Scientific Journal of Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Physicochemical analysis and microbial quality of raw cow's milk along with production system in Angolelanatera district, Amhara region, Ethiopia","authors":"G. Kassa, Tewodros Eshete, L. Gazu","doi":"10.14196/sjas.v5i10.2319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/sjas.v5i10.2319","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine physicochemical analysis and microbial quality of raw cow’s milk along with the production system in the study area. Data was collected by conducting experimental activities and survey. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) were used to analyze data. The main income sources of the respondents were mixed agriculture (92.5%) and 44.5% respondents had basic education. 78.3%  respondents believed the milk quality of local cows were better than cross cows. Natural grazing, crop residues and conserved hay (54.6, 41.8 and 3.6) % were the main feed resources in the study area respectively. The only improved forage species were oat and vetch but most respondents feed these forage species after the seed was collected. The maximum mean of fat and protein content of cow’s raw milk in the study areas were 5.30±0.28 and 3.29±0.05 in Chekiy local cows and Chefanen cross cows respectively. The highest total bacterial and coli form count was recorded in Tsigereeda and Chacha kebeles (3.75x10 8 and 2.16x 10 5 ) respectively. The average number of yeast and mold was 1.56x10 5 , 1.97x10 5 , 2.14x10 5 and 1.73x10 5 in Tsigereda, Chekiey, Chefanen and Chacha respectively. The highest bacterial and coli form count was recorded due to poor hygienic practice. Interventions about hygienic practice will solve the listed problems.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127858145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding detoxified Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) seed cake to sheep: Effect on intake, digestibility, live weight gain and carcass parameters","authors":"W. Bekele, G. Assefa, M. Urgie","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V5I9.2311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V5I9.2311","url":null,"abstract":"In Ethiopia, cultivation and usage of B. carinata is an old practice. The seeds are primarily cultivated for the extraction of oil, the meal that is remained after oil extraction is protein rich (30 – 45%) and may be used either as high protein feed supplement provided that glucosinolate level is reduced or as organic fertilizer. Oil extraction through the use of solvents has proven to be beneficial in improving the feed quality of the oil seed cake produced as by product. This is as a result of removing the anti-nutritional qualities like glucosinolates by the solvents. These technologies are under evaluation at pilot level in Ethiopia. Thus, a study was conducted to investigate the effect of including both untreated and detoxified Ethiopian mustard seed (Brassica carinata) cake as protein source in the concentrate supplement on feed intake, digestibility, and live weight gain using thirty yearling Afar male sheep with an average initial body weight of 17.1 + 0.6 kg. A completely randomized block design with six replicates per treatment was used. The treatments were: 0, 33, 67 and 100% replacement of noug cake by detoxified mustard cake and 67% replacement by undetoxified cake. All animals were fed and managed in individual pens. Feed intake, apparent digestibility, growth rate and carcass parameters did not differ among treatments. The results of the study showed that detoxified Ethiopian mustard seed cake can completely replace noug seed cake when offered in a mixture with wheat bran for growing  male sheep fed a basal diet of grass hay.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114297324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors for soil transmitted Helminth infections among Urban Dwellers, Amanuel Town, Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"Yirga Enawgaw, A. Sisay, E. Nibret","doi":"10.14196/sjbs.v5i9.2303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/sjbs.v5i9.2303","url":null,"abstract":"Infection by soil transmitted helminthes has been increasingly recognized as an important public health problem in poor and developing countries. To initiate prevention and control measures for these neglected diseases, adequate information is required among high risk group. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for soil transmitted helminth infections among urban dwellers in Amanuel, east Gojjam, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study, involving 403 individuals, was carried out in Amanuel between November 2010 and January 2011. A structured questionnaire and observation for demographic and associated risk factors for soil transmitted helminthes (STHs) infections were used for data collection. Stool samples were collected in plastic containers from each participant and transported to Amanuel Health center for parasitological examination. Both direct wet smear and former-ether sedimentation concentration techniques were used to determine the presence of helminthes eggs. The overall prevalence of STH infections was 46.2% (186/403). Hookworm infection was the predominant soil transmitted helminth infections, which was detected in 77(19.1%) followed by A. lumbricoides which was infected 52(13%) of the study subjects. T. trichuria was the least prevalent geo-helminth infection, detected in only 23 (5.7%) of the study subjects. Majorities, 152(37.7%), had single infection. Double infection occurred in 25(6.2%) of the study subjects and only 9(2.2%) had multiple infection. The prevalence of soil transmitted helminthes was generally high in school age children and low in infants. The common predictors of STH infections in the study, among others, were poor personal hygienic conditions, less frequent wearing shoes habit, soil contacting occupation risk, and lack of hand washing habit after using toilet. On the basis of this result, it can be concluded that STH infection is an important problem among the community of Amanuel town. Therefore, it is recommended that education on personal and environmental hygiene should be taken into account to reduce the prevalence of STH infections. Moreover, school age children and other risk groups should receive regular treatment to control the transmissions of STH infections.