Radiology and Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Fibulin-3 in plasma and pleural effusion as a biomarker of mesothelioma.","authors":"Katja Adamic, Mateja Marc Malovrh, Urska Bidovec Stojkovic, Ales Rozman","doi":"10.2478/raon-2025-0024","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2025-0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a global health concern linked to asbestos exposure. In Slovenia, regions with high asbestos exposure rates make MPM a significant public health issue. Although thoracoscopic biopsy is the gold standard for MPM diagnosis, its invasiveness highlights the need for reliable, non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This prospective study evaluated the diagnostic potential of fibulin-3 as a biomarker for MPM, focusing on its ability to distinguish MPM from other pleural conditions, its association with disease stage and histological subtype, and its prognostic value for survival. Ninety patients, who underwent diagnostic thoracoscopic biopsy from January 2013 to October 2014, were included. Fibulin-3 levels in plasma and pleural effusion were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and clinical data were analysed with statistical tests, including receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study cohort comprised 32 patients with MPM, 24 with metastatic pleural carcinoma, and 34 with benign pleural diseases. Plasma fibulin-3 levels were significantly elevated (p = 0.0132) in MPM patients compared to those with benign pleural effusions due to asbestos exposure, with a cut-off of 12.31 ng/mL showing 100% specificity but low sensitivity (39.39%). Elevated fibulin-3 levels in pleural effusion correlated with advanced disease (p = 0.0463) and aggressive histological subtypes (p = 0.0324). No significant survival correlation was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While plasma fibulin-3 is a highly specific biomarker for MPM, its low sensitivity limits its standalone diagnostic utility. Its potential role in risk stratification and early detection of MPM at-risk populations using combination of different and new biomarkers warrants further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":"59 2","pages":"225-232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deviation of the upper, middle and lower thirds of the rectum during irradiation of rectum cancer.","authors":"Klemen Salmic, Valerija Zager Marcius, Irena Oblak","doi":"10.2478/raon-2025-0020","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2025-0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In patients with rectal cancer, daily fluctuations in rectal volume often lead to large deformations of the target volume that cannot be corrected by adjusting the radiation couch. The main aim of the study was to determine the deviation of all three thirds of the rectum from the reference position and to determine whether these deviations are influenced by the alignments to the bony structures (the sacrum) and the posterior rectal wall.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The conduct of the study was divided into review of the database, contouring of the anatomic structures on the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, data collection of the deviations and data output, with the alignment to the bony structures (the sacrum) - and the alignment to the posterior rectal wall performed separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty preoperatively irradiated patients were included in the study. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences in terms of alignment to the bony structures for different variations of the rectal thirds in the anterior (+), posterior (+), posterior (-), left (-), right (+) and right (-) directions. With regard to the alignment to the posterior rectal wall, the analysis showed statistically significant differences for different variations of the rectal thirds in directions anterior (+), posterior (+), posterior (-), left (-), right (+), right (-) and bone (+). <i>(The positive value (+) means that the rectum was larger and the negative value (-) means that the rectum is smaller than in the reference position of the CT simulator images.)</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The position of the rectal thirds changes daily in alignment with the bony structures (the sacrum), and in alignment with the posterior rectal wall.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":"59 2","pages":"277-284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI features and prognostic evaluation in patients with subventricular zone-contacting IDH-wild-type glioblastoma.","authors":"Shijiao Pan, Yang Chen, Shan Zhao, Jingjing Pan, Shengsheng Xu","doi":"10.2478/raon-2025-0029","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2025-0029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The subventricular zone (SVZ), the brain's largest neural stem cells reservoir, plays a critical role in glioblastoma development and progression. This study aims to investigate the association between MRI features and SVZ contact in IDH-wild-type glioblastoma, as well as their prognostic significance to guide personalized diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the MRI and clinical data of 371 patients with IDH-wild-type glioblastoma from The Cancer Imaging Archive. Tumors were classified into SVZ contact and non-contact group based on the spatial relationships between contrast-enhanced lesions and the SVZ on T1C imaging. Group differences were analyzed, and survival outcomes were assessed using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SVZ contact was observed in 64.4% of patients, these patients exhibited significantly shorter overall survival (OS) compared to the SVZ non-contact group (11.0 <i>vs</i>. 