Reviews in cardiovascular medicine最新文献

{"title":"Heart Rate Variability Analysis in Congestive Heart Failure: The Need for Standardized Assessment Protocols.","authors":"Monika Míková, David Pospíšil, Jan Řehoř, Marek Malik","doi":"10.31083/RCM36321","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM36321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is a noninvasive tool that allows cardiac autonomic control to be assessed. Numerous studies have reported HRV measurements, related changes, and clinical implications for heart failure patients. This review evaluates HRV characteristics in congestive heart failure (CHF), focusing on different recording durations and the diagnostic and prognostic values using HRV measurements. The recording durations are classified as (a) ultra short-term (substantially shorter than 5 minutes), (b) short-term (5 minutes), and (c) long-term (nominal 24 hours). This review of HRV diagnostic and prognostic significance in CHF focuses on time- and frequency-domain HRV measures that have previously been extensively studied. Reported studies document that HRV is lowered in CHF patients, whereas HRV increases may indicate disease improvement, <i>e.g.</i>, in CHF patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy. Reduced HRV has consistently been found to be associated with all-cause mortality in CHF patients. However, different thresholds of long-term HRV indices have been proposed as mortality predictors; meanwhile, findings related to the prediction of other cardiac events, including sudden cardiac death, remain inconsistent. HRV is reduced in CHF patients, but the use of HRV as a risk factor remains controversial, with no established cut-off values. HRV does not provide a clinically useful prediction of sudden cardiac death or other cardiac events in CHF patients. Thus, we advocate standardization of investigative protocols based on the existing time- and frequency-domain HRV indices rather than further developing more complex methods. Short-term recordings are preferable for clinical application and measurement reproducibility; thus, future investigations should focus on the following key questions: 1. How to design standardized short HRV tests suitable for outpatient settings? 2. Which HRV indices should be preferred, and what are their optimal prognostic thresholds? 3. How to standardize HRV assessment conditions to minimize external influences?</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 5","pages":"36321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Serum Apolipoprotein B and Bone Mineral Density and the Effects of Cardiovascular Disease Mediation: Results From the NHANES 2011-2016 and a Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Aochuan Sun, Yiduo Chen, Yang Wu, Zhuangzhuang Li, Jingchun Zhang, Zhengtang Liu","doi":"10.31083/RCM31395","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM31395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have indicated that blood lipids can influence skeletal health. However, limited research exists on the impact of serum apolipoprotein B (ApoB) on bone mineral density (BMD); meanwhile, it remains unclear to what extent cardiovascular disease plays in mediating this process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis involving 2930 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database to explore the relationship between serum ApoB and total body BMD (TB-BMD) and lumbar spine BMD (LS-BMD). We employed a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genetic instruments to investigate causality and assess the mediating effects of six cardiovascular diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariable linear regression models demonstrated an inverse linear association between serum ApoB and TB-BMD (β = -0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.41 to -0.12, <i>p</i> < 0.001; <i>p</i> for non-linearity = 0.771) and LS-BMD (β = -0.53, 95% CI: -0.75 to -0.31, <i>p</i> < 0.001; <i>p</i> for non-linearity = 0.164). The primary analysis utilized the multiplicative random effects inverse variance weighted (IVW-MRE) method for the two-sample MR analysis. The results demonstrated a causal relationship between serum ApoB with TB-BMD (β = -0.0424, 95% CI: -0.0746 to -0.0103; <i>p</i> = 0.0096) and LS-BMD (β = -0.0806, 95% CI: -0.1384 to -0.0229; <i>p</i> = 0.0062). The two-step MR analysis indicated heart failure as a mediating factor in the causal relationship between serum ApoB and TB-BMD, with a mediation proportion of 18.69%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study support that lowering serum ApoB levels could enhance BMD while preventing the occurrence of heart failure might reduce the harm caused by the decrease in BMD due to elevated ApoB levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 5","pages":"31395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Carotid Intraplaque Neovascularization and Immune-Inflammatory Biomarkers with Coronary Stenosis.","authors":"Yixue Wang, Jinhong Chen, Xuemin Li, Xinyu Tang, Yu Zhang, Xiao Yang","doi":"10.31083/RCM28171","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM28171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intraplaque neovascularization (IPN) correlates