Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders最新文献

The differential diagnosis of adrenocortical tumors: systematic review of Ki-67 and IGF2 and meta-analysis of Ki-67.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09945-w

Sofia B Oliveira, Mariana Q Machado, Diana Sousa, Sofia S Pereira, Duarte Pignatelli

{"title":"The differential diagnosis of adrenocortical tumors: systematic review of Ki-67 and IGF2 and meta-analysis of Ki-67.","authors":"Sofia B Oliveira, Mariana Q Machado, Diana Sousa, Sofia S Pereira, Duarte Pignatelli","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09945-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09945-w","url":null,"abstract":"Distinguishing benign from malignant adrenocortical tumors (ACT) is not always easy, particularly for tumors with unclear malignant potential based on the histopathological features comprised of the Weiss score. Previous studies reported the potential utility of immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers to recognize malignancy, in particular the Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and the proliferation marker, Ki-67. However, this information was not compiled before. Therefore, this review aimed to collect the evidence on the potential diagnosis utility of IGF2 and Ki-67 IHC staining. Additionally, a meta-analysis was performed to assess the Ki-67 accuracy to identify adrenocortical carcinoma. The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. From the 26 articles included in the systematic review, 21 articles provided individual data for IGF2 (n = 2) or for Ki-67 (n = 19), while 5 studies assessed both markers. IGF2 staining was positive in most carcinomas, in contrast to adenomas. However, the different immunostaining evaluation methods adopted among the studies impeded to perform a meta-analysis to assess IGF2 diagnostic accuracy. In contrast, for the most commonly used cut-off value of 5% stained cells, Ki-67 showed pooled specificity, sensitivity and log diagnostic odds ratio of 0.98 (95% CI 0.95 to 0.99), 0.82 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.92) and 4.26 (95% CI 3.40 to 5.12), respectively. At the 5% cut-off, Ki-67 demonstrated an excellent specificity to recognize malignant ACT. However. the moderate sensitivity observed indicates the need for further studies exploring alternative threshold values. Additionally, more studies using similar approaches are needed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of IGF2.Registration code in PROSPERO: CRD42022370389.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth hormone-releasing hormone signaling and manifestations within the cardiovascular system.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09939-0

Raul A Dulce, Konstantinos E Hatzistergos, Rosemeire M Kanashiro-Takeuchi, Lauro M Takeuchi, Wayne Balkan, Joshua M Hare

{"title":"Growth hormone-releasing hormone signaling and manifestations within the cardiovascular system.","authors":"Raul A Dulce, Konstantinos E Hatzistergos, Rosemeire M Kanashiro-Takeuchi, Lauro M Takeuchi, Wayne Balkan, Joshua M Hare","doi":"10.1007/s11154-024-09939-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-024-09939-0","url":null,"abstract":"Growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH), a hypothalamic peptide initially characterized for its role in GH regulation, has gained increasing attention due to its GH-independent action on peripheral physiology, including that of the cardiovascular system. While its effects on the peripheral vasculature are still under investigation, GHRH and synthetic agonists have exhibited remarkable receptor-mediated cardioprotective properties in preclinical models. GHRH and its analogs enhance myocardial function by improving contractility, reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and offsetting pathological remodeling. Studies performed in small and large animal models have demonstrated the efficacy of these compounds in diverse cardiomyopathies, suggesting their potential as promising therapeutic agents. However, the clinical translation of GHRH synthetic analogs still faces challenges related to the route of administration and potential side effects mainly associated with activation of the GH/IGF-I axis. Despite these hurdles, the compelling evidence supporting their role in cardiac repair makes GHRH analogs attractive candidates for clinical testing in the treatment of various cardiac diseases.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the relationship between glycemic variability and muscle dysfunction in adults with diabetes: A systematic review.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09942-z

Shanshan Lin, Sof Andrikopoulos, Yan-Chuan Shi, David Sibbritt, Wenbo Peng

{"title":"Exploring the relationship between glycemic variability and muscle dysfunction in adults with diabetes: A systematic review.","authors":"Shanshan Lin, Sof Andrikopoulos, Yan-Chuan Shi, David Sibbritt, Wenbo Peng","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09942-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09942-z","url":null,"abstract":"This review is to systematically explore the relationship between muscle dysfunction and diabetes in adults, and to examine the impact of glycemic variability on muscle health and the development of diabetes-related complications. The review was conducted using three databases: MEDLINE, Scopus, and EMBASE, targeting peer-reviewed journal articles written in English and published from January 2014 to September 2024. The methodological quality assessment of the eligible studies was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists. A total of 17 studies were included. Most studies were undertaken in Asian countries (n = 11) and focused on adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 12). There were 8,392 adults with diabetes, and their mean age ranged from 52 to 75 years old. The measurements for muscle function and glycemic variability varied across studies. The research findings regarding the relationship between muscle dysfunction and glycemic variability metrics among adults with diabetes, both with and without complications were inconsistent. For adults with diabetes and sarcopenic obesity, poor glycemic control was identified as an independent risk factor for sarcopenic obesity. Additionally, all included studies were rated as moderate or high quality in relation to their methodology. In conclusion, this review underscores the complex and inconsistent relationship between glycemic variability and muscle dysfunction in older adults with diabetes. Poor glycemic management is a significant risk factor for sarcopenic obesity, highlighting the need for tailored interventions to improve glycemic control and muscle health in this population.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pituitary adenomas: biology, nomenclature and clinical classification.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09944-x

