Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders最新文献

Childhood obesity: The threatening apprentice of the adiposity empire.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09959-4

J Karina Zapata, Javier Gómez-Ambrosi, Gema Frühbeck

{"title":"Childhood obesity: The threatening apprentice of the adiposity empire.","authors":"J Karina Zapata, Javier Gómez-Ambrosi, Gema Frühbeck","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09959-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09959-4","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood obesity is a global health problem, with its prevalence having tripled since 1975. The increase in its prevalence has been predominantly in developing countries, but also in those with high economic status. Nowadays, there are multiple obesity definitions, however, one of the most accurate is the one which defines obesity as the accumulation of excessive body adiposity and not as an body weight excess. Nevertheless, the body mass index (BMI) is the most frequently used tool for its classification, according to the cut-off points established by the Center for Disease Control and World Health Organization tables. In children and adolescents an adiposity excess is related to the appearance of cardiovascular disease in adulthood and with many comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, among others. Currently, there is still controversy about which is the ideal indicator for measuring overweight and obesity. BMI is still used as a standardized measure but may miss cases in which body composition is pathological despite a BMI within the normal-weight category. An adequate knowledge of the impact on health of dysfunctional adiposity as well as its accurate diagnosis will allow health professionals to address this condition in a more precise and comprehensive manner, and substantially improve the associated cardiometabolic risk and prognosis.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incretins and SGLT-2 inhibitors in diabetic patients with neuroendocrine tumors: current updates and future directions.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09958-5

Rosaria M Ruggeri, Erika Maria Grossrubatscher, Eleonora Ciocca, Iderina Hasballa, Simona Jaafar, Monica Oldani, Manila Rubino, Flaminia Russo, Andrea M Isidori, Annamaria Colao, Antongiulio Faggiano

{"title":"Incretins and SGLT-2 inhibitors in diabetic patients with neuroendocrine tumors: current updates and future directions.","authors":"Rosaria M Ruggeri, Erika Maria Grossrubatscher, Eleonora Ciocca, Iderina Hasballa, Simona Jaafar, Monica Oldani, Manila Rubino, Flaminia Russo, Andrea M Isidori, Annamaria Colao, Antongiulio Faggiano","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09958-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09958-5","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are frequently associated with glycemic disorders, such as prediabetes or diabetes, which may result from either surgical or medical treatments or hormonal hypersecretion by the tumor itself. Moreover, pre-existing diabetes is a known risk factor for NET development, with metabolic control and antidiabetic therapies potentially influencing tumor progression. The complex interplay between diabetes and NET, which share several molecular pathways, has spurred interest in the anti-cancer effects of antidiabetic medications. This is particularly relevant as new antidiabetic drugs continue to emerge, including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and incretin-based therapies, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists and dual GIP/GLP- 1 R agonists. This review explores the impact of these novel pharmacological options on NET development and progression through a comprehensive analysis of pre-clinical and clinical studies, with the purpose to evaluate safety and feasibility of introducing these drugs in the treatment of NETs patients. We conducted a comprehensive search of online databases, including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus, for studies assessing the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of action of incretins and SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with NET. These novel antidiabetic drugs exhibit promising anticancer properties, potentially inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis, though concerns about certain cancer risks remain. Based on current evidence, the benefits of incretin-based therapies outweigh any potential cancer risks, leading to the proposal of tailored management algorithms for diabetes in NET patients, factoring in the diabetes aetiology, comorbidities, and life expectancy.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ectopic GHRH production: revisiting a rare cause of acromegaly.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09961-w

Matheo A M Stumpf, Nathalie Oliveira Santana, Marcio Carlos Machado, Felipe H Duarte, Andrea Glezer, Gérald Raverot, Véronique Raverot, Raquel S Jallad