17.5 months, p < 0.001), larger tumor size (5.07 <i>vs</i>. 3.31 cm, p < 0.001), and higher rates of crossing the midline (11.7% <i>vs</i>. 0%, p < 0.001). They also showed higher rates of cystic lesions and necrosis. Cox regression confirmed SVZ contact as an independent predictor of poor OS (p = 0.027), alongside multifocal lesions and age. OS significantly differed by SVZ contact regions (p < 0.001), with temporal horn contact linked to longer OS and body contact to shorter OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SVZ contact is an independent prognostic factor for OS in IDH-wild-type glioblastoma, they exhibit larger tumor size, higher rates of crossing the midline, and multifocality. Prognostic differences among SVZ contact regions warrant further investigation to explore the role of their distinct microenvironments.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"329-336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgery to chemoradiotherapy time may not impact outcomes in glioblastoma patients treated with modern techniques: a single-institution study.","authors":"Volkan Semiz, Hasan Oguz Cetinayak, Barbaros Aydin, Cenk Umay, Fadime Can","doi":"10.2478/raon-2025-0031","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2025-0031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with temozolomide is the standard treatment for glioblastoma patients. But, the time between surgery and CRT is still a controversial issue. This study investigated the impact of delay in CRT after surgery on overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Patients aged ≥ 18 years with IDH-wild type glioblastoma, who received 60 Gy concomitant CRT with temozolomide were included in the study. Exclusion criteria include patients who underwent biopsy only, had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status > 1, or presented with multicentric tumors. The interval between surgery and CRT was categorized according to 42 days, and delays after this point were defined as delayed treatment initiation. Statistical analyses included Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median OS for the regular and delayed groups was 18 and 19 months, and the PFS was 11.8 and 14.6 months, respectively. Delayed patients showed better PFS, but no statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of OS and PFS (p = 0.149, p = 0.076). In multivariate analysis, ECOG performance score 1 and subtotal resection were associated with poor prognosis for both OS and PFS (for OS p = 0.031, p < 0.001; for PFS p = 0.038, p = 0.029). When the time from surgery to CRT was analyzed according to the extent of surgery, no significant difference was observed in OS and PFS (p = 0.068, P = 0.057).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings showed that delays of more than 42 days in adjuvant CRT did not affect OS or PFS. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of delayed adjuvant therapy in patients with subtotal resection.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"244-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12288945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of epicardial adipose tissue volume and carotid intima-media thickness in children with primary arterial hypertension by magnetic resonance imaging.","authors":"Nina Schweighofer, Natasa Marcun Varda, Primoz Caf, Mitja Rupreht, Vojko Kanic, Petra Povalej Brzan","doi":"10.2478/raon-2025-0030","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2025-0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a biologically active visceral brown adipose tissue, which is irregularly distributed across myocardium. It has emerged as a potential modifiable cardiometabolic biomarker in adults, demonstrating pro-inflammatory properties with involvement in subclinical atherosclerosis. The increased thickness of the inner two layers of the carotid artery wall (intima and media) in childhood can pose as a risk of the development of atherosclerotic disease and its complications in adult life, representing additional potential biomarker. The purpose of our study was to evaluate a relation between EAT volume (EATV) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in children and adolescents who have been diagnosed with primary arterial hypertension (AH), utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The study included 72 children and adolescents, half of them had an established diagnosis of primary AH and the other half were matched healthy controls. The EATV and cIMT measurements were compared between the two groups and correlated with clinical, anthropometric and functional parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children diagnosed with AH exhibited a significantly higher EATV (16.5 ± 1.9 cm³ <i>vs</i>. 10.9 ± 1.5 cm³; t = -13.815, p < 0.001) and higher cIMT (0.7 [0.2] mm <i>vs</i>. (0.4 [0.1) mm]; U = 54, p < 0.001) compared with their healthy counterparts. EATV demonstrated a significant correlation with cIMT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased EATV and cIMT were found with MRI in hypertensive children compared to their healthy counterparts. EATV demonstrated a stronger association with hypertension than cIMT. EATV emerged as an independent predictor of cIMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"319-328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are there clinically relevant prognostic factors in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma beyond International Prognostic Index?","authors":"Milica Miljkovic, Vita Setrajcic Dragos, Gorana Gasljevic, Srdjan Novakovic, Lucka Boltezar, Barbara Jezersek Novakovic","doi":"10.2478/raon-2025-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2025-0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has variable prognosis, with only 50 to 60% of patients cured by standard first line treatment. Identifying patients unlikely to benefit from standard first line therapy is therefore crucial. Schmitz's study identified four molecular subtypes of DLBCL with differing prognoses: MCD, BN2, Nl, and EZB, with BN2 and EZB showing more favorable outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Archer FusionPlex Lymphoma Assay in identifying the newly defined genetic subtypes of DLBCL, while also exploring the association between immunohistochemical (IHC) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods for classifying the cell of origin (COO) and assessing their predictive value for patient survival.