Universal journal of management最新文献

{"title":"Does Organisational Climate Improve Quality Management Practice? Empirical Evidence from Egyptian Higher Education","authors":"Shorouk Aboudahr, Mua’azam Mohamad","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2020.080602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2020.080602","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the influence of organizational climate on quality management practices in Egyptian public universities. The study used a quantitative research design method. The sample consists of 150 respondents selected through both stratified sampling and simple random sampling to get a real population representation and minimization of the sampling bias. The research used the questionnaire as an instrument that involved 23 items, distributed to four disciplines: staff freedom, resource adequacy, decision making participation, and quality management practice for data collection by the researcher. The instrument was validated by experts from the Department of Education, Utara Malaysia University, through the face and content validation. Data collected were analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) which was employed for data analysis method through AMOS statistical software based on the parametric SEM in AMOS 22.0. Findings from the study revealed that resource adequacy has a significant and positive effect on quality management practices. Meanwhile, decision-making participation has no significant effect on quality management practices. Furthermore, the study indicates that male academic staffs have a significantly higher level of organizational climate than female academic staffs in the Egyptian Higher institution. It was recommended that the university management systems be developed and it is the climate in the light of quality management stander and giving academic staff a clear role in expressing their opinion as conducting discussion plans on decision making with the participation of all employees’ levels at the university.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128675120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Transformational Leadership on Innovative Pro-poor Development Initiatives in Zanzibar: A Case of Selected Community-based Income Generating Projects in the Urban West Region, Zanzibar","authors":"Ayoub Mohammed Mahmoud","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2020.080601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2020.080601","url":null,"abstract":"Leadership style is one of the factors that play a significant role in enhancing or retarding the performance of individuals in any organization. This study attempted to reveal the role of transformational leadership on innovative pro-poor development initiatives in Zanzibar where selected community-based income generating projects in the Urban West Region, Zanzibar were used a case study. Data were collected from six shehias namely Mwera, Kihinani, Kisauni, Kiembesamaki, Matarumbeta and Chumbuni where 180 respondents were consulted through observation, interview and questionnaire methods. Data analysis was done for each study objective through content analysis and descriptive statistics. The study findings revealed 7 major transformational leadership practices in the study area including motivation, periodic appraisals, inspiration, volunteering, mentoring, sharing and training. On the other hand the study concluded 6 major community based income-generating activities namely animal keeping, poultry keeping, vegetable garden, fish processing, small businesses and hand-crafting business. This study further revealed numerous challenges facing the adoption of transformational leadership in various development initiatives in the study area including lack of skills, lack of fund, lack of knowledge, low level of education, poor perception of the community and inadequate awareness of the existing pro-poor projects. Lastly based on the study findings, it was concluded that poultry keeping was highly practiced activity in the study area. Capacity building interventions were highly urged for enhancing skills, knowledge and awareness of the adoption of transformational leadership in various development initiatives in the study area hence making the existing pro-poor initiatives useful in the study area.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116897517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Competitive Strategies on Organization Performance in Relation to Sugar Industry in Kenya","authors":"Ibrahim Makina, Judith Nabwire Oundo","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2020.080502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2020.080502","url":null,"abstract":"This paper takes a theoretical examination on issues and concepts of Competitive strategies and how these strategies affect organization performance in general and how it can be applied in sugar industry. Competitive strategies are; cost leadership, product differentiation and focus; the effect of performance in terms of profit increase, reduction in customer complaints, reduction in operational costs and increase in market share. The study looked at the performance of sugar industry in the world and how competitive strategies can be used for better performance of sugar industry. The purpose of the study was examining the applicability of competitive strategies in sugar industry. Desktop analysis methodology was used through meta-analysis. From the reviewed literature, it revealed that organizations that use competitive strategies realize better performance than those that doesn’t. This study is relevant to the policy makers for decision making, and it is also important to the researchers as it provides a platform for further studies. It is relevant for the managers as they can apply competitive strategies in sugar manufacturing firms. It also provides a chance to the managers of different sugar manufacturing firms to compare their performance with other countries that perform relatively better in sugar sector. The study recommends that sugar manufacturing firms should use competitive strategies in order to realize better performance. In conclusion, from the reviewed literature through meta-analysis, competitive strategies have a positive impact on performance of an organization.