Reviews in cardiovascular medicine最新文献

{"title":"Application of Machine Learning Algorithms in Predicting Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with New-Onset ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.","authors":"Min Chen, Cuiling Sun, Li Yang, Ting Zhang, Jing Zhang, Chunli Chen","doi":"10.31083/RCM25758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM25758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with new-onset ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) using four machine learning (ML) algorithms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 250 new-onset STEMI patients were retrospectively collected. Feature selection was performed using the Boruta algorithm. Four ML algorithms-K-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), Complement Naive Bayes (CNB), and logistic regression-were applied to predict MACE risk. Model performance was evaluated using area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity. Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis was used to rank feature importance, and a nomogram was constructed for risk visualization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Logistic regression showed the best performance (AUC = 0.814 in training, 0.776 in validation) compared to KNN, SVM, and CNB. SHAP analysis identified seven key predictors, including Killip classification, Gensini score, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), heart rate (HR), creatinine (CR), glutamine transferase (GLT), and platelet count (PCT). The nomogram provided accurate risk predictions with strong agreement between predicted and observed outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The logistic regression model effectively predicts MACE risk after PCI in STEMI patients. The nomogram serves as a practical tool for clinicians, supporting personalized risk assessment and improving clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 2","pages":"25758"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remnant Cholesterol and Residual Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.","authors":"Xi Li, Zhi-Fan Li, Na-Qiong Wu","doi":"10.31083/RCM25985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM25985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Remnant cholesterol (RC) is increasingly recognized as a key target in the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), addressing much of the residual risk that persists despite standard therapies. However, integrating RC into clinical practice remains challenging. Key issues, such as the development of accessible RC measurement methods, the identification of safe and effective medications, the determination of optimal target levels, and the creation of RC-based risk stratification strategies, require further investigation. This article explores the complex role of RC in ASCVD development, including its definition, metabolic pathways, and its association with both the overall risk and residual risk of ASCVD in primary and secondary prevention. It also examines the effect of current lipid-lowering therapies on RC levels and their influence on cardiovascular outcomes. Recent research has highlighted promising advancements in therapies aimed at lowering RC, which show potential for reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Inhibitors such as angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), apolipoprotein C-III (apoCIII), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) have demonstrated their ability to modulate RC and reduce MACEs by targeting specific proteins involved in RC synthesis and metabolism. There is a pressing need for larger randomized controlled trials to clarify the role of RC in relevant patient populations. The development of targeted RC-lowering therapies holds the promise of significantly reducing the high rates of morbidity and mortality associated with ASCVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 2","pages":"25985"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aorto-Left Ventricular Tunnel: The First Systematic Review of An Uncommon Entity (177 Worldwide Cases from 1965 to 2024).","authors":"Pier Paolo Bassareo, Aurelio Secinaro, Paolo Ciliberti, Marco Alfonso Perrone, Niall Linnane, Sophie Duignan, Paolo Ferrero, Massimo Chessa, Kevin Patrick Walsh, Colin Joseph Mcmahon","doi":"10.31083/RCM26005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM26005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study was aimed at assessing clinical status and outcome of patients affected by aorto-left ventricular tunnel (ALVT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of keywords relating to ALVT was conducted to identify papers published between 1965 and February 2024 present on Pubmed/Medline and Scopus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 109 studies, which in all consisted of case reports and case series comprising 177 patients (64.2% males, <i>p</i> < 0.02) met the inclusion criteria. The median age of patients was 9.5 ± 8.9 years. Initial diagnosis was based on echocardiographic findings in 86.4% of patients, and confirmed by computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 17%. Of the 177 patients identified, 47.1% were diagnosed with a heart murmur and 32.4% with congestive heart failure. Associated cardiac abnormalities were detected