Respiratory investigation最新文献

{"title":"Treatment of small cell lung cancer; advances and future prospects","authors":"Seiji Niho","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For a long time, the standard chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was a combination of platinum plus etoposide. In 2019, anti-PD-L1 antibodies atezolizumab or durvalumab were introduced for the treatment of extensive-stage (ES) SCLC in combination with chemotherapy. Two randomized phase III studies (IMpower 133 and CASPIAN) demonstrated that addition of atezolizumab or durvalumab to platinum plus etoposide prolonged the overall survival in ES-SCLC patients. In addition, consolidation therapy with durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy was also shown to prolong the overall survival in patients with limited-stage SCLC. Tarlatamab is a bispecific antibody that targets DLL3 and CD3. It binds to both DLL3 on cancer cells and CD3 on T cells, causing T-cell-mediated lysis of cancer cells. A phase II study (DeLLphi-301) showed a 40 % response rate and median progression-free survival of 4.9 months following tarlatamab administration in previously treated SCLC patients, which led to approval of this drug in Japan for the treatment of SCLC at the end of 2024. A molecular biological classification of SCLC was proposed in 2021. Four SCLC subtypes (SCLC-A, N, P, and I) were defined based on differential expression of some transcription factors. An exploratory subgroup analysis of data from IMpower 133 study demonstrated that patients with SCLC-I tumors derive the greatest benefit from the addition of atezolizumab to chemotherapy. Further development of effective treatments and additional biomarkers to predict efficacy is needed. Bispecific antibodies and/or antibody-drug conjugate could be the next candidates for breakthroughs in the treatment of SCLC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 4","pages":"Pages 680-685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hygiene environment during childhood may affect susceptibility to sarcoidosis: A case-control study of environmental risk factors","authors":"Michiru Sawahata ,&nbsp;Naoto Arai ,&nbsp;Ryohei Kamei ,&nbsp;Hitokazu Tsukao ,&nbsp;Noriharu Shijubo ,&nbsp;Takeshi Hattori ,&nbsp;Satoshi Konno ,&nbsp;Koki Kosami ,&nbsp;Masanari Kuwabara ,&nbsp;Ryusuke Ae ,&nbsp;Yosikazu Nakamura ,&nbsp;Masashi Bando ,&nbsp;Koichi Hagiwara ,&nbsp;Makoto Maemondo","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study investigated the association between the development of sarcoidosis and environmental factors, focusing on the childhood hygiene environment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This case-control study used a questionnaire administered to patients with sarcoidosis and residence-matched controls (age 18 to &lt;90 years) in 7 prefectures between 2018 and 2020. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors, including adulthood lifestyle history, childhood hygiene environment, and history of infections.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One hundred sixty-four patients with sarcoidosis and 1779 controls (641 men, 1138 women) were enrolled. Multivariate analysis showed that smoking history during adulthood was associated with developing sarcoidosis (odds ratio [OR], 2.09; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.16–3.75). For the childhood hygiene environment, attending nursery school (OR, 2.76; 95 % CI, 1.57–4.84) and use of well water (OR, 2.89; 95 % CI, 1.65–5.07) at age 0–2 years were associated with developing sarcoidosis. The OR of attending nursery school at age 3–6 years (OR, 1.79; 95 % CI, 0.89–3.61) was lower than that at age 0–2 years, but the OR of use of well water at age 3–6 years (OR, 2.89; 95 % CI, 1.59–5.26) was still high. By contrast, the risk of developing sarcoidosis was lower for being breastfed (OR, 0.36; 95 % CI, 0.15–0.88). Development of sarcoidosis was associated with history of tuberculosis (OR, 5.82; 95 % CI, 1.28–26.53).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both adulthood lifestyle history and childhood hygiene environment were associated with sarcoidosis. Daily direct exposure to diverse microorganisms during childhood may increase the likelihood of antigens for granuloma formation entering the body and also modify susceptibility to sarcoidosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 4","pages":"Pages 672-679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the pleural fluid Rivalta test for diagnosing pleural effusion","authors":"Masafumi Shimoda,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Tanaka,&nbsp;Kozo Morimoto,&nbsp;Megumi Hirano,&nbsp;Kaori Nagao,&nbsp;Kozo Yoshimori,&nbsp;Ken Ohta","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Rivalta test is commonly used to differentiate exudates from transudates in body cavity effusions. However, its diagnostic utility for pleural effusion remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the Rivalta test in differentiating various types of pleural effusions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were retrospectively collected from 1158 patients at Fukujuji Hospital between January 2012 and June 2024. The cohort included 202 patients with tuberculous pleurisy, 246 with pleural infection, 427 with malignant pleural effusion, 76 with transudative pleural effusion, and 207 with other diseases. Rivalta