Recent patents on biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Coronavirus-A Crippling Affliction to Humans.","authors":"Rimple Kaul, S. Devi","doi":"10.2174/1872208316666220404103033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872208316666220404103033","url":null,"abstract":"Coronaviruses hold idiosyncratic morphological features and functionality. The members of this group have a remarkable capability of infecting both animals and humans. Inimitably, the replication of the RNA genome continues through the set of viral mRNA molecules. Coronaviruses received the least attention until 2003 since they caused only minor respiratory tract illnesses. However, this changed exclusively with the introduction of zoonotic SARS-CoV in 2003. In 2012, MERS-CoV emerged and confirmed this group of viruses as the major causative agents of severe respiratory tract illness. Today, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (i.e., COVID-19) has turned out to be a chief health problem that causes a severe acute respiratory disorder in humans. Since the first identification of COVID-19 in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, this infection has devastatingly spread all around the globe leading to a crippling affliction for humans. The strain is known as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and WHO (the World Health Organization) has termed this new pandemic disease as Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). COVID-19 is still spreading, with an estimated 136 million confirmed cases and more than 2.94 million deaths worldwide so far while the pandemic is still going on. In the current scenario, there is no particular treatment for COVID-19, however remarkable efforts for immunization and vaccine development can be observed. Therefore, the execution of precautions and proper preventive measures are indispensable to minimize and control the community transmission of the virus. This review summarizes information about the pathophysiology, transmission, symptoms, and the host defense mechanism as well as immunization and vaccine development against COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42392132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meet the Editorial Board Member","authors":"E. Jirillo","doi":"10.2174/187220831601220408113712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/187220831601220408113712","url":null,"abstract":"Emilio Jirillo has been a full professor of immunology at the University of Bari Medical School (Bari, Italy) since 1986. His current fields of interest are mucosal immunity, microbial immunity, and immunonutrition. Especially in the field of immunonutrition, he has recently published in vitro and in vivo studies on the anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols. He is the author of more than 560 papers, among which, 326 scientific papers are listed in PUBMED, including complete books and some chapters of books. He is the editor-in-chiefof Clinical Immunology Endocrine Metabolic Drugs and Endocrine Metabolic Immune Disorders-Drug Targets.","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41509229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence and Updates on non-dairy synbiotic beverage development.","authors":"Rhaissa Coelho Andrade, Caroline Santana Figueredo, Janaína de Carvalho Alves, M. N. Roselino","doi":"10.2174/1872208316666220303095807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872208316666220303095807","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000With the increase in cases of intolerance and allergies to milk protein, new food possibilities have been studied as an alternative to dairy drinks in order to meet the needs of this population, such as, non-dairy synbiotic drinks.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000The aim of this study was to carry out an integrative literature review on the main types of non-dairy synbiotic beverages, in order to investigate the probiotics and prebiotics added to them. Besides, we also looked into the characteristics of the substrates and fermentation conditions (temperature, time and pH), to assess the influences on bacterial viability, consumer acceptance, conservation and antimicrobial action.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We conducted an integrative review of articles published on Pubmed, Web of Science, Scielo, Scopus and Capes journal in the last five years, using the following terms: symbiotic drink, symbiotic beverage, synbiotic drink, synbiotic beverage, bebida simbiótica, not kombucha, which after reading, resulted in the inclusion of 28 articles.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000As expected, the main probiotics used were from the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and the prebiotics were inulin and fructooligosaccharide. It is noteworthy that all analyzed beverages were in fact probiotics since they obtained values above the minimum viability of 6 log CFU / mL, consequently, they can bring benefits to consumers.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Thus, beyond fruits and vegetables being rich sources of nutrients, they also enable the development of synbiotic drinks delivered from their substrates, being an alternative for the public with restrictions to milk.","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45997925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of patent information to characterize trends in the therapeutic applications of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs).","authors":"Ángela Ponce-Polo, Alvaro RitoréHidalgo, Arturo Argüello Martínez, Roke Iñaki Oruezabal Guijarro","doi":"10.2174/1872208316666220303095217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872208316666220303095217","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC-EVs) are gaining interest for medical purposes. The promising therapeutic effects exhibited in both preclinical and clinical studies suggest that they may become an alternative for certain applications to cell-based therapies, which are subjected to stricter regulations. The commercial exploitation of these candidates requires a proper patent strategy from both the industry and public research organizations. Here, we raise a global patent literature analysis to identify key players and therapeutic applications in the field. Our results show an increasing rate of patent publications since 2009, with Asia (specifically China) leading the patenting activity. The therapeutic use of MSC-EVs within patent literature covers a wide range of diseases, in which \"Dermal and Wounds\", \"Neurology\" and \"Cardiovascular\" are the main therapeutic areas. Moreover, most of these patents include \"product-by-process\" claims, since the therapeutic effects of MSC-EVs could be influenced by their manufacturing process. Our results follow scientific and clinical literature trends.","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47944454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and approaches of