Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Predictors of incident diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review of longitudinal studies in patients with diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Sher Mein Chew, Sanchi Dua Avinashi, Kavita Venkataraman","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09973-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11154-025-09973-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a debilitating complication of diabetes, with limited treatment options. This systematic review consolidates longitudinal studies on the development of DPN, identifying key predictors to inform clinical interventions for DPN prevention. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies on DPN published before March 2024. Longitudinal studies involving populations with diabetes and investigating sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and clinical predictors of DPN were included. Studies with missing data or high risk of bias were excluded. Predictors of DPN were extracted from included studies and recorded in an Excel file. Weighted mean differences (continuous variables) and relative risks (dichotomous variables) were calculated to assess predictors' significance. Twenty-seven studies analyzing 21 predictors were included. The median sample size and follow-up time were 985 and 72 months respectively. Age, HbA1c, BMI, diabetes duration, and systolic blood pressure were strong positive predictors of incident DPN, highlighting the role of glycemic control, weight management, and blood pressure optimization in reducing DPN risk. Modest associations were found for fasting plasma glucose, smoking, height, weight, waist circumference, sex, use of antihyperlipidemia drugs, and retinopathy. A subgroup analysis demonstrated that these findings were relevant to both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Despite the heterogeneity observed in DPN diagnostic criteria and measurements of predictors across studies, several potentially modifiable risk factors for DPN were identified. These findings can help healthcare providers identify high-risk individuals and implement appropriate preventive measures targeting these factors for reducing the risk of DPN development.</p>","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"659-677"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer screening in patients with acromegaly: a plea for a personalized approach and international registries.","authors":"Luigi Demarchis, Sabrina Chiloiro, Antonella Giampietro, Laura De Marinis, Antonio Bianchi, Maria Fleseriu, Alfredo Pontecorvi","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09957-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11154-025-09957-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acromegaly is a rare condition, and often diagnosis is delayed by several years, for most patients. Acromegaly is characterized by short and long-term respiratory, cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities, with possible impact on mortality. In the last two decades, life expectancy has progressively increased in part due to a reduction in biochemically active disease, multidisciplinary treatment approaches and a reduction in complications, and the availability of new drugs. Of note, a leading cause of mortality, cardiovascular comorbidity, has been replaced by cancer(s). As such, neoplasms more frequently observed (colon, thyroid, breast, prostate, and stomach) in patients with acromegaly are receiving increased attention. Chronic exposure to increased growth hormone serum levels may contribute to an increase in the occurrence and progression of cancers. Various efforts have been made to determine the pathogenetic mechanisms involved. However, there are no clear medical-related societal agreement(s) in relation to screening methods or timing regarding neoplasm(s) diagnosis in patients with acromegaly. Additionally, independent and dependent risk factor data in patients with acromegaly is lacking. International/national registries could help lay the groundwork to better study the impact of cancer(s) in patients with acromegaly and subsequently lead to and validate the most appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic path forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"525-538"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12316805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypopituitarism in non-neuroendocrine pituitary tumors: a systematic review.","authors":"Fernando Guerrero-Pérez, Natalia Vega Rojas, Pedro Iglesias","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09969-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11154-025-09969-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The existing evidence on pituitary function impairment in non-neuroendocrine pituitary tumors (non-PitNETs) is limited and scattered. We performed a systematic review using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane of all reported studies that evaluated pituitary function in craniopharyngiomas, meningiomas, germinomas, pituitary lymphomas, pituicytomas, granular cell tumors, spindle cell oncocytomas, and pituitary metastases over the past 35 years. A total of 5,614 patients from 114 studies were analyzed. The weighted mean age was 35.01 ± 2.7 years (95% CI: 34.9-35.1) and 47.5 ± 14.1% (95% CI: 47.1-47.8) were women. The overall weighted proportion of hypopituitarism was 49.1 ± 24.2% (95% CI: 48.4-49.7) and arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVD) was 18.43 ± 16.6% (95% CI: 17.9-18.9). According to tumor type, prevalence of hypopituitarism was 67.3 ± 8.1% (95% CI: 66.5-68.9) for germinomas, 61.4 ± 20.8% (95% CI: 58.8-64.1) for metastases, 58.7 ± 22.2% (95% CI: 46.2-71.3) for lymphomas, 54.4 ± 30.8% (95% CI: 45.6-63.3) for pituicytomas, 53.8 ± 12.3% (95% CI: 47.5-59.8) for oncocytomas, 49.1 ± 17.2% (95% CI: 48.6-49.6) for craniopharyngiomas, 29.7 ± 16.6% (95% CI: 22.4-36.9) for granular cell tumors, and 11.5 ± 9.1% (95% CI: 10.8-12.3) for meningiomas. When comparing the most prevalent non-PitNETs, the weighted prevalence of hypopituitarism was higher in metastases compared to craniopharyngiomas (χ2 = 696.8, df = 1), p < 0.0001. Similarly, the weighted prevalence of hypopituitarism in craniopharyngiomas