Fitopatologia Brasileira最新文献_第4页

Occurrence of antracnose on fruits of açaí, Euterpe oleracea, in Muaná, Pará, Brazil 巴西穆阿纳<e:1>、帕尔<e:1>、欧洲甘蓝açaí果实上的肛肠病发生

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400015

T. Batista, F. Oliveira, S. A. Tabosa, M. A. Nunes

引用次数: 0

Características culturais e severidade da mancha foliar de Quambalaria eucalypti sob diferentes regimes de temperatura, luz e período de molhamento foliar 桉树Quambalaria桉树在不同温度、光照和叶片湿润期条件下叶斑病的培养特性和严重程度

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400007

G. Andrade, A. C. Alfenas, R. G. Mafia, E. A. V. Zauza, Michelle M. F. Couto, L. A. Maffia

{"title":"Características culturais e severidade da mancha foliar de Quambalaria eucalypti sob diferentes regimes de temperatura, luz e período de molhamento foliar","authors":"G. Andrade, A. C. Alfenas, R. G. Mafia, E. A. V. Zauza, Michelle M. F. Couto, L. A. Maffia","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000400007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000400007","url":null,"abstract":"Quambalaria eucalypti was recently reported as the causal agent of leaf spot and stem curl in Eucalyptus spp. in Brazil. Given the scarcity of knowledge available on this pathosystem our objectives were to evaluate the \"in vitro\" mycelial growth and sporulation of this fungus in different culture media, determine the optimum temperature of mycelial growth, sporulation and conidial germination, evaluate the influence of the lighting regime on conidial germination and determine the combined influence of time and temperature in a moisture chamber on the disease severity. Temperatures of 25, 13 and 37 oC were found to be the optimum, minimum and maximum for growth, respectively. The optimum temperature for sporulation was 25 oC. The interaction between growth medium and isolates was significant and potato dextrose-agar (PDA), V8-agar (V8) and vegetable broth-agar produced the most mycelial growth, followed by hydrolyzed casein-agar and water-agar. On the other hand, the interaction between culture medium and isolates was not significant for sporulation, although PDA appeared to favor spore production by this pathogen. Temperature and lighting regime did not significantly affect conidial germination, with 85 % of medium rate. The interaction between temperature and time of exposition in a moisture chamber was not significant for severity of disease. A quadratic model best represented disease severity as a function of temperature, with estimated optimum 27 oC. An exponential model best represented disease severity as a function of moisture chamber.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"59 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130525159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Reação de Brachiaria spp. e Panicum maximum a Pratylenchus brachyurus 研究腕足纲动物(Brachiaria sp . e Panicum maximum)和腕足纲动物(Pratylenchus brachyurus)

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400009

M. M. Inomoto, A. C. Z. Machado, S. R. Antedomenico

{"title":"Reação de Brachiaria spp. e Panicum maximum a Pratylenchus brachyurus","authors":"M. M. Inomoto, A. C. Z. Machado, S. R. Antedomenico","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000400009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000400009","url":null,"abstract":"No-tillage system has been used in many agricultural areas of Brazil, creating conditions that may increase the damage caused by phytonematodes in the main crops, depending on the host status of the plants used as cover crops. Guinea grass (Panicum maximum) and brachiaria grasses (Brachiaria spp.) are useful in areas infested by root-knot nematodes, because they are non-hosts or poor hosts of Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica, but host status of these grasses for Pratylenchus brachyurus has scarcely been studied. Therefore, two greenhouse experiments were carried out in order to characterize the host status of five species and one hybrid of brachiaria grasses [Brachiaria decumbens, B. brizantha, B. humidicola, B. dyctioneura, B. ruziziensis, and Mulato grass (B. ruziziensis x B. brizantha)], and two cultivars of P. maximum ('Mombaca' and 'Tanzânia') for P. brachyurus. The experiments were similar to each other, except in the origin of the nematode population, Pb20 coming from okra roots and Pb24 from cotton roots. Final nematode populations from substrate and roots were estimated 118 days after inoculation for Pb20 and 131 days for Pb24. Results showed that all the tested grasses host P. brachyurus, but at different degrees. Guinea grass and Mulato grass appeared to be good hosts of P. brachyurus, with a reproduction factor (RF = Pf/Pi) ranging from 4.96 to 12.17 for Pb20 and from 10.38 to 13.18 for Pb24: thus they should be avoided as cover crops in fields infested with the nematode. Conversely, B. dyctioneura proved to be a poor host of P. brachyurus, with RF = 1.01 - 1.32.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127736163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Fungos associados a sementes de cevadilha vacariana (Bromus auleticus) coletadas nas plantas e no solo