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"59 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132800981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Izmir Craft Beer Trail","authors":"Pınar Işıldar, Ozay Yildiz","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2020.080501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2020.080501","url":null,"abstract":"Craft beer tourism is a type of special interest tourism, which is increasing in popularity in parallel with the growing interest and curiosity for novel, experimental, small-scale and artisan types of beer and related themes. As such, trails are gaining popularity, which integrate the opportunities to explore new tastes, methods of production and experimentation around craft beer and also complementing elements of food pairings, stories and heritage, shopping, places and landscapes around craft beer. These trails offer a more complete tourism product as well as a stronger sense of place, memorable tourist experiences and therefore opportunities for destination branding and overall promotion. In this context, an explorative field research has been conducted, possible participants have been identified and interviewed. As a result, the model for a craft beer trail in Izmir has been proposed and mapped, to include the places that produce and serve craft beer and related products, urban landmarks, accommodation and transportation, and a scheme for its management is presented. The trail is proposed to embrace and promote the natural and cultural landscape, social life, craft beer related and general cultural heritage and overall tourism attraction of Izmir, ultimately branding the city as a prominent craft beer destination. Additionally, the trail should provide product diversification as well as a means to increase occupancy rates and ease tourism congestion.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133315870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Product Line Design with Quantal Consumer Preferences","authors":"Rongyu Wang, Xuan Zhao","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2020.080505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2020.080505","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies how a firm designs a product line that motivates consumers to deliberate to infer their preferences and buy the product that matches the perceived preferences by deliberation. Some consumers cannot determine their true preferences after deliberation and instead perceive a wrong preference as their own. The statistics describing the distribution of preference perception after deliberation are defined as quantal preferences. By considering the quantal preferences, the firm is only able to design a product line that makes sure the population of consumers with same true preference willingly and truthfully participate the purchasing activity. Our research shows that the equilibrium properties of a screening contract (product line in our context) have been essentially altered by the quantal preferences compared with corresponding properties in a standard screening contract. With quantal preferences, at equilibrium, firm sacrifices part of their profit to reimburse each group of consumers to participate the purchase. Quantal preferences introduce two new incentives into the product line: limiting surplus losses and driving consumer to deliberate the true preference as much as possible. Different incentives can interrelate, e.g. the incentive motivating consumers to truthfully determine their perceived preferences and hence sorting different populations of consumers by the perceived preferences interacting the incentive limiting surplus losses, where deliberation cost adjusts which incentive is stronger. With quantal preferences, high type product can attract low preference consumers. The quality of high type product can be negative. The profit of high type or low type product can be negative, and the surplus of high type or low product can be negative as well. If only one type of product can be produced, it can be the low type product.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114210152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practicing Results Based Management for Enhancement of Quality and Performance of Social Development and Humanitarian Programmes","authors":"K. Khan, Naseem Begum, A. Razak","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2020.080503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2020.080503","url":null,"abstract":"The theme of this paper is centred on the application of Results Based Management (RBM) as a tool to achieve high quality management standards and enhance performance. It is originated from the ‘Theory of Change’ which is pursued globally to reap investment benefits. Whereas the corporate sector utilizes tools like the ISO 9000 series and Total Quality Management (TQM) guidelines, the Not for Profit (NPO) sector has developed its own quality approaches by trial and error. One of the much appreciated methodologies among United Nations (UN) agencies and NPOs is the concept and practice of Results Based Management (RBM). Since its adoption by the UN system in 1997, RBM is known as the ‘Gold Standard' among its practitioners. This particular perspective has neither been debated in the Quality Management context nor in RBM literature. However, due to successful and continued adherence to RBM practice by the UN agencies and member states in planning, monitoring and evaluation of development programmes including the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and its successor agenda of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it has become imperative to discuss the RBM role in Quality Management. Overall it is partly a description of this extraordinary management concept and practice and partly a fusion of experiences of the authors in the UN agencies and NPO sector.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116732202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reward and Recognition Programs at Sona Koyo Steering System Ltd.","authors":"Neeraj Kumari","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2020.080504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2020.080504","url":null,"abstract":"Employee recognition is the communication tool that reinforces and rewards the most important asset that is manpower for business. Reward and recognition program are designed to reward employees who have excelled in their work and convey sincere “thank you“ for a specific job well done. The study aims to find out the extent to which reward and recognition practices are implemented in Sona Koyo Steering System Ltd. A structured questionnaire was drafted comprising of both open and closed ended questions. It had 21 items in total. The questionnaire was filled by the employees of Sona Koyo Steering System Ltd., Gurugram who were selected on the basis of random sampling. The sample size is 50. To conclude, the organization provides both types of rewards; monetary and non-monetary, but nowadays most of the organizations are giving non-monetary rewards like promotion, increment in benefits, gift packs and so on because these are highly preferred by the employees. A maximum number of the organizations fixes 10% to 15% of its revenue for reward and recognition. Decisions from the top officials are considered for the employee selection for reward. Rotation of the job is done in many organizations so as to improve the performance of the employee. The best way to recognize the employees is in the group.