pure and applied geophysics最新文献_第9页

Deep Neural Networks Based Denoising of Regional Seismic Waveforms and Impact on Analysis of North Korean Nuclear Tests 基于深度神经网络的区域地震波形去噪及其对朝鲜核试验分析的影响

IF 2 4区地球科学

pure and applied geophysics Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00024-024-03491-3

Andreas Steinberg, Peter Gaebler, Gernot Hartmann, Johanna Lehr, Christoph Pilger

{"title":"Deep Neural Networks Based Denoising of Regional Seismic Waveforms and Impact on Analysis of North Korean Nuclear Tests","authors":"Andreas Steinberg, Peter Gaebler, Gernot Hartmann, Johanna Lehr, Christoph Pilger","doi":"10.1007/s00024-024-03491-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-024-03491-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We test a deep learning based denoising autoencoder algorithm on regional and teleseismic seismological and hydroacoustic datasets, which we compile from the International Monitoring System of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organisation. We focus on stations which can be relevant to investigate North Korean nuclear tests. Denoising of waveform records using autoencoder techniques potentially enables improved signal detection and processing due to lowered signal-to-noise ratios. We train and compare the performance of several different denoising autoencoder models, for short- and long waveform periods, trained on the complete station network as well as on individual stations. We investigate if the denoised waveform signals are useful for seismic source analysis and if they can still be reliably used in downstream analysis for further inferences on the seismic source type, i.e. seismic moment tensor analysis. The declared North Korean nuclear tests are a suitable benchmark test set, as they have extensively been researched and their source type and location might be assumed known. Verification of the source type is of particular interest for potential nuclear tests under international law. We find that care needs to be taken using the denoised waveform data, as a slight bias is introduced in the seismic moment tensor analysis. However we also find promising results hinting at possible future use of the technique for standard analyses, as it improves the investigation of smaller events. Autoencoder based denoising techniques could be employed in future routine frameworks to increase earthquake catalog completeness and possibly aid in detecting smaller potential treaty relevant events.</p>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of Integrating Ensemble-Based Feature Selection and Novel Gradient Boosted Trees in Runoff Prediction: A Case Study in Vu Gia Thu Bon River Basin, Vietnam 基于集合的特征选择与新型梯度提升树在径流预测中的整合效果：越南 Vu Gia Thu Bon 河流域案例研究

IF 1.9 4区地球科学

pure and applied geophysics Pub Date : 2024-04-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00024-024-03486-0

Oluwatobi Aiyelokun, Quoc Bao Pham, Oluwafunbi Aiyelokun, Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh, Tirthankar Roy, Duong Tran Anh, Ewa Łupikasza

{"title":"Effectiveness of Integrating Ensemble-Based Feature Selection and Novel Gradient Boosted Trees in Runoff Prediction: A Case Study in Vu Gia Thu Bon River Basin, Vietnam","authors":"Oluwatobi Aiyelokun, Quoc Bao Pham, Oluwafunbi Aiyelokun, Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh, Tirthankar Roy, Duong Tran Anh, Ewa Łupikasza","doi":"10.1007/s00024-024-03486-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-024-03486-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional rainfall-runoff modeling techniques require large datasets and often an exhaustive calibration process, which is challenging, especially in poorly-gauged basins and resource-limited settings. Therefore, it is necessary to examine new ways of constructing predictive models for runoff that can achieve satisfactory results, while also minimizing the data requirement and model construction time. In this study, the effectiveness of integrating the Random Forest (RF) as an important feature identifier with novel gradient boosted trees to achieve satisfactory results was examined for two adjacent catchments in Vietnam. Antecedent daily runoff in combination with daily and one-day antecedent rainfall was found to significantly influence the runoff at the outlet of the catchments. Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) were effective in predicting day-ahead runoff. For instance, CatBoost with NSE, d, r, and R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.92, 0.98, 0.96, and 0.92, respectively, and XGBoost with NSE, d, r, and R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.91, 0.98, 0.96, and 0.92, respectively, are well suited for predicting runoff. A comparative analysis of their results with previous studies revealed that the models were very effective since they were able to better reduce generalization errors at different calibration and validation phases. This study presents the integration of RF and gradient boosted trees as a simplified alternative to computationally expensive and data-intensive physically-based rainfall-runoff models. The practitioners can build upon the experimentation presented in this study to minimize the computational time requirement, construction process complexity, and data requirement, which are often serious constraints in physically-based rainfall-runoff modeling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140811386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GNSS Gravity Leveling 全球导航卫星系统重力水平仪

