Research & Development in Material Science最新文献

{"title":"Discussion on Measuring Method of Phytase Activity According to Term Enzyme Specificity","authors":"Gan Zhao","doi":"10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000814","url":null,"abstract":"According to the term enzyme specificity, a discussion on measuring method of phytase activity used now showed that the method could not show the order of inorganic phosphates released from sodium phytate to be helpful to classify or group the phytases studied now, but it is still be useful in production units at the grassroots level and preliminary researches of the phytase. The term enzyme specificity could be useful to interpreting accurately the results got by measuring enzyme activity and to judging the advantages and disadvantages of the method to measure enzyme activity. The discussion on the term enzyme specificity here could also be used as an example for students to study and apply the term they met or will meet.","PeriodicalId":20943,"journal":{"name":"Research & Development in Material Science","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74864229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on the Reducibility of Agbaja Iron Ore Lumps","authors":"C. Ocheri, Mbah Cn, R. E. Njoku, Urama Na","doi":"10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000811","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation on the reducibility of Agbaja iron ore lumps were performed .The chemical compositions, morphology and structural analysis of the ore were examined. Various equipment such as Thermogravimetry (TG), Differential Thermal Analyzer (DTA), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Inverted Metallurgical Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The reducibility experiments were performed where a muffle furnace was used as the heating device. The Agbaja iron ore lumps were taken inside six (6) stainless steel containers with diameter 60.75mm x 59.40mm inside diameter with mouths tightly closed by air tight covers having out let for exit gases. Metallurgical coking coal obtained from the Ajaokuta Steel Company Limited was used as the reducing agent. The experiments were performed where the ore lumps were crushed to some sizes and heated in the furnace ranging from 800 ͦC to 1000 ͦC for heating periods with interval temperature was 40 ͦC. The temperature interval rate was put at 40 ͦC. The corresponding heating period was from 20 minutes to 120 minutes with interval time of 20 minutes .The highest corresponding values for each temperature and heating period was put in the following order. The heating temperature of 800 ͦC for 120 minutes had corresponding values of 21.3% of reduction, at 840 ͦC for 120 minutes heating period gave a corresponding value of 25.0% of reduction. The result obtained when the ore lump was heated at 880 ͦC for 120 minutes gave a corresponding value of 26.7% of reduction, at 920 ͦC for 120 minutes , the corresponding value was 27,1% of reduction. The other corresponding values when the ore samples were heated to 960 ͦC and 1000 ͦC for both 120 minutes gave 31.0% and 33.0% degree of reduction respectively. The reduced Agbaja iron ore lumps were further analyzed using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and obtained the results as indicated in this orders. The values of Fe content for Agbaja iron ore lump at 800 ͦC for 120minutes was 40.7wt%, at 920 ͦC for 120 minutes, the Fe content value was 60.2wt% and at 1000 ͦC for 120 minutes, the Fe content was 56.2wt%..These results showed that the Agbaja iron ore reduced more at 800 ͦC for 120 minutes (40.7wt %) followed by 1000 ͦC for 120 minutes (56.2wt %) and the least reduced heating period and time was when the iron ore samples was heated at 920 ͦC for 120 minutes (60.2wt %).","PeriodicalId":20943,"journal":{"name":"Research & Development in Material Science","volume":"274 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84963233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vitro Biodegradation of Micro-Arc Oxidation on AZ31 Hybridized with Dopamine Compared to Phytic Acid","authors":"H. Soliman, Sun Mingyao, G. Wan","doi":"10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000809","url":null,"abstract":"More and more attention has been paid to magnesium alloys as a new generation of medical implant materials [1]. Mg alloys present physical and mechanical properties compatible with those of human bone however, the major obstacle for their use is the undesirable high corrosion rate [1]. This problem encourages the search for a protective coating to expand the use of Mg alloys. Currently, surface modification such as plasma electrolytic process (PEO) [2] Crimson Publishers Wings to the Research Research Article","PeriodicalId":20943,"journal":{"name":"Research & Development in Material Science","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85838239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Porous SiO2-TiO2-NiO Synthesized by the Sol-Gel Process and its Characterization","authors":"Chong-Santiago Aj, R. Mendoza-Serna, M. Caballero-Díaz, L. Valdez-Castro, J. Barrera-Cortés","doi":"10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000810","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental strategy was developed to obtain Si-Ti-Ni transparent sols via the sol-gel process. The sol was prepared from Si(OEt) 4 , Ti(OBu) 4 and Nickel(II) acetylacetonate. The chelating agent (2,4 pentanedione, acacH) was employed to stabilize Ti precursor in order to control their chemical reactivity, avoiding precipitation. A prehydrolyzed tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) sol was the Si source. The sol was characterized by UV-Vis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopies. The solids treated were characterized by FTIR. Assignments of the simultaneous formation of the Si-O-Ti and Si-O-Ni bonds were done. The sol was polymerized at room temperature (293 K) to obtain gels and these were dried and treated at 673, 773 and 873 K in air. The characterization techniques were, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), 29 Si Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS NMR). The surface area of the solids was determined by N 2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. The corresponding average pore diameter was evaluated using the methods BJH, DA and HK. These models were used because all together cover the full range of the pore size. The purpose of producing porous polymeric system of SiO 2 -TiO 2 -NiO is to combine the properties of each of the oxides in a single material for use in catalytic reactions.","PeriodicalId":20943,"journal":{"name":"Research & Development in Material Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89755589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycling Graphite for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: Options for Usage and Critical Integredients","authors":"T. Hickmann","doi":"10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000807","url":null,"abstract":"Already