环境科学研究最新文献_第6页

FeCl 3 改性钢渣脱除燃煤烟气中Hg 0 的研究 FeCl 3 改性钢渣脱除燃煤烟气中Hg 0 的研究

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-03-25 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.40

杨丽, 石应杰, 张辰, 舒新前, 张玉秀

{"title":"FeCl 3 改性钢渣脱除燃煤烟气中Hg 0 的研究","authors":"杨丽, 石应杰, 张辰, 舒新前, 张玉秀","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.40","url":null,"abstract":"以钢铁厂废弃钢渣为原料，以丙酮溶液为分散剂制备FeCl3改性材料，在固定床吸附评价装置上考察了钢渣在FeCl3改性前后对模拟烟气中Hg脱除效果的影响，并结合吸附试验与微观表征对改性催化剂的脱汞性能进行分析.结果表明：氯是FeCl3改性钢渣吸附剂的主要活性组分，FeCl3的掺入使钢渣的比表面积由1.06 m2/g提高到1.32 m2/g，进而提高吸附剂的汞吸附容量，经FeCl3改性后废弃钢渣对汞的脱除效率比未改性前提升了3.2倍.SO2的存在降低了FeCl3改性钢渣材料的脱汞性能，持续通入的SO2与吸附剂接触占据了部分孔道和表面活性位点，使得对单质汞的吸附效率下降，200℃时含有SO2时的FeCl3改性钢渣吸附剂吸附量比未通入SO2气体的改性材料降低了75.57%；在含有HCl气体的烟气体系中，FeCl3改性钢渣材料对汞的脱除效率从3432.70 ng/g升至10341.10 ng/g，并且随着反应温度的升高零价汞向氧化态汞转化的效率增加.研究显示，SO2的存在降低了FeCl3改性钢渣吸附剂的脱汞性能，而HCl气体有效地促进了FeCl3改性钢渣吸附剂对零价汞（Hg0）的脱除.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"450-456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47937123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

胶质芽孢杆菌( Bacillus mucilaginosus )在餐厨垃圾废水中生长条件优化胶质芽孢杆菌( Bacillus mucilaginosus )在餐厨垃圾废水中生长条件优化

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-03-25 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.50

郭新愿, 王攀, 任连海, 贺艳坤

{"title":"胶质芽孢杆菌( Bacillus mucilaginosus )在餐厨垃圾废水中生长条件优化","authors":"郭新愿, 王攀, 任连海, 贺艳坤","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.50","url":null,"abstract":"为了探讨餐厨垃圾废水用作发酵基质生产液态解钾菌肥的可行性，选用胶质芽孢杆菌（ Bacillus mucilaginosus ）作为试验菌种，采用正交和单因素方法对相关生长因素进行了优化.结果表明，在餐厨垃圾废水中培养胶质芽孢杆菌经过3 d的调整期后进入对数生长期，6~7 d时活菌数达到最大，Ⅰ类废水活菌数为1.55×10 10 CFU/mL，Ⅱ类废水活菌数为6.60×10 10 CFU/mL.以Ⅱ类废水为基质进行正交试验确定的较优培养条件为pH=7、温度30℃、摇床转速160 r/min、接种量2.0%（V/V）.废水的pH和盐分对胶质芽孢杆菌的生长代谢影响极为显著：最适初始pH为7（活菌数为3.80×10 10 CFU/mL和9.20×10 10 CFU/mL）；随着 ρ （NaCl）的增加，活菌数先升高后快速降低，最适 ρ （NaCl）为4 g/L.Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类废水的最佳接种量分别为1.5%（活菌数为1.60×10 10 CFU/mL）和2.0%（活菌数为6.40×10 10 CFU/mL）.研究显示，胶质芽孢杆菌在餐厨垃圾废水中经过培养后可达到GB 20287-2006《农用微生物菌剂》中液态菌肥的活菌数（2.0×10 8 CFU/mL），经湿热处理后的Ⅱ类废水对胶质芽孢杆菌的生长有明显的促进作用.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"464-470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44206013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

