Research in Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Exposure-adjusted injury incidence and the impact of surveillance definitions in handball: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.","authors":"Aynollah Naderi, Fatemeh Shaabani, Mohammad Alghosi, Niels Wedderkopp, Giacomo Rossettini","doi":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2736776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2026.2736776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Handball carries a substantial injury burden, though reported incidence varies. This systematic review and meta-analysis quantified exposure-adjusted injury incidence in handball by synthesizing prospective cohort studies. Sixteen studies (11,049 players) were included. The pooled overall injury incidence was 5.05 per 1,000 hours; however, substantial heterogeneity was observed and prediction intervals were wide. Match incidence was significantly higher than training incidence, and contact injuries exceeded non-contact injuries. Notably, the difference between non-time-loss and time-loss injuries was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.058). Back players had significantly higher match injury rates than goalkeepers, and elite players exceeded amateurs. The knee and ankle were the most frequently injured anatomical locations, predominantly sustaining contusions and sprains. These findings emphasize the need for standardized surveillance and targeted prevention for match-related contact injuries, while highlighting that pooled rates require cautious interpretation due to extreme between-study variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":20958,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149064186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbohydrate mouth rinse and performance in cyclists: effects of different types of carbohydrates and the placebo effect induced by mouth rinse.","authors":"Maria Eduarda F Mendonça, Rafaela Nehme, Igor M Mariano, Públio F Vieira, Flávia M S de Branco, Manuela C Ferreira, Vinícius S Carvalho, Beatriz O Simões, Débora M Morais, Guilherme M Puga, Bryan Saunders, Erick P de Oliveira","doi":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2736778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2026.2736778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated whether carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinsing with maltodextrin or fructose improves time-trial performance in male amateur cyclists and whether mouth rinsing induces a placebo effect. Twelve male amateur cyclists participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study and performed a cycling protocol under four conditions: mouth rinsing with maltodextrin, fructose, or placebo, and a no-rinse control condition. The protocol involved 15 minutes of cycling at 65% of Wmax at 90 rpm, followed by a 15-minute time trial in which participants were instructed to produce as much work as possible. Performance was assessed by measuring power output. Power output did not differ among conditions during the time trial (maltodextrin: 247.0 ± 42.0 W; fructose: 242.8 ± 38.1 W; placebo: 246.8 ± 38.8 W; control: 243.2 ± 38.9 W; <i>p</i> = 0.989).  In conclusion, CHO mouth rinsing with maltodextrin or fructose did not improve 15-min cycling time-trial performance, and the act of rinsing did not induce a placebo effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":20958,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injury incidence in NCAA men's sports during 2019/20-2021/22: findings from the injury surveillance program during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Kody R Campbell, Adrian J Boltz, Neel Rao, Hannah Powers, William Felix, Aishwarya Bandaru, Christy L Collins, Avinash Chandran","doi":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2735962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2026.2735962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men's sports feature elite athletes, and systematic injury surveillance efforts are required to inform injury risk mitigation strategies in this population. We describe the epidemiology of injuries in this population during the COVID-19-impacted 2019/20-2021/22 academic years. We examined inju distributions by sport, event type, body part, diagnosis, and mechanism of injury, and used a Bayesian negative binomial modelling framework to estimate injury incidence rates (per 1,000 athlete-exposures [AEs]). A total of 21,195 injuries were reported across the study period, with 24.7% of all injuries attributed to the lower leg/foot and 26.2% classified as sprains. The posterior mean overall injury rate was 7.6 per 1,000 AEs (95% Credible Interval: 6.9-8.4) and overall injury incidence was estimated to be highest in football. The patterns observed underscored that injury incidence in NCAA men's sports remain linked to the specific gameplay dynamics of each sport.</p>","PeriodicalId":20958,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149017906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors and interventions for injury in competitive swimmers: a scoping review.","authors":"Suhaib Rambo, Kait Simpson, Linda Linton, Stelios Psycharakis","doi":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2733661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2026.2733661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Competitive swimming involves repetitive, high-load movements that predispose athletes to overuse injuries, particularly affecting the shoulder, lumbar spine and knee. However, prevention programmes often target isolated body regions, limiting their relevance to the range of injury sites and risk factors observed in swimmers. This scoping review aimed to map swimming-related injury risk factors and explore current injury-reduction interventions across body regions. Five databases were searched up to September 2025. