Reviews in cardiovascular medicine最新文献

{"title":"Association of Smoking and Alcohol with Abdominal Aortic Calcification in the General Middle-Aged and Elderly Populations.","authors":"Yinze Ji, Naqiang Lv, Aimin Dang","doi":"10.31083/RCM26087","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM26087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research results on the association between alcohol consumption and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) has yielded inconsistent results. There is a paucity of evidence on the association of smoking and alcohol consumption with AAC in the general middle-aged and elderly population, including age subgroups. This study utilizes nationwide survey data to explore these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from middle-aged and elderly National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 participants receiving dual X-ray absorptiometry were analyzed. AAC severity was assessed using a scoring system with a maximum value of 24. Presence of AAC was defined as an AAC score >0, and severe AAC as an AAC score ≥6. Binary logistic regression was employed for analyzing the association of smoking and alcohol consumption-related indices with the presence of AAC, while cumulative odds logistic regression explored their associations with severe AAC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data of 3135 participants were analyzed. Investigation in the entire population found that smoking history was linked to both AAC and severe AAC. In contrast, alcohol consumption history was not linked to AAC or severe AAC. After adjusting for confounders, the findings confirmed a significant association of smoking history with AAC and severe AAC. No significant associations were found for current alcohol consumption with either AAC or severe AAC. Compared with never smokers, former smokers and current smokers experienced increased AAC risk. Former smokers had a significantly lower AAC risk compared to current smokers. Compared with never alcohol consumers, neither former nor current alcohol consumers experienced a different AAC risk. No difference in AAC risk was found between former and current alcohol consumers. Individuals consuming more than 2 drinks of alcohol per day suffered from a significant increase in risk of AAC. Subgroup analyses found elderly ever and current smokers suffered from a significantly elevated AAC risk, as did middle-aged ever smokers. Elderly ever and current alcohol consumers also experienced increased risk of AAC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking history is significantly associated with both AAC and severe AAC. The cardiovascular benefits associated with smoking cessation primarily manifest as reduction in risk of AAC presence rather than severe AAC. Elderly smokers are exposed to a greater risk of AAC. In contrast, alcohol consumption shows no association with severe AAC. Alcohol consumption is not associated with AAC except in heavy drinking and elderly subpopulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 3","pages":"26087"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Hematopoietic Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with Cardiac Amyloidosis.","authors":"Nikita Ermolaev, Robin Willixhofer, Christoph Krall, Christina Kronberger, René Rettl, Christina Binder, Franz Duca, Christian Nitsche, Andreas Kammerlander, Michael Poledniczek, Bernhard Gregshammer, Diana Ahmadi-Fazel, Mahshid Eslami, Luciana Camuz Ligios, Johannes Kastner, Jutta Bergler-Klein, Roza Badr Eslam","doi":"10.31083/RCM26081","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM26081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been found to have potential hematopoietic effects in patients with heart failure (HF). However, these benefits have not been studied in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA). CA patients present with HF symptoms and often suffer from iron deficiency, which has a negative impact on erythropoiesis and leads to lower hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. We sought to determine the potential effects of SGLT2i on hematological parameters and functional capacity (FC) in CA patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective analysis was conducted to compare the effects of SGLT2i in patients who received the best medical therapy (BMT) along with SGLT2i (n = 20), versus patients receiving only BMT without SGLT2i (n = 20) (historical control group). All patients underwent blood testing and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) at baseline (BL) and after 6 months [interquartile range (IQR): 4.0 to 8.0].</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SGLT2i-based therapy resulted in a significant improvement and difference in hematological parameters at 6 months follow-up compared to the control group. In the SGLT2i group, the mean hemoglobin level increased (+1.2 mg/dL), whereas in the control group, it decreased (-0.8 g/dL) (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for overall group comparison). The hematocrit showed a significant increase in the SGLT2i group (+4.4%) compared to a decrease in the control group (-1.8%) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Additionally, the serum iron level improved in the SGLT2i-treated group (+ 5.5 [-5.0 to 17.5] μg/dL vs. -6.0 [-15.0 to 4.0] μg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.121). Although there was no significant change in the peak oxygen consumption (peak VO₂, (mL/min)/kg) (<i>p</i> = 0.206), as well as in pulmonary ventilation (VE)/carbon dioxide production (VCO₂) slope in both groups (<i>p</i> = 0.964), the SGLT2i group maintained a peak VO₂ and VE/VCO₂ slope throughout the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SGLT2i therapy improved hematological parameters and stabilized the FC of CA patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 3","pages":"26081"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Lipoprotein(a) and Coronary Artery Calcification in Elderly Patients with Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Lijun Qiu, Hongwei