Radiology and Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of complications between laparoscopic and open abdominal approaches in morbidly obese patients with early-stage endometrial carcinoma.","authors":"Ajda Kljajic, Branko Cvjeticanin, Borut Kobal, Matija Barbic, Spela Smrkolj, Ivan Verdenik, Mija Blaganje","doi":"10.2478/raon-2026-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2026-0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecological malignancy globally. Its rising incidence is closely linked to the increasing prevalence of morbid obesity (body mass index [BMI] > 40 kg/m²), which elevates the technical difficulty of surgery and the risk of perioperative complications. Identifying the optimal surgical approach is critical for this high-risk population.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective study with prospectively collected data compared laparoscopic (LPSC) versus open abdominal (LAP) surgical approaches for low risk endometrioid carcinoma in morbidly obese patients. Data were collected over an eleven-year period (January 2013-December 2023) and included 73 patients (58 LPSC, 15 LAP) who met the inclusion criteria (BMI > 40 kg/m², low-grade, early-stage endometrioid carcinoma). Outcomes measured included operative time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, and intraoperative/postoperative complications, which were rigorously classified using the Clavien-Dindo system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline patient characteristics were comparable between the two groups. The LPSC group demonstrated significantly superior perioperative outcomes. The average postoperative hospital stay was markedly shorter in the LPSC group (4.5 days) compared to the LAP group (12.7 days). Furthermore, LPSC was associated with lower rates of reoperation, transfusions, and postoperative anemia. Crucially, LPSC resulted in a statistically lower occurrence of severe postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo Grade II and III).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>he laparoscopic approach offers clear and significant perioperative advantages over open abdominal surgery for morbidly obese patients with low-risk endometrial carcinoma. Given the improved safety profile, LPSC or robotic-assisted surgery should be established as the preferred initial surgical approach in these technically challenging cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irreversible electroporation ablation with bipolar electrodes: ultrasound findings of ablation zones.","authors":"Linyu Zhou, Qiang Chen, Ju Li, Chengyue Zhang, Shengyong Yin, Min Xu, Tian'an Jiang","doi":"10.2478/raon-2026-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2026-0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to explore the ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging characteristics and dimensions of ablation lesions after irreversible electroporation of the swine liver and to determine which imaging modality is more suitable for post-procedural follow-up by correlating imaging findings with histopathology.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Irreversible electroporation procedures were conducted on three swine with single bipolar electrodes. All procedures were carried out after laparotomy. Twenty-four ablation zones were created under ultrasound guidance. Ultrasound and CEUS evaluations were performed immediately and 48 h after irreversible electroporation. Liver specimens were harvested 48 h after irreversible electroporation for histopathological analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ablation area appeared as a hypoechoic, well-defined lesion on ultrasound and showed no enhancement on CEUS immediately after irreversible electroporation. At 48 h, the ablation zone appeared as an inhomogeneous hyperechoic area with a hyperechoic margin and blurred boundaries on ultrasound. CEUS clearly delineated the boundary of the ablation zone and demonstrated centripetal enhancement. The dimensions of the ablation area measured on CEUS 48 h after irreversible electroporation showed the highest correlation with the pathologic ablation zone size (length: r = 0.909, width: r = 0.942, p < 0.001), whereas ultrasound measurements showed the lowest correlation (length: r = 0.676, width: r = 0.842, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with conventional ultrasound, CEUS can accurately measure the dimension of the ablation area, especially 48 h after irreversible electroporation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical impact of trace elements as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of response to systemic treatment in gastrointestinal cancers.","authors":"Martina Rebersek, Radmila Milacic Scancar, Janez Scancar, Nezka Hribernik","doi":"10.2478/raon-2026-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2026-0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal cancers are among the most common malignancies worldwide and, at advanced stages, remain incurable. Currently used biomarkers, such as tumour markers, have limited diagnostic value for early detection and relapse, highlighting the urgent need for more sensitive and specific markers. Trace elements are involved in numerous physiological and metabolic processes, and deregulation of their homeostasis is implicated in the carcinogenesis of various cancers, including gastrointestinal malignancies. Several basic and preclinical studies have identified the importance of trace elements in key biological processes. Recent clinical studies