IF 2 4区地球科学

pure and applied geophysics Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1007/s00024-024-03492-2

Hurong Duan, Yerui Zhang, Lelin Xing, Weifeng Liang

引用次数: 0

Deformation and Frictional Failure of Granular Media in 3D Analog and Numerical Experiments 三维模拟和数值实验中颗粒介质的变形和摩擦破坏

IF 1.9 4区地球科学

pure and applied geophysics Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1007/s00024-024-03464-6

P. I. Ioannidi, S. McLafferty, J. E. Reber, G. Morra, D. Weatherley

{"title":"Deformation and Frictional Failure of Granular Media in 3D Analog and Numerical Experiments","authors":"P. I. Ioannidi, S. McLafferty, J. E. Reber, G. Morra, D. Weatherley","doi":"10.1007/s00024-024-03464-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-024-03464-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Frictional sliding along grain boundaries in brittle shear zones can result in the fragmentation of individual grains, which ultimately can impact slip dynamics. During deformation at small scales, stick–slip motion can occur between grains when existing force chains break due to grain rearrangement or failure, resulting in frictional sliding of granular material. The rearrangement of the grains leads to dilation of the granular package, reducing the shear stress and subsequently leading to slip. Here, we conduct physical experiments employing HydroOrbs, an elasto-plastic material, to investigate grain comminution in granular media under simple shear conditions. Our findings demonstrate that the degree of grain comminution is dependent on both the normal force and the size of the grains. Using the experimental setup, we benchmark Discrete Element Method (DEM) numerical models, which are capable of simulating the movement, rotation, and fracturing of elasto-plastic grains subjected to simple shear. The DEM models successfully replicate both grain comminution patterns and horizontal force fluctuations observed in our physical experiments. They show that increasing normal forces correlate with higher horizontal forces and more fractured grains. The ability of our DEM models to accurately reproduce experimental results opens up new avenues for investigating various parameter spaces that may not be accessible through traditional laboratory experiments, for example, in assessing how internal friction or cohesion affect deformation in granular systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00024-024-03464-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140655389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of Seismicity and Seismic Hazard in the Coquimbo Region, Chile: A Probabilistic Study 智利科金博地区的地震特征和地震危害：概率研究

IF 1.9 4区地球科学

pure and applied geophysics Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1007/s00024-024-03474-4

Valentina Ojeda, Pedro Vega-Jorquera, Erick de la Barra, Luis Palma-Chilla, Luis Vidal, José Saavedra, Alfredo Pizarro

{"title":"Characterization of Seismicity and Seismic Hazard in the Coquimbo Region, Chile: A Probabilistic Study","authors":"Valentina Ojeda, Pedro Vega-Jorquera, Erick de la Barra, Luis Palma-Chilla, Luis Vidal, José Saavedra, Alfredo Pizarro","doi":"10.1007/s00024-024-03474-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-024-03474-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to seismically characterize Chile’s northern Coquimbo Region, data from 2003 to 2020 were considered. The region was divided into 30 zones of <span>(0.5^circ)</span> latitude and <span>(0.5^circ)</span> longitude and non-extensive statistical physics was used. Both, the Sotolongo–Costa–Posadas (SCP) and Mathai models were deployed to analyze the magnitude-frequency distribution. A sub-division into cells of the catalog allowed to demonstrate that systems with value of <span>(q sim 1)</span> present exponential behavior, while it was expected to obtain <span>(q > 1)</span>, by superimposing sub-systems supporting the superstatistical model. Thus, by subdividing the Coquimbo region into south and north, we found that in both zones the entropic index is greater than 1, <span>(q>1)</span>, However, in the southern zone the long-range effects are greater than in the north, according to the value obtained, which means both sectors are well described under a nonextensive statistical model, be it the SCP model or the Mathai one. The entropic index is <span>(q>1)</span> and in both cases <span>(R^2>0.99)</span>. As the region is considered as a whole, the nonextensive statistical distribution is the more adequate one. With respect to probabilistic seismic hazard assessment, Mathai’s model proved to have the better fit. Thus, the frequency-interevent time distribution was used for different limit magnitude values. Our analysis showed that the probability occurrence of a seismic event in the region’s north is lower than in the south considering the same period. In the north the behavior is of Poissonian type.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Features of the Waveforms of Nuclear Explosions and Earthquakes from the Lop Nor Test Site Area According to the Data of Seismic Stations in Central Asia 中亚地震台站数据显示的罗布泊核试验场地区核爆炸和地震波形特征