test-positive and Rivalta test-negative groups were compared, along with the Rivalta test results across five disease groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among all patients, 1099 (94.9 %) had a positive Rivalta test, while 59 (5.1 %) had a negative Rivalta test. Serum C-reactive protein and total pleural protein levels were significantly lower in the Rivalta test-negative group. A negative Rivalta test was significantly associated with transudative pleural effusion compared with exudative pleural effusion (tuberculous pleurisy, pleural infection, malignant pleural effusion, and other diseases) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), whereas no significant differences were observed among the exudative groups. The negative Rivalta test showed 35.5 % sensitivity and 97.0 % specificity for identifying transudative pleural effusion. The Rivalta test showed lower diagnostic accuracy than Light's criteria did (McNemar test, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). When added to Light's criteria, the diagnostic accuracy decreased, with a net reclassification improvement of −65 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that the Rivalta test has lower diagnostic utility than Light's criteria and should not be incorporated into pleural effusion examinations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 4","pages":"Pages 667-671"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical impact of radiological pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis-like lesions in fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis and efficacy of antigen avoidance","authors":"Tadatsugu Yoshinaga ,&nbsp;Hiroki Shoji ,&nbsp;Shingo Imura ,&nbsp;Yuhei Suzuki ,&nbsp;Kenta Tanaka ,&nbsp;Sae Takashima ,&nbsp;Tomoko Kobori ,&nbsp;Mototaka Hattori ,&nbsp;Yumiko Ikubo ,&nbsp;Shogo Kasai ,&nbsp;Yasumi Okochi ,&nbsp;Hitoshi Tokuda","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE)-like lesions are frequently observed on high-resolution computed tomography in patients with fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (f-HP). This study aimed to evaluate the association of these lesions with overall survival and disease progression in f-HP patients and to examine the efficacy of antigen avoidance.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective observational study of patients with f-HP was conducted in a single center. High-resolution computed tomography was used to assess the presence of radiological PPFE-like lesions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Radiological PPFE-like lesions were detected in 48 of the 107 patients analyzed (44.9 %). Lesions were significantly associated with death from any cause (hazard ratio, 2.32; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.13–4.95; p = 0.024) and disease progression (odds ratio, 2.90; 95 % CI, 1.17–7.50; p = 0.024). Antigen non-avoidance was a significant predictor of worse overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.67; 95 % CI, 1.31–5.76; p = 0.008) and disease progression (odds ratio, 3.62; 95 % CI, 1.52–8.96; p = 0.004). Overall survival was significantly better (p = 0.116) and annual decline in forced vital capacity was significantly smaller (p = 0.002) in patients with radiological PPFE-like lesions who achieved antigen avoidance than in those who did not.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Radiological PPFE-like lesions were associated with worse survival and decline in forced vital capacity in patients with f-HP. Antigen avoidance may improve survival and prevent disease progression in f-HP patients with lesions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 4","pages":"Pages 660-666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term safety and effectiveness of mepolizumab for patients with bronchial asthma in routine clinical practice in Japan — final report of special drug use investigation","authors":"Eriko Tsuboi ,&nbsp;Hironobu Aoki ,&nbsp;Kiyomi Aizawa ,&nbsp;Masaki Komatsubara ,&nbsp;Peter Howarth","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mepolizumab is an anti-interleukin-5 (IL-5) monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-5-driven airway inflammation, including eosinophilia. Mepolizumab is well tolerated and effective in reducing exacerbations in patients with bronchial asthma. However, limited real-world data are available for treatment outcomes of mepolizumab in patients with bronchial asthma in Japan. Therefore, this large-scale study aimed to assess the long-term safety and effectiveness of mepolizumab in patients with bronchial asthma in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this real-world observational study conducted between January 2017 and September 2023, patients with bronchial asthma who had available data in an electronic data capture system for at least 52 weeks prior to subcutaneous mepolizumab treatment were monitored for 52 weeks from their first dose of mepolizumab. Safety was evaluated based on patient-reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and effectiveness was evaluated by frequency of asthma exacerbations, changes in Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores, and peak expiratory flow (PEF).