significantly with plaque vulnerability and can be detected using Angio PLanewave UltraSensitive imaging technology (Angio PL.U.S.; AP). Several immune-inflammatory biomarkers that reflect the state of inflammation and immune homeostasis in the body are currently used to assess cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between carotid IPN scores and several immune-inflammatory indicators in patients with different degrees of coronary artery stenosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study prospectively enrolled 107 patients with coronary artery stenosis confirmed by coronary angiography (CAG). Preoperative ultrasonography was performed to screen for carotid plaques, and AP was conducted to determine whether IPN was present and correctly scored. The levels of immune-inflammatory indicators, plaques, and coronary artery lesions between groups with and without IPN and different IPN scores were analyzed. We utilized logistic regression models to determine the independent predictors of IPN and constructed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differences in systemic immune inflammation index (SII) levels and plaque thicknesses were found between the groups with and without IPN and between different IPN scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The IPN scores were positively correlated with SII levels (r = 0.268, <i>p</i> = 0.005), plaque thickness (r = 0.273, <i>p</i> = 0.005), and Gensini score (r = 0.446, <i>p</i> < 0.001). SII levels (per 10-unit increase) (OR = 1.031) and plaque thickness (OR = 1.897) were independent risk factors for IPN. When the SII was 541 × 10⁹/L and the thickness of the plaque was 2.25 mm, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.653 and 0.656, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnosis was 0.711.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated SII levels and increased plaque thickness were associated with the vulnerability of carotid plaques in patients with coronary artery stenosis and may signal increased coronary artery stenosis.</p><p><strong>The clinical trial registration: </strong>ChiCTR2400094458, https://www.chictr.org.cn/hvshowprojectEN.html?id=266292&v=1.0.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 5","pages":"28171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiometabolic Dysregulation and Heart Failure.","authors":"Susannah Ashfield, Utkarsh Ojha","doi":"10.31083/RCM38504","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM38504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome resulting from impaired myocardial function or structure, affecting approximately 56 million patients worldwide. Cardiometabolic risk factors, including hypertension, insulin resistance, obesity, and dyslipidemia play a pivotal role in both the pathogenesis and progression of HF. These risk factors frequently coexist as part of cardiometabolic syndrome and contribute to widespread organ and vascular dysfunction, leading to conditions such as coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and stroke. Emerging evidence suggests that these conditions not only increase the risk of developing HF, but also negatively impact its progression and outcome. As the global burden of cardiometabolic disease continues to rise, a growing number of HF patients will exhibit multiple metabolic comorbidities. Understanding the intricate relationship between cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases and their impact on HF outcomes is therefore crucial for identifying novel therapeutic avenues. A more integrated approach to HF prevention and management-one that considers these interconnected cardiometabolic factors-offers significant potential for improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 5","pages":"38504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Permanent Pacemaker Implantation in Patients with Pure Aortic Regurgitation after TAVI.","authors":"Changlin Ju, Yu Zhou, Tao Ge, Shengxin Tang, Zhigang Guo, Shiping Cao","doi":"10.31083/RCM26543","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM26543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is increasingly utilized for patients with pure aortic regurgitation (PAR). A significant clinical challenge in this patient population is the need for permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI), which occurs frequently post-TAVI and can impact cardiac conduction and rhythm management. This study aimed to explore the effects of PPI on short-term mortality, rates of adverse events, and cardiac function in PAR patients following TAVI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study, conducted in a single center, included 69 PAR patients who underwent TAVI from January 2021 to December 2023. Patients were categorized into two groups: those who received a permanent pacemaker (PM) and those who did not (NPM). The outcomes measured included complications such as pacemaker pocket hematoma and infection, changes in postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) at 6 months, as well as rates of rehospitalization and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were noted in baseline characteristics or complications between the PM and NPM groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The types of PPI and associated complications were also comparable. There was no significant disparity in the incidence of all-cause mortality (PM: 12%, NPM: 11.36%, <i>p</i> = 0.755), major bleeding (PM: 4%, NPM: 4.55%, <i>p</i> = 0.612), or cerebral embolism (PM: 12%, NPM: 4.55%, <i>p</i> = 0.506) between the two groups at 6 months post-TAVI. Additionally, readmission rates were similar at 1, 3, and 6 months following the procedure. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that age (<i>p</i> = 0.020), history of cerebral infarction (<i>p</i> = 0.015), and hypertension (<i>p</i> = 0.019) were significant predictors of mortality. The survival curve indicated that fatalities in the NPM group predominantly occurred during the perioperative period. At the 6-month follow-up, there was no significant difference in survival rates between the two groups (<i>p</i> = 0.971). Regarding cardiac function, irrespective of PPI, a decreasing trend in LVEDD (PM: -4.19 mm, NPM: -6.16 mm, <i>p</i> = 0.000) and an increasing trend in LVEF (PM: +2.19%, NPM: +2.74%, <i>p</i> = 0.053) were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study was the first to investigate the effects of PPI on the short-term mortality, adverse events, and cardiac function of PAR after TAVI. The results indicated that for PAR, advanced age and previous cerebral embolism increase the mortality after TAVI; however, PPI was not associated with mortality and adverse events after 6 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 5","pages":"26543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac Indices Parameters on the Ultrasonic Cardiac Output Monitor as Potential Indicators to Predict the Ultrafiltration Endpoint Success in Acute Heart Failure Treatment.","authors":"Yiou Li, Jiajia Chen, Jianye Bian, Fangyuan Chen, Qianli Wan, Fang Yuan","doi":"10.31083/RCM27100","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM27100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ultrafiltration (UF) is an alternative approach to diuretic therapy for the treatment of acute heart failure (AHF), but its optimal endpoint is unclear. This study explores using non-invasive ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM) to determine UF endpoints based on hemodynamic changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-anonymized, randomized controlled trial, acute decompensated heart failure patients were randomly assigned to UF (U, n = 20) and USCOM+UF (UU, n = 20) groups at a ratio of 1:1. A mixed linear model was utilized to analyze repeated measurement data of hemodynamic indicators (primary endpoint) in the U and UU groups. A 30% or 50% decrease in B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentrations relative to the baseline was established as the criteria for the UF endpoint success. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify potential indicators within the USCOM that could have influenced the UF endpoint success. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the value of the predictive model. Economic benefits, including treatment costs and hospitalization duration, were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Change rates in mean arterial pressure, heart rate (HR), urine output, hematocrit, and BNP concentrations were similar between the U and UU groups over 7 days (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). On day 4, significant correlations were found between various USCOM parameters, including inotropy (INO), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), systemic vascular resistance, corrected flow time (FTc), velocity time integral, and the BNP of the UF parameters. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that INO and SVRI were correlated with a 30% reduction in BNP on day 4 compared to baseline, while FTc and HR were found to be independently associated with a 50% reduction in BNP on day 4 compared to baseline. The UF endpoint prediction formula for a 30% reduction in BNP was -2.462 + 0.028 × INO - 0.069 × SVRI, with sensitivities, specificities, and accuracies of 70%, 83%, and 75%, respectively. The UF endpoint prediction formula for a 50% reduction of BNP was -2.640 - 0.088 × FTc - 0.036 × HR, with sensitivities, specificities, and accuracies of 83%, 63.0%, and 72.5%, respectively. The addition of the USCOM significantly reduced treatment costs and hospitalization stay lengths.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Observing the USCOM using probability formulas served to determine appropriate UF endpoints during AHF treatments. UF combined with the USCOM can reduce the costs of UF and hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>NCT06533124, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06533124?term=NCT06533124&rank=1.