in 2010, a working group of the European Commission, analysed arround 41 materials and came to the conclusion about their criticality and the risk of supply safety and their ecomic importance. As a result, around 14 matrials were judged critically, and this included graphite as well [8]. For some industry areas, Graphite is estimated as a critical material [9]. For this reason, the importance of Recycling Graphite is growing and it is necessary to look for recycling material.","PeriodicalId":20943,"journal":{"name":"Research & Development in Material Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79504881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystallization Kinetics and Physical Properties of Al-3Fe-3Ni Alloy Due to the Order of the Introduction of the Alloying Elements","authors":"M. Im, Khriplyviy Ao, Frieze Vv, Romanko Pm, Khokhlova Ja, Khokhlov Ma","doi":"10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000804","url":null,"abstract":"The specific features of the crystallization kinetics of the ternary Al-Ni-Fe system due to the order of the introduction of the alloying elements are explained in terms of the cluster structure of the melts of binary metal systems Al-Ni and Al-Fe. It was established that the order of introduction of the alloying elements into the aluminum melt determines the formation of a different cluster structure, which is responsible for the mechanism of formation of crystallization nuclei and the formation of the phase composition of alloys. It is assumed that a substantial supersaturation of the solid solution with nickel atoms is associated with the introduction of Al3Ni-type clusters into the aluminum matrix of the Al-3Ni-3Fe alloy. This concept is confirmed by the presence of two exothermic peaks on the DSC curves in the region before the crystallization of the alloy and explains the abnormally high value of Young’s modulus and the high yield stress of the alloy.","PeriodicalId":20943,"journal":{"name":"Research & Development in Material Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88874359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Agricultural Waste Material on the Properties of Portland Cement Pastes","authors":"Darweesh Hhm, Abo El Suoud Mr","doi":"10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000802","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of wheat stalk ash (WSA) on the physical, chemical and mechanical properties as well as the hydration of the cement pastes containing it was evaluated, and so it can provide a necessary theoretical basis and a practical guiding significance for practical engineering. It is concluded that WSA could be partially added to cement without any adverse effect on its specific properties, particularly the compressive strength. The free lime content, Ca (OH) 2 is obviously decreased with WSA. The optimum WSA content was 20wt. %, and more than this amount, the specific properties of cement were declined. The polyprobyene admixture (PPP) is the mean reason responsible for the modification and improving most of physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the hardened cement pastes. The pozzolanic reactions of WSA with Ca (OH) 2 played a vital role to form additional CSH gel-phases that support and enhance the specific properties of the cement.","PeriodicalId":20943,"journal":{"name":"Research & Development in Material Science","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77781981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Fluted Floating Garbage Collection Device","authors":"Z. Ting","doi":"10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/rdms.2020.13.000801","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20943,"journal":{"name":"Research & Development in Material Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81459467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Room Temperature Photoluminescence and Optical Parameters of Micro Rods ZnO Thin Films Deposited on Silicon Substrates","authors":"Hassan K. Juwhari","doi":"10.31031/rdms.2020.12.000798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/rdms.2020.12.000798","url":null,"abstract":"Micro structured zinc oxide (ZnO) is of potential use in solar cells, solid state gas sensors, and other optoelectronic devices. For the advancement of these technologies, a comprehensive understanding of these materials’ optical characteristics is considered essential. Using the spray pyrolysis (SP) method, thin films of ZnO micro rods are deposited from aqueous zinc chloride solution on silicon substrates held at 350±5 °C. The films have been studied using the data acquired from the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), reflectance and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Hence, the XRD and SEM confirmed the films’ hexagonal phase and revealed the tapered ends of the hexagonal rods. The optical parameters including the refractive index, extinction coefficient, absorption coefficient, real and imaginary dielectric constants, conductivity, and the energy loss are all deduced from the reflectance spectra. Finally, the photoluminescence spectra of the studied samples are measured at room temperature using two excitation wavelengths: 300 and 365nm. As such, the obtained results confirmed the quality of the prepared films and allowed proper determination of their respective optical characteristics.","PeriodicalId":20943,"journal":{"name":"Research & Development in Material Science","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75535826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of Nanotechnology Towards Detection and Treatment of HIV/AIDs: A Review Article","authors":"Mope Edwin Malefane","doi":"10.31031/rdms.2020.12.000796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/rdms.2020.12.000796","url":null,"abstract":"There are frequent grumbles of HIV investigations that appears to be getting whisker close to a minor but influential word cure. Toxicity, viral reservoirs, societal discrimination and drug resistance increases the challenges faced with HIV detection and treatment. Nanotechnological applications in drug development and delivery promises to combat and correct issues associated with HIV treatment through generation of drugs with pharmacological advantages that are pioneered by unique materials properties at nanoscale compared to bulk, atomic scale or molecular dimensions. This mini review explores the profound research findings on different manipulations of nanosized materials (nanocapsules, nanocarriers, nanocrystals, etc.) towards rapid detection and cure and/or prevention of HIV. Moreover, possibilities for future investigations are suggested based on attained literature investigations and opinions as a roadmap towards successful HIV free generation and numerous advances in nanomedicine.","PeriodicalId":20943,"journal":{"name":"Research & Development in Material Science","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87692942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}