Regenerative Biomaterials最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Sulfated GAG mimetic peptide nanofibers enhance chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in 3D <i>in vitro</i> models.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/rb/rbaf045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rb/rbaf045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac084.].</p>","PeriodicalId":20929,"journal":{"name":"Regenerative Biomaterials","volume":"12 ","pages":"rbaf045"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tartaric acid-branched polyethyleneimine carbon dots promote repair of bone defect via osteogenic differentiation.","authors":"Soon Chul Heo, Hae Won Shin, Dong Joon Lee, Franklin Garcia-Godoy, Bo Ram Keum, Yong Hoon Kwon, Hyung Joon Kim","doi":"10.1093/rb/rbaf030","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rb/rbaf030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Treating bone defects is a critical challenge in regenerative medicine. Carbon nanomaterials, with their unique physicochemical properties, offer significant potential for enhancing bone regeneration. In this study, we developed tartaric acid (TA)-based carbon dots (CDs) by synthesizing TA with branched polyethyleneimine (bPEI). These TA-bPEI CDs were systematically evaluated to determine their effects on osteogenic differentiation in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and their capacity to repair calvarial defects in an <i>in vivo</i> model. Characterization of TA-bPEI CDs revealed a size of approximately 10 nm and a positive surface charge. The CDs exhibited fluorescence emission peaks between 464 and 506 nm under excitation wavelengths of 340-440 nm. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that TA-bPEI CDs maintained BMSC viability at concentrations up to 250 μg/ml. However, at concentrations of 500 μg/ml and above, apoptosis was induced. Treatment with TA-bPEI significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation <i>in vitro</i>, as evidenced by increased expression of osteogenic-specific proteins such as Runx2, ALP, OCN and OPN. <i>In vivo</i>, the application of TA-bPEI CDs in a mouse calvarial defect model promoted robust new bone formation, reduced defect gaps, and improved bone morphometric parameters, including bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness. These results suggest that TA-bPEI CDs enhance osteogenesis by directly stimulating osteogenic differentiation and upregulating osteogenesis-specific genes. This study demonstrates the high potential of TA-bPEI CDs as a novel nanomaterial for bone regeneration applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20929,"journal":{"name":"Regenerative Biomaterials","volume":"12 ","pages":"rbaf030"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D printed Gel/PTH@PAHA scaffolds with both enhanced osteogenesis and mechanical properties for repair of large bone defects.","authors":"Zhimou Zeng, Ping Song, Xingyu Gui, Bicheng Ake, Taoyu Liu, Hao Liu, Linnan Wang, Lei Wang, Yueming Song, Bo Qu, Changchun Zhou","doi":"10.1093/rb/rbaf029","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rb/rbaf029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The repair of large bone defects continues to pose a significant challenge in clinical orthopedics. Successful repairs require not only adequate mechanical strength but also exceptional osteogenic activity for successful clinical translation. Composite materials based on polyamide 66 (PA66) and hydroxyapatite have been widely used in various clinical settings. However, existing PA66/hydroxyapatite composites often lack sufficient osteogenic stimulation despite their favorable mechanical properties, which limit their overall clinical efficacy. In this study, we fabricated a polyamide 66/nano-hydroxyapatite (PAHA) scaffold using an extruder and fused deposition modeling-based 3D printing technology. Subsequently, gelatin methacrylamide (GelMA) containing teriparatide (PTH) was incorporated into the PAHA scaffold to construct the Gel/PTH@PAHA scaffold. Material characterization results indicated that the compressive modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the Gel/PTH@PAHA scaffold were 172.47 ± 5.48 MPa and 25.55 ± 2.19 MPa, respectively. <i>In vitro</i> evaluations demonstrated that the Gel/PTH@PAHA scaffold significantly enhanced osteoblast adhesion and proliferation while promoting osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. <i>In vivo</i> studies further revealed that this scaffold notably promoted new bone regeneration in rabbit femoral defects. These findings suggest that the 3D-printed Gel/PTH@PAHA scaffold exhibits excellent mechanical properties alongside remarkable osteogenic activity, thereby meeting the dual requirements for load-bearing applications and bone regeneration. This innovative approach may be a promising candidate for customized orthopedic implants with substantial potential for clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":20929,"journal":{"name":"Regenerative Biomaterials","volume":"12 ","pages":"rbaf029"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing electrospinning towards the future of biomaterials in biomedical engineering.","authors":"Yanjiao Teng, Lin Song, Jie Shi, Qi Lv, Shike Hou, Seeram Ramakrishna","doi":"10.1093/rb/rbaf034","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rb/rbaf034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biomaterial