Recent patents on biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Advancements in Pharmacotherapy and Mobile Health Applications for Self-Management in Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Sepideh Heidaryfar, Maryam Poursadeghfard, Mohammad Hossein Morowvat","doi":"10.2174/0118722083399912251207132741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722083399912251207132741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system, affecting nearly three million individuals worldwide. Long-term pharmacotherapy and treatment adherence remain major determinants of relapse prevention and disability progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA guidelines, a narrative review compared FDA and EMA approved disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for MS. Clinical, real-world, and patentbased data were synthesized to evaluate efficacy, adherence, and safety profiles. Digital health applications supporting self-management were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Injectable therapies such as interferons and glatiramer acetate showed approximately 30% ARR reduction with excellent safety. Oral agents (fingolimod, dimethyl fumarate, teriflunomide, cladribine) achieved 45-55% ARR reduction and markedly better adherence, though periodic laboratory monitoring was required. Monoclonal antibodies (natalizumab, ocrelizumab) reached up to 68% relapse reduction, representing the highest efficacy while demanding close surveillance for PML and infection risks.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>While newer high-efficacy agents yield stronger disease control, the balance between potency, adherence, and practicality remains crucial. Oral DMTs provide the most realistic compromise for long-term management. Digital self-monitoring through validated m-health applications could substantially improve adherence and disease awareness. Integration of biotechnology with tele-neurology and AI-supported analytics represents the next step toward personalized MS care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Monoclonal antibodies define the upper limit of efficacy in current MS therapy, but sustainability depends on safety oversight and patient engagement. Oral formulations remain clinically pragmatic first-line options. The synergy between pharmacotherapy and mobile health technology offers a pathway to transform adherence, monitoring, and outcome optimization in future MS management.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147494063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Serum Taurine and PUMA in Staging Colorectal Cancer Patients.","authors":"Mohamed A Elashry, Safia Samir, Mohamed Elrefaiy, Olfat Hammam, Hoda Abu-Taleb, Yousra Ossama, Hesham A Elmeligy","doi":"10.2174/0118722083419407251202120006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722083419407251202120006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ranked as the third most diagnosed cancer globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the seventh most prevalent cancer in Egypt. This study aimed to assess the levels of taurine (Tau), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) in CRC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a pilot study involving 70 patients with CRC. Serum Tau was measured using ELISA, CEA was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and PUMA expression was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). All measurements were taken before surgery, one week after surgery, and one month later.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tau levels were significantly lower in adenocarcinoma groups (G1, G2, and G3) and in the malignant metastatic group compared with the control and inflammatory groups (p < 0.001). Tau levels increased in G1, G2, and G3 patients one week and one month after surgery. PUMA expression after surgery was higher than before surgery in G1, G2, and G3 adenocarcinoma groups, while it was absent in the metastatic group. The specificity of the Tau test before surgery, one week after, and one month after was 53.33%, 76.92%, and 46.67%, respectively. The specificity of the PUMA test was 76.92% before surgery and 71.43% after surgery. CEA levels were significantly higher in adenocarcinoma (G1 and G2) compared with control and inflammatory groups, whereas CEA staining intensity was significantly decreased in adenocarcinoma (G1 and G2) compared with these groups (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>PUMA expression tends to be lower in advanced CRC stages and increases after surgery, supporting its potential role in tumor suppression and prognosis. Taurine shows variable levels among CRC patients and may aid in non-invasive cancer staging; its lower serum levels are associated with more advanced disease, and levels rise following surgical removal of the tumor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights PUMA as a potential prognostic indicator for CRC. Tau levels may also hold diagnostic value and could contribute to the development of non-invasive screening methods for early CRC detection, particularly within the Egyptian population, which remains underrepresented in current research.