Fitopatologia Brasileira最新文献_第3页

PCR amplification and sequence analyses of reverse transcriptase-like genes in Crinipellis perniciosa isolates perniciosa分离株逆转录样基因的PCR扩增及序列分析

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000500001

J. F. Pereira, M. Ignacchiti, E. F. Araújo, S. Brommonschenkel, J. Cascardo, G. Pereira, M. V. Queiroz

引用次数: 4

Efeito da irradiação UV-C no controle da podridão parda (Monilinia fructicola) e da podridão mole (Rhizopus stolonifer) em pós-colheita de pêssegos UV-C照射对桃子采后褐腐病(Monilinia fructicola)和软腐病(Rhizopus stolonifer)防治的影响

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000500004

E. Bassetto, L. Amorim, E. A. Benato, Fabrício Packer Gonçalves, Silvia A. Lourenço

{"title":"Efeito da irradiação UV-C no controle da podridão parda (Monilinia fructicola) e da podridão mole (Rhizopus stolonifer) em pós-colheita de pêssegos","authors":"E. Bassetto, L. Amorim, E. A. Benato, Fabrício Packer Gonçalves, Silvia A. Lourenço","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000500004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000500004","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of UV-C irradiation in vitro to control M. fructicola and R. stolonifer and the diseases caused by them in peach fruits. Mycelial growth was evaluated after exposure of the pathogens on PDA medium to different UV-C irradiation concentrations of 0, 0.26, 0.52, 1.04, 3.13, 5.22, 10.44, 15.66 and 31.32 kJ.m-2. The UV cabinet was equipped with four lamps with the fluency rate of 1.74 mW.cm-2. Peach fruits were treated with UV-C irradiation in a protective and curative way. In the protector treatment, fruits were exposed to 1.04 kJ.m-2 for 1 min. and were inoculated immediately and after 16, 24 and 40 hours. In the curative treatment, peach fruits were inoculated, incubated and irradiated with 0, 1.04, 5.22, 10.44, 15.66 and 31.32 kJ.m-2 UV-C concentrations. Disease incidence and severity of brown rot were evaluated. In vitro, only the concentrations applied during 1 and 10 min. of exposure reduced the mycelial growth of M. fructicola, while the application of UV-C for 10-15 minutes reduced the mycelial growth of R. stolonifer and the concentration applied for 30 minutes completely inhibited the mycelial growth of this pathogen. There was no effect caused by UV-C light in the protective control, or by UV-C light in the curative control of brown rot. The irradiation of fruits with UV-C was effective in the curative control of soft rot, and the best results were observed with an exposure time of 10 minutes.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125695205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Biological control of rice sheath blight by microbiolization of seeds with antagonist bacteria 拮抗菌种子微生物化防治水稻纹枯病的研究

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000500002

J. Ludwig, A. B. Moura

{"title":"Biological control of rice sheath blight by microbiolization of seeds with antagonist bacteria","authors":"J. Ludwig, A. B. Moura","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000500002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000500002","url":null,"abstract":"Eight pre-selected bacterial strains were evaluated for control of rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani, Pseudomonas synxatha, P. fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sp. and Stenotrophomonas malthopilia. Rice seeds cv. El Passo L144 were treated by immersion in a bacterial suspension (A540=0.5) of each isolate under agitation at 10oC for 30 min. Seeds immersed in saline solution and in saline plus fungicide (Carboxin + Thiran) were used as control. Ten seeds per pot were used, in four replications, in a completely randomized design. Three assays were performed, and in the first it was possible to select the three strains which reduced the severity of the disease, reaching 50, 33.3 and 16.7%, respectively. These isolates were used in the two last assays, which were maintained in greenhouse until the harvesting stage, where it was possible to observe the biocontrol effect, mainly by the strain of P. fluorescens DFs223, with significant reduction in the disease severity, reaching 88 and 91.7% in the second and third assays, respectively. There was an increase in the number of panicles, as well as in the number of tillers and dry mass of roots, reaching to 42.8, 81.2 and 113 % respectively, in plants treated with this isolate in both assays.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114143759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Induction of leaf blast resistance in rice by an avirulent isolate of Magnaporthe oryzae 稻瘟病菌无毒分离物诱导水稻叶片抗稻瘟病的研究

