European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies | Revista Europea de Estudios Latinoamericanos y del Caribe最新文献

{"title":"Review of Transmitting the Spirit: Religious Conversion, Media and Urban Violence in Brazil, by Martijn Oosterbaan","authors":"J. Burdick","doi":"10.18352/ERLACS.10365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/ERLACS.10365","url":null,"abstract":"Transmitting the Spirit: Religious Conversion, Media and Urban Violence in Brazil , by Martijn Oosterbaan, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2017.","PeriodicalId":210797,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies | Revista Europea de Estudios Latinoamericanos y del Caribe","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124753993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tourism, Real Estate Development and Depeasantisation in Latin America","authors":"J. Gascón, Claudio Milano","doi":"10.18352/ERLACS.10313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/ERLACS.10313","url":null,"abstract":"Residential tourism transforms societies and rural economies. Among other changes, it converts agrarian land into urbanized land, and brings new agents into the land market (real estate investors, clients acquiring second homes, etc.). These two factors imply an increase in land prices that often gives way to a crisis of traditional agrarian activities and stimulates the emigration of the local population. The present article examines how this process takes place. Is it simply a mechanism of supply and demand? Or are other economic and political factors at work? To understand this phenomenon, we analyze three South American cases, one in Brazil and two in Ecuador, in which residential tourism is in different stages of development. Resumen: Turismo, desarrollo inmobiliario y descampesinizacion en America Latina El turismo residencial transforma las sociedades y economias rurales. Entre otros cambios, convierte la tierra de vocacion agraria en suelo urbanizable, e incorpora en el mercado de tierras a nuevos agentes (inversores inmobiliarios, clientes que adquieren la residencia, etc.). Estos dos factores comportan un incremento del precio del suelo que muchas veces impulsa la crisis de las actividades agrarias tradicionales y estimula la emigracion de la poblacion local. El presente texto examina como tiene lugar este proceso. ?Es el simple mecanismo de la oferta y la demanda? ?O actuan tambien otros factores economicos y politicos? Para ello, se analizan tres casos sudamericanos, uno en Brasil y dos en Ecuador, en los que el turismo residencial se encuentra en diferentes fases de desarrollo.","PeriodicalId":210797,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies | Revista Europea de Estudios Latinoamericanos y del Caribe","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123614656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Republics of the New World: The Revolutionary Political Experiment in Nineteenth-Century Latin America, by Hilda Sabato","authors":"James E. Sanders","doi":"10.18352/ERLACS.10366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/ERLACS.10366","url":null,"abstract":"Republics of the New World: The Revolutionary Political Experiment in Nineteenth-Century Latin America, by Hilda Sabato, Princeton University Press, 2018.","PeriodicalId":210797,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies | Revista Europea de Estudios Latinoamericanos y del Caribe","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122519043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Nicaraguan Peasants Stay in Agricultural Production Cooperatives","authors":"Ruerd Ruben, Z. Lerman","doi":"10.18352/ERLACS.9670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/ERLACS.9670","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the official support for parcellation of  agricultural production cooperatives created under  the Sandinista land reform in Nicaragua, a substantial number of peasants have decided to continue membership. Although theory suggests that  individual farms are more productive and more  efficient, Nicaraguan cooperatives did not fully  split up. We aim to identify the factors that govern  the choice of Nicaraguan peasants between staying in a cooperative and exiting to start a privately  owned farm. We used sample data from 475 landed households in four agroecological macroregions to compare resources, incomes and productivity of peasants continuing in production  cooperatives, former members of cooperatives  who became independent farmers, and peasants who had always been engaged in independent  farming. Low capital endowments of the new  independent farmers adversely affect their standard of living. Better access to non-farm income encourages peasants to remain in the cooperative  where they are less exposed to risk. Uncertainty associated with land ownership and difficulties  with resolution of cooperative debt play a dominant role in keeping Nicaraguan peasants in cooperatives. Cooperative members still maintain a  high degree of coordination of activities in order  to capture the benefits of rural development programmes. Resumen:  Porque los campesinos nicaraguenses permanecen en las cooperativas agricolas  de produccion  A pesar del apoyo oficial para la parcelacion de  las cooperativas agricolas de produccion creadas  durante la reforma agraria Sandinista en Nicaragua, un numero significativo de campesinos decidieron continuar con su membresia. Mientras la  teoria sugiere que fincas individuales son mas  productivas y mas eficientes, las cooperativas nicaraguenses no fueron completamente seccionadas en fincas individuales. Nuestro objetivo es  identificar los factores que rigen la decision de  campesinos nicaraguenses de permanecer en la  cooperativa, o desligarse y emprender una finca  privada. Hemos utilizado informacion estadistica  de 475 hogares rurales en cuatro regiones agroecologicas, donde se comparan los recursos, ingresos y productividad tanto de campesinos  miembros de cooperativas de produccion, como de anteriores miembros de cooperativas quienes  se independizaron, y tambien de campesinos  quienes siempre han sido agricultores por cuenta propia. Para los campesinos recientemente independientes, sus reducidos capitales afectan desfavorablemente su estandar de vida. Quienes se  quedan en la cooperativa, enfrentan menos riesgos  y registran ingresos extra fuera de la finca. Inseguridad asociada con la propiedad de la tierra y  las dificultades para pagar la deuda contraida con  la cooperativa, juegan un papel predominante para  mantener los campesinos Nicaraguenses en las cooperativas. Los miembros de las cooperativas  siguen manteniendo un alto grado de coordinacion  en actividades que les permiten captar beneficios  de los ","PeriodicalId":210797,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies | Revista Europea de Estudios Latinoamericanos y del Caribe","volume":"432 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116006285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}