环境科学研究最新文献

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关于渗透通风条件建筑结构对室内PM 2.5 浓度水平影响评价模型探讨 Discussion on the Evaluation Model of the Impact of Building Structure on Indoor PM 2.5 Concentration Level under Permeable Ventilation Conditions
环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-11-25 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.03.17
陈超, 陈紫光, 吴玉琴, 魏绅, 王平
{"title":"关于渗透通风条件建筑结构对室内PM 2.5 浓度水平影响评价模型探讨","authors":"陈超, 陈紫光, 吴玉琴, 魏绅, 王平","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.03.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.03.17","url":null,"abstract":"我国京津冀地区近年频遭大气PM2.5污染侵扰,相关研究表明,既使关闭建筑外窗,大气中PM2.5仍可以通过渗透通风方式进入室内污染环境.为定量评价建筑渗透通风及无室内污染源条件下建筑结构(如外窗缝隙结构、房间建筑结构等)对室内ρ(PM2.5)的影响规律,基于北京市东城区、朝阳区6个不同建筑结构的房间室内外ρ(PM2.5)实时监测数据,重点比较分析了建筑结构对室内外ρ(PM2.5)关联特性的影响规律.此外,根据颗粒物穿透特性及沉降特性机理,提出了反映建筑外窗缝隙结构(如缝高、缝深)的无量纲特征参数AP与反映房间建筑结构(如层高、开间、进深)的无量纲特征参数Ak.在前期提出的室内ρ(PM2.5)预测模型基础上,进一步构建了二者(AP与Ak)对室内ρ(PM2.5)影响的评价模型,并通过实测数据验证了模型的正确性.结果表明:当室外PM2.5污染程度与气象条件一定时,建筑结构对I/O[室内外ρ(PM2.5)之比]影响较大,其范围在0.4~0.7之间;随着建筑外窗气密性等级的提高,对应室内ρ(PM2.5)呈显著的下降趋势.建筑外窗缝隙结构对室内ρ(PM2.5)影响程度远大于房间建筑结构,敏感性分析结果表明,当建筑外窗缝高每降低50%或缝深每提高50%,对应室内ρ(PM2.5)约可下降33.6%与31.9%.研究显示,气密性等级较高的建筑外窗缝隙缝高往往较小、缝深较长,渗透通风条件下对控制室内ρ(PM2.5)水平作用更显著。","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"1761-1768"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47627154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CCSM4/WRF-CMAQ动力降尺度预估RCP8.5情景下京津冀地区空气质量的潜在变化 Potential changes in air quality in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region under the RCP8.5 scenario using CCSM4/WRF-CMAQ dynamic downscaling estimation
环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-11-25 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.03.12
王堃, 师华定, 高佳佳, 王晨龙, 滑申冰, 高庆先
{"title":"CCSM4/WRF-CMAQ动力降尺度预估RCP8.5情景下京津冀地区空气质量的潜在变化","authors":"王堃, 师华定, 高佳佳, 王晨龙, 滑申冰, 高庆先","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.03.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.03.12","url":null,"abstract":"目前,针对气候变化对区域空气质量影响的研究相对较少,并且多采用统计降尺度方法对全球气候模式结果进行处理.采用WRF中尺度气象模式对CCSM4气候模式的CMIP5 RCP8.5情景预估结果进行动力降尺度处理,并为CMAQ空气质量模式提供气象场;在2012年清华大学MEIC大气污染物排放清单的基础上,选取2005年作为气候现状代表年、2049-2051年作为未来气候代表年,对京津冀地区典型月份(1月、4月、7月、10月)的气象及空气质量数值模拟结果进行对比,以此预估气候变化背景下京津冀地区空气质量潜在变化.结果表明,在排放情况不变及RCP8.5情景下,未来代表年与现状代表年相比,京津冀地区以典型月份为代表的年均气象因素整体呈现温度升高,风速、相对湿度及大气边界层高度均降低的趋势;年均大气污染物浓度整体呈现升高的趋势,其中,温度升高约0.8℃,风速降低约0.11 m/s,相对湿度降低约2%,大气边界层高度降低约8 m,ρ(PM2.5)升高约2.4 μg/m3,ρ(SO2)升高约1.8 μg/m3,ρ(NOx)升高约1.0 μg/m3;此外,主要的气象条件(温度、风速、相对湿度、大气边界层高度)中,风速及大气边界层高度的降低可能是造成这些大气污染物浓度变化的主要气象因素,并且风速及大气边界层高度的降低与ρ(PM2.5)降低的相关系数分别约为-0.44和-0.26.研究显示,气候变化会对京津冀地区造成污染物浓度升高的潜在风险,同时由于现阶段缺乏可用于空气质量模式的未来排放情景数据、在线耦合模式日臻完善,在我国气候-空气质量的研究领域亟待进行更深层次的研究.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"1661-1669"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43315625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preparation of Porous Pellets Based on Nano-Zero Valent Iron-Enhanced Fly Ash and Their Application for Crystal Violet Removal 纳米零价铁增强粉煤灰多孔颗粒的制备及其在结晶紫去除中的应用