Qiao","doi":"10.31083/RCM26114","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM26114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with the development of coronary artery calcification (CAC), yet its exact function is not fully understood. This study sought to assess the relationship between Lp(a) levels and the risk of CAC in elderly diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 486 elderly diabetic patients. The exposure factor was Lp(a) levels, categorized into three groups (T1, T2, T3). The outcome was the presence of CAC. The relationship between Lp(a) levels and CAC was evaluated using several statistical methods, including univariate and multivariate logistic regression, multivariable stratified analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest Lp(a) group (T3) showed significantly higher prevalence of CAC compared to the T1 and T2 groups. Univariate logistic regression indicated a significant link between Lp(a) and CAC. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression supported the finding that elevated Lp(a) levels correlated with a heightened risk of CAC in all models. Specifically, each unit rise in Lp(a) was associated with a notable increase in CAC risk, and Log₁₀Lp(a) and each 1 standard deviation increase in Lp(a) also significantly elevated CAC risk. Multivariable stratified analysis demonstrated significant differences in CAC risk across various subgroups, including age ≤70 years, males, females, smokers, hypertensive, non-hypertensive, hyperlipidemic, non-hyperlipidemic, non-stroke, and non-chronic kidney disease patients. ROC curve analysis showed that adding Lp(a) to the baseline model improved the area under the curve from 0.741 to 0.755. RCS analysis indicated a significant, approximately linear association between Log₁₀Lp(a) and CAC risk (<i>p</i> nonlinear = 0.115).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In an elderly diabetic population, elevated levels of Lp(a) were strongly linked to a greater risk of CAC. Integrating Lp(a) measurements with conventional risk factors improves the predictive accuracy for CAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 3","pages":"26114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Path for Men from Young Adulthood Results of Cognitive Tests to Subclinical Atherosclerosis at Age 60: The Mediating Role of Socioeconomic Status, Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors-Results from a VIPVIZA Study.","authors":"Margareta Norberg, Per Liv, Ulf Näslund, Per Wester, Elin M Andersson, Steven Nordin","doi":"10.31083/RCM26312","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM26312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of cognitive abilities in the development of arteriosclerotic disease is still not fully understood. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the mediating role of lifestyle, socioeconomic status (SES) and conventional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in the association between cognitive ability at age 19 and subclinical atherosclerosis at age 60 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational study design was employed. Data on the results from cognitive tests of conscripts tested at age 19 were collected for 1009 men. At the age of 60, they were included in the trial VIsualiZation of asymptomatic Atherosclerotic disease for optimum cardiovascular prevention, which was conducted as part of the Västerbotten Intervention Program (VIPVIZA). VIPVIZA is a randomised controlled trial, aimed at primary prevention of CVD in Västerbotten County, Sweden. Prior to any intervention, they underwent carotid ultrasonography and CVD risk factor assessment. Lifestyle habits and marital status were self-reported, and education and urban or rural residency were registered. Crude associations between cognitive ability at age 19 and the risk of CVD, assessed with the European Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation 2 (SCORE2), as well as subclinical atherosclerosis, as demonstrated by the presence of carotid plaques (no plaque, plaque unilateral, or plaque bilateral), were evaluated. A path-analytic model tested mediating factors from cognitive ability in young adulthood to subclinical atherosclerosis at age 60.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from cognitive tests at age 19 were in separate unadjusted analyses inversely and linearly associated with SCORE2 and with subclinical atherosclerosis. The association with carotid plaque at age 60 was mainly indirect and mediated by adult SES, which in turn had its main effect through adherence to healthy lifestyle habits via CVD risk of carotid plaques.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cognitive ability at age 19 is a factor that is upstream of adult SES and our study indicates that cognitive ability at a young age has long-term consequences via SES and lifestyle habits for CVD risk and atherosclerosis.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>NCT01849575, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01849575?term=NCT01849575&rank=1.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 3","pages":"26312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Critical Role of <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> in Cardiovascular Diseases.","authors":"Tiantian Zheng, Chenchen Meng, Zhengtian Lv, Chenxia Wu, Xinbin Zhou, Wei Mao","doi":"10.31083/RCM26740","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM26740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the continued aging of the global population, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the main cause of death worldwide, with millions of fatalities from diseases, including stroke and coronary artery disease, reported annually. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches and targets are urgently required for diagnosing and treating CVDs. Recent studies emphasize the vital part of gut microbiota in both CVD prevention and management. Among these, <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> (<i>F. prausnitzii</i>) has emerged as a promising probiotic capable of improving intestinal health. Although preliminary investigations demonstrate that <i>F. prausnitzii</i> positively enhances cardiovascular health, research specifically connecting this strain to CVD outcomes remains limited. Based on current research and assessment of possible clinical applications, this paper aimed to investigate the positive effects on cardiovascular health using <i>F. prausnitzii</i> and its metabolites. Targeting gut flora is expected to become a mainstay in CVD treatment as research develops.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 3","pages":"26740"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Advances in Myocardial Infarction Repair and Cardiac Regenerative Medicine via the Notch Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Songyan Cai, Qingyuan Dai","doi":"10.31083/RCM26587","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM26587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute myocardial infarction is myocardial necrosis caused by acute and persistent ischemia and hypoxia in the coronary artery and severely affects public health. Recently, stem cell research has presented transformational developments in treating myocardial infarction. The Notch signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the post-myocardial infarction repair process and cardiac regenerative medicine. Additionally, the Notch signaling pathway can be involved in regulating the inflammatory response, myocardial fibrosis, oxidative stress, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and cardiomyocyte regeneration after myocardial infarction. Moreover, the Notch signaling pathway is applied in cardiac tissue engineering. This review mainly elaborates on the research on the Notch signaling pathway in repairing myocardial infarction and cardiac regenerative medicine, aiming to provide a reference for treating acute myocardial infarction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 3","pages":"26587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances and Prospects in Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for 3D Bioprinting in Cardiac Tissue Engineering.","authors":"Baoluo Du, Ziqiang Dai, Huan Wang, Zhipeng Ren, Dianyuan Li","doi":"10.31083/RCM26697","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM26697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases remain one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Given the limited self-repair capacity of cardiac tissue, cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) aims to develop strategies and materials for repairing or replacing damaged cardiac tissue by combining biology, medicine, and engineering. Indeed, CTE has made significant strides since the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in 2006, including creating cardiac patches, organoids, and chip models derived from iPSCs, thus offering new strategies for treating cardiac diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search for relevant literature published between 2003 and 2024 was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases using \"Cardiac Tissue Engineering\", \"3D Bioprinting\", \"Scaffold in Tissue Engineering\", \"Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells\", and \"iPSCs\" as keywords.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This systematic search using the abovementioned keywords identified relevant articles for inclusion in this review. The resulting literature indicated that CTE can offer innovative solutions for treating cardiac diseases when integrated with three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting and iPSC technology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite notable advances in the field of CTE, multiple challenges remain relating to 3D-bioprinted cardiac tissues. These include maintaining long-term cell viability, achieving precise cell distribution, tissue vascularization, material selection, and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, further research is needed to optimize printing techniques, develop more advanced bio-inks, explore larger-scale tissue constructs, and ensure the biosafety and functional fidelity of engineered cardiac tissues. Subsequently, future research efforts should focus on these areas to facilitate the clinical translation of CTE. Moreover, additional long-term animal models and preclinical studies should be conducted to ensure the biosafety and functionality of engineered cardiac tissues, thereby creating novel possibilities for treating patients with heart diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 3","pages":"26697"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Glucose-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts All-cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Mortality in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Jinfang Pu, Hongxing Zhang, Feng Wang, Yanji Zhou, Dajin Liu, Huawei Wang, Tao Shi, Sirui Yang, Fazhi Yang, Lixing Chen","doi":"10.31083/RCM26065","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM26065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic inflammation and glucose metabolism are strongly associated with survival in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether the glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR) could be used to predict the prognosis of STEMI patients who received emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The GLR was calculated as follows: GLR = glucose (mg/dL) / lymphocyte count (K/μL). Patients were divided into two groups according to the median GLR, with the low-GLR group (GLR <81) employed as the reference group. We used Cox proportional hazard regression analyses to determine the predictive value of clinical indicators. Kaplan‒Meier curves were used to plot survival curves for both groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the predictive value of the GLR for the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in STEMI patients. Meanwhile, to evaluate the predictive effectiveness of the models, we plotted the ROC curves for each