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers and synthesized narratively. Of 4,394 studies identified, 58 met the inclusion criteria and included only competitive swimmers. Among 46 risk-factor studies, most focused on shoulder injuries, with fewer examining the lumbar spine or knee. The most frequently reported risk factors were training volume and intensity, injury history and muscle imbalance. All 12 intervention studies were exercise-based and targeted the shoulder or back. These findings support the need for multicomponent, whole-body prevention strategies in swimmers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20958,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between knee morphometric parameters and non-contact anterior cruciate ligament rupture in professional male football players: a case-control MRI study.","authors":"Yener İnce, Muhammed Yusuf Afacan, Goker Utku Deger, Tolgahan Korkmaz","doi":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2730383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2026.2730383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morphological characteristics of the knee have been widely investigated as potential risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury; however, the findings remain controversial. Most previous studies have evaluated heterogeneous populations with varying levels of physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between knee morphometric parameters and non-contact ACL rupture in a sport-specific population of professional male football players. Clinical and radiological data of professional football players evaluated between 2020 and 2025 were retrospectively analysed. Athletes with non-contact ACL rupture confirmed by clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included in the ACL rupture group, whereas athletes with normal clinical and MRI findings were included in the control group. Lateral tibial slope (LTS), medial tibial slope (MTS), global tibiofemoral rotation angle (TFRA), notch outlet length (NOL), tibial spine width (TSW), and notch width index (NWI) were measured on MRI. A total of 81 professional male football players were included, consisting of 40 athletes with ACL rupture and 41 controls. The mean ages of the patient and control groups were 23.65 ± 5.41 and 23.68 ± 4.95 years, respectively (p = 0.857). No statistically significant differences were observed between groups in terms of tibial slope measurements, tibiofemoral rotation angle, notch outlet length, or tibial spine width (p > 0.05). However, the NWI was significantly lower in the ACL rupture group, with a mean between-group difference of 1.38 percentage points (95% CI, 0.57-2.18; p = 0.001), and was approximately equal to the estimated minimal detectable change (MDC95 = 1.48). In multivariable analysis, a lower NWI remained associated with ACL rupture (adjusted OR = 0.677; 95% CI, 0.519-0.883; p = 0.004), and ROC analysis showed moderate discrimination (AUC = 0.700, 95% CI, 0.584-0.810). A relatively smaller intercondylar NWI was associated with non-contact ACL rupture in professional male football players. However, this finding should be interpreted as a population-level association rather than evidence of causality or individual predictive value. The other evaluated knee morphometric parameters were not significantly associated with ACL rupture in this sport-specific population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20958,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148930799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormonal status, maturation, anthropometry and motor performance in young football players: the advantage of early maturation.","authors":"Sasa Markovic, Tatjana Trivic, Dejan Javorac, Slavko Molnar, Zeljko Sekulic, Nemanja Zlojutro, Patrik Drid","doi":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2729037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2026.2729037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates differences in hormonal status, anthropometric measurements, technical skills, and motor performance among young football players across different stages of biological maturation. A total of 261 male players aged 11 to 14 from Bosnia and Herzegovina were divided into two competitive age groups: younger (11-12 years, 12.20 ± 0.57 years) and older (13-14 years, 14.23 ± 0.52 years). Skeletal age was determined using the Greulich-Pyle method. The players were evaluated for chronological age, skeletal age, age peak height velocity, body composition, hormonal levels (DHEA-S and IGF-1), sprint performance, agility, jumping ability, soccer-specific technical skills, and endurance capacity. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics, including descriptive statistics, ANOVA, t-tests, and effect size (η²), with <i>p</i> < 0.05. In the younger group (11-12 years), significant differences were found in skeletal age, APHV, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and hormonal levels (DHEA-S, IGF-1). However, no significant differences were observed in motor performance. In contrast, the older group (13-14 years) demonstrated significant maturation-related differences, including sprint performance, agility, and jump tests. Early maturation provides a significant advantage in anthropometric and motor performance, particularly among older players, and should be considered in talent identification and selection processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20958,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148930894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Advanced Throwers Ten Exercise Program for overuse shoulder injury prevention in badminton players: a narrative review.","authors":"Muskan Kumari, Mohammad Sidiq, Sachin Gupta","doi":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2729034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2026.2729034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the Advanced Throwers Ten Exercise Program (ATTEP) as an injury-prevention exercise program and to assess how ATTEP may serve as a viable aid to the long-term health and performance of badminton players, with the aim of filling a gap in the current literature. Our search identified 100 records; 13 were removed, leaving 87 for screening. After title and abstract screening, 35 studies met the eligibility criteria. Of these, 25 underwent detailed quality appraisal, with 6 subsequently excluded for not fully meeting the predefined age, injury-site, or intervention criteria. Ultimately, 19 