蒽醌-2-磺酸盐强化电辅助微生物体系对偶氮染料的脱色效果 The decolorization effect of anthraquinone 2 sulfonate enhanced electro assisted microbial system on azo dyes

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-03-25 DOI: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.01.69

张明慧, 曹占平, 李松松

引用次数: 0

温度对合成钛酸盐纳米材料的影响及其对水中Cd(II)的去除效果温度对合成钛酸盐纳米材料的影响及其对水中Cd(II)的去除效果

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-02-25 DOI: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.01.20

贺充恺, 杨刚, 汪国庆, 陈歌, 姜宏

{"title":"温度对合成钛酸盐纳米材料的影响及其对水中Cd(II)的去除效果","authors":"贺充恺, 杨刚, 汪国庆, 陈歌, 姜宏","doi":"10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.01.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.01.20","url":null,"abstract":"为有效去除水中Cd（Ⅱ），以TiO2纳米粉和NaOH为原料，调节水热反应温度分别为100、120、150和190℃，制备出了不同形貌的TNs（钛酸盐纳米材料），分别记为TNs-100、TNs-120、TNs-150和TNs-190，并对其形貌、结构、比表面积、化学组成等物理化学性能进行了表征；通过对水中Cd（Ⅱ）的静态吸附试验，考察了TNs对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附性能.结果表明：随着合成温度的升高，TNs的形貌逐渐从纳米片演变成纳米管，管长逐渐变长，最后变成纳米棒.TNs-100的晶型结构主要是锐钛矿型；随着温度升高，结晶度逐渐增强；TNs-190出现了部分金红石相.TNs-150对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附能力最强，最大平衡吸附量为254.66 mg/g，最佳吸附pH为5.0.再生的TNs-150对Cd（Ⅱ）循环吸附6次的去除率和解吸率均可达93%以上.TNs-150对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附过程符合准二阶动力学方程和Langmuir吸附等温模型，吸附机制主要是TNs层间Na+和H+与溶液中Cd（Ⅱ）的离子交换.研究显示，TNs的饱和吸附量均高于同类吸附剂，能有效去除水中Cd（Ⅱ）.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"306-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48278330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

2014年冬季珠三角区域典型城市PM 2.5 污染时空关联特征 2014年冬季珠三角区域典型城市PM 2.5 污染时空关联特征

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-01-25 DOI: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.01.13

詹鹃铭, 刘永红, 林琳, 丁卉, 徐伟嘉

{"title":"2014年冬季珠三角区域典型城市PM 2.5 污染时空关联特征","authors":"詹鹃铭, 刘永红, 林琳, 丁卉, 徐伟嘉","doi":"10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.01.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.01.13","url":null,"abstract":"为探讨冬季珠江三角洲（下称珠三角）区域污染物的空间传输延迟性及其与气象、地理的关联性，利用2014年12月1日-2015年1月9日天气图、珠三角区域4个典型城市——韶关、广州、深圳、香港的地面气象数据及ρ（PM2.5），采用时间序列、相关性分析等方法，分析了2014年冬季各城市大气ρ（PM2.5）变化关联特征以及受天气过程的影响.结果表明：在研究时段内，受11次冷空气南下和3次西南暖湿气流控制的典型天气过程影响，4个典型城市的ρ（PM2.5）小时均值、日均值的时间序列变化趋势具有一致性，并且4个城市间的ρ（PM2.5）相关性均呈现深圳与香港>广州与深圳>韶关与广州的现象.在冷空气南下的典型天气过程中，4个城市ρ（PM2.5）小时均值存在显著相关，其中，韶关与广州的相关系数为0.84，广州与深圳的相关系数为0.80，深圳与香港的相关系数为0.92；4个城市间ρ（PM2.5）变化存在一定的滞后现象，其中，广州较韶关延迟4 h，深圳较广州延迟3 h，香港较深圳延迟1 h；而在西南暖湿气流控制的典型天气过程中，4个城市间ρ（PM2.5）变化的关联特征不明显.研究显示，冬季珠三角区域污染物在典型冷空气南下过程中存在较明显的空间传输延迟特征，并且各典型城市间浓度变化相关性较显著.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"110-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41867540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