is a material designed to take a form that can direct, through interactions with living systems, the course of any therapeutic or diagnostic procedure. Growing demand for improved and affordable healthcare treatments and unmet clinical needs seek further advancement of biomaterials. Over the past 25 years, the electrospinning method has been innovated to enhance biomaterials at nanometer and micrometer length scales for diverse healthcare applications. Recent developments include intelligent (smart) biomaterials and sustainable biomaterials. Intelligent materials can sense, adapt to and respond to external stimuli, autonomously adjusting to enhance functionality and performance. Sustainable biomaterials possess several key characteristics, including renewability, a low carbon footprint, circularity, durability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and others. Herein, advances in electrospun biomaterials, encompassing process innovations, working principles and the effects of process variables, are presented succinctly. The potential of electrospun intelligent biomaterials and sustainable biomaterials in specific biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, drug delivery systems, brain-computer interfaces, biosensors, personal protective equipment and wearable devices, is explored. More effective healthcare demands further advancements in electrospun biomaterials. In the future, the distinctive characteristics of intelligent biomaterials and sustainable biomaterials, integrated with various emerging technologies (such as AI and data transmission), will enable physicians to conduct remote diagnosis and treatment. This advancement significantly enhances telemedicine capabilities for more accurate disease prediction and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20929,"journal":{"name":"Regenerative Biomaterials","volume":"12 ","pages":"rbaf034"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into retinal pigment epithelium cells during culture on peptide-grafted hydrogels.","authors":"Jun Liu, Qian Liu, Minmei Guo, Chengyu Jiang, Jianyang Chen, Ting Wang, Tzu-Cheng Sung, Shih-Jie Chou, Shih-Hwa Chiou, Guoping Fan, Akon Higuchi","doi":"10.1093/rb/rbaf035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rb/rbaf035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A variety of novel peptide-grafted hydrogels, of which peptides were derived from vitronectin (PQVTRGDVFTMP) or the laminin β4 chain (PMQKMRGDVFSP), were prepared in this study. The peptide-grafted hydrogels promoted the adhesion, proliferation and colony formation of hiPSCs and maintained their pluripotency up to passage 5 under xeno-free conditions. We successfully generated RPE cells from hiPSCs using one of the most suitable xeno-free peptide-grafted hydrogels, KVN2CK (KGCGGKGG-PQVTRGDVFTMP), which was derived from vitronectin, and confirmed the effect of these hiPSC-derived RPE cells in a rat retinal degeneration model (Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats) via subretinal transplantation, when we investigated functional improvements in vision in RCS rats after the transplantation of hiPSC-derived RPE cells. Our novel peptide-grafted hydrogels provided a safe and robust platform for generating single-layer hiPSC-derived RPE cells under xeno-free conditions, which indicates the potential of these hydrogels for stem cell therapy for retinal degenerative diseases in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":20929,"journal":{"name":"Regenerative Biomaterials","volume":"12 ","pages":"rbaf035"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnesium as an emerging bioactive material for orthopedic applications: bedside needs lead the way from innovation to clinical translation.","authors":"Ningze Zhang, Qida Zhang, Hongwei Shao, Zhengming Shan, Jiankun Xu, Wenxue Tong, Ronald Man Yeung Wong, Ling Qin","doi":"10.1093/rb/rbaf032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rb/rbaf032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rapid increase in population aging, the number of surgical operations in orthopedics is expected to increase. The gap between the materials applied in clinical orthopedics and materials in discovery and research is obvious due to regulatory requirements for biosafety and treatment efficacy. For the bedside needs, it is important to overcome hurdles by achieving impactful innovation and clinical translation of orthopedic materials. Magnesium (Mg), as an emerging bioactive material, is one of the vital components of the human body and mainly stored in the musculoskeletal system as either a matrix component or an intracellular element for the homeostasis of various physiological functions. However, the degradation and biomechanical performance limit the applications of Mg. This review aims to explore the current challenges and future directions of Mg for clinical translation and provide an update on biomaterials used in orthopedics, factors driving orthopedic innovation, physiology of magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) and its potential clinical applications. To achieve orthopedic application, modification of the performance of Mg as implantable metals and function of the degradation products of Mg <i>in vivo</i> are described. For the clinical needs of treating the steroid-associated osteonecrosis (SAON), Mg screws and Mg-based composite porous scaffolds (Mg/PLGA/TCP: magnesium/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/tricalcium phosphate (TCP)) have been developed, but the challenges of Mg-based implants in load-bearing skeletal sites still exist. To utilize the beneficial biological effects of Mg degradation and overcome the weakness in mechanical stability for fracture fixation, the concept of developing Mg/titanium (Ti) hybrid orthopedic implants is reported, where the Ti component provides effective mechanical support while the inclusion of Mg component potentially optimizes the biomechanical properties of Ti component and facilitate bone healing. This review provides a reference frame for the translation of novel materials and promotes the development of innovative orthopedic biomaterials for clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20929,"journal":{"name":"Regenerative Biomaterials","volume":"12 ","pages":"rbaf032"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on osteoclast regulation by biodegradable magnesium and its mechanism.","authors":"Wangwei Zhu, Weidan Wang, Xing Yang, Chunxiao Ran, Tianwei Zhang, Shibo Huang, Jiahui Yang, Fuyang Wang, Huiya Wang, Peng Wan, Fengyuan Piao, Faqiang Lu, Shengbo Shi, Ye Li, Xiuzhi Zhang, Dewei Zhao","doi":"10.1093/rb/rbaf026","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rb/rbaf026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Continuous advancements in medical technology and biomaterials have underscored the significant advantages of biodegradable implant materials for bone repair and remodelling over traditional inert metallic implants. Notably, biodegradable magnesium-based materials have gained much attention because of their optimal corrosion rates. Importantly, extensive clinical experience has resulted in the use of biodegradable magnesium-based orthopaedic implants. Both preclinical and clinical studies have consistently demonstrated that Mg has an excellent ability to promote bone tissue formation, a process that is closely associated with the release of Mg²⁺ and other degradation byproducts. Bone metabolism depends on a dynamic balance of bone formation and bone resorption. Mg²⁺ has been shown to increase osteoblast (OB) activity while suppressing osteoclast (OC) formation, thus playing a crucial role in bone remodelling and regeneration. In terms of osteolysis inhibition, Mg²⁺ plays a multifaceted role. First, Mg²⁺ inhibits OC formation by modulating the activity of mature OCs, their migratory behaviour and the activity of precursor cells. Second, Mg²⁺ influences OC production by regulating the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). Additionally, Mg²⁺ impacts bone resorption by altering the immune microenvironment and the levels of hormones and peptides within the body. Furthermore, the alkaline environment generated around the biodegradable magnesium implant and its degradation products (e.g. H₂) also significantly inhibit OC formation. Recent research on magnesium-based implants has focused predominantly on their osteogenic properties, with few systematic reviews addressing the mechanisms through which biodegradable magnesium alloys suppress osteoclastic activity. This article summarizes the latest clinical research progress concerning biodegradable magnesium implant materials and their significant regulatory effects and discusses recent advances in the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of action Mg-based biomaterials on OCs, with the aim of providing a more theoretical basis for the clinical application of biodegradable magnesium-based implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20929,"journal":{"name":"Regenerative Biomaterials","volume":"12 ","pages":"rbaf026"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12092085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-inspired lotus-fiber and mussel-based multifunctional hydrogels for wound healing: super-stretchability, self-healing, adhesion and antibacterial properties.","authors":"Xiaoling Yang, Chenchen Li, Bo Li, Yuanyuan Zhang, Jinping Li, Na Liu, Xin Nie, Dawei Zhang, Ming Zhou, Xiaoling Liao","doi":"10.1093/rb/rbaf031","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rb/rbaf031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrogel-based wound dressings, which facilitate rapid wound closure and healing, are essential for effective wound management. However, the development of an ideal hydrogel that possesses excellent mechanical properties, effective self-healing capabilities, tissue adherence and antimicrobial characteristics for wound dressing presents a significant challenge in clinical settings. Inspired by lotus-fiber and mussel, we synthesized a novel multifunctional hydrogel composed of bacterial cellulose-reinforced dopamine-grafted oxidized hyaluronic acid/polyacrylamide (OHA-DA/PAM/BC). This was achieved through a one-pot reaction that employed free radical polymerization of acrylamide, dynamic Schiff bonding and intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Compared with the pure PAM hydrogels, which exhibited an elongation at break of 4022% and a maximum tensile strength of 26.42 kPa, the OHA-DA/PAM hydrogel demonstrated significantly enhanced stretchability at 9949% and an increased tensile strength of 34.73 kPa when 0.3% OHA-DA was incorporated during hydrogel formulation. Notably, the addition of 0.8% BC significantly enhanced the tensile strength to 57.04 kPa and super-stretchability to 10679%. The OHA-DA/PAM/BC