环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.02.48
Xiaolin Zhang, Teza Mwamulima, Yongmei Wang, S. Hu, Q. Gu, Changsheng Peng
{"title":"Preparation of Porous Pellets Based on Nano-Zero Valent Iron-Enhanced Fly Ash and Their Application for Crystal Violet Removal","authors":"Xiaolin Zhang, Teza Mwamulima, Yongmei Wang, S. Hu, Q. Gu, Changsheng Peng","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.02.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.02.48","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"1295-1302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49436817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Spatial Distribution and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Upstream Xijiang Basin within Nonferrous Metal Accumulation Areas 西江流域上游有色金属堆积区沉积物重金属空间分布及来源分析
环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.02.20
Qucheng Deng, Xiaofei Wang, Juan Yin, C. Deng
{"title":"Spatial Distribution and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Upstream Xijiang Basin within Nonferrous Metal Accumulation Areas","authors":"Qucheng Deng, Xiaofei Wang, Juan Yin, C. Deng","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.02.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.02.20","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate how the development of the non-ferrous metals industry impacted sediment deposition in the upstream Xijiang Basin. Twelve sampling sites were selected on four tributaries in the upstream Xijiang Basin, namely, Diaojiang River, Longjiang River, Rongjiang River, and Liujiang River. Contents of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As, Cr, Ni, Tl, Sb and Hg in sediments were measured in the twelve sampling sites, then correlation, clustering, and lead isotope tracing analyses were used to evaluate the distribution and sources of the measured heavy metals in sediments. The results showed that: (1) the average contents of As, Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu, Tl, Hg, Sb and Cr in sediments were 95.42, 113.09, 4.92, 28.03, 416.51, 27.07, 0.75, 0.31, 34.02 and 57.58 mg/kg, respectively. The river sediments have been seriously polluted by Cd, As, Zn and Pb, moderately polluted by Hg and Sb, and slightly polluted by Cr, Ni, Cu and Tl. (2) From a spatial perspective, the order of