in 39.8% (unicuspid/bicuspid aortic valve with or without stenosis/atresia in 14.8%, coronary artery abnormalities in 9.6%). A total of 90.3% of patients underwent surgery, whilst 4.5% were treated by means of transcatheter closure. Outcomes were largely favorable (death was reported in 5.7%). Mild residual aortic regurgitation continued to be present in 22.7% of the sample. In terms of statistics, no risk factors for death were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ALVT, an extremely rare congenital cardiac abnormality, may be diagnosed in both newborns and adults. Initial diagnostic observations are usually made using echocardiography, and subsequently refined by means of catheterization, CT or MRI. Surgery should be performed as soon as possible following diagnosis, particularly due to the inefficacy of medical treatment. In selected cases, transcatheter closure may represent a valid option. The condition is associated with a high mortality rate. Moreover, complications, particularly in the form of residual aortic valve regurgitation, may hamper postoperative prognosis. Due to the rarity of the disease, the setting up of an international registry is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 2","pages":"26005"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Questions and Certainty in Diagnosis and Management of Acute Type B Aortic Dissection.","authors":"Luigi Lovato, Maria Adriana Cocozza, Alessandro Onori, Rossella Fattori","doi":"10.31083/RCM26807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM26807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type B aortic dissection (TBAD) is a severe cardiovascular condition that requires timely diagnosis and intervention to prevent life-threatening complications. The aim of this review was to focus on the most crucial and controversial aspects of contemporary TBAD management. It is recognized that in the acute phase, computed tomography angiography (CTA) plays an essential role in evaluating the extent of the dissection and monitoring disease progression. CTA has significantly improved the management of TBAD by providing detailed assessments of aortic anatomy and dynamic flow changes, positioning it as the cornerstone imaging modality for identifying acute high-risk patients who may require early intervention. Recently, new advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) technology have the potential to provide further information beyond imaging alone. However, such sophisticated techniques should be reserved for stable patients after the acute phase. After decades of medical therapy and high risk surgery, thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to open surgery for complicated TBAD, offering lower perioperative morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, its use in uncomplicated TBAD remains a topic of ongoing debate. While recent studies suggest that preemptive TEVAR combined with optimal medical therapy may reduce late adverse events and improve long-term outcomes, these findings remain controversial. This review critically analyzes the current literature on both diagnosis and TEVAR treatment, evaluating these controversies in the context of clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 2","pages":"26807"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Clinical Updates of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Future Therapeutic Strategies.","authors":"Mengya Zhao, Xianzhen He, Xinwen Min, Handong Yang, Wenwen Wu, Jixin Zhong, Hao Xu, Jun Chen","doi":"10.31083/RCM25132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM25132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevalent inherited cardiomyopathy transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner to offspring. It is characterized by unexplained asymmetrical hypertrophy primarily affecting the left ventricle and interventricular septum while potentially causing obstruction within the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). The clinical manifestations of HCM are diverse, ranging from asymptomatic to severe heart failure (HF) and sudden cardiac death. Most patients present with obvious symptoms of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). The diagnosis of HCM mainly depends on echocardiography and other imaging examinations. In recent years, myosin inhibitors have undergone clinical trials and gene therapy, which is expected to become a new treatment for HCM, has been studied. This article summarizes recent clinical updates on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, treatment principles, and complication prevention and treatment of HCM, to provide new ideas for follow-up research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 2","pages":"25132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which Parameter Related to Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol is Superior for Predicting the Recurrence of Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients with Previous Coronary Heart Disease? A Real-World Study.","authors":"Feng Xu, Hao-Ran Xing, Hong-Xia Yang, Jin-Wen Wang, Xian-Tao Song, Hui-Juan Zuo","doi":"10.31083/RCM25721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM25721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a well-established strategy for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the