Respiratory investigation最新文献

{"title":"Persistent inflammation and lymphopenia and weaning outcomes of patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation","authors":"Ting-Yu Liao ,&nbsp;Yen-Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Yu-Ling Chen ,&nbsp;Yao-Wen Kuo ,&nbsp;Jih-Shuin Jerng","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Weaning outcomes of patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) are affected by multiple factors. A clinical feature of critically ill patients is the presence of lymphopenia, however the clinical significance of lymphopenia in patients receiving prolonged MV remains unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We enrolled patients who received at least 21 consecutive days of MV in a medical center in Taiwan between 2007 and 2016. Patients with and without lymphopenia (mean count &lt;1000/μL) were compared after propensity score matching.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 3460 patients included in the analysis, 1625 (47.0%) were liberated from MV within 100 days. Lymphopenia and severe lymphopenia (mean count &lt;500/μL) during the first 21 days of MV were common (52.9% and 14.5%, respectively), and restricted cubic spline analysis showed a significant reduction in weaning success when the lymphocyte count dropped below 1000/μL. After propensity score matching, the patients with lymphopenia during the third week had a lower rate of weaning success within 100 days (p = 0.005) and a higher in-hospital mortality rate (p = 0.001) than those without lymphopenia. The lymphopenia group also had significantly reduced platelet (p &lt; 0.001) and albumin (p &lt; 0.001) levels.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings suggest that lymphopenia during the first 3 weeks may be a marker of poor weaning outcomes in patients with prolonged MV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"62 6","pages":"Pages 935-941"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidisciplinary team discussion based on etiological treatment improves refractory chronic cough outcomes","authors":"Yicong Lu ,&nbsp;Wanting Huang ,&nbsp;Danruo Fang ,&nbsp;Huijie Wang ,&nbsp;Jiangying Guo ,&nbsp;Na Li ,&nbsp;Xuefen Wang ,&nbsp;Miaoyan Chen ,&nbsp;Jia Chen ,&nbsp;Huaqiong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Refractory chronic cough (RCC) causes significant impairments in the life quality of patients. Further research into the identification of etiologies and development of the treatment schedules for RCC is needed.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>We established an multidisciplinary team (MDT) clinic, by integrating respiratory medicine, otorhinolaryngology, and gastroenterology departments, to investigate cough etiologies and the effectiveness of treatment. The therapeutic effect was assessed quantitatively using the Cough Visual Analog Scales (VAS), Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), and Reflux Symptoms Index (RSI) scores.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 213 patients attending the MDT outpatient clinic were examined, and 115 patients with RCC were included for analysis. The RCC diagnosis rate among the outpatient was 88.7%. Common causes of RCC included gastroesophageal reflux cough (63.5%), upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) (43.5%), and cough variant asthma (CVA) (14.8%). After an average treatment period of 2.17 ± 1.06 weeks (wk), 73.9% of the patients had partial cough remission, and 6.1% had complete cough remission. The cough VAS score before and after treatment was 6.11 ± 2.02 vs. 3.66 ± 2.22 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), respectively; LCQ total score before and after treatment was 10.24 ± 3.11 vs. 13.16 ± 3.59 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), respectively; and RSI score before and after treatment was 15.82 ± 7.01 vs. 10.71 ± 6.64 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The etiologies of most patients with RCC could be identified in the MDT clinic, and the cough-related symptoms of a significant number of patients with RCC improved in a short period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"62 6","pages":"Pages 942-950"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asthma exacerbations and airway redox imbalance under type 2 inflammatory conditions","authors":"Tadao Nagasaki ,&nbsp;Sally E. Wenzel","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by bronchial hyperresponsiveness and reversibility. Despite considerable advances in asthma treatment based on our understanding of its pathophysiology, asthma exacerbations remain challenging. To reduce asthma exacerbations, it is essential to identify triggers, patients’ risk factors, and underlying mechanisms. While exposure to viruses and environmental stimuli are known common triggers for asthma exacerbations, the key factors involved in asthma exacerbations have been identified as type 2 inflammation. Type 2 inflammatory biomarkers have been demonstrated to be useful in predicting individuals at risk of exacerbations. Furthermore, recent clinical trials of targeted biological therapy, which blocks the type 2 pathway, have supported the critical role of type 2 inflammation in asthma exacerbations. Although the specific mechanisms linking type 2 inflammation to asthma exacerbations have not yet been fully elucidated, increasing evidence shows that reduction/oxidation (redox) imbalance likely plays an important role in this association. Under type 2 inflammatory conditions, human airway epithelial cells activate 15-lipoxygenase-1 in complex with phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein-1, leading