Ken K Y Ho, Shlomo Melmed

{"title":"Pituitary adenomas: biology, nomenclature and clinical classification.","authors":"Ken K Y Ho, Shlomo Melmed","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09944-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09944-x","url":null,"abstract":"An 'adenoma' is a benign neoplasm composed of epithelial tissue, and has been standard nomenclature for primary pituitary neoplasms. In 2022, the fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Endocrine Tumours and of Central Nervous System Tumours, renamed pituitary adenomas as neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), assigning an oncology label to pituitary invariably benign neoplasms. Multidisciplinary workshops convened by the Pituitary Society have questioned the process, validity, and merit of this arbitrary change, while addressing the adverse clinical implications of the proposed new nomenclature. Unlike NETs, pituitary adenomas are highly prevalent, indolent and very rarely become malignant, and in general do not affect life expectancy when appropriately managed. A nomenclature change to NET does not advance mechanistic insight, treatment or prognosis but confers a misleading oncology connotation, potentially leading to overtreatment as well as engendering unnecessary patient anxiety. As the majority of pituitary adenomas do not require surgery, exclusion of these disorders is a major shortcoming of the pathology-based WHO classification system which is limited to patients undergoing surgery. Many factors influence prognosis other than histopathology. A new clinical classical classification has been developed for guiding prognosis and therapy of pituitary adenomas by integrating clinical, genetic, biochemical, radiological, pathological, and molecular information for all adenomas arising from anterior pituitary cell lineages. The system uses an evidence-based scoring of risk factors to yield a cumulative grade score that reflects disease severity. It can be used at the bedside to guide pituitary adenoma management. Once validated in prospective studies, this simple classification system could provide a standardised platform for assessing disease severity, prognosis, and effects of therapy on pituitary adenoma outcomes.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143041071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Poor muscle quality: A hidden and detrimental health condition in obesity. 肌肉质量差：肥胖中隐藏的有害健康状况。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09941-0

Flavio T Vieira, Yuanjun Cai, M Cristina Gonzalez, Bret H Goodpaster, Carla M Prado, Andrea M Haqq

{"title":"Poor muscle quality: A hidden and detrimental health condition in obesity.","authors":"Flavio T Vieira, Yuanjun Cai, M Cristina Gonzalez, Bret H Goodpaster, Carla M Prado, Andrea M Haqq","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09941-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09941-0","url":null,"abstract":"Poor muscle quality (MQ) is a hidden health condition in obesity, commonly disregarded and underdiagnosed, associated with poor health-related outcomes. This narrative review provides an in-depth exploration of MQ in obesity, including definitions, available assessment methods and challenges, pathophysiology, association with health outcomes, and potential interventions. MQ is a broad term that can include imaging, histological, functional, or metabolic assessments, evaluating beyond muscle quantity. MQ assessment is highly heterogeneous and requires further standardization. Common definitions of MQ include 1) muscle-specific strength (or functional MQ), the ratio between muscle strength and muscle quantity, and 2) muscle composition (or morphological MQ), mainly evaluating muscle fat infiltration. An individual with obesity might still have normal or higher muscle quantity despite having poor MQ, and techniques for direct measurements are needed. However, the use of body composition and physical function assessments is still limited in clinical practice. Thus, more accessible techniques for assessing strength, muscle mass, and composition should be further explored. Obesity leads to adipocyte dysfunction, generating a low-grade chronic inflammatory state, which leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Adipocyte and mitochondrial dysfunction result in metabolic dysfunction manifesting clinically as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and fat infiltration into organs such as muscle, which in excess is termed myosteatosis. Myosteatosis decreases muscle cell function and insulin sensitivity, creating a vicious cycle of inflammation and metabolic derangements. Myosteatosis increases the risk of poor muscle function, systemic metabolic complications, and mortality, presenting prognostic potential. Interventions shown to improve MQ include nutrition, physical activity/exercise, pharmacology, and metabolic and bariatric surgery.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Update on regulation of GHRH and its actions on GH secretion in health and disease. GHRH调控及其在健康和疾病中对GH分泌的作用的最新进展。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09943-y

Antonio J Montero-Hidalgo, Mercedes Del Rio-Moreno, Jesús M Pérez-Gómez, Raúl M Luque, Rhonda D Kineman

