Fitopatologia Brasileira最新文献_第10页

Bole rot of sisal caused by Aspergillus niger in Brazil 巴西黑曲霉引起的剑麻裂孔病

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582006000600014

W. M. Coutinho, N. Suassuna, C. M. Luz, F. A. Suinaga, O. R. F. D. Silva

引用次数: 17

Interceptação de Phoma exigua var. foveata, praga exótica e quarentenária para o Brasil, em germoplasma de batata procedente da França 截获来自法国的马铃薯种质资源中的巴西外来检疫害虫Phoma exigua变种foveata

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582006000600012

M. A. Mendes, Arailde Fontes Urben, A. S. Oliveira, V. L. A. Marinho

{"title":"Interceptação de Phoma exigua var. foveata, praga exótica e quarentenária para o Brasil, em germoplasma de batata procedente da França","authors":"M. A. Mendes, Arailde Fontes Urben, A. S. Oliveira, V. L. A. Marinho","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582006000600012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582006000600012","url":null,"abstract":"Potato tubers from France and introduced to Brazil for research purposes were subjected to phytosanitary analysis at the Quarantine Laboratory of Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (Cenargen). Some of the tubers showed sunken, water-soaked, brownish-purple lesions, with soft skin, and black pycnidia were visible in the lesions using a stereomicroscope. Examination of the fungal structures on microscope slides using light microscopy demonstrated that the fungus had the morphology of Phoma exigua var. foveata, an A1 quarantine pest for Brazil. Pathogenicity tests were carried out inoculating healthy potato tubers with a pure culture of the fungus. Rot symptoms were observed 3 days after inoculation and progressed until 8 days. The fungus was re-isolated from the lesions on potato dextrose agar, confirming that the fungus was the etiological agent of the disease. The tubers that were symptomatic were incinerated, and the other healthy-looking tubers were treated with a systemic fungicide, cultivated under quarantine for two generations, and then reanalyzed. After confirming that they were free of the pathogen, the tubers were sent to their destination solicitor.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126436460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Geoestatística como metodologia para estudar a dinâmica espaço-temporal de doenças associadas a Colletotrichum spp. transmitidos por sementes 地质统计学作为研究炭疽菌种子传播疾病时空动态的方法

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582006000600004

M. Alves, E. A. Pozza, J. Machado, Dejânia Vieira de Araújo, V. Talamini, Marcelo Silva de Oliveira

{"title":"Geoestatística como metodologia para estudar a dinâmica espaço-temporal de doenças associadas a Colletotrichum spp. transmitidos por sementes","authors":"M. Alves, E. A. Pozza, J. Machado, Dejânia Vieira de Araújo, V. Talamini, Marcelo Silva de Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582006000600004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582006000600004","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was the characterization of the space-time severity progress of the common bean Anthracnose and cotton Ramulose through Geoestatistics. The experiments were conducted over different periods during the rainy season, in field conditions. Seeds inoculated by the water restriction method were sowed in the center of experimental plots standing as inoculum source of point type. Six evaluations of the epidemics severity were done weekly following disease diagrams. The clustered pattern and the spatial dependence in both pathosystems were verified with isotropic spherical and gaussian semivariogram models adjusted to the data. With the ordinary block kriging method, it was possible to verify that the severity of the diseases was lower in the first stages, becoming higher over time in both epidemics. Anthracnose presented initially secondary inoculum focus formation besides the focus with initial inoculum with later coalescence. The severity of Ramulose decreased gradually, both radially and smoothly from the center of the plot to the borders, with a larger capacity to infect neighboring plants, when compared to the Anthracnose, possibly due to the fungis aggressiveness and to the cotton plants shrubby growth habit.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"510 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116700457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Efeito de níveis de desbaste de frutos do cafeeiro na incidência da ferrugem, no teor de nutrientes, carboidratos e açúcares redutores 咖啡果实稀疏程度对锈病发生率、营养物质含量、碳水化合物和还原糖的影响

