Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics最新文献

{"title":"The Importance of Making Managerial Decisions in Efficienct Functioning of Today’s Organizations","authors":"M. S. Tishkin","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-215-222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-215-222","url":null,"abstract":"The article studies importance and consequences of making managerial decisions in today’s organizations. The role of executives and managers in the process of decision-making was shown and the conclusion was drawn that their adequate fulfillment is essential for successful work of the organization. The author describes goals being pursued in making managerial decisions: maximum profit, optimization of resources and strengthening positions on market. Apart from that, the author studies key objectives, which face executives in decision making, such as elaboration of strategic decisions, identifying priorities, managing risks and providing productivity and innovation.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodology of Monitoring Social and Economic Development in Regional Economic Systems (illustrated by the Altay Area)","authors":"O. I. Kuznetsov","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-76-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-76-82","url":null,"abstract":"The article studies such notions as ‘methodology’, ‘regional economic system’, ‘monitoring of regional economic system’. The author provides his own definition of the notion ‘monitoring of social and economic development of regional economic systems’ and highlighted 6 key stages of its conducting: organizational, information collection, information preparation, data analysis, forecasting and modeling, conclusion preparation and their publication. As an example of monitoring the author chose a regional program, which affects directly the development of social component of the regional economic system, in particular, the achievement of high standard of living at the expense of cutting poverty rate and raising real income of the population. The author conducted analysis by the proposed methodology using open sources of information. In this analysis he used the method of standard values with estimation of the program implementation efficiency. On the basis of monitoring results a conclusion was drawn about the efficiency of the given regional program in the Altay area in view of high figures of efficiency by set goals and indicators of the regional program.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ways of Import-Substituting Proteins of Collagen Group and Possibilities of Express-Methods of Research","authors":"A. Y. Sokolov","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-47-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-47-54","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides new data concerning the structure and features of biopolymers that form the basis of by-product collagen-containing raw materials of meat processing industry and the sector of primary treatment of collagen-containing raw materials. In order to resolve the problem of import-substitution, analysis of the structure and features of complicated proteins the author analyzed briefly the economic situation, showed results of investigating certain properties of protein systems and put forward recommendations on the subject development. Theoretical findings can be used for the development of food additive technologies, lipid fraction substitutions, food toppings, food with non-conventional structure and properties, specialized nutrition, including additives of the sport group. According to the author, product groups in demand will include matters, ingredients, food with high biological activity, bio-compatible or modified gels, combined gels, cosmetic preparations, remedy for stimulating growth and development in plants, animals, nano- and bio-structures, polymers with shape memory meant for robotized constructions, etc. Unfortunately, there is no systemized principle for developing the necessary knowledge base for home or overseas products in this segment, however, the author can recommend theoretical and methodological approaches to protein system production, control over their quality, database and academic site development.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140370368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and Prospects of Developing Light Industry in Russia","authors":"D. V. Khrulkov","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-223-234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-223-234","url":null,"abstract":"Today enterprises of light industry face serious problems arising due to competition with Asian companies, problems with investment and staff. Comparative analysis of key figures of light industry in Russia and China shows considerable backwardness of Russian enterprises by the level of fund-equipment and labour productivity. At the same time, it should be noted that in Russian light industry there are enterprises with high fund-equipment but low fund-return and not very high labour productivity. The author came to the conclusion that low efficiency of enterprises of light industry can form the initial cause of current problems. It was shown that the principle way of developing light industry is modernization of technological processes on the basis of advanced digital technologies, artificial intellect, robot-engineering, acute scientific solutions in management, which could give an opportunity to cut the need in unskilled personnel, to raise labolur productivity and the quality of products and cut prime cost and final price. Apart from that to resolve problems of efficiency it is necessary to take into account individual conditions of enterprise functioning and improve quality of management. When decisions aimed at measures of state support for enterprises of light industry are made, including investment, it is needed to take into consideration their technological standing to elaborate grounded strategy of support, development and control.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific Approaches to Explore the Essence of the Technological Sovereignty of the Economy","authors":"L. Nevyantseva","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-19-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-19-27","url":null,"abstract":"On the current stage of economic and geo-political development of the country, that can be characterized by weakening of foreign-economic relations with unfriendly countries, sanctions against Russian economy and blocking the access to import technologies strategically important for Russian production, issues dealing with Russian economy arrival on the advanced technological level become more and more acute. Ensuring technological sovereignty of national economy in crucial industries is a top-priority task for attaining this goal and academic research of technological sovereignty is especially topical today. Thus, the present article studies essential and conceptual characteristics of economy technological sovereignty. By analyzing academic literature the author identified three scientific and practical approaches to understanding the essence of technological sovereignty: technological sovereignty as a component of economic and national security; technological sovereignty as an element of open-type economy; technological sovereignty as a factor of geo-political development and as a level of science and technological development collated with global one. The article shows strategic basis of technological sovereignty in Russia. And finally, the author came to the conclusion that the vector of Russian economy development combined with achieving technological independence of national economy is strategically true.