{"title":"Ectopic GHRH production: revisiting a rare cause of acromegaly.","authors":"Matheo A M Stumpf, Nathalie Oliveira Santana, Marcio Carlos Machado, Felipe H Duarte, Andrea Glezer, Gérald Raverot, Véronique Raverot, Raquel S Jallad","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09961-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09961-w","url":null,"abstract":"Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) is a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates GH secretion by the anterior pituitary gland. Ectopic production of GHRH by neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is a rare cause of acromegaly, with some clinical and biochemical features indistinguishable from pituitary adenoma origin. Some clues for this diagnosis include pituitary MRI harboring hyperplasia, increased serum GHRH and extra-pituitary tumor detected in whole body scans. The preferable treatment, when possible, should be surgical resection of the NET. In cases with residual tumor, somatostatin analogs could be used as an alternative for adjuvant therapy for both tumoral and biochemical control of IGF-1. Life-long follow-up is needed as some patients may develop persistent pituitary hyperplasia or GH-adenomas due to prolonged GHRH exposure, with elevated IGF-1 levels even without NET recurrence. In such scenarios, medical therapy should be provided for hyperplasia cases and transsphenoidal surgery to patients with pituitary adenoma. If available, genetic test for MEN1 mutations should always be performed.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complexity in the interpretation and application of multiple guidelines for thyroid nodules: the need for coordinated recommendations for "small" lesions.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09950-z

Pierpaolo Trimboli

{"title":"Complexity in the interpretation and application of multiple guidelines for thyroid nodules: the need for coordinated recommendations for \"small\" lesions.","authors":"Pierpaolo Trimboli","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09950-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11154-025-09950-z","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple guidelines for thyroid nodule management have been developed by endocrinologists, often in collaboration with surgeons and radiologists. While there is now a lot of scientific information available to meet the needs of healthcare providers, there is not always uniformity and standardization among recommendations. Consequently, the interpretation and application of guidelines in clinical practice remain somewhat limited. In this context, the management of \"small\" thyroid nodule warrants full discussion. Looking at treatment guidelines, surgery is the first-line option and the risk of cancer relapse can be assessed only after at least thyroidectomy; in addition, according to guidelines of minimally invasive treatment, thermal ablation may be considered for patients with small classical papillary carcinoma. However, the Thyroid Imaging Reporting And Data Systems do not recommend biopsy in nodules less than 1 cm; and performing biopsy may yield a result that is suspicious or consistent with malignancy without specifying the cancer subtype. With these premises, facing cases of \"small\" nodule less than 1 cm is challenging. Even if the recommendations of guidelines sound singularly appropriate, they may seem conflicting. Coordinated guidelines are needed.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"223-227"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Melatonin administration on bone properties of animals under hypoestrogenism: A systematic review.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09953-w

Taciane Maria Melges Pejon, Leonardo Henrique Dalcheco Messias, Rafael Henrique de Oliveira Nascimento, Vanessa Bertolucci, André Felipe Ninomiya, Wladimir Rafael Beck

{"title":"Melatonin administration on bone properties of animals under hypoestrogenism: A systematic review.","authors":"Taciane Maria Melges Pejon, Leonardo Henrique Dalcheco Messias, Rafael Henrique de Oliveira Nascimento, Vanessa Bertolucci, André Felipe Ninomiya, Wladimir Rafael Beck","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09953-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11154-025-09953-w","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Hypoestrogenism is associated with loss of bone mass and strength. Melatonin has become a strategy due to its actions on bone tissue. This review summarizes the available data on the effects of chronic melatonin administration on bone tissue in animal models with hypoestrogenism.Data sources: A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, databases up to November 27, 2023, was conducted using specified key terms and Boolean operators (bone AND bones OR bone density OR bone diseases OR osteogenesis OR osteoporosis AND melatonin).Study selection: only controlled studies in English and with rodents.Study design: systematic review.Data extraction: animals' characteristics (sex and hypoestrogenism confirmation), dose, route, and duration of administration of melatonin, and outcomes from the properties of bone.Results: A total of 25 studies were identified after the screening process. In the hypoestrogenic state, melatonin administration improved bone mineral density, bone volume ratio, trabecular number in 19 studies, and maximal load/strength and stiffness test in 7. 4 studies reported improved matrix mineralization in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Melatonin increased the expression of RUNX2 in 9 studies, OCN in 6, and OPG in 4, while decreasing RANKL in 3. In 4 studies the melatonin increased the serum osteocalcin levels.Conclusion: Chronic administration of melatonin appears to improve the biophysical, biomechanical, molecular, and biochemical properties of bone tissue. These benefits promote an osteogenic effect, making melatonin an efficient strategy to preserve microarchitecture and tissue mass in a state of hypoestrogenism.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"279-291"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The radiologic spectrum of neuroendocrine tumors in emergent care. 急诊神经内分泌肿瘤的放射谱分析。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09940-7