IF 2 4区地球科学

pure and applied geophysics Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00024-024-03482-4

Anna Berezina, Inna Sokolova, Yuri Kopnichev, Elena Pershina, Tatiana Nikitenko

引用次数: 0

Typical of Tsunami Hazard Potential from Earthquake and Landslide Sources in Palabuhanratu Bay, Indonesia 印度尼西亚帕拉布汉拉图湾地震和山体滑坡源海啸潜在危害的典型情况

IF 1.9 4区地球科学

pure and applied geophysics Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00024-024-03483-3

Wiko Setyonegoro, Aditya Riadi Gusman, Muhammad Hanif, Telly Kurniawan, Sri Ardhyastuti, Muhamad Mahfud Muqoddas, Mamoru Nakamura, Purna Sulastya Putra, Semeidi Husrin, Nuraini Rahma Hanifa, Septriono Hari Nugroho, Evie Hadrijantie Sudjono, Titi Anggono, Febty Febriani, Pepen Supendi, Mohamad Ramdhan, Agustya Adi Martha, Adrin Tohari, Iyan Turyana

{"title":"Typical of Tsunami Hazard Potential from Earthquake and Landslide Sources in Palabuhanratu Bay, Indonesia","authors":"Wiko Setyonegoro, Aditya Riadi Gusman, Muhammad Hanif, Telly Kurniawan, Sri Ardhyastuti, Muhamad Mahfud Muqoddas, Mamoru Nakamura, Purna Sulastya Putra, Semeidi Husrin, Nuraini Rahma Hanifa, Septriono Hari Nugroho, Evie Hadrijantie Sudjono, Titi Anggono, Febty Febriani, Pepen Supendi, Mohamad Ramdhan, Agustya Adi Martha, Adrin Tohari, Iyan Turyana","doi":"10.1007/s00024-024-03483-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-024-03483-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traces of past landslides were found on the seabed of Palabuhanratu Bay, West Java. This landslide is thought to have generated a tsunami, but has never been investigated before. This bay is located around the western part of the Cimandiri Fault which is an active horizontal fault with a length of 100 km. Therefore, it is necessary to study the potential impact of a tsunami in the Palabuhanratu Bay area caused by a combination of local earthquakes and underwater landslides around the bay. Evidence of past landslides was revealed through side-scan sonar data from the underwater research vessel Baruna Jaya IV in Palabuhanratu Bay, Indonesia, in 2020. The data from this survey provides evidence of debris flows (historical landslide data) at the survey site. We simulated 29 tsunami scenarios from combined landslide earthquake sources by solving shallow water nonlinear equations numerically. Tsunami sources from earthquakes are classified into three types, e.g., land faults, sea faults, and combinations of land and sea faults. While the source of the tsunami from the landslide is divided by volume. Combination of the earthquake magnitudes range from M6.80 to M7.85, and the landslide volume ranged from 3.06 × 10<sup>5</sup> m<sup>3</sup> to 2.5 × 10<sup>8</sup> m<sup>3</sup>. This study concludes that in our scenario, the M8.12 type T7 earthquake generates the largest tsunami in the study area, followed by the T6L5 scenario with M7.85 from the Cimandiri Fault and landslide with a total volume of 2.5 × 10<sup>8</sup> m<sup>3</sup>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140670171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temporal and Spatial Variations in Tropopause Pressure Levels (TPLs) Across the Northern Hemisphere 北半球对流层顶压力水平 (TPLs) 的时空变化

IF 1.9 4区地球科学

pure and applied geophysics Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00024-024-03484-2