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 5","pages":"27100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Atrial Fibrillation and Intervention Therapy in Cardiac Amyloidosis.","authors":"Runzhe Wu, Xiaojun Xia, Yongquan Niu, Feiyu Chen, Jia Zhu, Haodong Jiang, Congying Wang, Yunpeng Jin","doi":"10.31083/RCM37064","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM37064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common and serious arrhythmia that frequently complicates cardiac amyloidosis (CA), a rare condition characterized by amyloid deposits in the heart. The coexistence of AF in CA patients significantly increases the risk of heart failure, stroke, and other life-threatening complications; however, the therapeutic approach to managing AF in CA patients remains underexplored. Thus, this review discusses the features of AF in CA patients, recent research on the development of effective treatment options, and strategies for future therapies. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, assessing the epidemiology of AF in CA, the challenges in treatment, and the available intervention strategies, with a particular emphasis on catheter ablation and anticoagulation therapy. AF is highly prevalent in CA patients, with incidence rates reaching 88%. The presence of amyloid deposits exacerbates the risk of arrhythmias, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Traditional risk stratification models, such as the Congestive Heart Failure, Hypertension, Age ≥75 [Doubled], Diabetes Mellitus, Prior Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack [Doubled], Vascular Disease, Age 65-74, Female (CHA₂DS₂-VASc) score, have limited effectiveness in CA patients. Anticoagulation therapy, particularly direct oral anticoagulants, is recommended to prevent thromboembolic events, though individualized risk assessment is crucial. Catheter ablation has shown promise in improving outcomes, including reducing hospitalization rates and mortality. However, the benefits of catheter ablation remain controversial in light of recent studies suggesting potential risks such as prolonged hospital stays and higher economic burdens. AF is a significant and often fatal complication of CA. The CHA₂DS₂-VASc score has limitations in assessing thrombotic risk in CA patients; meanwhile, speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) has been shown to indirectly predict the danger of thrombosis in these patients. Therefore, the effect of conducting STE on CA patients needs to be further validated. While current therapies, including anticoagulation and catheter ablation, offer some benefits, their effectiveness remains uncertain due to the complexity of the pathophysiology of CA and limited high-quality studies. Future research should focus on developing amyloid-targeted therapies and conducting randomized trials to optimize AF management in CA patients to improve survival and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 5","pages":"37064"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Observations in the Treatment of Aortic Stenosis With the Transfemoral SAPIEN 3 Transcatheter Heart Valve: Insights From China.","authors":"Jie Dong, Ziping Li, Peijian Wei, Yiming Yan, Guangzhi Zhao, Wenbin Ouyang, Shiguo Li, Yongquan Xie, Junyi Wan, Donghui Xu, Fengwen Zhang, Gejun Zhang, Shouzheng Wang, Xiangbin Pan","doi":"10.31083/RCM28800","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM28800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged as the preferred treatment for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS). However, China's unique patient population presents distinct challenges, including a higher prevalence of bicuspid aortic valves (BAVs) and severe valve calcification. This study used real-world clinical data from Chinese patients to assess the safety and efficacy of the SAPIEN 3 balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve (THV) in TAVR, particularly in patients with BAVs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, multicenter study enrolled consecutive severe AS patients treated with SAPIEN 3 THVs via a transfemoral approach from June 2020 to March 2024. The primary endpoint was 30-day mortality, while secondary endpoints included procedural mortality, procedural success, conversion to surgery, coronary artery occlusion, THV-in-THV deployment, permanent pacemaker implantation, and paravalvular leaks (PVLs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1642 enrolled patients, 56.0% had BAVs, and 44.0% had tricuspid aortic valves (TAVs). The 30-day mortality rate was 0.90%. Propensity score matching revealed no statistically significant differences between patients with BAVs and TAVs in terms of 30-day mortality (odds ratio (OR): 1.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42 to 5.36; <i>p</i> = 0.531), immediate procedural mortality, procedural success, coronary artery occlusion, THV-in-THV deployment, permanent pacemaker implantation, or moderate to severe PVLs. However, a significant difference was found in the conversion rate to open surgery (OR: 5.07, 95% CI: 1.11 to 23.2; <i>p</i> = 0.036).