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400012

Gustavo Martins da Silva, M. D. S. Maia, C. O. C. Moraes, R. D. Medeiros, Clarissa Santos Silva, D. D. Pereira

{"title":"Fungos associados a sementes de cevadilha vacariana (Bromus auleticus) coletadas nas plantas e no solo","authors":"Gustavo Martins da Silva, M. D. S. Maia, C. O. C. Moraes, R. D. Medeiros, Clarissa Santos Silva, D. D. Pereira","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000400012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000400012","url":null,"abstract":"Bromus auleticus is a native perennial grass, with potential to produce forage in the autumn-winter, a period when animal feed is scarce in the south of Brazil. The objective of this work was to verify microorganisms associated with seeds of B. auleticus, in function of the moment of collection, in the plant and in the soil. Field studies were conducted in \"Embrapa Pecuaria Sul\", Bage - state of Rio Grande do Sul, in an area sowed in 1995. Panicles of thirty representative plants were harvested in November, 2002, obtaining 900 seeds. Following another procedure, in the same experimental area, soil samples were collected in the first days of January, February, March and April; 200, 300, 200 and 60 seeds were thus obtained, respectively. All seeds were analyzed by the blotter test, with incubation at 20oC, 12 hours of light, for a period of seven days. Several fungi were observed, mainly Alternaria spp., associated with seeds of B. auleticus that were still attached to the mother plant. There was a tendency for that contamination to decrease after natural detachment. A high incidence of Trichoderma was also observed in seeds of B. auleticus present in the soil, probably constituting a beneficial association between these species. It is considered that Trichoderma may be antagonistic to other fungi that are potentially pathogenic to seeds of Bromus auleticus, such as Alternaria spp.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115834302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Caracterização dos danos pós-colheita em citros procedentes de "packinghouse" 柑桔“包装屋”采后损害的特征

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400004

I. H. Fischer, L. Toffano, Silvia A. Lourenço, L. Amorim

{"title":"Caracterização dos danos pós-colheita em citros procedentes de \"packinghouse\"","authors":"I. H. Fischer, L. Toffano, Silvia A. Lourenço, L. Amorim","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000400004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000400004","url":null,"abstract":"Post-harvest diseases represent a serious problem for citriculture, reducing fruit quality and crop yield. This work aimed to characterize the post-harvest injuries of oranges 'Pera', 'Lima' and 'Natal' and tangor 'Murcott', during handling in the packinghouse. Samples of one hundred fruits were collected on arrival at the packinghouse, before culling and in the pallet, after hand packing into wood boxes. The fruits were individualized and submitted to humid chambers for 24 hours. Fruits were incubated for 20 days at 25oC and 85% of relative humidity. The incidence of diseases was assessed visually after the removal of the humid chamber and every three days. Fungal pathogenicity was confirmed by fungal inoculation in healthy fruits. Post-harvest disease incidence was similar in different phases of handling system for varieties Lima and Natal. For Pera and tangor 'Murcott' disease incidence was lower on arrival at the packinghouse compared to other handling phases. Green mold was the most frequent disease in all varieties. Other important diseases were anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), stem-end rots (Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Phomopsis citri), and sour rot (Geotrichum candidum).","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"985 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123090462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

First report of Rhizoctonia solani causing web blight on pigeonpea in Brazil.