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000500003

M. Filippi, G. Silva, A. Prabhu

{"title":"Induction of leaf blast resistance in rice by an avirulent isolate of Magnaporthe oryzae","authors":"M. Filippi, G. Silva, A. Prabhu","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000500003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000500003","url":null,"abstract":"The induction of disease resistance can be activated in plants with biotic and abiotic agents such as avirulent isolates of pathogens. The objective of this investigation was to determine the concentration of inducer isolate and the time required between the inoculation with inducer (avirulent isolate) and virulent isolate of Magnaporthe oryzae, for the induction of resistance in rice leaves. Eighteen-day-old plants of rice cultivars Metica-1 and Cica-8 were sprayed in a greenhouse with an avirulent isolate utilized as inducer, at the concentrations of 0, 105, 3x105 and 6x105 conidia mL-1; sprayed 24, 48, and 72 hours prior to inoculation with virulent isolate. The induction of resistance was manifested in the reduction of leaf area affected and lesion type. The degree of induced resistance was greater in cultivar Metica-1 than in cultivar Cica-8 in relation to respective controls. The induction of resistance was superior in Cica-8 in treatments where inducers were applied 48 hours prior to inoculation with the virulent isolate, at concentrations of 6x105 and 3x105 conidia mL-1. On the other hand, the induction in Metica-1 was significantly higher in relation to control, at all concentrations and all periods of application of the inducer, and did not show differences between treatments.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132123111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Tratamentos térmico e químico de sementes de feijoeiro: eficiência na erradicação de Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens e efeitos na qualidade fisiológica das sementes 大豆种子的热处理和化学处理:对黄短杆菌pv的消灭效果。flaccumfaciens及其对种子生理品质的影响

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000500011

Renata C.C. Estefani, Reinaldo José de Miranda Filho, Carlos Hidemi Uesugi

{"title":"Tratamentos térmico e químico de sementes de feijoeiro: eficiência na erradicação de Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens e efeitos na qualidade fisiológica das sementes","authors":"Renata C.C. Estefani, Reinaldo José de Miranda Filho, Carlos Hidemi Uesugi","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000500011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000500011","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of thermo and chemotherapy on the eradication of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff) and on the physiological quality of seeds of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cv. Perola were tested. Soaking times (30 min, 1 and 2 h) in water and in AGRIMAICIN 500 solutions (copper sulphate, 500 g + oxytetracyclin, 30 g/kg of the product) in concentrations of 5 and 10 g/L of water; dry heat (60 and 70 oC for 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 h); and heat of 60 oC/3 h on previously soaked seeds for 30 min, 1 and 2 h were tested. The vigor of seeds soaked in water for more than 1 h was affected. Soaking the seeds (30 min, 1 and 2 h) in solution with 10 g of AGRIMAICIN 500/L of water affected the length of the rootlet and the stem, whereas germination was affected only with 2 h. The treatment eliminated the bacterium from naturally infected seeds; however it was not effective in inoculated seeds (108 ufc/mL). Dry heat (60 and 70 oC) for more than 3 h reduced significantly the vigor of the seeds and did not eliminate the bacterium. Soaking the seeds for 30 min and 1 h + 60 oC/3 h affected the length of the stem and rootlet but did not eliminate the bacterium. Two hours of soaking the seeds in water ± 60 oC/3 h reduced significantly the germination and the vigor; it also reduced significantly the Cff in inoculated seeds, whereas it eliminated the bacterium in naturally infected ones.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"4 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126100796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Potencial do uso da restrição hídrica em testes de sanidade de sementes de algodoeiro 水分限制在棉花种子健康试验中的应用潜力

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000500006

A. Machado, J. Machado, Maria das Graças Vieira, D. C. Neto, M. V. Souza

{"title":"Potencial do uso da restrição hídrica em testes de sanidade de sementes de algodoeiro","authors":"A. Machado, J. Machado, Maria das Graças Vieira, D. C. Neto, M. V. Souza","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000500006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000500006","url":null,"abstract":"The fast germination of cotton seeds that occurs in blotter and agar seed health tests may become a difficulty in the identification of fungi, thus affecting the efficiency of these tests. The available alternative to impede or to reduce seed germination of dicotyledoneous species is the incorporation of 2.4-D (sodium salt formulation) solution to the substrate. Nevertheless, some questions about 2,4-D use may be raised for several reasons, including the toxicity of this compound. The aim of this work was to investigate the viability of the use of water restriction technique in place of the 2,4-D method to reduce seed germination in incubation seed health testing. The effects of water restriction produced by mannitol and sodium chloride at -0,6, -0,8, -1,0 and -1,2 MPa osmotic potentials were evaluated on seed germination, seedling elongation and in vitro mycelial growth of some fungi occurring on cotton seeds and on their development in the blotter test. The water restriction provided by the solutes at the osmotic potentials tested was proved to reduce germination and seedling elongation to satisfactory levels for cotton seed health analysis, allowing recovery of the main fungi on those seeds under blotter test conditions. This method was seen to be an efficient alternative to the use of 2,4-D. The mycelial growth of fungi was reduced on agar medium at osmotic potentials higher than -0,6 MPa. The recovery of pathogenic fungi under blotter test was not affected by the water restriction technique.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130132758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