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We classified 131 DLBCL patients using Hans algorithm into GCB (germinal center B-cell-like) and ABC (activated B-cell-like) subtypes, and with NGS applying Archer FusionPlex lymphoma assay into ABC, GCB, unclassified, and into Schmitz's novel genetic subtypes. A mutational analysis of just 7 genes (MYD88^L265P, CD79B, <i>EZH2, NOTCH1, NOTCH2, BCL2</i>, and BCL6) was used for genetic classification. Various statistical models were applied to assess survival differences between subtypes. Finally, STRATOS analysis was conducted to validate our preliminary statistical findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>35.9% of patients were successfully classified into new genetic subtypes, with acceptable consistency between IHC and NGS method for COO determination. However, the new genetic subtype classification by NGS did not correlate with overall survival, nor did the COO classifications by IHC or NGS. The inclusion of these classifications also did not improve the predictive value of models compared to the basic model based on the International Prognostic Index (IPI) only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Archer FusionPlex Lymphoma assay showed a somewhat lower detection rate of novel genetic subtypes compared to reports based on exome sequencing, yet identified novel genetic subtypes in over one-third of patients. However, an in-depth STRATOS statistical analysis did not confirm its predictive value for DLBCL prognosis, likely due to factors like patient selection and sample size limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of periodontal disease and periodontal treatment on colorectal cancer.","authors":"Ursa Potocnik Rebersak, Erik Brecelj, Rok Schara","doi":"10.2478/raon-2025-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2025-0025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontal disease (PD) is associated with more than 50 diseases and conditions, including colorectal cancer. The study aimed to investigate if periodontal treatment influences the blood levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in colorectal cancer patients. In addition, the aim was to isolate periodontal pathogenic bacteria <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> (FN) and <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (PG), which are most linked to colorectal cancer (CRC), from the mucosa of the cancer-affected intestine.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>To assess the effect of periodontal treatment on colorectal cancer, we measured the CRP levels in the blood during cancer therapy on the day of the initial examination by the oncological surgeon, two days following surgery, and at the first follow-up appointment. We compared the CRP levels between two groups: the group of subjects who underwent periodontal treatment and the patients who did not receive periodontal disease treatment. An attempt was made to isolate the periodontal pathogenic bacteria FN and PG from the mucosa of the cancerous tissue in the colon by using quantitative culture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found no statistically significant difference between the groups in the initial CRP measurements before starting cancer treatment. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the CRP measurements taken 1st and 2nd day after surgery and at the follow-up appointment. We could not isolate periodontal pathogenic bacteria FN and PG from cancer-altered intestine mucosa using the quantitative culture method.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study did not find any correlation between periodontal treatment and CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of the stem cell markers NANOG and SOX2 in the cervical squamous carcinogenesis.","authors":"Miha Koren, Margareta Zlajpah, Mario Poljak, Kristina Fujs Komlos, Margareta Strojan Flezar","doi":"10.2478/raon-2025-0026","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2025-0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of the present study was to assess a diagnostic potential of stem cell markers NANOG and SOX2 for classifying cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs)/cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>NANOG and SOX2 expression was evaluated immunohistochemically on 40 patients: in 10 cases each of low-grade SIL (LSIL), high-grade SIL/CIN, grade 2 (HSIL/CIN 2), HSIL/CIN, grade 3 (HSIL/CIN 3), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) and their adjacent non-dysplastic squamous epithelium. In addition, human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping and immunohistochemical staining with p16 and Ki-67 were done. NANOG and SOX2 expression was compared between squamous lesions and controls and between squamous lesions by multiplying staining intensity (SI) by the percentage of positive cells (P) and by multiplying SI by the thickness of staining in epithelium (T) to calculate SI x P and SI x T score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NANOG and SOX2 expression gradually increased from non-dysplastic squamous epithelium via LSIL and HSIL to CSCC. Expression of NANOG and SOX2 was higher in LSIL compared to controls (P < 0.05 for NANOG Si x P and Si x T scores and SOX2 SI x T score) and lower compared to HSIL (P < 0.05 for all SI x P and SI x T scores). HSIL/CIN 3 showed higher SOX2 expression than HSIL/CIN 2 (P < 0.05 for SI x P and SI x T scores).