to the generation of electrophilic hydroperoxyl-phospholipids. When the accumulation of reactive lipid peroxidation surpasses a specific glutathione-dependent activity, these electrophilic compounds are not neutralized, leading to programmed cell death, ferroptosis. Reduced glutathione levels, caused by type 2 inflammation, may impair its ability to neutralize reactive lipid peroxidation. The accumulation of lipid peroxidation with intracellular redox imbalance may contribute to asthma exacerbations in individuals with type 2 inflammation. Inhibiting the ferroptotic pathway holds promise as a therapeutic strategy to alleviate asthma exacerbations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"62 6","pages":"Pages 923-928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical research using real-world data: A narrative review","authors":"Yuya Kimura ,&nbsp;Taisuke Jo ,&nbsp;Hiroki Matsui ,&nbsp;Hideo Yasunaga","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and studies using real-world data (RWD) each have their strengths and weaknesses, and can effectively complement each other. When RCTs are not feasible, RWD studies offer a valuable alternative. In this narrative review, we examine several types of RWD studies, focusing on studies utilizing administrative claims databases. These include the Diagnosis Procedure Combination databases, commercially available health checkups and healthcare claims databases (such as the JDMC and DeSC databases), and the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB). Given that these claims databases cover different populations, patient settings, variables, and levels of accessibility, it is crucial for researchers to select the most appropriate data source to effectively address their research questions. Additionally, it is desirable for readers of studies using these databases to be aware of their characteristics in order to fully understand the context and limitations of the research findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"62 6","pages":"Pages 929-934"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular analysis of non-small cell lung cancer using a dual-targeted DNA and RNA comprehensive genomic profiling panel","authors":"Hidenori Kage ,&nbsp;Shinji Kohsaka ,&nbsp;Kenji Tatsuno ,&nbsp;Kousuke Watanabe ,&nbsp;Aya Shinozaki-Ushiku ,&nbsp;Hideaki Isago ,&nbsp;Tetsuo Ushiku ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Aburatani ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Mano ,&nbsp;Katsutoshi Oda","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Comprehensive cancer genomic profiling tests have recently been used clinically to guide optimal treatment. Currently approved tests use DNA from tissue or plasma samples to analyze a few hundred genes. RNA panels complement DNA panels to detect fusion and exon skipping.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Between April 2017 and March 2022, we analyzed non-small cell lung cancer samples using Todai OncoPanel, a matched tumor/normal pair panel targeting both DNA and RNA. Publicly available genomic data was downloaded from the Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics database on 2022/11/3.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sixty non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples were analyzed. With the DNA panel, 32 samples (53%) had <em>TP53</em> loss-of-function mutations. Among adenocarcinoma, 17 (33%) had <em>EGFR</em> activating mutations, and 6 (12%) had <em>ERBB2</em> activating mutations. One <em>BRCA1</em> and one <em>BRCA2</em> pathogenic germline variant were also detected. With the RNA panel, 11 fusion genes were detected, all in adenocarcinoma. Specifically, <em>EML4-ALK</em> and <em>KIF5B-RET</em> were detected from one sample each, and 9 others were all novel fusions with unknown pathogenicity. In addition, 4 of 60 (7%) NSCLC samples harbored <em>MET</em> exon 14 skipping. Analysis of the Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics database found 37 MET exon 14 splice site mutations in 1514 NSCLC samples (2%, p = 0.039).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Analysis of NSCLC with Todai OncoPanel detected many druggable targets. Its RNA panel may detect <em>MET</em> exon 14 skipping with high sensitivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"62 5","pages":"Pages 910-913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212534524001199/pdfft?md5=ac3b398fcefa1990fed5ee4f12e5d472&pid=1-s2.0-S2212534524001199-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of respiratory syncytial virus infections in older adults with acute respiratory infection in Japan: An epidemiological study among outpatients","authors":"Hiroyuki Ohbayashi ,&nbsp;Takayuki Sakurai ,&nbsp;Daisuke Himeji ,&nbsp;Yasushi Fukushima ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Takahashi ,&nbsp;Arihiro Kiyosue ,&nbsp;Eliazar Sabater Cabrera ,&nbsp;Taizo Matsuki ,&nbsp;Daniel Molnar ,&nbsp;Victor Preckler Moreno ,&nbsp;Silvia Damaso ,&nbsp;Jean-Yves Pirçon ,&nbsp;Maria Moitinho de Almeida","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory illness, with severe outcomes in older adults. Information on the prevalence, hospitalization rate, and impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of RSV in older adults with acute respiratory infections (ARI) in outpatient settings in Japan is limited.