Respiratory investigation最新文献

{"title":"Characteristics of the 11th wave by SARS-CoV-2 KP.3 subvariant: Re-increase in pneumonia severity","authors":"Naoyuki Miyashita ,&nbsp;Yasushi Nakamori ,&nbsp;Makoto Ogata ,&nbsp;Naoki Fukuda ,&nbsp;Akihisa Yamura ,&nbsp;Tomoki Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We investigated the incidence and risk factors for requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in pneumonia patients with Omicron subvariants between the 9th and 11th waves.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 536 patients with pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants (175 cases were XBB lineage, 169 cases were JN.1, and 192 cases were KP.3 subvariants).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Rates of ICU admission or requirement for IMV were significantly higher in patients with the KP.3 subvariant group than those with the XBB lineage and JN.1 subvariant groups. Patient age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), immunodeficiency (OR: 2.82), 2 or more co-morbid illnesses (OR: 2.54), and more than 2 years since last vaccination (OR: 1.29) were significantly associated with increased severity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Physicians should recommend SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and positive use anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs when COVID-19 is found in patients who are ≥65 years old or who have multiple comorbidities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 3","pages":"Pages 401-404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: “Factors associated with readmission for community-onset pneumonia among older people: A retrospective study”","authors":"Fnu Mubashirah","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 3","pages":"Page 422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical Guidelines for Asthma Management (PGAM): Digest edition","authors":"Jun Tamaoki ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Nagase ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Sano ,&nbsp;Takeshi Kaneko ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Gon ,&nbsp;Nobuaki Miyahara ,&nbsp;Hironori Sagara ,&nbsp;Akihiko Tanaka ,&nbsp;Takahiko Horiguchi ,&nbsp;Etsuko Tagaya ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Akaba ,&nbsp;Yuji Tohda ,&nbsp;the PGAM committee in the Japan Asthma Society","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The international and national guidelines for asthma management are typically comprehensive and designed for respiratory specialists, making them less practical for primary care physicians who handle most asthma cases. Recognizing the need for more accessible guidelines, the Japan Asthma Society developed the Practical Guidelines for Asthma Management (PGAM). PGAM aims to provide a concise summary of key asthma management principles, increasing awareness, education, and support among nonspecialists and patients alike. It includes user-friendly tables and lists outlining common symptoms, triggers, diagnostic criteria, and basic management strategies, along with frequently encountered treatable traits and comorbidities. These elements are presented through simple, clinically relevant algorithms. A notable feature of PGAM is the “Basic Roadmap for Asthma Management,” which outlines a clear sequence for patient assessment, diagnosis, and treatment from initial consultation onward, offering an easy-to-follow visual guide. Additionally, the guidelines include methods for assessing airway inflammation, enabling patient phenotyping and endotyping. This supports a personalized treatment approach, particularly with biologics, aimed at achieving clinical remission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 3","pages":"Pages 405-421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of oligometastasis in older patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer","authors":"Daisuke Morinaga ,&nbsp;Kana Hashimoto ,&nbsp;Hajime Asahina ,&nbsp;Hisashi Tanaka ,&nbsp;Osamu Honjo ,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Harada ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Yokouchi ,&nbsp;Hajime Kikuchi ,&nbsp;Ryota Shigaki ,&nbsp;Taichi Takashina ,&nbsp;Keiichi Nakamura ,&nbsp;Yasutaka Kawai ,&nbsp;Mamoru Takahashi ,&nbsp;Ryotaro Kida ,&nbsp;Noriaki Sukoh ,&nbsp;Kenichiro Ito ,&nbsp;Ayumu Takahashi ,&nbsp;Hirofumi Hommura ,&nbsp;Yoshihito Ohhara ,&nbsp;Megumi Furuta ,&nbsp;Satoshi Oizumi","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Immune checkpoint inhibitor plus chemotherapy (ICT) is the standard treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). We previously reported that oligometastasis (OM) is a predictor of ICT efficacy, however, the relationship between ICT efficacy and OM in older patients remains unknown. Therefore, this study examined the efficacy of ICT in the older patients including the influence of OM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled patients with ES-SCLC who received ICT as first-line treatment between September 2019 and June 2022. Patient characteristics and treatment efficacy were compared between older (≥75 years) and non-older (&lt;75 years) patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We enrolled 228 patients, including 42 older patients. The prevalence of synchronous oligometastasis (SOM) at the start of first-line treatment was 21.0 % and 21.4 % (p = 1.0) in the older and non-older groups, respectively. The progression-free survival (PFS) with first-line therapy was 5.4 and 4.5 months (p = 0.55) and overall survival (OS) was 11.5 and 12.6 months (p = 0.74) for the SOM and non-SOM subgroups in the older group, respectively. For second-line treatment, PFS was 4.5 and 6.3 months (p = 0.79), and OS after second-line initiation was 16.0 and 13.2 months (p = 0.55) in oligoprogression (OP) and non-OP patients in the older group, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The