and retrospective analyses suggest that fluctuations in trace element levels may be associated with the development and progression of many cancers. Thus, quantitative and dynamic determination of serum trace element concentrations during treatment and follow-up represents a promising option for monitoring treatment efficacy and disease prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Trace elements may serve as potential prognostic and predictive biomarkers for diagnosis and response to systemic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of quiescent-interval single-shot (QISS) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), computed tomography angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) assessment.","authors":"Silva Breznik, Ales Slanic, Jernej Lucev","doi":"10.2478/raon-2026-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2026-0019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cross-sectional imaging methods such as computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) are widely used for the assessment of peripheral arteries in patients with chronic limbthreatening ischemia (CLTI) or claudication. Given the limitations of CTA in evaluating heavily calcified vessels, we aimed to determine whether quiescent-interval single-shot (QISS) MRA provides better diagnostic agreement with digital subtraction angiography (DSA).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, 25 patients who underwent lower limb QISS MRA between April 2022 and April 2024 were included. Thirteen patients also underwent CTA, and 19 underwent DSA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean patient age was 67 ± 12 years (range: 32-86), and 20 were male. CLTI was present in 12 patients (48%), and medial arterial calcification was noted in 7 patients (28%). A total of 450 segments were evaluated by QISS MRA, 229 by CTA, and 149 by DSA. Agreement for ≥ 50% stenosis/occlusion was moderate for QISS MRA <i>vs</i>. CTA (κ = 0.41) and QISS MRA <i>vs</i>. DSA (κ = 0.49), and moderate for CTA <i>vs</i>. DSA (κ = 0.57). In below-the-knee arteries, QISS MRA showed substantial agreement with DSA (κ = 0.61) and high sensitivity (86.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this small, exploratory cohort QISS MRA showed promising performance for segment-based assessment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), particularly in below-the-knee arteries in patients with medial arterial calcification, and outperformed CTA for the detection of ≥ 50% stenosis relative to DSA. Larger studies are needed to further establish its clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant nivolumab in resected oesophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: Slovenian real-world data.","authors":"Nezka Hribernik, Rozala Arko, Gorana Gasljevic, Martina Rebersek","doi":"10.2478/raon-2026-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2026-0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adjuvant nivolumab has become the new standard of care for patients with oesophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer (OEC/GEJC) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (neoCRT) and surgical resection. In Slovenia, this treatment has been in use since January 2022. Here, we report the first Slovenian real-world experience with adjuvant nivolumab.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study of patients with OEC/GEJC who received adjuvant nivolumab after neoCRT and radical resection between January 2022 and December 2023. Data on patient characteristics, treatment completion, disease progression, and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were collected from medical records and analysed via descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 17 patients were included. The median follow-up was 34.6 months (range 11.2-55.7). The cohort included 14 (82%) males, with a mean age of 59 years. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status was 0 for 15 (88%) patients and 1 for 2 (12%) patients. The tumor location was the esophagus in 9 (53%) patients and the gastroesophageal junction in 8 (47%) patients. At diagnosis, 13 (76%) patients were stage III (8th TNM classification). Histology revealed adenocarcinoma (AC) in 12 (71%) patients and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in 5 (29%) patients. Only 6 (35%) patients completed one year of adjuvant nivolumab. Treatment was discontinued in 5 (29%) patients due to disease progression and in 6 (35%) patients due to irAEs. Overall, 11 (65%) patients experienced irAEs of any grade. Grade 3 or 4 irAEs occurred in 4 (24%) patients: myocarditis G4 in 1 (6%) patient and colitis G3 in 3 (18%) patients. No irAE-related deaths were reported. The median disease-free survival (DFS) was 21.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.6-28.9).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Real-world data from Slovenia indicate that 65% of patients discontinued adjuvant nivolumab prematurely due to disease progression or irAEs. These findings highlight the need for careful patient selection and monitoring when using adjuvant immunotherapy in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of elastography (Shear-Wave and Elasticity Index) in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions: a retrospective study in Peru.","authors":"Gaston Wilmer Mendoza, Nancy Muñoz, Jorge Aguilar, Jorge Ayón, Diana Díaz-Llontop, Samantha Mendoza, Claudia Quiñones, Richard Castillo, Luis Taxa","doi":"10.2478/raon-2026-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2026-0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence on the usefulness of quantitative elastography in the characterization of breast lesions remains limited in Latin America and scarce in Peru. This study aims to fill a relevant scientific gap by establishing specific cut-off points to optimize diagnostic interpretation and improve accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant lesions.