was higher compared to meningiomas (χ2 = 16,278.13, df = 1), p < 0.0001. In conclusion, non-PitNETs result in hypopituitarism in approximately half of the cases and AVD in nearly one-fifth. Pituitary metastases and craniopharyngiomas demonstrate greater local aggressiveness and a higher likelihood of disrupting hypothalamic-pituitary function compared to meningiomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"641-657"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of cushing's syndrome in patients with adrenocortical cancer: state of the art and future perspectives.","authors":"Valentina Guarnotta, Antonio Stigliano, Massimo Terzolo, Giorgio Arnaldi","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09989-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09989-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adrenocortical cancers (ACCs) are rare tumours, with up to 50% of cases associated with hypercortisolism. Cortisol-secreting ACCs are characterized by a worse prognosis, and in these patients, the normalization of hypercortisolism is mandatory and requires an urgent approach to avoid complications related to glucocorticoid excess. Clinical and biochemical parameters, including hormonal values, can be used to define cortisol normalization. However, in patients on concomitant mitotane treatment, serum cortisol and ACTH levels may be falsely altered and thus unreliable for defining cortisol normalization. Adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors, alone or in combination, are the first-line treatment for severe hypercortisolism in ACC due to their rapid action, efficacy, and safety profile. Mitotane is the cornerstone of ACC treatment in both adjuvant and advanced settings. Similarly, glucocorticoid receptor antagonists also have a rapid onset of action, but their use is limited by challenges in monitoring efficacy and safety. This review aims to address the critical aspects of managing cortisol-secreting ACC, including the definition of hypercortisolism control, current therapeutic approaches and future perspectives for ACC, with a focus to the potential role of immune checkpoint inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144744551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in gestational diabetes prevalence in China from 1990 to 2024: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Xiaodong Wu, Henning Tiemeier, Tingting Xu","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09987-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09987-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the 34-year trends in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence in China, analyzing diagnostic shifts, regional variations, and urban-rural disparities. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar, WanFang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure was conducted, ultimately including 1,105 articles after screening and data extraction. The study used multilevel meta-analysis to calculate pooled GDM prevalence and meta-regression to estimate trends and identify sources of heterogeneity. The results show that GDM prevalence based on the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria was 2 to 3 times higher (15.6%, [95% CI 14.9-16.2%]) in pregnant women post-2010, compared to other criteria (e.g., World Health Organization: 7.1%, [95%CI 4.1-10.0%]). A consistent upward trend in GDM prevalence was observed across all criteria except for ADA/C&C samples. Notably, the urban-rural gap in GDM prevalence is narrowing, with rural areas experiencing a faster increase in GDM rates (rural: 0.90% per year, urban: 0.60% per year). Additionally, regional differences are becoming less pronounced. The study highlights the significant and rapid rise in GDM prevalence in China over the past 34 years, with a notable shift in regional patterns. The narrowing of the urban-rural disparity and the diminishing regional differences underscore the need for unified national guidelines and targeted healthcare strategies to address the growing prevalence of GDM across diverse populations.Protocol registration.Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019135521.</p>","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endocrine and metabolic consequences of childhood-onset craniopharyngioma during the transition age: A literature review by the TALENT study group.","authors":"Dario De Alcubierre, Tiziana Feola, Giulia Puliani, Rosario Ferrigno, Maria Elisa Amodeo, Francesco d'Aniello, Rosa Pirchio, Valentina Sada, Carla Pandozzi, Franz Sesti, Daniele Gianfrilli, Andrea M Isidori, Ashley B Grossman, Emilia Sbardella","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09972-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09972-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Craniopharyngiomas are frequently diagnosed during childhood and adolescence, crucial periods for physical and psychosocial development. Despite improvements in survival rates, patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma face a wide array of lifelong complications, which emerge or worsen during adolescence, complicating the transition to adult care. Nevertheless, the transition age (15-25 years) remains an understudied phase in clinical practice. This narrative review synthesises current literature on the endocrine, neurocognitive, and metabolic consequences of transition-age childhood-onset craniopharyngiomas, providing a practical clinical approach to their diagnosis and management, along with an overview of emerging treatment strategies. Childhood-onset craniopharyngiomas are frequently associated with pituitary hormone deficiencies, which typically worsen post-treatment. While replacement protocols largely mirror those for adult patients, particular emphasis should be placed on patient education and optimal timing of treatment, especially regarding puberty induction and growth hormone replacement. Emerging therapies, such as long-acting growth hormone and modified-release hydrocortisone, should be considered to improve compliance. Hypothalamic dysfunction, both pre- and post-treatment, can lead to obesity, sleep disorders, and cognitive impairment. GLP-1 receptor agonists and melanocortin receptor agonists have recently shown promise in managing hypothalamic obesity. Sleep