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This multi-center epidemiological study included outpatients aged ≥60 years presenting with ARI between August 2021 and February 2023. Nasal and throat swabs were collected and tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The prevalence of RT-PCR-confirmed RSV (cRSV)-ARI, cRSV-lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD), and other respiratory viruses was calculated by season, region, age group, and RSV subtype. HRQoL was assessed via patient-reported outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study included 923 ARI episodes (cRSV-ARI: N = 24; non-cRSV-ARI: N = 899). In years 1 and 2 (August 2021–July 2022 and August 2022–February 2023), the prevalence of cRSV-ARI was 2.5% and 2.8%, respectively. There was a predominance of RSV-B and RSV-A subtypes in years 1 and 2, respectively. In years 1 and 2 combined, 37.5% of cRSV-ARI cases had lower respiratory tract infection; all cRSV-LRTD cases occurred in those aged 60–74 years. RSV-ARI cases reported throat, chest, and respiratory symptoms, leading to impaired functioning and HRQoL.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>During the observed study period, RSV was circulating among older adults in Japan. RSV was a leading cause of ARI and LRTD. More data are needed to fully clarify the burden of RSV among older adults in Japan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"62 5","pages":"Pages 914-921"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical potential of SKP2 as diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in small cell lung cancer","authors":"Naohisa Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Ken Tajima ,&nbsp;Fumiyuki Takahashi ,&nbsp;Yoichiro Mitsuishi ,&nbsp;Aditya Wirawan ,&nbsp;Moulid Hidayat ,&nbsp;Wira Winardi ,&nbsp;Adityo Wibowo ,&nbsp;Daisuke Hayakawa ,&nbsp;Kenta Izumi ,&nbsp;Koichiro Kanamori ,&nbsp;Yosuke Miyashita ,&nbsp;Takafumi Handa ,&nbsp;Tetsuhiko Asao ,&nbsp;Ryo Ko ,&nbsp;Takehito Shukuya ,&nbsp;Naoko Shimada ,&nbsp;Kazuya Takamochi ,&nbsp;Takuo Hayashi ,&nbsp;Kenji Suzuki ,&nbsp;Kazuhisa Takahashi","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive type of lung cancer. The overall survival has not improved significantly over the last decades because no major therapeutic breakthroughs have been achieved for over 15 years.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed a genome-wide loss-of-function screening database to identify vulnerabilities in SCLC for the development of urgently needed novel therapies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We identified <em>SKP2</em> (encoding S-phase kinase-associated protein 2) and <em>CKS1B</em> (encoding CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 1B) as the two most essential genes in that order in SCLC. Notably, SKP2 and CKS1B comprise the p27 binding pocket of the E3 ubiquitin ligase SCF^SKP2 complex. Immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays revealed that SKP2 was expressed in &gt;95% of samples at substantially higher levels than that observed for commonly used neuroendocrine markers. As expected, SCLC cell lines were sensitive to SKP2 inhibition. Furthermore, SKP2 or CKS1B knockdown induced apoptosis in <em>RB1</em> mutant cells, whereas it induced senescence in <em>RB1</em> wild-type cells.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Although the mechanism underlying SKP2 knockdown-induced growth inhibition differs between <em>RB1</em>-wild-type and -mutant SCLC, SKP2 can be considered a novel therapeutic target for patients with SCLC regardless of the <em>RB1</em> mutation status. Our findings indicate that SKP2 is a potential novel clinical diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in SCLC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"62 5","pages":"Pages 901-909"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212534524001151/pdfft?md5=bd6f387b47310c081611aadf5fdfd15b&pid=1-s2.0-S2212534524001151-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized, open-label phase II study on the preventive effect of goshajinkigan against peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel-containing chemotherapy: The OLCSG2101 study protocol","authors":"Naoki Nakamura ,&nbsp;Go Makimoto ,&nbsp;Takaaki Tanaka ,&nbsp;Yuka Kato ,&nbsp;Isao Oze ,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Kozuki ,&nbsp;Toshihide Yokoyama ,&nbsp;Hirohisa Ichikawa ,&nbsp;Shoichi Kuyama ,&nbsp;Naofumi Hara ,&nbsp;Yoshinobu Maeda ,&nbsp;Katsuyuki Hotta","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Paclitaxel (PTX) is an essential cytotoxic anticancer agent and a standard treatment regimen component for various malignant tumors, including advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer, thymic cancer, and primary unknown cancers. However, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) caused by PTX is a significant adverse event that may lead to chemotherapy discontinuation and deterioration of the quality of life (QOL). Although treatment modalities such as goshajinkigan (GJG), pregabalin, and duloxetine are empirically utilized for CIPN, there is no established evidence for an agent as a preventive measure. We designed a randomized phase II trial (OLCSG2101) to investigate whether prophylactic GJG administration can prevent the onset of CIPN induced by PTX.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study was designed as a two-arm, prospective, randomized, multicenter phase II trial. The patients will be randomly assigned to either the GJG prophylaxis arm (Arm A) or the GJG non-prophylaxis arm (Arm B), using cancer type (lung cancer or not) and age (&lt;70 years or not) as adjustment factors. A total of 66 patients (33 in each arm) will be enrolled.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The results of this study may contribute to better management of CIPN, which can enable the continuation of chemotherapy and maintenance of the patient's QOL.