引用次数: 0

The radiologic spectrum of neuroendocrine tumors in emergent care. 急诊神经内分泌肿瘤的放射谱分析。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09940-7

Asutosh Sahu, Michael Patlas, Ankush Jajodia

引用次数: 0

Effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone deficiency in mice beyond growth. 生长激素释放激素缺乏对小鼠生长的影响。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09936-3

Lucia Recinella, Maria Loreta Libero, Luigi Brunetti, Alessandra Acquaviva, Annalisa Chiavaroli, Giustino Orlando, Riccarda Granata, Roberto Salvatori, Sheila Leone

引用次数: 0

The history of an effective, specific and sensitive diagnostic test: the GHRH test in clinical practice. 一种有效、特异和敏感的诊断测试的历史：临床实践中的 GHRH 测试。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09938-1

Marina Caputo, Stella Pigni, Chiara Mele, Rosa Pitino, Paolo Marzullo, Flavia Prodam, Gianluca Aimaretti

{"title":"The history of an effective, specific and sensitive diagnostic test: the GHRH test in clinical practice.","authors":"Marina Caputo, Stella Pigni, Chiara Mele, Rosa Pitino, Paolo Marzullo, Flavia Prodam, Gianluca Aimaretti","doi":"10.1007/s11154-024-09938-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-024-09938-1","url":null,"abstract":"Growth hormone (GH) secretion is pulsatile, entropic, and nycthemeral and is mainly controlled by the hypothalamus through two neurohormones, the stimulating growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) and the inhibiting somatostatin. Shortly after its discovery and synthesis, GHRH was intensely investigated diagnostically to define GH secretion. The nascent enthusiasm for using GHRH as a single diagnostic tool to investigate GH deficiency (GHD) dropped down quickly due to a flawed reproducibility. The subsequent combinatory use of molecules implicated in GH secretion through inhibition of the somatostatinergic tone, such as arginine (ARG), or the synthesis of receptor-orphan pharmaceutical compounds capable of stimulating pituitary somatotrophs to release GH, such as the GH secretagogues (GHSs), improved the reproducibility of GH response to GHRH alone, thus gaining access into the clinical practice by means of different diagnostic approaches. This review will focus on the history of the GHRH test, with main emphasis on GHRH plus ARG as a dynamic testing for the diagnosis of GHD. Our attention will extend crosswise from studies aimed at validating GHRH-based tests for the clinical practice, to address main pitfall conditions capable of affecting per se GH secretion, such as obesity, hypothalamic damage, and ageing. The history of GHRH test has been progressively dismantled due to the cease of its production for business reasons, opening a gap in the diagnostic workup of patients with GHD. In the urgency to seek further robust, safe, and validated diagnostic tests or tools, we hope to stimulate attention on a so important peptide for the health of our patients suffering from pituitary diseases.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No longer to be ignored: Hypophosphatemia following intravenous iron administration. 不再被忽视：静脉给铁后的低磷血症。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09926-5

Matthijs Strubbe, Karel David, Bernard Peene, Bert Eeckhout, Bart Van der Schueren, Brigitte Decallonne, Roman Vangoitsenhoven, Dirk Vanderschueren, Leen Antonio

{"title":"No longer to be ignored: Hypophosphatemia following intravenous iron administration.","authors":"Matthijs Strubbe, Karel David, Bernard Peene, Bert Eeckhout, Bart Van der Schueren, Brigitte Decallonne, Roman Vangoitsenhoven, Dirk Vanderschueren, Leen Antonio","doi":"10.1007/s11154-024-09926-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-024-09926-5","url":null,"abstract":"Intravenous iron supplementation is increasingly used to safely and effectively correct iron deficiency anemia, but some formulations are linked to a renal phosphate wasting syndrome which is mediated by fibroblast growth factor 23. Unawareness among prescribers and the nonspecific clinical symptoms of hypophosphatemia result in underreporting of this complication. Even though it is often an asymptomatic and self-limiting condition, accumulating evidence from case reports and dedicated randomized controlled trials show that IV iron induced hypophosphatemia may be associated with clinical symptoms. If hypophosphatemia is not recognized and treated, a metabolic bone disease phenotype may develop, pathophysiologically reminiscent of hypophosphatemic rickets as seen in X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets or oncogenic osteomalacia. This syndrome is particularly, but not uniquely, associated with formulations containing ferric carboxymaltose, probably due to specific chemical characteristics of its carbohydrate moiety. Risk factors include repeated infusion, severity of iron deficiency, as well as normal kidney function. Coexisting vitamin D deficiency or hyperparathyroidism increase the risk of metabolic bone disease. Complications can be easily prevented by an early diagnosis and switching to another IV iron formulation. In this review, we describe the epidemiology and pathophysiology of this condition, to raise awareness among prescribing clinicians.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0