Hossein Asakereh, Soma Zandkarimi

{"title":"Temporal and Spatial Variations in Tropopause Pressure Levels (TPLs) Across the Northern Hemisphere","authors":"Hossein Asakereh, Soma Zandkarimi","doi":"10.1007/s00024-024-03484-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-024-03484-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The tropopause serves a critical role in shaping global and regional weather and climate dynamics. Changes in tropopause characteristics can significantly impact other atmospheric components, thereby influencing Earth’s climate systems. In the long run, variations in tropopause features can lead to shifts in the thermal, dynamic, and chemical properties of the tropospheric layer. This study aims to investigate the descriptive attributes of tropopause pressure levels (TPLs) during different months, as well as the temporal and spatial trends in TPL across the Northern Hemisphere spanning from 1979 to 2022. Utilizing ERA5 temperature data for the 700 to 50 hPa range, the tropopause was identified using the lapse rate of tropopause (LRT), and its changes were analyzed employing the linear regression model with the least squares error approach. The results indicated that the spatial pattern of TPLs changed across various latitudes varies seasonally. Generally, the changes in TPLs did not exhibit a linear relationship with latitude, and in most observed months, the highest and lowest TPLs did not correspond to the lowest and highest latitudes, respectively. Examination of the trend in TPLs revealed that in numerous significant areas across different seasons, the trends were statistically insignificant. Where significant, the trends predominantly indicated negative changes (decreases), suggesting a reduction in pressure and potentially an increase in tropopause altitude in these regions, possibly reflecting the influence of global warming.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140676106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A One-Way Coupled Navier–Stokes-Serre Model for Simulating the Generation and Propagation of Tsunami Waves 模拟海啸波产生和传播的单向耦合纳维-斯托克斯-塞雷模型

IF 1.9 4区地球科学

pure and applied geophysics Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00024-024-03485-1

Zhikang Xin, Yunfeng Shi, Yunxing Zhang, Yifan Zhang

引用次数: 0

Modeling the 2022 Tonga Eruption Tsunami Recorded on Ocean Bottom Pressure and Tide Gauges Around the Pacific 太平洋周边洋底压力和潮汐测量仪记录的 2022 年汤加火山爆发海啸建模

IF 1.9 4区地球科学

pure and applied geophysics Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1007/s00024-024-03477-1

Yushiro Fujii, Kenji Satake

{"title":"Modeling the 2022 Tonga Eruption Tsunami Recorded on Ocean Bottom Pressure and Tide Gauges Around the Pacific","authors":"Yushiro Fujii, Kenji Satake","doi":"10.1007/s00024-024-03477-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-024-03477-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tsunamis generated by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption on January 15, 2022 were recorded on ocean bottom pressure and tide gauges around the Pacific Ocean, earlier than the expected arrival times calculated by tsunami propagation speed. Atmospheric waves from the eruption were also recorded globally with propagation speeds of ~ 310 m/s (Lamb wave) and 200–250 m/s (Pekeris wave). Previous studies have suggested that these propagating atmospheric waves caused at least the initial part of the observed tsunami. We simulated the tsunamis generated by the propagation of the Lamb and Pekeris waves by adding concentric atmospheric pressure changes. The concentric sources are parameterized by their propagation speeds, initial atmospheric wave amplitudes that decay with the distance, and a rise time. For the Lamb wave, inversions of the observed tsunami waveforms at 14 U.S. and nine New Zealand DART stations indicate the start of the positive rise at 4:16 UTC, the peak amplitude of 383 hPa, and the propagation speed of 310 m/s, assuming a rise time of 10 min. The later phases of the observed tsunami waveforms can be better reproduced by adding another propagating concentric wave (Pekeris wave) with a negative amplitude (− 50 hPa) and propagation speeds of 200–250 m/s. The DART records around the Pacific indicate that the Pekeris wave speed is faster toward the northwest and slightly slower toward the northeast. The synthetic waveforms roughly reproduced the far-field tsunami waveforms recorded at tide gauge stations, including the later phases, suggesting that the large amplitude in the later phase may be due to the coupling of the Pekeris wave and the tsunami, as well as resonance around tide gauge stations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00024-024-03477-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140625381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0