香港港口近地面O 3 与氮氧化物浓度变化的多重分形特征 Multifractal characteristics of changes in surface O 3 and nitrogen oxide concentrations near Hong Kong ports

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-01-25 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.14

乔中霞, 何红弟, 杨斌, 邢小虎

{"title":"香港港口近地面O 3 与氮氧化物浓度变化的多重分形特征","authors":"乔中霞, 何红弟, 杨斌, 邢小虎","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.14","url":null,"abstract":"以2012年3月-2014年2月香港葵涌港口大气ρ（O3）、ρ（NO2）和ρ（NOx）的小时均值为研究对象，运用多重分形去趋势互相关分析法，对香港港口近地面ρ（O3）与ρ（NO2）和ρ（NOx）相互作用的多重分形特征进行研究.结果表明：香港港口O3 vs NO2[ρ（O3）vs ρ（NO2），下同]的h（2）（广义Hurst指数）为0.80，O3 vs NOx[ρ（O3）vs ρ（NOx），下同]的h（2）为0.79，二者的h（2）均大于0.5，表明ρ（O3）与ρ（NO2）、ρ（NOx）间均存在显著的长程交叉相关性.港口ρ（O3）与ρ（NO2）、ρ（NOx）相互关系的多重分形特性在日际和季节上存在显著差异，其中夜晚的O3 vs NO2的Δα（分形强度指数）为0.92，O3 vs NOx的Δα为0.81，而白天二者的Δα分别为0.59和0.43，说明夜晚的多重分形特征明显强于白天；Δα为春季>夏季>秋冬，表明多重分形程度在春季最强，夏季次之，秋冬季最弱，可能与港口特殊的地理位置和气候条件有关.研究显示，在构建港口ρ（O3）的预测模型时，需要考虑不同的时间尺度、不同气象条件下ρ（O3）与ρ（NO2）、ρ（NOx）相关性的多重分形特征的差异性.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"17 10","pages":"121-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41265308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

西安市道路PM 2.5 NO 2 CO水平浓度分布特征 Distribution characteristics of PM 2.5, NO 2, CO levels and concentrations on roads in Xi'an City

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2017-01-25 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.15

沈敏霞, 曹军骥, 张宁宁, 王轩, 刘随心

{"title":"西安市道路PM 2.5 NO 2 CO水平浓度分布特征","authors":"沈敏霞, 曹军骥, 张宁宁, 王轩, 刘随心","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2017.01.15","url":null,"abstract":"为获得西安市道路PM2.5、NO2和CO的水平浓度分布特征，选取小寨和秦岭环山路作为西安市城区道路和郊区道路的代表，采用水平分布的监测方法获得了每条道路距离道路边缘0、15和50 m处的ρ（PM2.5）、ρ（NO2）和ρ（CO）.结果表明：与秦岭环山路（下称秦岭）相比，城区观测点小寨的ρ（PM2.5）、ρ（NO2）和ρ（CO）分别为（88±50）（78.6±29.8）μg/m3和（1.5±0.3）mg/m3，均高于秦岭三者的质量浓度[分别为（55±23）（47.9±19.8）μg/m3和（1.4±0.1）mg/m3].在空间分布上，ρ（PM2.5）、ρ（NO2）、ρ（CO）水平梯度分布明显.与距离道路边缘0 m处相比，小寨ρ（PM2.5）在距离道路边缘15和50 m处分别减少了6.48%、7.96%，秦岭减少了5.45%、9.09%；小寨ρ（NO2）在15和50 m处分别减少了8.57%、14.29%，秦岭减少了15.45%、24.89%；在距离道路边缘50 m处小寨ρ（CO）减少了25.00%，而秦岭在距离道路边缘15和50 m处分别减少了25.00%、41.67%.研究显示，来自于机动车排放的PM2.5、NO2和CO在道路两侧有明显的距离效应，并且郊区观测点水平递减更明显.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"30 1","pages":"130-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43057923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation of the transport of negative ions in air ventilation ducts and validation by experimentation 负离子在通风管道中的输运模拟及实验验证