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems of Human Development Differentiation in Russian Regions","authors":"K. O. Kononenko","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-161-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-161-171","url":null,"abstract":"The Russian Federation is the biggest country in the world, which consists of 89 entities. Vast territory, a lot of nationalities and confessions, different climate and mentality create conditions for differentiation in the standard of living of people. In present circumstances unevenness is typical of the development of social and economic systems in countries and in persons. Economy of the 6th technological structure is characterized by high degree of automation and advanced technologies, which gives an opportunity to raise labour productivity and cut costs. However, not all regions can adapt to new requirements of this economic model. In this economy it is necessary both to modernize equipment and technology and constantly develop human labour resource. According to the Maslow pyramid, the standard of life means the degree of population needs satisfaction. The standard of life of the population in the country is connected with people prosperity, accumulation of human capital and the level of human development. In Russia and in the whole world the problem of the population standard of life became drastic during the global finance crisis 2008–2010 and COVID-19 pandemic. The UN in 2020 prepared the rating of countries by standard of life based on the Human Development Index. Today it is quite clear that human potential is becoming the main indicator of social and economic development of mankind. Human potential is a sum total of opportunities, capabilities and resources that each person possesses for self-development, attaining his/her goals and valuable participation in society. It includes intellectual, creative, physical, emotional and social abilities, as well as knowledge, skills and experience, that person can use to resolve problems and overcome difficulties. Human potential is inexhaustible and it can be developed and realized during the whole life. The authors identified problems of shaping and developing human capital in regions of the Russian Federation: ecological and climatic factors, differentiation in income level and quality of education programs. As a result of the analysis a project approach to resolving these problems was proposed.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological Development of Industry Based on Integration of Science, Business and State","authors":"O. O. Kochetova","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-55-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-55-64","url":null,"abstract":"The article studies principle reasons for technological underdevelopment of Russia compared with western countries and identifies regulatory documents aimed at finding promising ways to resolve this problem. Analysis of the numerous academic works investigating issues of innovation development of industry, importance of scientific and technical progress for economic growth, cooperation between universities and industrial enterprises provides an opportunity to substantiate topicality of the research. The author on the basis of different interpretations of the notion ‘technological development’ could formulate his own definition. Further on, a conclusion was drawn that universities, industrial enterprises and state are actors of technological development. The author built a model and mechanisms of organizational and technical interaction of representatives of science, business and state. The project ‘Advanced Engineering Schools’ is an example of such interaction aimed at providing industry with highly-qualified engineers. Research findings are tested through the mechanism of scientific and industrial integration of the company ODK, the St. Petersburg Polytechnic University and state. The author’s developments have practical significance, as they can be used in education, at industrial enterprises and in other sectors of economy for planning programs of technological modernization in industry.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prudential Element in Bank Regulation","authors":"S. S. Galasova, A. Gokoev","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-83-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-83-93","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes genesis of scientific cognition of the prudential element in banking regulation. Principles of prudential regulation were fixed in the Basel committee on bank supervision and were aimed at minimization of system risk in the banking sphere and certain credit organizations, as well as provision of depositors’ security. The authors showed stages of prudential regulation development, within the frames of which conceptual and essential parameters of the notion, its character and implementation mechanisms kept changing. Theoretical approaches to prudential regulation research that state the conceptual cut of the notion in academic discourse were studied; prudential regulation on macro- and micro-economic level was analyzed and specific character of the current standing of prudential regulation in banking sector was described.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140373096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Banking Card Market in Russia in Territorial View","authors":"E. V. Lapteva","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-109-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-109-115","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the growing frequency of using bank cards and analyzes the difference in their use subject to the region. According to statistics, in 2022 on Russian market 88% fell on payment cards. A steady growth in the number of bank cards was observed for 10 years both with individuals and legal entities. Individuals prevail among bank card users, their share in 2022 reached 98.2%. As technologies develop and new technical solutions turn up bank cards become more accessible for customers and today there are various types of payment cards meeting different needs and preferences of users. Regional distribution of bank cards in Russia was not equal. The leading position by payment card issuance is taken by the Central Federal Region, where 136.9m cards (34.5%) were issued in 2022. The second position is taken by the Volga Federal Region – 71.4m cards or 18.0%, the third position – by the Siberian Federal Region with 43.1m cards or 10.9%. The author showed that the number and the volume of transactions made by cards during the last decade demonstrate steady growing trend both in the country and in federal regions.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complicated Work as Goal of Higher Education","authors":"V. Galanov, A. Galanova","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-116-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-116-125","url":null,"abstract":"Robotization of goods production and service rendering means the necessity of gradual transition to training specialists of new profiles characterized by increasing complexity of work. Material sphere, as production robots are introduced in it will change into the sum total of fields of complicated work application, which include engineering of consumer goods, constructing of robots, technical science and economic management. Complicated work turns into qualified work relying on possibilities of artificial intellect. Training for complicated work implies the necessity for the person to get the ability to deal with new types of activity and to cope with them. In this way the person himself/herself turns into the subject of such work. In this aspect the article shows that complicated work covers social and spiritual fields of a new specialist formation: education and up-bringing relying on achievements of social science and on art. The authors came to the conclusion that introducing artificial intellect in processes of the man moulding will allow him/her to overcome personal limits for upgrading and learning complicated work impossible for robots.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140370633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}