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147322081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the Regulatory Landscape of mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA Interactions in COVID-19 Severity: Insights from Transcriptomic Analysis.","authors":"Soudabeh Sabetian, Mahboubeh Sadeghi, Ehsan Saleh Ahmadi, Claudia Cava, Mahintaj Dara, Mohammad Hossein Morowvat","doi":"10.2174/0118722083418291251127062436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722083418291251127062436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, has a highly variable clinical course, ranging from mild symptoms to severe systemic complications. Understanding the molecular basis of disease severity is essential for improving diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we performed transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with mild and severe COVID-19 to identify differentially expressed mRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and to construct a regulatory network including microRNAs (miRNAs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with mild and severe COVID-19 was performed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and to construct a regulatory network including microRNAs (miRNAs) using Cytoscape.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 674 mRNAs and 215 lncRNAs were differentially expressed between severe and mild cases, with key pathways enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and immunological synapse signaling. The lncRNAs NEAT1 and MALAT1 were identified as regulatory hubs and were broadly expressed across multiple immune and organ tissues. Predicted miRNAs (experimentally supported in interaction databases) were associated with inflammation- and cancer-related signaling pathways, including PI3K-Akt, JAK/STAT, and TNF.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings are consistent with recent patents (e.g., US2022/0298584A1, EP3892280A3, WO2023147669A1) that propose the use of noncoding RNAs and cytokines as biomarkers for COVID-19 diagnosis and severity assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings are consistent with recent patents (e.g., \"US20220298584A1\", \"EP3892280A3\", \"WO2023147669A1\") that propose the use of noncoding RNAs and cytokines as biomarkers for COVID-19 diagnosis and severity assessment. This integrative transcriptomic analysis highlights the regulatory role of noncoding RNAs in COVID-19 progression, exemplified by the central hub lncRNAs NEAT1 and MALAT1, which interact with inflammation- associated miRNAs and mRNA targets to modulate cytokine signaling. These findings offer specific transcriptomic biomarkers with potential for clinical application and therapeutic targeting.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on the Production of Cost-Effective Biodiesel from Animal Fat Wastes.","authors":"Sidra Aslam, Yasir Khalil, Fizza Rimal Butt, Yasir Nawaz, Saba Munir, Hafiza Fizzah Riaz, Saira Azam, Maria Parveen, Shan Zaib","doi":"10.2174/0118722083378315251128054701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722083378315251128054701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Biodiesel from animal waste provides an alternative source of fuel. It is eco-friendly and cheaper than conventional fuel obtained through the distillation of crude oil. Biodiesel is similar to petroleum diesel and can be used alone or blended with fossil diesel as an energy source. This study provides insight into the use of waste animal fats for biodiesel production.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data were retrieved from different sources, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and other scientific websites. Scope of the study can be clearly understood from the facts revealed from patent work.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The use of waste animal fats provides a renewable and eco-friendly alternative to petroleum diesel. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis methods have proven effective for processing WAFs, with KOH and NaOH commonly used in concentrations ranging from 1% to 2%. Increasing the catalyst concentration within a certain range can enhance biodiesel yield. However, the use of acid catalysts for transesterification of WAFs is time-intensive and requires a high alcohol-to-fat ratio. Despite these advantages, challenges remain in catalyst reuse for certain reactions and in managing complex selectivity combinations. Lipases in water-poor environments are also employed for transesterification.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The fatty acid profiles of both animal and vegetable sources have been found suitable for biodiesel production. Although it is a cheap source for generating fuel, using specific reaction media such as acyl acceptors and employing a combination of two enzymes on a specialized support can help further reduce costs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Currently, biodiesel is widely used in developed countries such as the US and Germany, but its adoption remains limited in developing nations. Optimizing transesterification methods-including the use of heterogeneous or homogeneous catalysis- and incorporating innovative technologies such as microwave-assisted enzymes can further enhance biodiesel yield and efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of TROP2 Gene Silencing in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Fatma Yakoub, Hanem Hassan, Samah Mamdouh, Tarek Aboushousha, Fatma B Rashidi, Mohamed A El-Desouky","doi":"10.2174/0118722083352578241225130252","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118722083352578241225130252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trophoblast Cell Surface Antigen 2 (Trop2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that has been implicated in the progression and metastasis of various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Targeting Trop2 expression may represent a promising approach for the development of novel therapeutic strategies and patents.