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2016.12.21

Yi Yang, Pei Zhou, A. Lai

引用次数: 0

棕色碳气溶胶来源、性质、测量与排放估算棕色碳气溶胶来源、性质、测量与排放估算

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2015.12.01

支国瑞, 蔡竟, 杨俊超, 陈颖军, 张玮琦, 程苗苗, 孙建中

{"title":"棕色碳气溶胶来源、性质、测量与排放估算","authors":"支国瑞, 蔡竟, 杨俊超, 陈颖军, 张玮琦, 程苗苗, 孙建中","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2015.12.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2015.12.01","url":null,"abstract":"随着对碳气溶胶吸光性认识的提高,近年来吸光有机碳——BrC（brown carbon,棕色碳）的吸光问题成为继BC（black carbon,黑碳）之后国际大气环境领域的新热点.基于已有的研究报道,将BrC大体分为焦油类物质、类腐殖质（HULIS）和其他吸光性有机气溶胶三大类,其来源包括一次排放和二次生成2种.由于BrC缺少BC所具有的类石墨烯结构,致使颗粒间较为分散,加之含氧官能团比重较高,因而在水及有机溶剂中均有较强的可溶性.BrC的光学性质通常借助AAE（ngstrm吸收波长指数）、MAE（质量吸收效率）、RI（折射率）及SSA（单次散射反照率）来表示,其中由于BrC分子结构中缺少sp2杂化成分,形成了区别于BC的典型特征,即AAE〉1（而对于BC,其AAE=1））.虽然已有借助于光学法、热光法、化学法和质谱法进行BrC测定的报道,但目前没有公认的标准测定方法和参考物质,测定结果实际依赖于选定的测定方式.在排放估算研究方面,BrC远落后于BC,致使有些排放估算方法多以相伴的BC排放量作为参照.建议今后对BrC研究应主要面向气候影响、生成机理、测定方法、排放因子与控制策略等领域来展开.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"28 1","pages":"1797-1814"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66255349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Induction Mechanism of Genistein on Vtg mRNA in Male Zebrafish( Danio rerio) 染料木素诱导雄性斑马鱼Vtg mRNA表达的机制

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2015.01.06

De-yuan Wang, Jie Chen, Wen Wang, S. Ru

{"title":"Induction Mechanism of Genistein on Vtg mRNA in Male Zebrafish( Danio rerio)","authors":"De-yuan Wang, Jie Chen, Wen Wang, S. Ru","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2015.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2015.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"Fish species are being threaten by the high concentration of genistein in water bodies. It is urgent to explore the estrogenic effects and the mechanisms of genistein for aquaculture development and fishery resources protection. Mature individuals of male zebrafish were exposed to a range of concentrations of genistein( 1,10,100,1000 μg/L) for 28 days. The study was performed using real-time PCR as a readout to quantify the change in vitellogenin( Vtg-1) mRNA levels. ERα and ERβ1 mRNA levels were then quantified by realtime PCR to explore the action mechanism of genistein. Meanwhile,radioimmunoassay was used to detect the change of E2( 17β-estradiol)and testosterone levels in gonad of male individuals. The results showed that exposures to 10-1000 μg/L genistein led to dose-dependent increase in Vtg-1 mRNA. The transcriptions of ERβ1 mRNA were significantly stimulated,while the transcriptions of ERα mRNA were significantly inhibited when exposed to 1-1000 μg/L genistein. In addition,genistein treatments enhanced the levels of E2 and reduced the testosterone levels. The results suggest that genistein may enhance the synthesis of Vtg through increasing endogenous E2 and ERβ1 levels and thus improve the mediation of ERβ1 for endogenous E2.","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66255272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1