pollution degrees of sediments in the four tributaries was Diaojiang, Longjiang, Rongjinag, and Liujiang. (3) Regarding the source of contamination, As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu and Sb in the sediments were related to the mineral exploitation of nonferrous metal accumulation areas in the upstream Xijiang Basin. Ni, Tl, Hg and Cr in sediments mainly came from the natural geological background. The range of Pb/Pb ratio was 1.08 to 1.19 in the sediments. The order of similarity between lead isotope ratio in the sediments of the four tributaries and ore of Dachang and Chehe was Diaojiang, Longjiang, Rongjiang, and Liujiang. Lead isotope tracing analysis further revealed that heavy metals in the sediments of Diaojiang and Longjiang Rivers originated from non-ferrous mining and smelting activities, and those in Rongjiang and Liujiang Rivers were mainly contributed by the geological background in the sites.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"1221-1229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49163954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
锑对土壤跳虫( Folsomia candida )的毒性效应 Toxic effects of antimony on soil fleas (Folsomia candida)
环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-07-25 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.02.12
林祥龙, 孙在金, 陈卫玉, 姚娜, 赵龙, 赵淑婷, 侯红
{"title":"锑对土壤跳虫( Folsomia candida )的毒性效应","authors":"林祥龙, 孙在金, 陈卫玉, 姚娜, 赵龙, 赵淑婷, 侯红","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.02.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.02.12","url":null,"abstract":"为了解Sb(锑)对土壤无脊椎动物的毒性效应及对比不同类型土壤中Sb毒性的差异,选取死亡率、逃避率、繁殖数三组个体水平的评价指标研究了3种典型土壤(海伦黑土、祁阳红壤、北京潮土)中外源添加Sb对模式生物——跳虫(Folsomia candida)的急性毒性和慢性毒性效应.结果表明,基于实测w(Sb总)求得的上述3种土壤中Sb影响跳虫逃避的2 d-EC50(EC50为半数效应浓度)分别为298、>431[高于土壤中最高w(Sb总)]和132 mg/kg;影响跳虫死亡的7 d-LC50(LC50为半数致死浓度)分别为3 352、4 007、2 105 mg/kg;影响跳虫死亡的28 d-LC50分别为2 271、1 865、703 mg/kg,影响跳虫繁殖的28 d-EC50分别为1 799、1 323、307 mg/kg.由上述毒性阈值大小可知,跳虫逃避率的敏感性高于死亡率和繁殖数的敏感性,不同土壤中Sb对跳虫的毒性大小具有显著差异,北京潮土中Sb对跳虫的毒性与海伦黑土、祁阳红壤相比最大差别接近6倍,表明不同土壤理化性质对Sb生态毒性效应具有显著影响.但基于w(Sb水提)求得的上述3种土壤中Sb的毒性阈值差异减小,说明水提态Sb与其毒性具有显著相关性,可以较好地解释不同土壤间Sb毒性的差异.该研究结果可为建立我国土壤中Sb的毒性预测模型及制订Sb的质量标准值提供依据.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"1089-1097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43648046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
紫外光强化Fe(II)-EDTA活化过硫酸盐降解直接耐酸大红4BS 紫外光强化Fe(II)-EDTA活化过硫酸盐降解直接耐酸大红4BS
环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-07-25 DOI: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.02.44
尹汉雄, 唐玉朝, 黄显怀, 薛莉娉, 徐满天, 胡伟, 王涛