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of Trop2 knockdown using small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of the HepG2 liver cancer cell line.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HepG2 cells were transfected with different concentrations of Trop2-targeting siRNA (3 nM, 5 nM, and 7 nM) at various time intervals (6, 24, and 48 hrs). The expression of Trop2 was assessed by real-time PCR before and after transfection. The impact of Trop2 knockdown on cell apoptosis, migration, morphology, histopathological features, wound-healing assays, and microscopic analysis was examined. Additionally, the expression of the TPM1 gene was evaluated using immunohistochemical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Trop2 mRNA level was significantly decreased in HepG2 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner following siRNA transfection. The downregulation of Trop2 resulted in a marked increase in apoptosis, a reduction in cell migration, and alterations in cell morphology and histopathological characteristics. Furthermore, the expression of the TPM1 gene was found to be upregulated in Trop2-knockdown HepG2 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlight the potential of Trop2 as a therapeutic target for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"166-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preface.","authors":"Nikolaos E Labrou","doi":"10.2174/0118722083417806250605092351","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118722083417806250605092351","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological Applications of Fava d'anta: A Patent Review.","authors":"Willams Alves da Silva, Igor Lima Soares, Kristiana Cerqueira Mousinho, Afonso Leoncio Saraiva Junior, Isabelle Bruna Menezes Ferreira Alencar, Laisa Graziely Araujo Magalhaes, Gabriel da Silva Procopio, Gabriel Maia Menezes, Kellen Miranda Sa, Rafaela Gomes Bezerra, Mary Anne Medeiros Bandeira","doi":"10.2174/0118722083349741250325035323","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118722083349741250325035323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A significant portion of the population in low-income countries relies on medicinal plants for healthcare. Fava d'anta is an important species in Brazil due to its bioactive compounds like quercetin and rutin. These compounds have various pharmaceutical applications, but the sustainability of their exploitation is challenged by overharvesting, necessitating sustainable management practices and further biotechnological advancements. The study conducted a comprehensive review of fava d'anta patents and their applications in various pharmacological activities, which are crucial for the development of new medicines and formulations. Patents were searched in four specialized patent databases: The United States Patent and Trademark Office, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Espacenet and the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI). A total of 109 patents were identified through document collection, with 26 patents meeting the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed a global concentration of innovation in regions like Europe and the United States. Fava d'anta has demonstrated a wide range of therapeutic properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, largely attributed to polyphenols. These bioactive components have shown potential in diverse applications, from nutraceuticals to cosmetics. Patent registrations highlight the significant potential of Dimorphandra species for phytoproducts, particularly due to compounds like quercetin and rutin, but further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms of action and enhance technological applications, especially in cosmetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"68-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Status of Microalgae-based Food Products: Future Trends of Functional Ingredients.","authors":"Marcele Leal Nörnberg, Luisa Chitolina Schetinger, Tatiele Casagrande do Nascimento, Pricila Nass Pinheiro, Patricia Acosta Caetano, Eduardo Jacob-Lopes, Leila Queiroz Zepka","doi":"10.2174/0118722083380758250802021828","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118722083380758250802021828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of microalgae in food and beverages is becoming increasingly popular as a viable way to develop products with enhanced nutritional profiles, offering positive health effects. In parallel, the plant-based food market is expanding due to the growing vegan, vegetarian, and flexitarian populations, prompting manufacturers to create innovative foods and techniques, such as the addition of microalgae to products. These functional and/or nutraceutical foods present an attractive option for consumers seeking plantbased alternatives. Although some challenges remain, this is a growing market. Furthermore, biotechnological processes are being utilized to optimize the production of microalgae with even more robust nutritional characteristics, thereby increasing their added value. This review was based on a structured literature search across major databases, applying predefined keywords and selection criteria to identify recent advances, regulatory aspects, and biotechnological developments in the field. These innovations hold significant potential to meet the rising demand for bioactive products and to propel a new era in the commercialization of microalgae-based products, a segment still underexplored in the current market. Additionally, progress in this sector depends on the development and protection of biotechnological innovations through patents, ensuring greater security and competitiveness in the industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"307-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognition, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review.","authors":"Yuping Qin, Xiangxia Deng, Shuang Zhang","doi":"10.2174/0118722083358924250606173812","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118722083358924250606173812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the global population ages, the health of older adults has become a growing concern. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common ailment affecting older adults, but the diagnosis and treatment of AD are difficult given our insufficient understanding of the disease. This review article and patents aim to provide reliable information for patients and their families by presenting a detailed overview of the pathogenic factors, diagnostic methods, and clinical manifestation of AD, as well as advances in drug and physical therapies. The information presented here should help provide a more comprehensive understanding of AD for patients and their families and encourage family- or self-screening based on clinical manifestations, thus improving early AD detection. In addition, the current treatment methods for AD are summarized. Although a goldstandard treatment for AD is yet to be developed, controlled-release therapies and medications that slow disease progression or improve cognitive function are available. The appropriate treatment method depends on the patient's diagnosis and the local medical level, and the effectiveness of the treatments may vary. Therefore, improving our understanding of AD and cognition-related symptoms in the public is necessary to improve early AD diagnoses. This review provides information that will facilitate self-screening for AD based on clinical manifestations, which can improve the early clinical diagnosis rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"260-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Green-Synthesized Nanoparticles on Dental Caries-Causing Bacteria: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Asma Sepahdar, Behnoush Selahbarzin, Atoosa Vaez Naini, Samira Jafari, Mehrnaz Moradi, Pegah Shakib","doi":"10.2174/0118722083343723241204053839","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118722083343723241204053839","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary objective of this review was to investigate the therapeutic implications of green-synthesized metallic nanoparticles, such as silver and zinc nanoparticles, in addressing dental caries, with a focus on their antibacterial properties and potential to improve current treatment modalities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, a comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science, as well as selected herbal medicine journals. The inclusion of herbal medicine journals was justified by the growing interest in green-synthesized nanoparticles derived from plant extracts, which are relevant to the focus of this review. Articles published between 2015 and 2023 were evaluated. To ensure a robust selection process, studies were assessed for quality using specific criteria beyond the AXIS checklist, including study design, sample size, and methodological rigor. Any discrepancies between reviewers were resolved through discussion or consultation with a third reviewer. This approach aimed to minimize bias and ensure the inclusion of high-quality studies that contribute meaningfully to the review's objectives.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, 22 clinical trials were reviewed, and the effectiveness of synthesized nanoparticles was demonstrated in nearly all of them. The nanoparticles found to be most effective against tooth decay-causing bacteria include silver, zinc, selenium, nickel, and copper nanoparticles. To provide greater clarity, key findings, such as nanoparticle size, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, and specific antibacterial effects, are presented in a table. Additionally, a more in-depth comparison was made between these nanoparticles, focusing on their relative effectiveness under different conditions. For example, silver nanoparticles were consistently effective across various trials due to their strong antimicrobial properties, while zinc and copper nanoparticles showed efficacy in specific concentrations and against particular bacterial strains. Furthermore, green-synthesized nanoparticles were compared with those produced using traditional methods, evaluating factors, such as effectiveness, scalability, and safety, to provide a comprehensive understanding of their potential in dental caries treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;According to the literature review, nanoparticles with antibacterial properties have the potential to serve as an alternative or complement to conventional chemical treatments for combating tooth decay. Future research should focus on exploring specific types of nanoparticles, such as green-synthesized metallic nanoparticles (e.g., silver and zinc), which have shown promising antibacterial effects, Many of these ideas are patentable. Additionally, more emphasis should be placed on optimizing synthesis methods that enhance biocompatibili","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"108-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}