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates the safety and feasibility of SAPIEN 3 balloon-expandable THVs in TAVR for Chinese patients with severe AS, including those with BAV stenosis. These findings challenge historical relative contraindications for TAVR in BAV patients and highlight the potential of TAVR in diverse patient populations. Larger prospective studies with extended follow-ups are needed to refine patient selection and evaluate longer-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 5","pages":"28800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Correlation Between Calcific Aortic Valve Disease and Carotid Artery Elasticity.","authors":"Yan Zhang, Hui Wang, Yu Zhong, Wei Wang, Zhijun Zhang, Quan He","doi":"10.31083/RCM26821","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM26821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the correlation between calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and carotid artery elasticity using ultra-fast pulse wave velocity (UFPWV) technology. Early detection of alterations in carotid artery elasticity, coupled with the prompt implementation of intervention strategies, can effectively decrease the incidence of cardiovascular diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with CAVD were recruited from the University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and placed in the observation group. Meanwhile, an equivalent number of patients with non-calcified aortic valve disease were recruited as controls. All participants underwent comprehensive health assessments, including measurements of blood lipids, fasting blood sugar, and other biochemical indicators. Additionally, bilateral carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was measured, as well as pulse wave velocity (PWV) at the beginning of systole (PWV-BS) and the end of systole (PWV-ES). Differences in various indicators between the two groups were analyzed, and the factors associated with CAVD and carotid artery elasticity were investigated. The correlation between CAVD and carotid artery elasticity was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with CAVD exhibited significantly higher CIMT, PWV-BS, and PWV-ES levels than those with non-calcified aortic valve disease (<i>p</i> < 0.01). PWV-BS and PWV-ES showed progressive increases according to the severity of calcification. Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and PWV-BS were all identified as independent risk factors for CAVD. The risk factors associated with PWV-BS include hypertension, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, total cholesterol, and homocysteine (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all). The risk factors related to PWV-ES include hypertension, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, total cholesterol, and glycated hemoglobin (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>UFPWV technology is a novel method for the early diagnosis of carotid elasticity. Evaluating carotid artery atherosclerosis in patients with CAVD may lead to earlier detection and intervention and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 5","pages":"26821"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet-To-Lymphocyte Ratio Efficiency in Predicting Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"He Wang, Tuerxun Zulikaier, Balati Yumaierjiang, Saiqi Lyu, Pengyi He","doi":"10.31083/RCM27942","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RCM27942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is applied as a potential first-line prognostic predictor for many cardiovascular diseases due to its simplicity and accessibility. This meta-analysis aimed to quantify the predictive power of PLR for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), explore its predictive efficacy in different populations, and identify other potential influencing factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched for eligible studies until February 7, 2025, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was employed for quality assessment. Sensitivity, specificity, summary receiving operating characteristic (SROC) and area under the curve (AUC) were combined using Stata 15.1 and Meta-DiSc software. Meta-regression analyses, subgroup analyses, threshold effect analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias tests were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies (7174 patients) were enrolled. High PLR could predict MACEs in ACS patients undergoing PCI, with 0.68 sensitivity (95% CI, 0.60-0.76), 0.65 specificity (95% CI, 0.57-0.73), and 0.72 AUC (95% CI, 0.68-0.76). Subgroup analyses noted that PLR better predicted MACEs after PCI in ACS patients in the subgroup with a higher proportion of female patients and the subset aged >60 years. Meta-regression analyses unveiled that study type (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and PLR cutoff value (<i>p</i> < 0.01) might be sources of heterogeneity in the sensitivity analyses, while the mean age (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and sex ratio (<i>p</i> = 0.05) might be sources of heterogeneity in the specificity analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High PLR levels have favorable values in predicting in-hospital and long-term MACEs after PCI in ACS patients. The PLR had greater sensitivity and an improved ability to identify risk in patients aged >60 years and the subgroup with a higher proportion of women and was also more sensitive to in-hospital MACEs.</p><p><strong>The prospero registration: </strong>No. CRD42024537586, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024537586.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"26 5","pages":"27942"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}