effectiveness of specific LDL-C parameters in predicting myocardial infarction (MI) recurrence in real-world settings remains inadequately explored. This study aims to examine the relationship between MI recurrence and various LDL-C parameters in young CHD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study involved 1013 patients aged 18-44 at the time of initial CHD diagnosis, collected from the cardiology department clinics at Beijing Anzhen Hospital between October 2022 and October 2023. LDL-C levels were assessed at the time of CHD diagnosis and at the final follow-up. The primary outcome was MI events, analyzed using survival analysis and logistic regression models to determine associations with LDL-C parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 1013 patients (mean age: 38.5 ± 3.9 years; 94.7% men), with a median follow-up time of 1.7 years. Initially, 13.6% had LDL-C levels <1.8 mmol/L, which increased to 37.8% by the study's end. During follow-up, 96 patients (9.5%) experienced MI. While LDL-C <1.8 mmol/L at baseline showed a slightly lower cumulative incidence of MI than LDL-C ≥1.8 mmol/L, the difference was not statistically significant (log-rank <i>p</i> = 0.335). Reductions in LDL-C levels of ≥50% and the patterns of change did not correlate with decreased MI risk. However, LDL-C <1.4 mmol/L at the final measurement was associated with a reduced MI risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33-0.98) compared with LDL-C ≥2.6 mmol/L.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that the most important parameter related to LDL-C for predicting the recurrence of MI in young patients with a history of CHD is the ideal target LDL-C level. Lowering LDL-C to <1.4 mmol/L could potentially reduce MI risk, regardless of baseline LDL-C levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 2","pages":"25721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hispanic-Latino Race is Associated with Worse Heart Failure Symptoms in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Reshma Golamari, Alexander Khodak, Steven D Hartman, Marissa Donatelle, Tarec K Elajami, Rafle Fernandez, Christos G Mihos","doi":"10.31083/RCM26588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM26588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Data regarding racial differences in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is sparse. We hypothesized that Hispanic-Latino (HL), Non-Hispanic (NH), and African-American (AA) race impacts the clinical presentation of HCM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 641 HCM patients (HL = 294, NH = 274, AA = 73) were identified retrospectively from our institutional registry between 2005-2021. Clinical characteristics, echocardiographic indices, and outcomes were assessed using analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and multivariate linear regression statistical analyses, with Dunn-Bonferroni and Tukey test applied in post-hoc pairwise assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HL and NH patients were older compared with AA (69.2 ± 14.7 vs 67.9 ± 15.3 vs 59.4 ± 15.8 years; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The HL group had higher prevalence of females compared with NH (62 vs 47%; <i>p</i> = 0.002), and more moderate-severe mitral regurgitation (35 vs 23 vs 12% <i>p</i> < 0.001) and a higher E/e' ratio (16.4 ± 8.1 vs 14.9 ± 6.6 vs 13.3 ± 4.5; <i>p</i> = 0.002) when compared with NH and AA. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed HL ethnicity (β = 0.1) was associated with worse New York Heart Association (NYHA) class independent from moderate-severe mitral regurgitation (β = 0.2), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (β = 0.17), female gender (β = 0.13), coronary artery disease (β = 0.12), atrial fibrillation (β = 0.11), peak trans-mitral E-wave velocity (β = 0.11), left ventricular mass index (β = 0.1), and reverse septal curve morphology (β = 0.1) (model, r = 0.5, <i>p</i> < 0.001). At 2.5-year median follow-up, all-cause mortality (8%) and composite complications (33%) were similar across the cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HCM patients of HL race have worse heart failure symptoms when compared with NH and AA, with severity independent of cardiovascular co-morbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 2","pages":"26588"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Getting to the Heart of the Matter: Exploring the Intersection of Cardiovascular Disease, Sex and Race and How Exercise, and Gut Microbiota Influence these Relationships.","authors":"John J Guers, Kevin S Heffernan, Sara C Campbell","doi":"10.31083/RCM26430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM26430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, with physical inactivity being a known contributor to the global rates of CVD incidence. CVD incidence, however, is not uniform with recognized sex differences as well and racial and ethnic differences. Furthermore, gut microbiota have been associated with CVD, sex, and race/ethnicity. Researchers have begun to examine the interplay of these complicated yet interrelated topics. This review will present evidence that CVD (risk and development), and gut microbiota are distinct between the sexes and racial/ethnic groups, which appear to be influenced by acculturation, discrimination, stress, and