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. The musculoskeletal characteristics of overhead-throwing athletes are unique and are based on instability of the glenohumeral complex. This program is designed to promote muscular coordination and balance and may support the transition from rehabilitation to competitive activity by incorporating dynamic stabilization principles. Incorporated as a warm-up, the program could help athletes reduce the risk of injury to the shoulder joint and improve performance in overhead athletes. Thus, introducing the ATTEP into pre-game exercises might aid in badminton performance enhancement and injury prevention and rehabilitation relating to overuse shoulder injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":20958,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate effects of vibration vs. non-vibration foam rolling on biomechanical and viscoelastic properties of knee flexor and extensor muscles in young male recreational athletes: a randomized, controlled, cross-over study.","authors":"Erhan Secer, Kazım Bayram, Derya Ozer Kaya","doi":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2659732","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2659732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the immediate effects of vibration (VFR) and non-vibration foam rolling (FR) on the biomechanical and viscoelastic properties of the knee flexor and extensor muscles. Thirteen young male recreational athletes (mean age: 21.46±1.45 years) completed three conditions: VFR, FR, and control conditions. Assessments were performed pre- and post-test using the MyotonPro. Regarding the knee flexors, no significant effects were observed for muscle tone, stiffness, elasticity, or relaxation time (p>0.05). Creep increased similarly in both VFR and FR groups (p=0.038). Regarding knee extensors, neither intervention affected muscle tone, elasticity, or relaxation time (p>0.05). Stiffness decreased in both groups, with VFR demonstrating greater efficacy compared to FR (p=0.002). Creep increased similarly in both the VFR and FR groups (p=0.016). Both interventions effectively enhanced the creep of knee flexor and extensor muscles and reduced knee extensor muscle stiffness, whereas VFR demonstrated a superior acute benefit in reducing extensor muscle stiffness.</p>","PeriodicalId":20958,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"590-609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arthroscopic management of patellar tendinopathy: a systematic review evaluating clinical outcomes and return to sport.","authors":"Anand Dhaliwal, Shaunton Stubbs, Matthew Hatter, Griffin Lerman, Megan Huang, Muzzamil Akthar, Sonia Aamer, Jonathan Pettegrew","doi":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2633279","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2633279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of arthroscopic management of patellar tendinopathy, focusing primarily on return to sport (RTS) and complication rates. A search following PRISMA guidelines was performed in the PubMed, Embase and Scopus databases to identify studies reporting outcomes of arthroscopic management of patellar tendinopathy. A meta-analysis comparing preoperative and postoperative patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) was performed using a random effects model, and a mean difference (MD) was calculated. A <i>p</i>-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. There were significant improvements after surgery in the VISA-P (MD: 40.5; <i>p</i> < 0.00001), Lysholm (MD: 41.6; <i>p</i> < 0.00001), SANE (MD: 46.3; <i>p</i> < 0.00001), VAS Pain (MD: 5.1; <i>p</i> < 0.00001), and Blazina scores (preoperative: 4.1; postoperative: 0.4; MD: 3.8; <i>p</i> < 0.00001). The pooled surgical complication and secondary surgery rates were 0.8% and 1.0%, respectively. The pooled rate of RTS at preinjury level was 82.2%. The pooled mean time to RTS was 4.0 months. Patients undergoing arthroscopic management of patellar tendinopathy demonstrated significant improvements in PROMs, low rates of surgical complications and secondary surgeries, and high rates of RTS.</p>","PeriodicalId":20958,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"517-549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146258806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quality monitoring approach to evaluating reinjury likelihood to Major League Baseball pitchers.","authors":"Austin Brown, Faruk Muritala, Andrew Haller","doi":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2632610","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15438627.2026.2632610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Major League Baseball (MLB), pitchers frequently sustain injuries that require rehabilitation following placement on the injured list (IL). In some cases, pitchers return to competition before fully recovering, increasing the risk of reinjury and multiple IL stints. Early identification of incomplete rehabilitation is therefore critical for protecting player health and maintaining team performance. Although advanced statistical learning methods have been proposed to detect changes in pitcher performance, such approaches typically require large amounts of training data for each individual, limiting their practical applicability. Given the objective of efficiently detecting changes in performance over time, statistical process control charting methods provide a natural alternative. This study proposes a control chart that integrates a process capability index with a cumulative summation (CUSUM) framework to monitor changes in an individual pitcher's game-by-game Walks and Hits Per Inning Pitched (WHIP) statistic. Results indicate that the proposed method effectively identifies elevated reinjury risk, signalling potential issues between four and nine games earlier than current practices, with sensitivity ranging from 72% to 99%. These findings highlight the potential of process monitoring techniques to enhance injury management in professional baseball.</p>","PeriodicalId":20958,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"506-516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146213996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}