Asutosh Sahu, Michael Patlas, Ankush Jajodia

引用次数: 0

Pituitary adenomas: biology, nomenclature and clinical classification.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-25 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09944-x

Ken K Y Ho, Shlomo Melmed

{"title":"Pituitary adenomas: biology, nomenclature and clinical classification.","authors":"Ken K Y Ho, Shlomo Melmed","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09944-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11154-025-09944-x","url":null,"abstract":"An 'adenoma' is a benign neoplasm composed of epithelial tissue, and has been standard nomenclature for primary pituitary neoplasms. In 2022, the fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Endocrine Tumours and of Central Nervous System Tumours, renamed pituitary adenomas as neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), assigning an oncology label to pituitary invariably benign neoplasms. Multidisciplinary workshops convened by the Pituitary Society have questioned the process, validity, and merit of this arbitrary change, while addressing the adverse clinical implications of the proposed new nomenclature. Unlike NETs, pituitary adenomas are highly prevalent, indolent and very rarely become malignant, and in general do not affect life expectancy when appropriately managed. A nomenclature change to NET does not advance mechanistic insight, treatment or prognosis but confers a misleading oncology connotation, potentially leading to overtreatment as well as engendering unnecessary patient anxiety. As the majority of pituitary adenomas do not require surgery, exclusion of these disorders is a major shortcoming of the pathology-based WHO classification system which is limited to patients undergoing surgery. Many factors influence prognosis other than histopathology. A new clinical classical classification has been developed for guiding prognosis and therapy of pituitary adenomas by integrating clinical, genetic, biochemical, radiological, pathological, and molecular information for all adenomas arising from anterior pituitary cell lineages. The system uses an evidence-based scoring of risk factors to yield a cumulative grade score that reflects disease severity. It can be used at the bedside to guide pituitary adenoma management. Once validated in prospective studies, this simple classification system could provide a standardised platform for assessing disease severity, prognosis, and effects of therapy on pituitary adenoma outcomes.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143041071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From pituitary cells to prostate gland in health and disease: direct and indirect endocrine connections.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09948-7

André Sarmento-Cabral, Antonio C Fuentes-Fayos, Fernando Mata Ordoñez, Antonio J León-González, Antonio J Martínez-Fuentes, Manuel D Gahete, Raúl M Luque

{"title":"From pituitary cells to prostate gland in health and disease: direct and indirect endocrine connections.","authors":"André Sarmento-Cabral, Antonio C Fuentes-Fayos, Fernando Mata Ordoñez, Antonio J León-González, Antonio J Martínez-Fuentes, Manuel D Gahete, Raúl M Luque","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09948-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11154-025-09948-7","url":null,"abstract":"The prostate gland is an endocrine-sensitive organ responding to multiple stimuli. Its development and function are regulated by multiple hormones (i.e. steroids such as androgens, estrogens and glucocorticoids) but also by other key hormonal systems such as those comprised by insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin, which are sourced by different tissues [e.g. testicles/adrenal-gland/adipose-tissue/liver/pancreas, etc.). Particularly important for the endocrine control of prostatic pathophysiology and anatomy are hormones produced and/or secreted by different cell types of the pituitary gland [growth-hormone, luteinizing-hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin, oxytocin, arginine-vasopressin and melanocyte-stimulating hormone], which affect prostate gland function either directly or indirectly under physiological and pathophysiological conditions [e.g. metabolic dysregulation (e.g. obesity), and prostate transformations (e.g. prostate cancer)]. This review summarizes the impact of all pituitary hormone types on prostate gland under these diverse conditions including in vivo and in vitro studies.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"187-203"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of maternal blood metabolomics and gestational diabetes mellitus risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 母体血液代谢组学与妊娠糖尿病风险的关系：系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09934-5