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>An observational, retrospective, and analytical study was conducted in 189 patients who underwent breast elastography between October 2024 and September 2025. Clinical and radiological variables were analysed. Bivariate tests and multivariate binary logistic regression were applied to identify independent predictors of malignancy. The cut-off points were determined <i>via</i> receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 85 lesions with histopathological confirmation, 54 (63.5%) were malignant, and 31 (36.5%) were benign. Malignant lesions presented significantly greater values of the elastography index (2.5 <i>vs</i>. 1.9; p = 0.001) and shear-wave elastography (SWE) (53 <i>vs</i>. 43 kPa; p < 0.001). According to the adjusted model, the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category remained the most relevant radiological predictor, suggesting that elastography values can be considered complementary for more accurate classification. The optimal SWE cut-off value of ≥ 47.5 kPa demonstrated acceptable diagnostic performance, with a sensitivity of 79.6% and specificity of 67.7%, indicating an adequate ability to distinguish between benign and malignant breast lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study represents one of the first examples of Peruvian evidence contributing scientific information on the application of quantitative elastography in the evaluation of breast lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversion therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma following complete response to transarterial radioembolization combined with atezolizumab and bevacizumab.","authors":"Peter Popovic, Ana Kalamutova, Mihajlo Djokic, Anka Cuderman, Gasper Boltezar, Blaz Trotovsek","doi":"10.2478/raon-2026-0015","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2026-0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) classification recommends systemic treatment with atezolizumab and bevacizumab as the first-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recent studies suggest that combining systemic immunotherapy with locoregional treatments, such as transarterial radioembolization (TARE), may enhance immune responses and improve overall treatment outcomes. This article presents a case series of three patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who were treated with transarterial radioembolization followed by atezolizumab and bevacizumab achieving conversion to surgical resection.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Between June 2020 and April 2024, three patients with advanced HCC were treated with TARE followed by atezolizumab and bevacizumab. The cohort included: Patient 1: A 59-year-old female, with noncirrhotic liver, with a 12 cm tumor and a 1.5 cm satellite lesion located in the liver, with hepatic vein and inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombosis (Vv3 Japanese classification) and a small lung metastasis. Patient 2: A 63-year-old male with chronic hepatitis C (CHV), presenting with a 10 cm tumor and portal vein tumor thrombosis (Vp4 Japanese classification). Patient 3: A 50-year-old male, with non-cirrhotic liver, with a 17 cm tumor with portal vein and IVC tumor thrombosis (Vp3, Vv3 Japanese classification).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combined treatment approach enabled surgical resection in all three patients, each achieving a complete pathological response. Interestingly, follow-up dosimetric analysis showed that all tumors had received a subtherapeutic absorbed radiation doses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In selected patients, combining transarterial radioembolization with systemic immunotherapy may enable conversion to surgical resection in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, even with subthreshold tumor radiation doses, highlighting a potential synergistic and abscopal effect between locoregional and systemic therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":"60 1","pages":"40-48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bleomycin ElectroScleroTherapy (BEST): mechanistic parallels to electrochemotherapy, experimental models, and unresolved questions.","authors":"Barbara Lisec, Maja Cemazar, Tobian Muir, Masa Omerzel, Tanja Jesenko, Bostjan Markelc, Ales Groselj, Rok Dezman, Miha Stabuc, Dimitrij Kuhelj, Gregor Sersa","doi":"10.2478/raon-2026-0017","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2026-0017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) is an emerging treatment option for vascular malformations (VMs), predominantly slow-flow venous malformations, with increasing use in other types of VMs. By combining application of bleomycin with electroporation, BEST enhances intracellular drug delivery and may improve treatment efficacy while allowing the use of lower drug doses. Although clinical evidence supporting its efficacy is growing, the biological mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. Key unresolved questions include endothelial responses to BEST, what are the dominant mechanisms of vascular injury and remodeling, and how hemodynamics and abnormal vessel architecture affect bleomycin distribution, pharmacokinetics, and effective dosing within the lesion. Although the clinical effects of BEST may be similar to the vascular disrupting effect of electrochemotherapy, it remains unclear whether these vascular mechanisms are in fact the same.