frequencies of SOM and OP were not significantly different between older and non-older patients. Although the small number of older patients in this study makes it impossible to conclude definitively, we did not observe a significant prognostic prolongation in older patients with OM as in non-older patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 3","pages":"Pages 373-382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum galectin-3 as a biomarker of progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treated with nintedanib","authors":"Yasuhiko Koga ,&nbsp;Mitsuru Motegi ,&nbsp;Akihiro Ono ,&nbsp;Yoshimasa Hachisu ,&nbsp;Mitsuyoshi Utsugi ,&nbsp;Noriaki Sunaga ,&nbsp;Atsushi Takise ,&nbsp;Mari Sato ,&nbsp;Tomohito Kuwako ,&nbsp;Takashi Osaki ,&nbsp;Manabu Ueno ,&nbsp;Seishi Yoshimi ,&nbsp;Koichi Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Takeshi Hisada ,&nbsp;Kyoichi Kaira","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Both serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels of galectin-3 (Gal-3) are elevated in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Phase II study on inhaler with Gal-3 inhibitor for IPF has been ongoing. In this study, 30 treatment-naive patients of IPF were prospectively enrolled and their sera were stored before and after nintedanib treatment. Though Gal-3 levels tended to increase after nintedanib treatment, in some patients, Gal-3 levels decreased immediately after the treatment. Patients whose serum Gal-3 levels decreased 1 month after nintedanib treatment tended to experience a smaller annual decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) than patients with increased Gal-3 levels. Furthermore, the rate of change in Gal-3 levels 1 month after nintedanib treatment positively correlated with the rate of annual FVC decline, whereas that of other fibrotic markers did not correlate with the rate of annual FVC decline.</div><div>This study suggested that a decline in serum Gal-3 levels immediately after nintedanib treatment may predict less progression of IPF treated with nintedanib.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 3","pages":"Pages 394-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Up-to-date nucleic acid assays for diagnosing respiratory infection","authors":"Kazuhiro Yatera ,&nbsp;Chinatsu Nishida ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Mukae","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nucleic acid assays have been widely used as rapid tests for diagnosing respiratory infections during and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. An ideal point-of-care diagnostic must be affordable, sensitive, specific, user-friendly, rapid/robust, equipment-free and deliverable (ASSURED), and in addition to improvements to conventional methods based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), point-of-care testing aiming for “REASSURED” are emerging through integration with microfluidic technology. Compared to conventional immunoassays, nucleic acid assays, especially rapid nucleic acid assays as point-of-care testing, contribute to improvements in various clinical outcomes, such as diagnostic yield, turnaround time, length of hospital stay, disease treatment, and infection control management. Rapid and diverse development of new nucleic acid-based molecular diagnostic technologies, such as those based on the CRISPR/Cas system or biosensor nucleic acid assays, is expected to become increasingly diverse in the future as point-of-care testing. In addition, laboratory-based DNA sequencing technology has been used to perform microbiome analyses over a wide area and is expected to shed light on the pathological mechanisms of various respiratory infectious diseases. One example of the benefits of nucleic acid amplification analysis methods is their ability to reveal the true nature of the bacterial flora in pneumonia lesions. This has been demonstrated based on the results of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing analyses using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid directly obtained from pneumonia lesions in patients with pneumonia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 3","pages":"Pages 383-393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to “Endoscopic reflux esophagitis and decline in pulmonary function in nonsmokers: A retrospective cohort study”","authors":"Takayoshi Enokido ,&nbsp;Yoshihisa Hiraishi ,&nbsp;Taisuke Jo ,&nbsp;Hirokazu Urushiyama ,&nbsp;Akira Saito ,&nbsp;Satoshi Noguchi ,&nbsp;Keisuke Hosoki ,&nbsp;Takashi Ishii ,&nbsp;Naoya Miyashita ,&nbsp;Kensuke Fukuda ,&nbsp;Rei Matsuki ,&nbsp;Chihiro Minatsuki ,&nbsp;Takeshi Shimamoto ,&nbsp;Hidenori Kage ,&nbsp;Nobutake Yamamichi ,&nbsp;Hirotaka Matsuzaki","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 3","pages":"Pages 399-400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic prediction for newly diagnosed patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia: JIPS Registry (NEJ030)","authors":"Ryo Okuda ,&nbsp;Takashi Ogura ,&nbsp;Shu Hisata ,&nbsp;Tomohisa Baba ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Kondoh ,&nbsp;Takafumi Suda ,&nbsp;Takeshi Johkoh ,&nbsp;Tae Iwasawa ,&nbsp;Hiromi Tomioka ,&nbsp;Masashi Bando ,&nbsp;Arata Azuma ,&nbsp;Yoshikazu Inoue ,&nbsp;Nobuhisa Ishikawa ,&nbsp;Naoki Arai ,&nbsp;Takahisa Takihara ,&nbsp;Megumi Hamaguchi ,&nbsp;Toru Arai ,&nbsp;Yutaro Nakamura ,&nbsp;Atsushi Miyamoto ,&nbsp;Keisuke Tomii ,&nbsp;Koshi Yokomura","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prognostic factors in patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) have rarely been analyzed using prospective data. This study investigated prognostic factors in patients with IIP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Central interstitial lung disease (ILD) experts established the diagnoses for fibrotic ILD. Prognostic factors using baseline data, including the pathological