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Contrary to p16, NANOG and SOX2 could be effective for distinguishing LSIL from non-dysplastic changes. NANOG and SOX2 could be surrogate markers for differentiating LSIL from HSIL. Moreover, SOX2 could be helpful for distinguishing HSIL/CIN 2 from HSIL/CIN 3. Further studies with larger numbers of patients and molecular insights are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"213-224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient gene transfer by pulse parameters for electrochemotherapy of cells <i>in vitro</i> and in muscle and melanoma tumors in mice.","authors":"Masa Omerzel, Bostjan Markelc, Simona Kranjc Brezar, Gregor Sersa, Maja Cemazar","doi":"10.2478/raon-2025-0027","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2025-0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, various gene therapy strategies have been developed for cancer treatment. One of these strategies is electroporation-based delivery of therapeutic transgenes - gene electrotransfer (GET). Electrochemotherapy and GET have been combined in several contemporary preclinical and veterinary studies. In most cases, two different pulse protocols are used, each for a specific treatment. The aim of our current study was to test whether the standard pulse protocol used in daily clinical practice for electrochemotherapy can also be used for effective GET.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Experiments were performed <i>in vitro</i> in a tumor (B16F10) and two normal tissue cell lines (C2C12 myoblasts and L929 fibroblasts). Four different GET protocols, three using monopolar electric pulses and one bipolar electric pulses, were tested for the GET of plasmid DNA, which codes for green fluorescent protein <i>in vitro</i>. In addition, two GET protocols were chosen for <i>in vivo</i> tumor and muscle transfection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two GET protocols using monopolar electric pulses of different voltages delivered at 1 Hz transfected B16F10 tumor cells significantly better than normal cells. GET4 protocol, which uses monopolar electric pulses at 5 kHz, again transfected the B16F10 tumor cells significantly better, but the difference to the C2C12 myoblast cells was not significant. Compared with other GET protocols, GET3 using bipolar electric pulses at 1 Hz was significantly less effective. Both the GET2 (1 Hz) and GET4 (5 kHz) protocols resulted in similar tumor transfection efficiencies, whereas only the GET4 protocol was effective for muscle transfection <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated the efficient transfection of tumors and muscles with the GET4 pulse protocol, which is used clinically for electrochemotherapy. The use of this protocol could enable simultaneous electrochemotherapy and GET of the therapeutic gene in one session, which will significantly shorten the procedure and thus will be more tolerable for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"203-212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomography differentiation of compact and cancellous bone tissue in short and sesamoid bones.","authors":"Ziva Miriam Gersak, Irena Zupanic-Pajnic, Eva Podovsovnik, Vladka Salapura","doi":"10.2478/raon-2025-0022","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2025-0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Selecting the most suitable skeletal remains for genetic analysis is challenging due to the variable DNA yield across different bone types and within individual bones. Compact bone typically preserves DNA longer, whereas cancellous bones, such as those in the hands and feet, often contain higher DNA quantities. This study aimed to incorporate dual-source computed tomography (DSCT), a technique frequently utilized for assessing bone density in living subjects, into targeted DNA sampling for dry, skeletonized remains by mapping compact and cancellous regions within six small skeletal elements.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 137 bones were analysed using an imaging protocol specifically adapted to highlight the skeletal structure of small bones. This tailored protocol involved meticulous calibration of imaging parameters. Anatomical landmarks for six distinct elements were identified, and regions of interest were selected for bone density measurement in Hounsfield units (HU).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 461 assessed regions, 312 (68%) were classified as compact bone, and 149 (32%) as cancellous bone. Given the abnormal distribution of data, statistical differences were evaluated using 95% confidence intervals, with significance indicated by non-overlapping intervals. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences between compact and cancellous bone, as well as within each type across different bones.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DSCT proved effective in mapping the internal structure of six small skeletal elements in dry, skeletonized remains, underscoring significant intra-bone variability in density. The findings illustrate DSCT's substantial potential for enhancing DNA sampling in forensic and paleogenetic studies, setting the stage for future research advancements.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"311-318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}