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582006000600005

Mauro J. N. Costa, L. Zambolim, F. Rodrigues

{"title":"Efeito de níveis de desbaste de frutos do cafeeiro na incidência da ferrugem, no teor de nutrientes, carboidratos e açúcares redutores","authors":"Mauro J. N. Costa, L. Zambolim, F. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582006000600005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582006000600005","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee leaf rust causes great yield losses during the years of high berry yield. The objective of this trial was to study the development of levels of coffee berry removals on the incidence of rust and to correlate the levels of nutrients and carbohydrates with the disease in 2001 and 2002, in five-year-old plants of the cultivar Catuai Vermelho. The presence of fruits in the initial phase of the vegetative coffee growth in 2001 triggers the establishment of the disease, which then decreased as the level of coffee fruits in the plants fell from 100% to zero percent. Plants with 100 % of coffee fruits on the tree had the highest incidence of disease; in contrast, plants with 0% of fruits had the lowest incidence of the disease. The rust started in January, reaching its peak at harvesting, in July. Plants that presented 62.75 bags per hectare presented 95% of their leaves diseased and 49% of the foliar area infected, at the end of the experiment. Plants with 15 bags per hectare were 10% diseased in July. As the level of coffee berry yield increased on the plants (0-100%) the average level of K decreased by 34%, Ca 37 %, Cu 17% and B increased 29%. The level of starch decreased by 30% on the plants without coffee fruits, compared with plants that had 50-100%.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114083343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Tomato rugose mosaic virus in Tomato Crops in São Paulo State, Brazil 巴西<s:1>圣保罗州番茄作物中的番茄皱叶花叶病毒

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582006000600015

A. Colariccio, J. Bergmann, M. Eiras, A. Chaves, C. M. Chagas, F. Zerbini

{"title":"Tomato rugose mosaic virus in Tomato Crops in São Paulo State, Brazil","authors":"A. Colariccio, J. Bergmann, M. Eiras, A. Chaves, C. M. Chagas, F. Zerbini","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582006000600015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582006000600015","url":null,"abstract":"Geminiviruses were of limited economic importance to tomato crops until the introduction of biotype B, when an increase in the incidence of begomovirus was reported (Ribeiro ., Arch. Virol. 148:281. 2003). In recent years, the occurrence of geminivirus in tomato causing a severe outbreak has been observed in the Campinas region, SP. In preliminary surveys (ToYVSV) turned out to be the most frequent begomovirus species, affecting about 70% of tomato crops. Occasionally, however, another possible begomovirus, inducing leaf crumple, has been noticed affecting tomato in that region (Colariccio ., Summa Phytopathol. 27:105. 2001). The present work aimed to identify the virus associated with the leaf crumple symptom. Thus, leaf samples from affected ‘Carmen’ tomato plants from Mogi Guacu, SP, showing growth reduction, green and yellow mosaic, besides leaf crumple and curling, were submitted to electron microscopy, mechanical, graft and transmissions, as well as DNA extraction for PCR using universal primers (Rojas ., Plant Dis. 77:340. 1993). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed to compare this virus with other geminivirus sequences deposited in the GenBank. Typical geminated particles were observed in negatively stained preparations from foliar veins. observation revealed the presence of hexagonally-packed crystalline array or of loose aggregates in the nuclei of phloem-infected parenchyma cells, with partial alteration of nucleoli into a granular structure. These cytopathic effects corresponded to those described for begomoviruses. The virus was transmitted by and graft, but not mechanically, like (ToRMV) from Minas Gerais State. A DNA-A fragment of about 1.2 kbp","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"870 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120942529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Genetic divergence among and within Colletotrichum lindemuthianum races assessed by RAPD 利用RAPD分析炭疽菌小种间遗传分化

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582006000600002

V. Talamini, E. A. Souza, E. Pozza, Gilvan Ferreira da Silva, F. H. Ishikawa, O. A. C. Júnior

引用次数: 15

Bacterial Canker of Grapevine in Roraima, Brazil 巴西罗赖马的葡萄细菌溃疡病

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582006000600013

Bernardo de Almeida Halfeld-Vieira, K. L. Nechet

引用次数: 7

Models and applications for risk assessment and prediction of Asian soybean rust epidemics 亚洲大豆锈病流行风险评估与预测模型及应用