confidence level of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) assessed on a 0%–100% linear analog scale by high-resolution CT (HRCT), pulmonary function tests, and patient-reported outcomes were investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 866 eligible patients were registered. Patients with unclassifiable idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (n = 272) survived longer than those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n = 469) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.67; [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47–0.95]; P = 0.022); however, IPF as IIPs classification was not a significant prognostic factor at diagnosis (P = 0.577). UIP pattern on HRCT, age, body mass index, forced vital capacity, diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide, and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire were risk factors for survival (P &lt; 0.05). Patients with proposed progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) had poorer prognoses than those without proposed PPF (HR = 5.63; [95% CI: 3.17–10.00]; P &lt; 0.001). Patients with progressive fibrosing ILD (PF-ILD) had poorer prognoses than those without PF-ILD (HR = 7.85; [95% CI: 3.38–18.3]; P &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A prospective registry of patients with newly diagnosed IIP provided evidence that the UIP pattern on HRCT by analog scale was a prognostic predictor. Proposed PPF and PF-ILD were valuable for discriminating prognosis. (JIPS Registry, <span><span>ClinTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, NCT03041623).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 3","pages":"Pages 365-372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical interpretation of DLCO and KCO: From rationale to clinical and research applications","authors":"Masafumi Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Kaoruko Shimizu","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-breath methods for measuring the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DL_CO), Krogh's constant for CO (K_CO), and alveolar volume (V_A) play clinically vital roles in assessing lung diffusion. While the methodology is valid for the kinetics of normal lungs, appropriate interpretations are necessary for lung diseases involving emphysema and/or ventilation heterogeneity. Severe airflow limitations and ventilation heterogeneities lead to the underestimation of lung volume, calculated as V_A, relative to the total lung capacity assessed using the helium closed-circuit method. Notably, the relative increase in K_CO (DL_CO/V_A) compared to DL_CO—resulting from increased blood flow per alveolar–capillary unit in small lungs with fibrosis—is a distinct feature of interstitial lung disease. Therefore, the combined assessment of DL_CO and K_CO may help elucidate the pathophysiology of emphysema and/or pulmonary fibrosis. This review aims to explain Krogh's equation, the difference between DL_CO and D’L_CO, the kinetics, and the clinical application of DL_CO (or D’L_CO) and K_CO. Pulmonary function varies among ethnicities and races; thus, reference equations derived while considering anthropological traits are necessary. Additionally, the link between physiological theory, radiological findings, and the clinical relevance of DL_CO and K_CO is discussed, mostly based on Japanese studies. In this review, DL_CO obtained from the single-breath method is referred to as ”D’L_CO”; however, for convenience, it is described as “DL_CO,” with the term “D’L_CO” used only where necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 3","pages":"Pages 358-364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting energy expenditure and associated factors are similar in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and interstitial lung disease","authors":"Keisuke Morikawa ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Takemura ,&nbsp;Kana Kitayama ,&nbsp;Shogo Inaba ,&nbsp;Haruka Imaoka ,&nbsp;Yu Hashitsume ,&nbsp;Yuta Suzuki ,&nbsp;Osamu Hataji ,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Tabira","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Few studies have measured the resting energy expenditure (REE) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Whether REE characteristics in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and ILD are similar remains unknown. We aimed to investigate whether REE and its associated factors were similar in patients with COPD and ILD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 223 patients (COPD, 102; ILD, 121) who were admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of COPD or ILD and for whom indirect calorimetry was performed. The measured REE (mREE) was calculated using Weir's formula after indirect calorimetry. Patients with COPD and ILD were classified into two groups by propensity score matching. Multiple regression analysis was used to compare REE between the two groups and examine REE and its associated factors in each group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Body composition and other characteristics differed significantly between the two groups before propensity score matching. Forty-seven patients each were classified into the COPD and ILD groups after propensity score matching. Body mass index was 21.3 ± 3.8 kg/m² and 21.2 ± 3.2 kg/m² in the COPD and ILD groups, respectively (p = 0.877). The mREE was 1308 ± 204 kcal and 1329 ± 245 kcal in the COPD and ILD groups (p = 0.661). Multiple regression analysis showed that REE was associated with age and FFM in the COPD group and with FFM in the ILD group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>FFM plays an important role in determining REE in both diseases, suggesting that REE in patients with COPD and ILD are similar.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"63 3","pages":"Pages 342-345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}