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129285777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of age on sperm production's indicators of bulls","authors":"M. Aidos, S. Aljan, Alshinbaev Orynbasar","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V5I8.2271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V5I8.2271","url":null,"abstract":"The results obtained in the study age dynamics of indicators of sperm production of breeding bulls of black-motley and hill breeds indicate on the Republican Center of livestock breeding JSC \"ASIL TYLІK\" Akmola Province, Kazakhstan indicate that the quantity of the received sperm production changes by years of their use. Special differences of age dynamics between breeds it isn't observed.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124436870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research properties of the environment on basis of vegetable components from extract soy at the cryopreservation of sperm of bulls","authors":"M. Aidos, S. Aljan, Alshinbaev Orynbasar","doi":"10.14196/sjas.v5i8.2279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/sjas.v5i8.2279","url":null,"abstract":"By cryobiological, immunological and biophysical methods it is established that in the mechanism of temperature shock of cell the leading role is assigned to osmosis, and instant movement of water through it at the expense of an equilibration of osmotic pressure that is the reason of destruction of a cell membrane deprives a cytoplasmic membrane of properties of semipermeability. It was studied the fortification mechanism sperm when cooling and it is established that the fortificant accumulates on surfaces of a cell and creates a hydrophobic phase that slows down the osmotic action connected with an balancing  of concentration gradients in ''cell-wednesday'' system. It is established, also, that the protective layer is created on a cytoplasmatic membrane on an extent of 2-5 minutes from the moment of its contact with an anti-shock component – fortificanty and then strongly is kept on it even at reusable washing of cells by isotonic environments. These theoretical research were taken as a basis of a technique of determination of anti-shock properties of cryoresistance various the bioactive substances and biochemical connections by search, development and improvement of environments for a cryopreservation of sperm of different types of animals. When freezing sperm in nitrogen, an obligatory component of the cryoprotective environment is the native yolk of eggs containing many phospholipids and lipoproteins which at interaction with plasma membranes sperm modify them by increase of resistant and stability. Being adsorbed by lipophilic and hydrophilic sites of plasma membranes lipid complexes almost by 2-3 times thickencell membrane that gives stability to sperm to extreme temperature, osmotic, immunological, physical and chemical and mechanical to damages.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133649515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of defaunation on rumen fermentation features, feed intake, digestibility and animal performance","authors":"Desta Tekle Gebru","doi":"10.14196/sjas.v5i7.2204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/sjas.v5i7.2204","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the review was to provide compiled information on the effects of defaunation on rumen fermentation features, feed intake, digestibility and animal performance for development workers, academic user’s, researchers and other interested readers. Defaunation is the selective removal of protozoa from the rumen of animals. Based on the most of information reviewed defaunation decreases rumen pH, ruminal ammonia concentration, methane emissions, fibre carbohydrate digestibility and organic matter digestibility, and it increases total volatile fatty acids concentration, numbers of bacteria, feed conversion efficiency and weight gain but it did not affect dry matter intake.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130643646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of on farm supplementation of dried Sesbaniasesban (L.) leaf on performance of Abergelle rams","authors":"Desta Tekle Gebru, Gebreslassie Gebru, H. Hagos, Shumiye Belay","doi":"10.14196/sjas.v5i7.2202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/sjas.v5i7.2202","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of supplementation of dried Sesbaniasesban (L) leaf on supplement intake, body weight gain and cost benefit analysis of the feeding regimes for Abergellerams under farmer’s management system in Tigray region, northern Ethiopia. The experiment was carried using 21 yearling intact Abergelle rams with an  initial body weight of 22.83 + 3.11Kg (mean + standard deviation). The experiment comprised 90 days of feeding trial after 14 days of adaption period. Farmers having each 3 yearling intact Abergellerams with similar body weight were first purposively identified and then from the identified farmers 7 farmers were randomly selected. Randomized complete block design with 4 treatments and 7 replications was applied. The treatments were local feeding practices (T1), local feeding practices + 250 g -1 day dried Sesbaniasesbania leaf (T2) and local feeding practices + 300 g -1 daydried Sesbaniasesbania leaf (T3). The CP of dried Sesbaniasesban leaf was 23.34%. The DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF and ADL intakes from the Sasbaniasesban leaf were significantly higher (p<0.0001) for T3 than T2. The average daily gain of Abergelle rams in T2 and T3 were significantly higher (p<0.0001) than T1 but similar in T2 and T3. The average daily gains were 28.98 g, 67.96 g and 75.71 g for T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Supplementation of dried Sesbaniasesba n leaf for Abergelle rams provide more profit compared to unsupplemented rams. Though T2 and T3 given comparable result in terms of body weight gain, the marginal rate of return suggested that supplementation of dried Sesbaniasesban leaf with 250 g -1 day than 300 g -1 day for Abergelle rams provided better economic gain and therefore, T2 is recommended as biological and economical sufficient supplementary regime for Abergelle rams.