The fluctuation of transmission specificity and efficiency of Tomato spotted wilt virus by Frankliniella schultzei 舒氏Frankliniella schultzei对番茄斑病病毒传播特异性和效率的波动

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000500012

T. Nagata, R. Resende, A. Inoue-Nagata, A. Ávila

引用次数: 5

Detecção do Sugarcane mosaic virus no Paraná e limpeza somaclonal por cultura de tecidos parana中甘蔗花叶病毒的检测和组织培养的体细胞无性系清洗

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400010

A. Barboza, H. B. S. Júnior, E. R. Souto, Clandio Medeiros da Silva, F. S. Marcuz, R. Vieira

引用次数: 1

Diversidade patogênica e molecular de Ralstonia solanacearum da região amazônica brasileira 巴西亚马逊地区茄青枯菌的致病性和分子多样性

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400002

S. B. Costa, Marisa A. S. V. Ferreira, C. Lopes

{"title":"Diversidade patogênica e molecular de Ralstonia solanacearum da região amazônica brasileira","authors":"S. B. Costa, Marisa A. S. V. Ferreira, C. Lopes","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000400002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000400002","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogenic and molecular diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum isolates from the Brazilian Amazon The diversity among 70 isolates of Ralstonia solanacearum collected from tomato and other hosts in the Brazilian Amazon was evaluated. Firstly, the isolates were identified at the biovar level and their virulence assessed by inoculating seedlings of tomato, sweet pepper and Amazon chicory (Eryngium foetidum). Fifty-three isolates were identified as biovar 1, four as biovar N2 and 13 as biovar 3, therefore confirming the prevalence of biovar 1 associated with tomato in the North Region of Brazil. Cluster analysis of the isolates allowed their separation into different virulence classes. On tomato, 44.3% of them were highly virulent, 37.1% were moderately virulent and 18.6% were weakly virulent. On peppers, 20% of the isolates were highly virulent, 27.1% moderately virulent and 52.9% were weakly virulent. When inoculated on Amazon chicory, only the chicory isolate caused wilt, thus revealing an uncommon specificity for R. solanacearum. Fortysix isolates from tomato and 18 from ten other hosts, collected in flooded and non-flooded areas, were then compared by BOX-PCR. Genomic fingerprints were highly polymorphic. Five groups were identified, without any clear-cut correlations among them with host of origin, biovar, ecosystem or geographic origin. The isolate obtained from Eryngium foetidum was the most divergent, with only 6.4% similarity to the other isolates. The tomato isolates were separated into three groups. All four biovar N2 isolates were grouped together and separated from the isolates representing the other biovars present in the Amazon region. Additional keywords: bacterial wilt, Lycopersicon esculentum, repetitive DNA, rep-PCR.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126292774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Dinâmica temporal da população do ácaro Brevipalpus phoenicis e da leprose dos citros sob condições naturais de epidemia 自然流行条件下腓尼基短掌螨和柑橘麻风病种群的时间动态

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400003

A. B. C. Czermainski, R. B. Bassanezi, F. F. Laranjeira, L. Amorim

{"title":"Dinâmica temporal da população do ácaro Brevipalpus phoenicis e da leprose dos citros sob condições naturais de epidemia","authors":"A. B. C. Czermainski, R. B. Bassanezi, F. F. Laranjeira, L. Amorim","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000400003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000400003","url":null,"abstract":"The density of mite Brevipalpus phoenicis, vector of Citrus leprosis virus (CiLV), is determinant for decisions on control measures for citrus leprosis. Little information on the progress of incidence of trees with citrus leprosis has been compiled, either separately or together with the mite population. This study aimed to characterize the temporal growth of B. phoenicis populations and leprosis incidence on citrus trees and the relationship with these populations, under natural conditions. Two sweet orange groves, one with 'Valencia' and the other with 'Natal', were monitored from 2002 to 2004, every 22 days. The increase in disease incidence was slow and estimates of disease growth rate were quite low, varying from 0.0126 to 0.0448 for 'Valencia' and from 0.0044 to 0.0525 for 'Natal'. The initial inoculum quantity on the branches increased significantly from one cycle to the next. After the three years of observation, the incidence reached 32% in Valencia and 6.8% in Natal trees. Although not systemic, citrus leprosis has a polyetic performance, building up inoculum year after year, especially on the branches. The incidence was not correlated with the mite density on the trees in previous data collections, but presented a significant positive correlation (P<0.001) with the disease incidence reported earlier. This indicates that the presence of symptoms, rather than only the mites, must be taken into consideration in sampling aiming at disease control.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134368931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12