{"title":"In Search of Invisible Cows","authors":"Taija Kaarlenkaski, Annika Lonkila","doi":"10.23991/ef.v47i2.88774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23991/ef.v47i2.88774","url":null,"abstract":"The notion of “invisible cows” has become popular in Finnish dairy production. This concept emerges in a very specific historical context: Increasing herd size, changing technological infrastructure in cowsheds, and the transformation of farmer identities all contribute to a need for more intensified forms of collaborative practices between humans and animals. An invisible cow is healthy, corporally compliant, obedient, easy and collaborative both in its body and behaviour. Invisible cows form a uniform herd in which individual animals require minimal care from farmers. In this paper, we explore how this new ideal is manifested on dairy farms, and how it changes the agencies of both farmers and animals and affects human-animal relationships. We examine the notions of collaboration, resistance and human-animal affection and aim to build links between these concepts. Our discussion of everyday work on dairy farms reveals the unattainability of invisibility. In various ways cattle resist their enactment as see-through members of the herd. Furthermore, invisibility can also be resisted by farmers who embrace their relations with specific animals who fail to stay invisible. Our paper contributes to a more complex understanding of the intertwinement of human and animal agencywithin dairy husbandry and argues that collaborative and resistant practices are always entangled.","PeriodicalId":211215,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131112719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transnational Marriage among the Kurds in Finland","authors":"Marja Tiilikainen","doi":"10.23991/ef.v47i2.98047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23991/ef.v47i2.98047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211215,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130637373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ambitious Beginnings for Posthuman Folklore","authors":"Taija Kaarlenkaski, Jyrki Pöysä, T. Seppä","doi":"10.23991/ef.v47i2.97553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23991/ef.v47i2.97553","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211215,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127619070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Affects and Emotions in Cultural Research - Cornucopia or Pandora’s box?","authors":"Kirsi-Maria Hytönen, Suomi Suomi","doi":"10.23991/ef.v47i2.98051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23991/ef.v47i2.98051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211215,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128401715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can Methods Do Good?","authors":"L. Hamilton, T. Linda, Astrid Huopalainen","doi":"10.23991/ef.v47i2.97592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23991/ef.v47i2.97592","url":null,"abstract":"In this conversational essay, three scholars working in the field of human—animal studies discuss the multi—species work that is underway in ethnology. Examples of different methodological approaches are highlighted; multispecies ethnography, crystallization, feminist dog-writing and écriture feminine. By reflecting on the value of such techniques, the authors contend that a renewed enthusiasm for methodological innovation can pave the way for more rounded accounts of social life, bringing animals and their agencies into clearer focus as companions, workers and beings in their own right. This is regarded as both an intellectual and ethical pursuit, with methods placed at the heart of the endeavour. ","PeriodicalId":211215,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124848418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Track Changes: Reflecting on a Transforming World","authors":"Inés Matres, Johanna Pohtinen","doi":"10.23991/ef.v46i0.84778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23991/ef.v46i0.84778","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211215,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125822149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Challenges for Creating Visibility of European Cultural Heritage","authors":"Viktorija L. A. Čeginskas","doi":"10.23991/ef.v46i0.83386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23991/ef.v46i0.83386","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The European Heritage Label (EHL) is a recent flagship heritage action of the European Union and focuses on the European dimension of Europe’s histo- ry and heritage as part of the Union’s cultural policy. One of the central con- cerns of the EU’s cultural policy is to generate a sense of belonging and iden- tity among European citizens. While efficient promotion of the visibility of the EHL among European audiences could be expected corresponding to the political objectives, the EHL continues to struggle with broader public recog- nition. Based on fieldwork findings, the article discusses the visibility of the EHL action as a network of heritage sites that challenges national narratives by promoting a European dimension of heritage. The article identifies diverse shortcomings in creating public visibility, such as the missed opportunity of the European Year of Cultural Heritage 2018 for creating useful synergies. The findings suggest that the EHL has potential to initiate public debate of what is European heritage, which may result in enhancing social cohesion in Europe. However, the label would benefit from the development of a joint strategy for improving the visibility of the EHL network at the local, nation- al and European levels. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":211215,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133581315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultural perspectives on the Body and Functional Variation: What do bodies do to us and what do we do with our bodies?","authors":"Sofia Wanström","doi":"10.23991/ef.v46i0.82506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23991/ef.v46i0.82506","url":null,"abstract":"The seminar “Cultural perspectives on the body and functional variation”1 was organized by the Society of Swedish Literature in Finland (SLS) in collaboration with the disciplines of Folklore and Ethnology at Åbo Akademi University. Researchers and experts were invited to this seminar to present and discuss different conceptions of normality and body in contemporary society. Although there has been research on functional diversity prior to this, functionally diverse people have often been excluded from the discussion and reduced to objects of study instead of being seen as experts. Furthermore, disability is often highlighted as a problem, ignoring the social and cultural prejudice and discrimination against people with disabilities, which is known as ableism. This seminar aimed at expanding the discussion on functional diversity, including a broader variety of viewpoints, and placing it within a societal context. The audience consisted of students, researchers, and other people active within the field and engaged in these questions. The speakers used different terms for functional diversity, but I have chosen to use primarily the perhaps outdated concepts of “able-bodied/disabled” for reasons of consistency and readability. All presentations were in Swedish. The seminar was opened with an introduction by Ruth Illman, Chair of the Committee for ethnology and folkloristics at SLS. The first presentation was given by Dr. Maria Bäckman, University Lecturer at Stockholm University, and was titled To not see – but be seen. About exposed bodies and the desire to pass. Bäckman’s areas of interest include questions of meaning-making, gender, sexuality, youth, democratic ideals, multiculturalism, and the creation of difference and similarity. In this project, Bäckman conducts auto-ethnographic research on people who have lost their sight, partly or fully, in adult age. Bäckman herself has had visual impairment for a few years, and she believes that her own experiences give her insight that","PeriodicalId":211215,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126324458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial: Ethnological Knowledge","authors":"Eerika Koskinen-Koivisto","doi":"10.23991/ef.v46i0.87850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23991/ef.v46i0.87850","url":null,"abstract":"different universities in Finland and across Europe. In Finnish universities, ethnology is combined with other disciplines and taught as part of multidisciplinary degree programs under different titles. This development into larger and thematic degree programs has challenged ethnologists to rethink their field and identify the skills and knowledge that students need to acquire. In the world of interdisciplinary and applied research, scholars – including ethnologists – need to be aware of their identity and core competences. For many years, government research funding programs have urged us to collaborate across disciplines and with stakeholders outside the academia. Collaboration with the third sector has become an integral part of research projects’ activities and science communication a significant skill set, forming part of research plans. In these times of multidisciplinary and cross-institutional working environments, it is important to reflect on what kind of knowledge ethnology produces. The articles in this issue introduce perspectives into contemporary societal issues. At the heart of ethnology is an interest in everyday lives and personal experiences. Our research practices allow us to have close contact with individuals and groups who experience and interpret the world differently, often contrary to the scenarios and presumptions of those who make plans and decisions, as well as to generalizations and macro developments. Unlike many other fields of humanities and social science, ethnologists can operate on a micro scale and pay attention to details and individual experiences, theorizing upon different cultural phenomena. The competence of ethnologists thus lies in acknowledging diversity and multiple views, and in bringing together and analyzing different voices in varying cultural contexts and lived realities of a changing world. This is how we can situate ethnological research among other disciplines and find a recipe for making an impact both in the academia and beyond. Editorial: Ethnological Knowledge Eerika Koskinen-Koivisto","PeriodicalId":211215,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131365888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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