Jing Zhou, Jie Yu, Jing Ren, Yaolin Ren, Yuan Zeng, Yifan Wu, Qian Zhang, Xinhua Xiao

{"title":"Association of maternal blood metabolomics and gestational diabetes mellitus risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jing Zhou, Jie Yu, Jing Ren, Yaolin Ren, Yuan Zeng, Yifan Wu, Qian Zhang, Xinhua Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s11154-024-09934-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11154-024-09934-5","url":null,"abstract":"Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy that has short- and long-term adverse effects. Therefore, further exploration of the pathophysiology of GDM and related biomarkers is important. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the associations between metabolites in blood detected via metabolomics techniques and the risk of GDM and to identify possible biomarkers for predicting the occurrence of GDM. We retrieved case‒control and cohort studies of metabolomics and GDM published in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science through March 29, 2024; extracted metabolite concentrations, odds ratios (ORs), or relative risks (RRs); and evaluated the integrated results with metabolites per-SD risk estimates and 95% CIs for GDM. We estimated the results via the random effects model and the inverse variance method. Our study is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024539435). We included a total of 28 case‒control and cohort studies, including 17,370 subjects (4,372 GDM patients and 12,998 non-GDM subjects), and meta-analyzed 67 metabolites. Twenty-five of these metabolites were associated with GDM risk. Some amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine, aspartate, etc.), lipids (C16:0, C18:1n-9, C18:1n-7, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (16:0), LPC (18:0), and palmitoylcarnitine), and carbohydrates and energy metabolites (glucose, pyruvate, lactate, 2-hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxybutyrate) were discovered to be associated with increased GDM risk (hazard ratio 1.06-2.77). Glutamine, histidine, C14:0, and sphingomyelin (SM) (34:1) were associated with lower GDM risk (hazard ratio 0.75-0.84). These findings suggest that these metabolites may play essential roles in GDM progression, and serve as biomarkers, contributing to the early diagnosis and prediction of GDM.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"205-222"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142732050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The differential diagnosis of adrenocortical tumors: systematic review of Ki-67 and IGF2 and meta-analysis of Ki-67.

IF 6.9 2区医学

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-025-09945-w

Sofia B Oliveira, Mariana Q Machado, Diana Sousa, Sofia S Pereira, Duarte Pignatelli

{"title":"The differential diagnosis of adrenocortical tumors: systematic review of Ki-67 and IGF2 and meta-analysis of Ki-67.","authors":"Sofia B Oliveira, Mariana Q Machado, Diana Sousa, Sofia S Pereira, Duarte Pignatelli","doi":"10.1007/s11154-025-09945-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11154-025-09945-w","url":null,"abstract":"Distinguishing benign from malignant adrenocortical tumors (ACT) is not always easy, particularly for tumors with unclear malignant potential based on the histopathological features comprised of the Weiss score. Previous studies reported the potential utility of immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers to recognize malignancy, in particular the Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and the proliferation marker, Ki-67. However, this information was not compiled before. Therefore, this review aimed to collect the evidence on the potential diagnosis utility of IGF2 and Ki-67 IHC staining. Additionally, a meta-analysis was performed to assess the Ki-67 accuracy to identify adrenocortical carcinoma. The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. From the 26 articles included in the systematic review, 21 articles provided individual data for IGF2 (n = 2) or for Ki-67 (n = 19), while 5 studies assessed both markers. IGF2 staining was positive in most carcinomas, in contrast to adenomas. However, the different immunostaining evaluation methods adopted among the studies impeded to perform a meta-analysis to assess IGF2 diagnostic accuracy. In contrast, for the most commonly used cut-off value of 5% stained cells, Ki-67 showed pooled specificity, sensitivity and log diagnostic odds ratio of 0.98 (95% CI 0.95 to 0.99), 0.82 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.92) and 4.26 (95% CI 3.40 to 5.12), respectively. At the 5% cut-off, Ki-67 demonstrated an excellent specificity to recognize malignant ACT. However. the moderate sensitivity observed indicates the need for further studies exploring alternative threshold values. Additionally, more studies using similar approaches are needed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of IGF2.Registration code in PROSPERO: CRD42022370389.","PeriodicalId":21106,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"261-278"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0