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114641264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Investigation of the Relationship between Managers' Effective Leadership Behaviors and Employees' Organizational Commitment Levels","authors":"A. Yildirim, Erkaya Yirik, Mustafa Çelikten, Yeliz Çelikten","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2020.080408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2020.080408","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study is to determine the relationship between institution managers' effective leadership behaviors and institution employees' organizational commitment based on the perceptions of employees working in public institutions. The population of the study comprises of institution employees working in public institutions in the province of Amasya in Turkey in 2020. The sample of study consists of 132 institution employees working in public institutions in Tasova district and selected using random sampling method. While independent T test was applied to gender, age, marital status, education level and duration of service in the profession variables, One-way ANOVA test was used for the working duration with the last manager as a variable. LSD test was used to determine differences among groups. The findings of the present study suggest that public institution managers display highly effective leadership behaviors. On the other hand, institution employees' organizational commitment levels are above the average. In terms of the perceptions of employees working in public institutions, a positive correlation was found between institution managers' effective leadership behaviors and institution employees' organizational commitment levels. While there was a significant difference in demographic features such as gender, marital status, level of education, working duration of service in the profession and working duration with the last manager, there were no significant differences in terms of age.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129764342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizational Diagnosis and Organizational Development Model: Integration of Psychoanalytic Determinants","authors":"S. H. Appelbaum","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2020.080407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2020.080407","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews historical and current research focusing upon the failures and inadequacies associated with management and organizational development efforts, the role of the consultant in diagnosing organizational dysfunction. It further proposes a psychoanalytic model to serve as an organizational behavior blueprint. The model developed and processes identified are an intensive, prolonged technique to understand and identify the behavioral systems that trigger conflicts within the organization with significance attached to conflict and repression from early stages in the growth of an organization and its human resources-its people. The model synthesizes the research of psychoanalytic theory and organizational development (OD) processes in examining the components and effects of pain, affection, aggression, dependency and ego-ideal as interrelated forces. The impact of some of the historical founders of OD as well as Harry Levinson's psychoanalytic theory contribution will also be incorporated in this article. Examining relationships between intervention levels and component parts is the primary step to be taken in diagnosing, developing and changing the organization and environmental domain to an organic, reality-centered entity. The intra and interrelationships between the four intervention levels (individual, group, organization and environment) and the 30 variables uniquely, presents an overwhelming task for the organizational development consultant to diagnose, describe and hopefully change as the combination of psychoanalytic elements and organizational processes are complex and enigmatic at the individual/group levels with a multiplier effect illuminating the organizational and environment domains. The study of organizational diagnosis models is paramount for OD practitioners, because diagnostic models help to reveal key organizational gaps, and critical areas to focus. Moreover, this analysis emphasized the role of the OD practitioner as an advisor, helping clients identify the most appropriate diagnostic model -given the intervention objectives, and the organizational culture, and using feedback mechanisms to channel results in a non-threatening mode to later focus targeted OD interventions for the improvement of organizational effectiveness. The development of a conceptual model intended to diagnose the individual and total elements of the system is the primary step to be taken in this change effort.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122396335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between the Internet and Foreign Direct Investments in Turkey: The Toda-Yamamoto Causality Approach","authors":"Dilek Tandoğan, Çiğdem Karış","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2020.080406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2020.080406","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the relationship between foreign direct investments and the internet in Turkey. The relationship in question is researched by using annual variables for the 1993-2017 periods with the help of Toda-Yamamoto causality testing. According to the findings acquired, there is a bi-directional causal relationship between foreign direct investments and the internet. The importance of this conclusion is that it detects the increase in foreign direct investments as the number of internet users in Turkey increases. Accordingly, it can be stated that investments in the internet use can promote the inflow of foreign direct investments.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131616532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}