{"title":"紫外光强化Fe(II)-EDTA活化过硫酸盐降解直接耐酸大红4BS","authors":"尹汉雄, 唐玉朝, 黄显怀, 薛莉娉, 徐满天, 胡伟, 王涛","doi":"10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.02.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.02.44","url":null,"abstract":"为探索硫酸根自由基对偶氮染料的降解能力,以直接耐酸大红4BS(下称大红4BS)为模拟污染物,通过UV/Fe(Ⅱ)-EDTA/PDS(PDS为过硫酸钠)体系,探讨了初始c(PDS)、Fe(Ⅱ)/EDTA(摩尔比)、无机盐阴离子等对大红4BS降解的影响.结果表明,大红4BS的脱色率随着初始c(PDS)的增加而增大,当c(PDS)超过15 mmol/L时无显著变化.Fe(Ⅱ)/EDTA比在5:1时效果最好,5 min时使0.038 0 mmol/L大红4BS的脱色率达到93.6%.反应符合二级动力学模型.HCO3-、Cl-、NO3-、SO42-等无机盐阴离子表现出明显抑制作用,c(无机盐阴离子)在100 mmol/L条件下,脱色率分别降低66.9%、13.2%、12.1%、9.43%.利用紫外可见光谱,依据其结构与特征吸收的关系,初步推测自由基离子对大红4BS降解的途径:苯环最先遭到破坏,随后偶氮键断裂、萘环开裂.研究显示,UV光可有效强化Fe(Ⅱ)-EDTA活化过硫酸盐形成SO4-·自由基,对偶氮染料具有很好的脱色能力,最佳反应条件[PDS:Fe(Ⅱ):EDTA(摩尔比)为15:5:1]下,大红4BS在10 min时脱色率高达98.1%.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"1105-1111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44695661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
基于OMI数据的长三角地区NO x 排放清单校验 Verification of NO x emission inventory in the Yangtze River Delta region based on OMI data
环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-06-25 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.01
石颖颖, 李莉, 陈勇航, 安静宇, 刘琼, 严茹莎, 黄成
{"title":"基于OMI数据的长三角地区NO x 排放清单校验","authors":"石颖颖, 李莉, 陈勇航, 安静宇, 刘琼, 严茹莎, 黄成","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"近年来伴随着我国经济的持续增长,人为源氮氧化物排放居高不下,导致我国区域大气复合污染日趋严重. NOx排放清单对于大气复合污染研究具有极为重要的意义.为了降低NOx排放清单的不确定性,基于OMI卫星观测的对流层NO2柱浓度资料,结合WRF-CMAQ模型系统,对2014年长三角区域NOx排放清单进行了校验,对于该清单的不确定性进行了初步评估.结果表明,基于长三角地区2014年大气污染物排放清单,利用WRF-CMAQ系统模拟所获得的区域NO2柱浓度平均值(4.66×1015~10.58×1015 mole/cm2)与OMI卫星数据(3.49×1015~11.47×1015 mole/cm2)较为接近,并且相关性较好(平均R=0.65),归一化平均偏差(NMB)在-7.71%~33.52%之间,平均偏差(Bias)在0.06~0.28之间,可以在一定程度上说明2014年长三角区域NOx排放总量基本能够反映区域NO2污染状况.对比分析了OMI卫星遥感资料与CMAQ模型模拟结果,二者NO2柱浓度空间分布情况总体一致,然而,苏南、上海和浙北等工业较发达地区OMI卫星NO2柱浓度低于CMAQ模型模拟值,周边经济欠发达地区OMI卫星数据高于CMAQ模型模拟值,表明空间分布仍有进一步优化的空间.利用近地面卫星观测数据与CMAQ模型模拟结果对比,可得近地层观测ρ(NO2)高于模拟结果,说明仅仅利用地面观测数据验证模型模拟结果存在一定偏差.研究显示,NOx排放清单模型模拟结果在总量和时间变化方面与OMI卫星资料一致,在空间分配方面存在一定偏差.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"825-834"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49469793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
2013—2015年中国PM 2.5 污染状况时空变化 Temporal and Spatial Changes of PM 2.5 Pollution in China from 2013 to 2015
环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-05-25 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.93
李沈鑫, 邹滨, 刘兴权, 方新