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582006000600001

E. M. Ponte, C. Godoy, M. G. Canteri, E. M. Reis, Xiao-bing Yang

{"title":"Models and applications for risk assessment and prediction of Asian soybean rust epidemics","authors":"E. M. Ponte, C. Godoy, M. G. Canteri, E. M. Reis, Xiao-bing Yang","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582006000600001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582006000600001","url":null,"abstract":"Asian rust of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril] is one of the most important fungal diseases of this crop worldwide. The recent introduction of Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd in the Americas represents a major threat to soybean production in the main growing regions, and significant losses have already been reported. P. pachyrhizi is extremely aggressive under favorable weather conditions, causing rapid plant defoliation. Epidemiological studies, under both controlled and natural environmental conditions, have been done for several decades with the aim of elucidating factors that affect the disease cycle as a basis for disease modeling. The recent spread of Asian soybean rust to major production regions in the world has promoted new development, testing and application of mathematical models to assess the risk and predict the disease. These efforts have included the integration of new data, epidemiological knowledge, statistical methods, and advances in computer simulation to develop models and systems with different spatial and temporal scales, objectives and audience. In this review, we present a comprehensive discussion on the models and systems that have been tested to predict and assess the risk of Asian soybean rust. Limitations, uncertainties and challenges for modelers are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131339532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Análise temporal da sarna da macieira nas cultivares Royal Gala e Fuji sob os sistemas convencional e orgânico de produção 传统和有机生产系统下皇家加拉和富士品种苹果树疥疮的时间分析

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582006000600008

L. P. Cesa, W. C. J. Junior, Amauri Bogo, Adriana Lazaroto, Alinne da Silva, Cassandro do Amarante

{"title":"Análise temporal da sarna da macieira nas cultivares Royal Gala e Fuji sob os sistemas convencional e orgânico de produção","authors":"L. P. Cesa, W. C. J. Junior, Amauri Bogo, Adriana Lazaroto, Alinne da Silva, Cassandro do Amarante","doi":"10.1590/S0100-41582006000600008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582006000600008","url":null,"abstract":"Apple scab disease, caused by Venturia inaequalis, is one of the most important threats to apple production. Due to great concern about the risks of environmental contamination and human poisoning, organic production is seen as an alternative, while preserving product quality at the standard of the conventional system. Aiming to evaluate apple scab epidemiology under conventional and organic production systems , a temporal analysis in Royal Gala and Fuji was used, in the edafo-climatic conditions of the Southern Brazil. The incidence was quantified weekly, generating 16 maps in each system of production. Biweekly, the severity of the disease was evaluated in 100 leaves, distributed in four branches, in accordance with the diagramatic scale of Croxall et al (1952) with 12 repetitions. With the data, curves of disease progress were made and the epidemics compared in relation to: a) the beginning of symptom appearance (BSA); b) the time to reach the maximum disease intensity (TRMDI); c) the maximum value of disease severity (ymax); and d) area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). The incidence data were analyzed by linear regression and adjusted for three empirical models: Logistic, Monomolecular and Gompertz. The cultivars evaluated were susceptible to V. inaequalis, significant differences being detected between cultivars and between production systems. Disease intensity and disease progress rate (r) were higher in the organic than in the conventional system of production. The Logistic epidemiological model was the most appropriate one to describe the disease progress curve.","PeriodicalId":211183,"journal":{"name":"Fitopatologia Brasileira","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121359364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Influência da temperatura e da umidade relativa do ar na esporulação de Magnaporthe grisea em trigo 温度和相对湿度对小麦灰magnaporthe grisea产孢的影响

Fitopatologia Brasileira Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582006000600007

Kalíbia Jane P. Alves, J. M. Fernandes

引用次数: 20