lifestyle factors like exercise. Furthermore, this review will address the beneficial impacts of exercise on the cardiovascular system and will provide recommendations for future research in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 2","pages":"26430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of HIF-1α in Atrial Fibrillation: Recent Advances and Therapeutic Potentials.","authors":"Feng Zhou, Jia-Bin Zhou, Tian-Peng Wei, Dan Wu, Ru-Xing Wang","doi":"10.31083/RCM26787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM26787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The steady increase in life expectancy throughout the world is contributing to an increased incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF), which imposes a significant socioeconomic toll on affected patients and societies. The mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation are multifaceted and vary among individuals. Hypoxia is a process that is closely linked to AF onset and progression. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) is a transcription factor that serves as a key regulator of oxygen homeostasis within cells through its activation under hypoxic conditions and subsequently coordinates various pathophysiological responses. High levels of HIF-1α expression are evident in AF patients, and facilitate the progression from persistent AF to permanent AF. Thus, HIF-1α may serve as a promising target for novel therapeutic strategies aimed at the prevention and treatment of AF. This review provides an overview and synthesis of recent studies probing the relationship between HIF-1α and AF, providing a foundation for future studies and the development targeted drug therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 2","pages":"26787"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Sex-Specific Risk Factors for Arterial Stiffness.","authors":"Jinhuan Yuan, Chengwen Wang, Chong Zhao, Hua Liu, Yiwen Zhang, Meitong Liu, Tianxiang Fu, Shouling Wu","doi":"10.31083/RCM25478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM25478","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;To explore the sex-specific risk factors of associated with arterial stiffness.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 28,291 participants from the Kailuan study cohort were enrolled in this study. A multivariate linear regression analysis and a multivariate logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of arteriosclerosis (indexed using the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, baPWV) between different sexes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The incidence of arteriosclerosis (baPWV greater than or equal to 1400 cm/s) was 54.70%. The incidence of arteriosclerosis in males (62.13%) was higher than in females (37.41%) (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). According to age stratification (5 years difference for each group), the baPWV values of males in all age groups &lt;70 years were higher than in females (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). The increase in baPWV values was higher in females over 45 years than in males and correlated with males in the 70-75 age group. The multivariate linear regression model showed that for every 5-year increase in age, the baPWV increased by 62.55 cm/s in males and 71.86 cm/s in females. Furthermore, for every 10 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP), the baPWV increased by 61.01 cm/s in males and 51.86 cm/s in females. Regular physical exercise reduced the baPWV in males, but there was no statistical correlation in females. The waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) increased the baPWV in females yet was not statistically significant in males. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors (age, WHR, SBP, heart rate, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), diabetes, higher education, higher income, smoking, drinking, and physical exercise), males were 1.89 times more likely than females to develop arteriosclerosis (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). A stratified analysis of males and females showed that the risk of arteriosclerosis was higher in females than in males in the 45-60 and over 60 age groups compared with those in the under 44 age group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Diabetes, LDL-C, and hs-CRP were more likely to be correlated with arteriosclerosis in females than in males (odds ratio (OR): 2.32, 1.26, 1.08 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt;. 1.83, 1.17, 1.02, respectively, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Higher education levels reduced the risk of arteriosclerosis in males and females, with OR values of 0.64 and 0.84, respectively (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The arteriosclerosis detection rate in males was higher than in females. Conversely, the increase in baPWV in females older than 45 years was higher than in males. Meanwhile, WHR, diabetes, LDL-C, and hs-CRP were more likely to be correlated with arteriosclerosis in females.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinical trial registration: &lt;/strong&gt;Chinese Clinical Trail Registry, URL: https://ww","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 2","pages":"25478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}