{"title":"2013—2015年中国PM 2.5 污染状况时空变化","authors":"李沈鑫, 邹滨, 刘兴权, 方新","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.93","url":null,"abstract":"自2013年我国首次开展全国范围PM2.5近地面监测以来,少有研究从全国空间尺度分析近3年全国PM2.5污染状况时空变化的总体特征,识别PM2.5污染加剧或缓解的空间范围,更缺乏直接对比评估国家大气污染重点防控区内外PM2.5污染特征变化的差异.基于2013—2015年PM2.5监测数据,综合运用时空统计分析与空间插值制图手段,揭示近3年ρ(PM2.5)及不同等级污染天数的时空变化格局,并着重对比分析“三区十群”区域内外ρ(PM2.5)的变化差异.结果表明,2013—2015年,全国持续监测的413个站点中有335个监测站点ρ(PM2.5)年均值下降,其中218个站点实现连续两年年均浓度降低,74个站点ρ(PM2.5)年均值降至符合国家二级标准;全国大部分地区ρ(PM2.5)年超标率由50%以上降至30%以下,重度污染站点占比由88.38%降至73.77%,严重污染站点占比由65.86%降至36.35%;长三角城市群、长株潭城市群、武汉及周边城市群、陕西关中城市群PM2.5污染呈现明显好转趋势;西藏、云贵高原以及海峡西岸城市群、珠三角城市群等沿海地区ρ(PM2.5)一直较低,空气质量相对优良;但与此同时,京津冀城市群、山东半岛城市群及河南中部和北部地区仍是中国PM2.5重污染区域,新疆西南部、合肥、南昌等地区逐渐形成新的PM2.5重污染格局.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"678-687"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47794408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
卫星遥感监测海南地区对流层CO 2 浓度时空变化特征 The spatiotemporal variation characteristics of tropospheric CO 2 concentration in Hainan region monitored by satellite remote sensing
环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-05-25 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.86
张亚杰, 车秀芬, 张京红, 陈升孛
{"title":"卫星遥感监测海南地区对流层CO 2 浓度时空变化特征","authors":"张亚杰, 车秀芬, 张京红, 陈升孛","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.86","url":null,"abstract":"为了探索海南地区对流层CO2浓度[以φ(CO2)计]时空变化特征,采用2002年9月—2012年2月AIRS反演的对流层中层CO2产品,利用北半球全球本底站瓦里关站和飞机观测φ(CO2)对该产品进行验证,结合统计分析方法对海南地区φ(CO2)的月、季、年平均值的时空变化特征进行了研究.结果表明:AIRS反演φ(CO2)与地基和不同纬度带海洋上空飞机观测数据对比均具有很好的一致性,并且与飞机观测验证偏差更小,二者相关系数均在0.9以上,总体月均值偏差小于2×10-6;全国φ(CO2)呈现北高南低的分布规律,并且存在较为明显的分界线,形成4个高值中心(塔克拉玛干沙漠、塔里木盆地、内蒙古西部和东北平原)和2个低值中心(青藏高原西南部和云南地区),海南地区平均φ(CO2)为382.67×10-6,略高于云南低值中心的381.45×10-6;全国φ(CO2)呈现明显逐年增加趋势,其年均增长速率为2.16×10-6,而海南地区亦呈现显著增加趋势,年均增长速率为2.11×10-6,低于全国水平;φ(CO2)呈季节性波动特性,全国φ(CO2)最高值出现在春季,而海南地区为夏季,最低值均出现在秋季;海南地区西部海域、陆地和东部海域上空φ(CO2)年增长速率分别为2.09×10-6、2.14×10-6和2.11×10-6,表明海南陆地上空增速略大于海洋地区,西部和东部海域上空增长速率基本保持一致.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"688-696"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42677807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
制备参数对Mn-Ce/TiO 2 催化剂脱硝性能的影响 制备参数对Mn-Ce/TiO 2 催化剂脱硝性能的影响
环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-03-25 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.38
马腾坤, 房晶瑞, 孟刘邦, 汪澜
{"title":"制备参数对Mn-Ce/TiO 2 催化剂脱硝性能的影响","authors":"马腾坤, 房晶瑞, 孟刘邦, 汪澜","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.38","url":null,"abstract":"以锐钛矿型TiO 2 为载体,采用分步共混法制备了Mn-Ce/TiO 2 催化剂,通过考察不同活性组分前驱体、焙烧温度以及活性组分负载量对催化剂样品脱硝性能的影响,以确定最佳制备参数;结合XRD(X射线衍射)、XPS(X射线光电子能谱分析)、BET比表积等表征手段研究制备参数对催化剂性能的影响.结果表明:无定型态MnO 2 含量越多,越有利于提高催化剂的脱硝活性;催化剂样品表面原子浓度比Mn/Ti[或(Mn+Ce)/Ti]越高,催化剂表面有效活性组分越多,催化剂脱硝活性越好.以自制Mn盐(MX)为前驱体,在Mn-Ce活性组分负载量为16%时,经500℃焙烧的催化剂样品脱硝活性最高;反应空速为10000 h -1 ,反应温度为80℃时,其脱硝效率可达80%,150℃时脱硝效效率可达99%.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"484-490"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42433022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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