model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 1086 newly admitted patients with STEMI who underwent emergency PCI at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from June 2018 to January 2023 (mean follow-up time, M ± standard deviation (SD): 1100.66 ± 539.76 days). The results showed that high GLR was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.530, 95% CI = 1.611-3.974, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR = 3.859, 95% CI = 2.225-6.691, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The optimal GLR threshold for predicting all-cause and cardiovascular death was 79.61 (K/μL), with a ROC for all-cause death of 0.678 (95% CI: 0.625-0.732, <i>p</i> < 0.001), a sensitivity of 77.4%, a specificity of 51.9%, and a ROC for cardiovascular death of 0.716 (95% CI: 0.666-0.767, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 88.4% and a specificity of 52.1%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The GLR may potentially predict all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in STEMI patients who received emergency PCI treatment. A high GLR was associated with a greater risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in STEMI patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 3","pages":"26065"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Levels of Exocrine Pancreatic Enzymes in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure.","authors":"Masaru Hiki, Takatoshi Kasai, Akihiro Sato, Sayaki Ishiwata, Shoichiro Yatsu, Jun Shitara, Hiroki Matsumoto, Megumi Shimizu, Azusa Murata, Takao Kato, Shoko Suda, Hiroyuki Daida","doi":"10.31083/RCM28160","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM28160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interactions between the heart and other organs have been a focus in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). However, the association between ADHF and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI), which may lead to malnutrition, remains unclear. We investigated the relationship between exocrine pancreatic enzymes and ADHF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 155 and 46 patients with and without ADHF, respectively. Serum amylase and lipase levels were compared between the two groups. In the ADHF group, factors correlating with serum amylase or lipase levels were assessed using multiple regression analysis, and changes in their levels throughout the hospital course were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with ADHF exhibited significantly lower amylase and lipase levels. In the same group, the significant independent correlates of lower amylase levels included a lower blood urea-nitrogen level (partial correlation coefficient, 0.530; <i>p</i> < 0.001), lower albumin level (partial correlation coefficient, 0.252; <i>p</i> = 0.015), and higher uric acid level (partial correlation coefficient, -0.371; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The significant independent correlates of lower lipase levels included coexisting atrial fibrillation (coefficient, 0.287; <i>p</i> = 0.026), lower creatinine level (coefficient, 0.236; <i>p</i> = 0.042), and higher B-type natriuretic peptide level (coefficient, -0.257; <i>p</i> = 0.013). Both amylase and lipase levels significantly increased following the improvement in ADHF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with ADHF, decreased serum amylase and lipase levels were associated with the congestion severity, suggesting that PEI may occur in patients with ADHF, potentially due to ADHF-related congestion.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 3","pages":"28160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical Remodeling and Low Voltage Areas in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Functional Mitral Regurgitation: A Multicenter Evaluation.","authors":"Li-Jun Zeng, Xiao-Bo Pu, Xin Wei, Xi Wang, Ming-Yang Gao, Xue-Rong Sun, Cai-Hua Sang, Xing-Peng Liu, Mao Chen","doi":"10.31083/RCM26288","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM26288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atrial fibrosis may act as a substrate for atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial functional mitral regurgitation (MR); thus, recognition is required to select the optimal therapeutic intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined clinical data from 1045 consecutive patients in three centers who underwent catheter ablation for persistent AF between 2020 and 2022. 75 patients met the moderate and severe MR criteria and completed a 1-year follow-up. Voltage mapping during the ablation procedure was reviewed to classify the extent of atrial fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant atrial fibrosis was found in 34 patients (45.3%), and these patients had a higher prevalence of congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association (NYHA) II-III: 76.5% vs. 36.6%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and an increased incidence of biatrial enlargement at baseline than the mild fibrosis group. At the 1-year post-ablation period, the entire cohort exhibited a decrease in left atrial size (41.6 ± 6.5 mm vs. 45.5 ± 5.3 mm, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and a significant reduction in MR was achieved in 70.7% of patients. The significant fibrosis group had a higher recurrence rate of atrial arrhythmias (55.9% vs. 22.0%, log-rank <i>p</i> = 0.002) and no significant change in atria size compared with baseline diameters (left atrium, 44.4 ± 6.4 mm vs. 47.2 ± 5.6 mm, <i>p</i> = 0.068; right atrium, 44.7 ± 11.2 mm vs. 46.7 ± 6.2 mm, <i>p</i> = 0.427).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed a considerable proportion of significant fibrosis in patients with atrial functional MR and AF, leading to limited effectiveness in reducing atrial size following catheter ablation. Optimal intervention to reduce atrial size and recurrent arrhythmias in this population requires further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 3","pages":"26288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}