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 1061 patients were enrolled. ADRs were reported by 4.1 % of patients in the safety population (n = 1027). No new safety concerns were identified. The overall effectiveness was evaluated in 959 patients in the effectiveness population. Post-mepolizumab initiation, asthma exacerbations were reduced from 3.8 to 1.0 per person-year; mean (standard deviation [SD]) ACT scores improved from 15.9 (4.6) to 21.4 (3.9); mean (SD) PEF improved from 304.4 L/min (146.8) to 349.5 L/min (134.7) compared with pre-mepolizumab initiation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This analysis of real-world data demonstrates that mepolizumab was well tolerated and effective in patients with bronchial asthma in Japan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 4","pages":"Pages 651-659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: current status and future perspectives","authors":"Yosuke Kamide,&nbsp;Masami Taniguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.04.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.04.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a systemic vasculitis with hypereosinophilia that is preceded by asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Since multiple organs may be involved in this disease, early treatment is required. In this regard, glucocorticoid (GC) therapy is often initiated before a definitive diagnosis is made. A biopsy of an injured organ is useful for a diagnosis but is not performed in all cases due to its invasiveness and, at times, diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, a comprehensive diagnosis is often made based on symptoms and clinical course of disease. However, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish EGPA from other hypereosinophilic diseases or vasculitides.</div><div>In recent years, in addition to GC and immunosuppressive agents, anti–interleukin (IL)-5/IL-5 receptor alpha (IL-5Rα) antibodies targeting eosinophils have become increasingly important in the treatment of EGPA. However, accumulating data suggest that such anti–IL-5/IL-5Rα antibody therapy may have effects beyond those observed in eosinophils. This paper outlines the clinical features, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and current treatment of EGPA, a hypereosinophilic disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 4","pages":"Pages 639-650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olaparib-induced interstitial lung disease: A case series analysis","authors":"Mototaka Hattori ,&nbsp;Yu Mikami ,&nbsp;Midori Sato ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Nagai ,&nbsp;Koki Fujii ,&nbsp;Yuki Horiguchi ,&nbsp;Masahiro Shuzui ,&nbsp;Kensuke Fukuda ,&nbsp;Yuichiro Miyamoto ,&nbsp;Mayuyo Mori ,&nbsp;Munetoshi Hinata ,&nbsp;Masanori Kawakami ,&nbsp;Akihisa Mitani ,&nbsp;Goh Tanaka ,&nbsp;Hidenori Kage","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Olaparib-induced interstitial lung disease (OILD) is a rare but potentially serious adverse event, and its imaging characteristics and clinical course remain unclear. Ishimoto et al. previously reported three cases of OILD, but further characterisation is needed. We present three additional cases, all presenting with fever and bilateral ground-glass opacities (GGO) and fine reticulonodular opacities on computed tomography (CT). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis showed marked lymphocytosis (&gt;75 %). Prednisolone (0.5–1 mg/kg/day) was effective without fibrosis. BALF lymphocytosis may aid in the diagnosis of OILD. OILD should be considered in febrile patients receiving olaparib.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 4","pages":"Pages 629-632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring factors associated with clinical remission in patients with severe asthma receiving anti-IL-4Rα, anti-IL-5/5R, or anti-IgE treatment","authors":"Shota Takahashi ,&nbsp;Naoya Tanabe ,&nbsp;Satoshi Marumo ,&nbsp;Yu Hara ,&nbsp;Yusuke Hayashi ,&nbsp;Shinya Tsukamoto ,&nbsp;Kyohei Morita ,&nbsp;Chie Yoshimura ,&nbsp;Moon Hee Hwang ,&nbsp;Hironobu Sunadome ,&nbsp;Atsuyasu Sato ,&nbsp;Kota Murohashi ,&nbsp;Takeshi Kaneko ,&nbsp;Hisako Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Toyohiro Hirai","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The optimal selection of biologics is critical for achieving clinical remission (CR) in patients with severe asthma. This real-world study examined baseline prebiologic factors associated with CR in patients with severe asthma receiving anti-IL-4Rα, anti-IL-5/5R, or anti-IgE treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This Japanese multicenter retrospective observational study included consecutive patients with severe asthma whose spirometry and asthma control test (ACT) data were available after at least 1 year of anti-IL-4Rα, anti-IL-5/5R, or anti-IgE treatment. The 3-domain CR was defined based on no maintenance oral corticosteroid (OCS) use, no exacerbation in the previous year, and ACT ≥23. The 4-domain CR was defined based on no OCS, no exacerbation, ACT ≥20, and percentage-predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s ≥ 80 %.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 236 patients with severe asthma were included (n = 81, 104, and 51 for the anti-IL-4Rα, anti-IL-5/5R, and anti-IgE treatment groups, respectively). The rates of 3- and 4-domain CR were 28–47 % and 22–36 %, respectively. In the multivariate models, the presence of chronic rhinosinusitis and higher FeNO levels were associated with 3-domain CR in patients receiving anti-IL-4Rα treatment but not in those receiving anti-IL-5/5R or anti-IgE treatment after adjusting for baseline OCS use, past-year exacerbation history, body mass index, sex, and disease duration. Moreover, higher FeNO levels were associated with 4-domain CR in patients receiving anti-IL-4Rα treatment after adjustment for the same variables.