drugs such as Memantine, Donepezil, Rivastigmine and Aducanumab in the treatment, control and management of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Mohammad Saeedi, F. Mehranfar","doi":"10.2174/1872208316666220302115901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872208316666220302115901","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a kinds of neuropsychiatric illnesses that affect the central nervous system. In this disease, the accumulation of amyloid-beta increases, and phosphorylated tau (P-tau) protein, one of the ways to treat this disease is to reduce the accumulation of amyloid-beta. Various studies have demonstrated that pharmacological approaches have considerable effects in the treatment of AD, despite the side effects and challenges. Cholinesterase inhibitors and the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine are presently authorized therapies for AD. Memantine and Donepezil are the most common drugs for the prevention and therapy of AD with mechanisms such as lessened β-amyloid plaque, effect on N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Diminution glutamate and elevated acetylcholine are some of the influences of medications administrated to treat AD, and drugs can also play a role in slowing the progression of cognitive and memory impairment. A new pharmacological approach and strategy is required to control the future of AD. This review appraises the effects of memantine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and aducanumab in clinical trials, in vitro and animal model studies that have explored how these drugs versus AD development and also discuss possible mechanisms of influence on the brain. Research in clinical trials has substantial findings that support the role of these medications in AD treatment and ameliorate the safety and efficacy of AD therapy, although more clinical trials are required to prove their effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47012328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Current Understanding, Research, and Therapeutic Updates.","authors":"Dudala Sai Sushma,&nbsp;Varun Jaiswal,&nbsp;Arvind Kumar,&nbsp;Syed Asha,&nbsp;Tarun Pal","doi":"10.2174/1872208315666210805152122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872208315666210805152122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Humans can be infected with various coronaviruses that can cause serious illness and death. One such pandemic strain of coronavirus was recently identified in December 2019, and it led to a devastating outbreak in Wuhan city of China. It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2). It is highly contagious and causes symptoms such as fever, cough, and shortness of breath.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this review is to highlight the current understanding, research, and therapeutic updates of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A thorough literature search was conducted for research papers and patents in the context of COVID-19. All the related articles were extracted from various public repositories such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, ScienceDirect (Elsevier), Springer, Web of Science, etc. Results: The present analysis revealed that the key areas of the inventions were vaccines and diagnostic kits apart from developing the treatment of CoV. It was also observed that no specific vaccine treatments were available for the treatment of 2019-nCov; therefore, developing novel chemical or biological drugs and kits for early diagnosis, prevention, and disease management is the primary governing topic among the patented inventions. The present study also indicates potential research opportunities for the future, particularly to combat 2019-nCoV. The current focus of the researches has turned towards developing four potential treatments, including the development of candidate vaccines, development of novel potential drugs, repurposing of existing drugs, and development of convalescent plasma therapy. The PCR based diagnosis is the gold standard for the COVID-19 testing, but it requires resource time, expertise, and high associated cost; hence researchers are also developing different diagnostic methods for the COVID-19. Although vaccines are being developed by various companies and have passed the pre-clinical stages but there still exists no guarantee for these to come into effect. The current treatments that are being used for COVID-19 patients are not well established and have shown limited success.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pandemic has challenged the medical, economic, and public health infrastructure across the globe. There is an urgent need to explore all available and possible methods/ approaches to study this disease for drug and vaccine development at the earliest.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39279210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan Oligomer and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Treating Wastewaters: US20190134086 Patent Evaluation.","authors":"Fernanda Guimarães Valverde,&nbsp;Daniela Droppa-Almeida,&nbsp;Francine Ferreira Padilha","doi":"10.2174/1872208315666211026104828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872208315666211026104828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the utilisation of algae, wastewater reuse is becoming a viable option for the energy industry, especially green energy. The growth of these algae in these wastewaters provides an alternative source for bioenergetics, however, the growth of other microorganisms can directly affect the production of bioenergy, requiring the removal and reduction of contaminants in these waters, in addition to being a source of contamination for workers. Therefore, the use of nanoparticles in bioremediation has been an alternative to mitigate the contamination of these wastewaters that have microorganisms capable of reducing the algae growth capacity. The objective of this work was to verify in the United States Patent and Trademarker office database (USPTO) patents that used chitosan nanoparticles as a form of wastewater treatment and to carry out the analysis of patent US20190134086, which addresses the use of zinc oxide nanoparticles associated with chitosan that was developed and used to evaluate their antibacterial activity against resistant microorganisms and biofilm producers present in wastewater. Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, and/or Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the microorganisms involved in the evaluated invention, bacteria present in the gastrointestinal tract, of clinical and environmental importance. The synthesized nanoparticles are arranged as a pharmaceutically acceptable and toxic vehicle against resistant bacteria, thus being described as nanoremediators. Given the analyzed patent, it was possible to verify the importance of alternatives to reduce the impact that pollution, in general, has on the environment, in addition to the proposed technology serving to maintain the survival and development capacity of the algae that will be able to produce green energy, the nanoparticles with antibacterial potential can help indirectly reduce these pathogenic strains with resistance to several antibiotics in the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39563034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Implications of Vouacapan Compounds for Insecticidal Activity: An In Silico Study.","authors":"Lisset Ortiz-Zamora,&nbsp;Jaderson V Ferreira,&nbsp;Nayana K S de Oliveira,&nbsp;Fábio A de Molfetta,&nbsp;Lorane I S Hage-Melim,&nbsp;Caio P Fernandes,&nbsp;Anna E M F M Oliveira","doi":"10.2174/1872208316666220106110902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872208316666220106110902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>From the fruits and seeds of the species of Pterodon, it is possible to obtain two main products: essential oil and oleoresin. In oleoresin, numerous vouacapan compounds have been demonstrated to have biological potential, including insecticidal activity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In silico studies were performed to identify potential candidates for natural insecticides among the vouacapans present in the genus Pterodon.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies were performed to analyze the interaction of vouacapan compounds with acetylcholinesterase of Drosophila melanogaster. Pharmacokinetic parameters regarding physicochemical properties, plasma protein binding, and activity in the central nervous system were evaluated. The toxicological properties of the selected molecules were predicted using malathion as the reference compound.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>6α,7β-dimethoxivouacapan-17-ene (15) showed a high number of interactions and scores in molecular docking studies. These results suggested that this compound exhibits an inhibitory activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This compound showed the best results regarding physicochemical properties, besides presenting low cutaneous permeability values, suggesting null absorption. Molecular dynamics studies demonstrated few conformational changes in the structure of the complex formed by compound 4 and acetylcholinesterase enzyme throughout the simulation time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was determined that compound 4 (vouacapan 6α,7β,17β,19-tetraol) could be an excellent candidate for usage as a natural insecticide.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39794852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Powerful Stress Relieving Medicinal Plants for Anger, Anxiety, Depression, and Stress During Global Pandemic.","authors":"Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian","doi":"10.2174/1872208316666220321102216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872208316666220321102216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Consideration and improvement for anxiety and depression are important during a global pandemic. Appropriate healthcare can be obtained by paying more attention to traditional medicinal sciences. The adverse effects of stress with various symptoms can be managed by introducing plants that boost mental health. The most relevant psychological reactions in the general population related to the global pandemic are pervasive anxiety, frustration and boredom, specific and uncontrolled fear, disabling loneliness, significant lifestyle changes, and psychiatric conditions. Ginseng, chamomile, passionflower, herbal tea, lavender, saffron, kava, rose, cardamom, Chinese date, and some chief formula like yokukansan, Dan-zhi-xiao-yao-san, so-ochim-tang-gamiband, and saikokaryukotsuboreito are notable herbal treatments for mental health problems. The most common medicinal plants that have been used in Iran for the cure of stress and anxiety are Viper's-buglosses, Dracocephalum, valerian, chamomile, common hop, hawthorns, and lavender. Medicinal plants and herbs can be used for the treatment and alleviation of the negative effects of stress, anger, and depression during the global pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40314731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Five Escherichia coli Derivative Strains as a Platform for Arginine Deiminase Overproduction.","authors":"Sara Abdollahi,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Morowvat,&nbsp;Amir Savardashtaki,&nbsp;Cambyz Irajie,&nbsp;Sohrab Najafipour,&nbsp;Younes Ghasemi","doi":"10.2174/1872208315666211122114625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872208315666211122114625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study attempted to evaluate the five host strains, including BL21 (DE3), Rosetta (DE3), DH5α, XL1-BLUE, and SHuffle, in terms of arginine deiminase (ADI) production and enzyme activity.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Escherichia coli is one of the most preferred host microorganisms for the production of recombinant proteins due to its well-characterized genome, availability of various expression vectors, and host strains. Choosing a proper host strain for the overproduction of a desired recombinant protein is very important because of the diversity of genetically modified expression strains. Various E. coli cells have been examined in different patent applications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ADI was chosen as a bacterial enzyme that degrades L-arginine. It is effective in the treatment of some types of human cancers like melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which are arginine-auxotrophic. Five mentioned E. coli strains were cultivated. The pET-3a was used as the expression vector. The competent E. coli cells were obtained through the CaCl2 method. It was then transformed with the construct of pET3a-ADI using the heat shock strategy. The ADI production levels were examined by 10% SDS-PAGE analysis. The ability of host strains for the expression of the requested recombinant protein was compared. The enzymatic activity of the obtained recombinant ADI from each studied strain was assessed by a colorimetric 96-well microtiter plate assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the five strains exhibited a significant band at 46 kDa. BL21 (DE3) produced the highest amount of ADI protein, followed by Rosetta (DE3). The following activity assay showed that ADI from BL21 (DE3) and Rosetta (DE3) had the most activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There are some genetic and metabolic differences among the various E. coli strains, leading to differences in the amount of recombinant protein production. The results of this study can be used for the efficacy evaluation of the five studied strains for the production of similar pharmaceutical enzymes. The strains also could be analyzed in terms of proteomics.</p>","PeriodicalId":21064,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39736846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}