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding, how bleomycin is delivered, distributed, and retained within VM tissue, and how this interacts with endothelial susceptibility and electroporation efficiency, will be essential for defining optimal dosing strategies. Addressing these questions will require experimental approaches and physiologically relevant models capable of capturing the genetic, structural, and hemodynamic features of VMs. Such advances will be critical for elucidating the mechanisms of BEST and optimizing its clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":"60 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147513966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient doses in image-guided radiotherapy: status in Europe for cone-beam CT imaging in the pelvic region.","authors":"Toni Kansanoja, Serhii Brovchuk, Milana Vezirovic, Borislava Petrovic, Antonio Giuseppe Amico, Sonia Sapignoli, Marta Paiusco, Paolo Ferrari, Ana Cravo Sá, Anabela G Dias, Pedro Teles, Teemu Siiskonen","doi":"10.2478/raon-2026-0012","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2026-0012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Organ absorbed doses in cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging are often neglected in image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). However, frequent imaging for patient positioning can result in significant and unrecorded additional radiation exposure. This study aims to evaluate organ doses from kV-CBCT and assess if they are optimized and how, in prostate and pelvic patient positioning protocols across Europe. Status of quality assurance in IGRT CBCT imaging is assessed in general.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data collected from a survey distributed across Europe on IGRT practices were compiled and analysed. A representative set of imaging protocols were simulated using Monte Carlo based ImpactMC software to assess mean absorbed doses in various organs in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) standard phantom. Absorbed doses to red bone marrow were estimated with a three-parameter mass-energy absorption coefficient method. The simulations were validated against measurements with MOSFET detectors and radiochromic film.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Simulated prostate absorbed doses ranged from 12 mGy to 34 mGy per imaged fraction for pelvic protocols, and 4 mGy to 26 mGy for prostate protocols. The selected length of the imaging region influenced doses to the femur and sacral red bone marrow. Overall, 74% of treatments involved positioning imaging at every fraction, indicating substantial cumulative doses from kV-CBCT imaging. Quality assurance was performed by 90% of responders, but good practice guides and national protocols do not exist.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study suggest that clear guidelines and standardized protocols for CBCT imaging in IGRT are lacking. There is significant potential to optimize the patient doses resulting from imaging. Given that most clinics already perform regular quality assurance for imaging equipment, including dosimetry and positioning accuracy verification, establishing diagnostic reference levels for CBCT imaging in IGRT could help promote further dose optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":"60 1","pages":"141-152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyper-rapid progression in Salmonella-associated mycotic aortic aneurysms: a narrative review.","authors":"Jernej Lucev, Vojko Flis, Ales Slanic, Jerneja Cujes, Silva Breznik","doi":"10.2478/raon-2026-0016","DOIUrl":"10.2478/raon-2026-0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mycotic aortic aneurysms (MAAs), or infective native aortic aneurysms, are rare, life-threatening infections with a high risk of rupture. Non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> (NTS) species show a tropism for the diseased aorta in elderly, atherosclerotic patients, causing explosive growth poorly captured by conventional surveillance. Management is complex when the visceral/paravisceral aorta is involved, making open surgical repair (OSR) risky and requiring tailored endovascular aortic repair (EVAR). This review synthesises evidence on <i>Salmonella</i>-associated MAAs and introduces hyper-rapid progression (HRP) as an early imaging biomarker.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Salmonella MAAs represent a high-velocity phenotype. We define HRP as progression from aortitis to saccular pseudoaneurysm (≥ 5 mm) within 7 days or rapid enlargement (≥ 5 mm or > 50%) within 72 hours despite antibiotics. HRP serves as a \"red flag\" for urgent mechanical stabilisation. While OSR is the gold standard, in anatomically complex or high-risk patients, complex EVAR with parallel grafts and an optimized radial sealing strategy (ORSS) offers a life-saving alternative. Prospective validation of HRP and its integration into imaging algorithms are needed to improve survival in this devastating condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":21034,"journal":{"name":"Radiology and Oncology","volume":"60 1","pages":"22-31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}