disturbances and cognitive impairment, often overlooked in clinical practice, should be systematically assessed in patients with hypothalamic involvement. Cardiovascular and bone health complications should be proactively addressed to improve long-term outcomes. Childhood-onset craniopharyngioma survivors require multidisciplinary care, particularly during the transition to adulthood. Timely endocrine management, individualised treatment strategies, and emerging targeted therapies are crucial for optimising quality of life and metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body mass index and body composition changes in transgender people undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ísis Gois, Felipe Behrends Rodrigues, Marcos Pereira, Magnus R Dias-da-Silva, Sávio Marcelino Gomes","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09985-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09985-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) uses sex steroid hormones to induce desired physical changes, improving the quality of life of transgender individuals. While generally considered safe, its effects on body composition and adipose tissue remain a topic of debate. The aim of this review was to verify whether GAHT is associated with weight gain and body composition in transgender individuals. This is a systematic review with meta-analysis (April-September 2022, updated March 2025) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, including cohort, case‒control, and clinical trial studies from four databases. The outcomes analyzed included body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF), lean mass (LM), and waist circumference (WC). Among the 1,896 identified studies, 29 were included in the systematic review, and 28 were included in the meta-analysis. GAHT increased BMI in assigned male at birth (AMAB) individuals (0.55 kg/m², 95% CI: 0.14-0.97) and assigned female at birth (AFAB) individuals (0.92 kg/m², 95% CI: 0.55-1.29). The AMAB participants presented a reduction in LM (-1.81 kg, 95% CI: -3.15, -0.47) and an increase in BF (4.27 kg, 95% CI: 3.15-5.39), whereas the AFAB individuals presented an increase in LM (4.98 kg, 95% CI: 4.06-5.91) and a decrease in BF (-2.13 kg, 95% CI: -3.52, -0.75). No significant changes in WC were observed in either group. According to the GRADE assessment, the certainty of evidence was moderate for BMI and low to very low for changes in waist circumference, lean mass, and fat mass. GAHT is associated with increased BMI and body composition changes. These alterations align with the expected outcomes for transgender individuals and do not appear to be directly linked to cardiovascular risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperphagia in rare melanocortin-4 receptor pathway diseases: therapeutic options and assessing treatment response.","authors":"Jesús Argente, Karine Clément, Jessica Duis, I Sadaf Farooqi, Peter Kühnen, Jennifer L Miller, Christian L Roth, Erica van den Akker","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09984-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09984-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperphagia is a hallmark of both congenital and acquired rare melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) pathway diseases. Currently, the medical community has no standard treatment guidelines or approach to establishing treatment benefit. This narrative review discusses current understandings of the pathophysiology, burden, and treatment of hyperphagia and summarizes findings from a systematic literature review of validated instruments for assessing the response to hyperphagia treatment. Hyperphagia can result from dysfunction within, or damage impacting, hypothalamic pathways including the MC4R pathway, a key regulator of energy balance. The burden of hyperphagia is substantial, with negative effects experienced across physiologic, emotional, and social domains. Approaches for hyperphagia management include environmental control, lifestyle intervention, pharmacotherapy, neurocognitive approaches, and neurostimulation. There are varied approaches to determine treatment response; however, standard methodology has not been determined and largely relies on questionnaires. Studies of rare MC4R pathway diseases have improved understanding of the etiology of hyperphagia and established the need for indication-specific treatment. Targeted treatments are limited, and methods for determining treatment efficacy are varied. There is a need for consensus guidelines to establish a standard approach for the management of hyperphagia and related assessment of treatment response to improve patient morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted therapeutic strategies as alternative and sustainable treatment options for obesity-induced steatohepatitis.","authors":"Thendo I Mabuda, Nicole R S Sibuyi, Adewale O Fadaka, Mervin Meyer, Abram M Madiehe, Kwazikwakhe B Gabuza","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09980-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09980-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BBSome: An essential component of hypothalamic regulation of energy homeostasis.","authors":"Deng Fu Guo, Yuying Zhao, Connor Laule, Kamal Rahmouni","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09979-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09979-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The BBSome is a protein complex composed of eight Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins. Although the BBSome is best known for its role in regulating cilia function, accumulating evidence indicates that this protein complex is also involved in various cellular processes, including mitochondrial dynamics and receptor trafficking to the plasma membrane. BBSome deficiency is associated with a range of diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Research into the mechanisms underlying metabolic disorders caused by BBSome deficiency has uncovered novel pathways of metabolic regulation, particularly within the hypothalamus. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the role of the hypothalamic BBSome in the control of energy and glucose homeostasis and explore the underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}