</p></div><div><h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3><p>Ethical approval was obtained from the certified review board of Okayama University (approval no. CRB21-005) on September 28, 2021. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences.</p></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><p>Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (registration number jRCTs061210047).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"62 5","pages":"Pages 897-900"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141962714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of serum transthyretin for prediction of the 1-year outcome in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: An evaluation of sarcopenic and nutritional indicators","authors":"Kohei Fujita ,&nbsp;Akihito Okada ,&nbsp;Hirotsugu Ohkubo ,&nbsp;Akiko Nakano ,&nbsp;Keima Ito ,&nbsp;Yuta Mori ,&nbsp;Kensuke Fukumitsu ,&nbsp;Satoshi Fukuda ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Kanemitsu ,&nbsp;Takehiro Uemura ,&nbsp;Tomoko Tajiri ,&nbsp;Yutaka Ito ,&nbsp;Tetsuya Oguri ,&nbsp;Yoshiyuki Ozawa ,&nbsp;Takayuki Murase ,&nbsp;Akio Niimi","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) often experience sarcopenia and malnutrition. However, this has not been fully examined through longitudinal surveys. This study investigated whether sarcopenia and malnutrition were associated with 1-year outcomes in IPF.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We evaluated sarcopenia and nutritional status in 64 outpatients with IPF. We assessed the time-to-event for respiratory-related hospitalizations or deaths 12 months after enrollment. Sarcopenia was diagnosed by the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, 2019. Nutritional status was assessed by serum transthyretin and the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The average age was 73.6 ± 7.9 years, and the percent predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) was 81.9 ± 15.7%. Of the 64 patients, 24 (37.5%) had sarcopenia. The median serum transthyretin level and mean GNRI were 23.8 mg/dL and 102, respectively. Eleven patients (17.2%) experienced respiratory-related hospitalization or death within the first year. Cox regression analysis showed that the % predicted diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, lowest oxygen saturation in the 6-min walk test, serum transthyretin level, and GNRI were significant predictors of 1-year outcomes. The Kaplan–Meier method, which divided the patients into two groups based on a transthyretin level of 22.6 mg/dL, showed a significant difference (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, log-rank test). Sarcopenia and the percent predicted FVC did not predict the 1-year outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This pilot study represents the first longitudinal survey assessing patients with IPF for sarcopenia and malnutrition. Serum transthyretin levels may predict respiratory-related hospitalization or death within 1 year in patients with IPF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"62 5","pages":"Pages 889-896"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 co-detection with other respiratory pathogens-descriptive epidemiological study","authors":"Ken Arimura ,&nbsp;Ken Kikuchi ,&nbsp;Yasuto Sato ,&nbsp;Hitomi Miura ,&nbsp;Asako Sato ,&nbsp;Hideki Katsura ,&nbsp;Mitsuko Kondo ,&nbsp;Michio Itabashi ,&nbsp;Etsuko Tagaya","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Co-detection of respiratory pathogens with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is poorly understood. This descriptive epidemiological study aimed to determine the effect of the interaction of different respiratory pathogens on clinical variables.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We retrospectively reviewed the results of comprehensive multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing from November 2020 to March 2023 to estimate respiratory pathogen co-detection rates in Shinjuku, Tokyo. We evaluated the interactions of respiratory pathogens, particularly SARS-CoV-2, between observed and expected co-detection. We estimated the trend of co-detection with SARS-CoV-2 in terms of age and sex and applied a multiple logistic regression model adjusted for age, testing period, and sex to identify influencing factors between co-detection and single detection for each pathogen.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 57,746 patients who underwent multiplex PCR testing, 10,516 (18.2%) had positive for at least one of the 22 pathogens. Additionally, 881 (1.5%) patients were confirmed to have a co-detection. SARS-CoV-2 exhibited negative interactions with adenovirus, coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhino/enterovirus. SARS-CoV-2 co-detection with other pathogens occurred most frequently in patients of the youngest age group (0–4 years). A multiple logistic regression model indicated that younger age was the most influential factor for SARS-CoV-2 co-detection with other respiratory pathogens.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study highlights the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 co-detection with other respiratory pathogens in younger age groups, necessitating further exploration of the clinical implications and severity of SARS-CoV-2 co-detection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"62 5","pages":"Pages 884-888"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212534524001175/pdfft?md5=85ff8f1d064fbd93d08980a87516c3e1&pid=1-s2.0-S2212534524001175-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}