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400013

K. L. Nechet, Bernardo de Almeida Halfeld-Vieira

引用次数: 4

Variability of the coat protein gene of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 in Brazil 巴西葡萄叶相关病毒3型外壳蛋白基因的变异

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400008

T. Fajardo, É. C. Dianese, M. Eiras, D. Cerqueira, D. Lopes, M. Ferreira, C. R. Martins

{"title":"Variability of the coat protein gene of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 in Brazil","authors":"T. Fajardo, É. C. Dianese, M. Eiras, D. Cerqueira, D. Lopes, M. Ferreira, C. R. Martins","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000400008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000400008","url":null,"abstract":"Leafroll is an economically important disease affecting grapevines (Vitis spp.). Nine serologically distinct viruses, Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-1 through 9, are associated with this disease. The present study describes the coat protein gene sequence of four GLRaV-3 isolates occurring in the Sao Francisco River basin, Northeastern Brazil. The viral RNA was extracted from GLRaV-3 ELISA-positive plants and the complete coat protein gene was amplified by RT-PCR. Sequences were generated automatically and compared to the complete coat protein sequence from North American (NY1) and Chinese (Dawanhong No2 and SL10) GLRaV-3 isolates. The four studied isolates, named Pet-1 through 4, showed deduced amino acid identities of 98-100% (Pet-1 through 3) and 95% (Pet-4) with North American and Chinese isolates. A total of seventeen amino acid substitutions was detected among the four characterized isolates in comparison to the NY1, Dawanhong No.2 and SL10 sequences. The results indicated the existence of natural variation among GLRaV-3 isolates from grapevines, also demonstrating a lack of correlation between sequence data and geographic origin. This variability should be considered when selecting regions of the viral genome targeted for reliable and consistent virus molecular detection.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127685586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Occurrence of maize eyespot caused by Kabatiella zeae in Paraná and Santa Catarina state, Brazil 巴西帕拉那亚<e:1>和圣卡塔琳娜州玉米眼斑病的发生

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400014

I. Santos, A. D. Silva, G. Malagi

引用次数: 3

Characterization of aggressiveness of Colletotrichum isolates from yellow passion fruit by biochemical, physiological and molecular markers 用生化、生理和分子标记表征黄色百香果炭疽菌的侵袭性

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400006

L. D. Almeida, R. S. Coelho

{"title":"Characterization of aggressiveness of Colletotrichum isolates from yellow passion fruit by biochemical, physiological and molecular markers","authors":"L. D. Almeida, R. S. Coelho","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582007000400006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582007000400006","url":null,"abstract":"Anthracnose is the most important post harvest disease of yellow passion fruit, whose etiologic agent has been identified in Brazil as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. For pathogen characterization, 33 isolates were obtained from three producing regions of Pernambuco State. Morphological characters, such as color of the colony, conidial form and dimension, perithecium production and specific primers for C. gloeosporioides, C. acutatum and \"Colletotrichum of Passiflora\" allowed the identification of Glomerella cingulata pathotype 1, G. cingulata pathotype 2, Colletotrichum sp. from Passiflora and Colletotrichum sp. from yellow passion fruit. Yellow passion fruit inoculations showed two isolate groups, one with high aggressiveness (GA-1) and another with low aggressiveness (GA-2). Biochemical markers, such as amilolytic, cellulolytic, lipolytic and proteolytic enzymatic activities and physiological markers, such as mycelial growth, did not separate isolates into groups by aggressiveness. Standard markers produced by DNA amplification of isolates, using RAPD primers, showed that GA-1 isolates were more genetically related to each other than GA-2 isolates, evidencing GA-1 isolates with more recent evolution. The DNA amplifications of isolates with OPA-9 primer generated a marker that allowed grouping of 85.7% of GA-1 isolates, but included some GA-2 isolates with aggressiveness close to that of GA-1 isolates; therefore, OPA-9 primer can be used to characterize Colletotrichum spp. isolates with high aggressiveness in genetic resistance programs.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"24 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114098335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Resistance to Meloidogyne mayaguensis in Psidium spp. Accessions and their grafting compatibility with P. guajava cv. Paluma 番石榴属植物对麻瓜蛾的抗性及其与番石榴的嫁接亲和性。Paluma

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2007-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400001

R. Carneiro, P. A. S. Cirotto, A. Quintanilha, D. Silva, R. Carneiro

引用次数: 55