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124260495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspect of reproductive biology of the cassava croaker, Pseudotolithus senegalensis (valenciennes, 1833) of Ivory coast continental shelf","authors":"S. Sylla, C. B. Tia, K. Kouakou, Amoin Céline Kouame, P. E. Kouamelan, B. C. Atsé","doi":"10.14196/SJBS.V5I7.2250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJBS.V5I7.2250","url":null,"abstract":"From January to December 2014, some aspects of Pseudotolithus senegalensis reproductive biology in Ivory coast were investigated and focused on sex ratio, gonadosomatic and liver-somatic index, size at first maturity, stages of gonadal development and fecundity. A total of 696 fish with body length of 12 to 36 cm standard length (SL) and body weight of 25. 2 to 675.1 g were used for this study. The sex ratio of P. senegalensis was 1: 0.5 (male to female). The females were more than the males (x 2 0,05 (1) = 51.36; p< 0,05). Males and females reach first maturity at 19.01 and 22.28 cm SL respectively. The monthly variations of the gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HIS) and the condition factor (K) indicated two periods of reproduction. The long period and the short period were respectively from March to June and from September to November. The hepatic reserves seem to be mobilized to ensure the energetic cost of the reproduction. The absolute Fecundity was ranged from 78612 to 140946 eggs and was positively correlated with standard length and weight. Fecundity-length and fecundity-weight relationships showed positive correlations. The fecundity-length and fecundity-weight relationships were determined by regression analysis with the regression equation F= 12.820xSL– 321.70 (r=0.99) for fecundity-length and F= 0.27xTW – 46.66 (r=0.98) for fecundity-weigth relationship.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125826554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive biology of big-eye grunt Brachydeuterus Auritus in Ivory coast fishery (West Africa)","authors":"S. Sylla, T. T. Zan-Bi, K. J. Konan, C. B. Tia, J. Kabre, T. Koné","doi":"10.14196/SJBS.V5I5.2209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJBS.V5I5.2209","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive biology of Big-eye grunt, Brachydeuterus auritus resulting from Ivory Coast marine fishery were studied by monthly sampling from August 2013 to July 2014. Samplings were carried out along the Ivorian littoral. A total of 731 fish with a body length of 8.0 to 22.7 cm folk length (LF) and body weight of 9.2 to 204.6 g were used for this study. According this study, the sex ratio was 1:0.82 (male to female). The sex ratio was significantly different from the expected theoretically 1: 1 distribution except June, September and December. Monthly gonadosomatic index and macroscopically determined gonad stages indicated that B. auritus spawned from February to July with a greater activity from February to May. The condition factor indicated that B. auritus were in good condition, females had higher condition factor than the males. Lengths at 50% maturity were similar with 12.93 cm LF for males and 12.71 cm LF for females. The coefficient b (3.02; 3.07 and 3.04 respectively for males, females and both sexes) of the length-weight relationship was reflecting isometry.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121226584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal microbiota composition with probiotic potential of three species of the genus Chirostoma","authors":"M. D. Carmen, Javier Velasco Sarabia, Diego Alberto Retana Ortega, Ma. De los Angeles M. Peralta, M. Martínez, Gustavo Alejandro Rodríguez Montes de Oc, J. C. Reyes","doi":"10.14196/sjas.v5i5.2225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/sjas.v5i5.2225","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to identify the microbiota that was found in C, jordani, C. humboldtianum and C. estor to obtain those strains with probiotic capacity and can be used in Chirostoma sp. culture. Pre-adult stages were obtained for dissection and gain an intestinal tissue portion and get pure strains throughout consecutive reseeding in NHI and TSA agar plates. Then proceeded to the molecular identification with RNAr 16S sequencing gen and establish their probiotic capacity growing them in acid pH, bile salts, pathogen inhibition to Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio fluvialisin vitro and with antibiotics according to FAO (2006) and Balcazar et al . (2006) techniques. Results shown that analyzed Chirostoma sp. from intestinal tract were dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes identifying 60 strains, 40% of them were from C. jordani ; 30% from C. humboldtianum and 20% of strains were from C. estor . The three analyzed species share some bacterial groups even if they were grown in different environmental conditions. The common species strains were Lactobacillus sp., L.crispatus , Bacillus subtilis , B. sp., Aeromonashydrophila, A. hydrophila caviae, Vibrio fluvialis and Pseudomonaluteola . The only bacterial species that resisted stress experiments, correspond to Bacillus sp. genus represented by Bacillus subtilis , Bacillus sp. and Bacillus laterodporus , so they are good probiotics candidates for culture of Chirostoma sp. genus.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130241456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}