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Anti-IL-4Rα treatment may be effective for patients with severe asthma who have chronic rhinosinusitis or high FeNO levels at baseline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 4","pages":"Pages 633-638"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastroesophageal reflux disease is not associated with disease severity in patients with Mycobacterium avium complex lung infection","authors":"Mayank N. Nihalani ,&nbsp;Manar Al Jawish ,&nbsp;Wendelyn Bosch ,&nbsp;Margaret M. Johnson ,&nbsp;Maoyin Pang ,&nbsp;Ken Devault ,&nbsp;Lesley A. Houghton ,&nbsp;Andree H. Koop","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Mycobacterium avium</em> complex (MAC) pulmonary infection was previously associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), although the effects of GERD on MAC outcomes remains unclear. The goal of this study was to assess the prevalence of GERD in patients with MAC pulmonary infection and its association with clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a retrospective study of adult patients with confirmed MAC pulmonary infection who underwent ambulatory pH monitoring. Pathologic acid reflux was defined as a total distal acid exposure time ≥6 %. Adjunctive esophageal tests including esophagogastroduodenoscopy, barium esophagram, and high-resolution manometry were assessed. The primary outcomes were pulmonary function testing and treatment of MAC pulmonary infection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 132 included patients, 35 (26.5 %) had an acid exposure time ≥6 %. There were no differences between patients with and without pathologic acid reflux by AET and pulmonary function tests including FEV1 absolute (1.79 vs. 1.83 L, p = 0.68), FEV1 % predicted (78.6 vs. 78.0 %, p = 0.94), FEV1/FVC % predicted (71.1 vs. 68.0 %, p = 0.38), or DLCO % predicted (66.0 vs. 79.0 %, p = 0.097). Additionally, there were no differences in MAC pulmonary infection outcomes including antimicrobial treatment, duration, or lobectomy. Findings on adjunctive esophageal testing did not associate with outcomes by pulmonary function tests or treatment of MAC pulmonary infection.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prevalence of GERD in patients with MAC pulmonary infection based on ambulatory pH monitoring was 26.5 %. MAC pulmonary infection with GERD was not associated with worse outcomes and further study is needed to assess the impacts of GERD on MAC pulmonary infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 4","pages":"Pages 623-628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-COVID-19 condition in patients receiving invasive positive pressure ventilation or high flow nasal cannula therapy","authors":"Soko Numata ,&nbsp;Yu Nakatani ,&nbsp;Kazufumi Takamatsu ,&nbsp;Akihito Yokoyama","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Invasive positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) are often employed for severe COVID-19 patients. Such advanced respiratory support might influence the post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). Here, we investigated the potential association between advanced respiratory support and PCC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study is ancillary to the separately reported multicenter observational study that included moderate to severe COVID-19 patients who required hospitalization between September 2020 and September 2021 in Japan. PCC symptoms, chest CT images, and lung function tests were evaluated 3 months after discharge. Frequency of PCC was compared between patients with and without advanced respiratory support using propensity score matching including severity on admission.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 714 participants, 100 received advanced respiratory support (IPPV: 56, HFNC: 44). Patients who received advanced respiratory support significantly more frequently had PCC symptoms, CT abnormalities, and lung dysfunction. However, comparison of propensity score-matched controls indicated no significant differences in the frequency of symptoms, although CT and lung function abnormalities remained significantly higher. Furthermore, these differences were only observed in elderly patients. There were no differences in the frequency of PCC between patients with IPPV versus HFNC therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients treated with IPPV or HFNC showed more PCC symptoms that were largely related to the initial disease severity. CT and pulmonary function abnormalities were also more frequent in such patients, especially the elderly, although this showed no correlation with disease severity. These findings underscore the correlation between age and PCC in COVID-19 patients who received advanced respiratory support.</div><div>This study was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) under the identifier UMIN000041168.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 4","pages":"Pages 617-622"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}