hydrogel also exhibited remarkable self-healing capabilities, achieving a mechanical recovery of 84.74% within 12 h. Additionally, its adhesive and injectable properties are advantageous for dynamic wound repair. Furthermore, the OHA-DA/PAM/BC hydrogel exhibited minimal hemolytic activity and potent intrinsic antibacterial properties against both <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. In a mouse model of wound healing, this hydrogel reduced the healing duration to 14 days while enhancing the regeneration of both skin structure and function. Histological analyses further revealed that the hydrogel significantly promoted the development of well-organized granulation tissue, angiogenic tissue and collagen accumulation in the wound region. This study successfully developed an OHA-DA/PAM/BC multifunctional hydrogel characterized by exceptional stretchability, self-healing, adhesiveness, injectability and antibacterial activity, demonstrating a significant impact on wound healing <i>in vivo</i>. These findings indicated that the OHA-DA/PAM/BC hydrogel holds substantial potential as wound dressings for future clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20929,"journal":{"name":"Regenerative Biomaterials","volume":"12 ","pages":"rbaf031"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural product-based nano-antioxidant for the treatment of acute pancreatitis.","authors":"Xiaoluan Lu, Ze Gao, Yanling Yu, Lang Zhang, Jing Huang, Xiaoming Zhang, Pei Jing, Shiyong Zhang, Mei Zeng","doi":"10.1093/rb/rbaf012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rb/rbaf012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a potentially highly fatal inflammatory disease characterized by the generation of high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of mass recruited inflammatory macrophages in pancreatic tissue. Many natural product antioxidants have been explored to treat AP due to their superiority in biosafety while the therapeutic application is restricted by their low ROS elimination as well as the rapid metabolism caused by small molecular weight and fast absorption. Herein, a new natural product-based nano-antioxidant (FA@zein-CS) that can overcome these problems was developed for the treatment of AP by encapsulating ferulic acid (FA) into the zein based nanoparticles and then hybridizing of chondroitin sulfate (CS). The FA@zein-CS would not only efficiently target to the inflamed pancreatic tissue by the specific binding of CS to CD44, but also effectively initiate the release of FA and zein degradation product in response to intracellular pH/GSH/ROS to achieve synergistic antioxidant effect. In addition, thanks to the fact that all components were derived from natural products, the FA@zein-CS held the excellent biocompatibility. <i>In vivo</i> results disclosed that the FA@zein-CS significantly reduced pancreatic structural damage and restored the pancreatic function with serum amylase and lipase reduced by 61.8% and 82.8%, respectively. This natural product-based nano-antioxidant holds great clinic potential for AP.</p>","PeriodicalId":20929,"journal":{"name":"Regenerative Biomaterials","volume":"12 ","pages":"rbaf012"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vivo</i> dynamic visualization and evaluation of collagen degradation utilizing NIR-II fluorescence imaging in mice models.","authors":"Shunyao Li, Kai Xu, Huaixuan Sheng, Huizhu Li, Xiao Zhang, Chengxuan Yu, Haichen Hu, Xiner Du, Yunxia Li, Yu Dong, Jun Chen, Sijia Feng","doi":"10.1093/rb/rbaf025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rb/rbaf025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collagen-based biomaterials are gaining prominence in tissue engineering, attributed to their remarkable biocompatibility, inherent biodegradability, and unparalleled capacity to facilitate tissue repair and regeneration. However, the ability to dynamically visualize and quantitatively assess collagen degradation <i>in vivo</i> remains a critical challenge, hindering the development of optimized biomaterials for clinical applications. To address this, a novel approach was developed to monitor the injury microenvironment by conjugating second near-infrared quantum dots with solid collagen. This live imaging system offered high-resolution, real-time tracking of collagen degradation both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, enabling a deeper understanding of the degradation behavior under various conditions. This system was applied to mouse models with different cartilage defects, including critical-sized defect (CSD), minor defect (Minor) and sham surgery (Sham) groups for a 28-day <i>in vivo</i> monitoring. Among them, the CSD group exhibited the fastest and most stable collagen degradation, indicating that the degradation rate was closely linked to the severity of the injury. Transcriptomic analysis further identified key signaling pathways that might drive rapid collagen degradation by promoting collagenase activity and tissue remodeling in cartilage defect conditions. In summary, our study provided valuable insights into the mechanisms of collagen degradation under different injury conditions, contributing to innovative strategies for designing collagen-related biomaterials in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":20929,"journal":{"name":"Regenerative Biomaterials","volume":"12 ","pages":"rbaf025"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}