Quaternary Science Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Luminescence dating reveals late Quaternary evolution of the Pearl River Delta estuary (China) in response to global climate and sea-level changes","authors":"Lei Gao , Hao Long , Jingran Zhang , Xiaoling Huang , Zhigang Zhang , Aimin Zhang , Leilei Yuan , Xiaohua Zhou , Ren Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic interaction at the interface between the alluvial river networks of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) plain and the northern continental shelf of the South China Sea has spurred the development of world-class port clusters, advanced manufacturing belts, and innovation-led urban agglomerations. Investigating the sedimentary evolution of large river deltas holds crucial significance for deciphering regional geological processes, paleoenvironmental changes, sea-level fluctuations, and human-natural interactions, offering insights into coastal system resilience and sustainable management in the context of global climate change. However, the chronological framework of the late Quaternary depositional stratigraphy in this region and the formation timing of the initial marine transgression events have not yet been conclusively established. Here, we reconstruct the late Quaternary sedimentary history of the present PRD estuary based on sedimentological investigations and multi-method dating of a 53-m-long drill core (CP-QZ04). Sedimentological analyses encompass lithological features, photographic documentation, and grain size variations of core sediments. The chronology of this study borehole was established by combining quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, polymineral grains (4–11 μm) and single-grain/multi-grain K-feldspar post-infrared infrared (pIRIR<sub>225</sub>) dating, and radiocarbon (<sup>14</sup>C) ages. Collectively, we established the first reliable chronology covering approximately 311 ka for the PRD stratigraphy in its present estuary region, which has never been reported in previous studies. Stratigraphic analysis indicates that the Late Quaternary depositional sequence within the present PRD estuary records distinct paleoenvironmental stages. Pre-Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 9 deposition was dominated by alluvial conglomerates that underwent intense weathering. This was succeeded by a fluvial-dominated terrestrial depositional regime that persisted from MIS 9 to MIS 7 (ca. 311–196 ka). During the MIS 6/5 transition (196–132 ka), the sedimentary facies shifted to coastal plain deposits, reflecting alternation of marine regression and transgression associated with sea-level fluctuations. The Holocene sequence (<11.7 ka) exhibits a characteristic vertical succession from intertidal mudflat to prodelta facies, indicating progressive marine inundation. Notably, this study identifies two major depositional hiatuses within the sequence: the first corresponding to MIS 5 (130–71 ka) and the second spanning MIS 4 to MIS 2, extending into early Holocene (71–9 ka). These stratigraphic discontinuities, marked by abrupt lithological contacts and paleosol development, likely reflect eustatic sea-level fluctuations, subaerial exposure, surface erosion and/or depocenter migration. In contrast, those terrestrial-marine interactions in this core are primarily governed by glacial-interglacial cycles, characterized by enha","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 109609"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fallow deer bone beds in Tabun Cave Layer B: Insights from renewed fieldwork","authors":"Meir Orbach ,&nbsp;Ron Shimelmitz ,&nbsp;Mina Weinstein-Evron ,&nbsp;Israel Hershkovitz ,&nbsp;Reuven Yeshurun","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tabun Cave Layer B in Mount Carmel, Israel, at the base of a deep vertical shaft, has been recognized since the 1930s for its abundance of fallow deer remains. Three explanations have been proposed for their origin: human habitation refuse, the use of the cave as a hunting trap, and the cave acting as a natural pitfall trap. Results of our zooarchaeological and taphonomic analyses of the faunal materials from the renewed excavations in the inner chamber of Tabun Cave Layer B indicate a fallow-deer-dominated assemblage with low pre-burial breakage and significant mechanical post depositional breakage. The assemblage reflects the characteristics of a natural fallow deer herd structure. However, Layer B is not homogeneous and it is subdivided into distinct units with varying characteristics. Compared with sub-Layers B1 and B2, sub-Layer B3 contains fewer fallow deer and limb bones, with greater bone breakage, and exhibits higher levels of weathering and carnivore modifications and slightly more anthropogenic modifications. Approximately one-third of the individuals in this sub-layer exhibit unfused bones, consistent with the dental age data, while the others exhibit an equal representation of juveniles and adults. However, even in this case, we lack clear evidence that its agents of accumulation changed. The fauna underwent some carnivore ravaging and displays minimal human processing. While the research of Tabun Layer B is ongoing, current analysis of the faunal remains within the inner chamber of the cave suggests that the bones primarily accumulated through natural animal falls into the cave, followed by scavenging by carnivores, and only rarely by humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 109620"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Spring-Autumn and Warring States period coldness (400–350 BCE) contributed to the social unrest evidenced from coffin tree rings in southeastern China","authors":"Min Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhongcai Xiao ,&nbsp;Xin Jia ,&nbsp;Xuanbo Wang ,&nbsp;Liangsai Zhu ,&nbsp;Feifei Zhou ,&nbsp;Di Zhang ,&nbsp;Zepeng Mei ,&nbsp;Mengling Liu ,&nbsp;Xinyuan Kong ,&nbsp;Keyan Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China's Spring and Autumn and Warring States period (SAWS, 770–221 BCE) marked the transition from feudal fragmentation to centralized imperial rule. The southeastern region of China, a crucial area for early civilization and socio-economic development, has generally yielded tree-ring paleoclimate records with precise dating shorter than 400 years, thereby limiting research on climatic influences during this epoch. Here, we analyzed coffins unearthed from four archaeological sites dating to the SAWS period in northern Jiangsu, southeastern China. We identified the species as <em>Phoebe</em> spp. wood of Lauraceae based on its wood anatomical features. We established four floating chronologies spanning 200–400 years, with radiocarbon dating constraining the temporal ranges to the SAWS period. Our floating chronology represents large-scale temperature variability as indicated by a significantly positive correlation with Northern Hemisphere temperature (NHT) reconstruction. Given the close matches between the floating chronology and NHT, we thus dated the chronology to 492–63 BCE. An anomalous cooling event occurred around 400–350 BCE for the overall warm 492–63 BCE period, coinciding with reduced solar activity. Our study reveals that this cold event may have indirectly triggered frequent large-scale wars and reforms in China's SAWS period. It also coincided with the social unrest in contemporaneous Europe and had widespread impacts. This study provides critical archaeological tree-ring data from a typical monsoon region in China, revealing the significant influence of abrupt climatic events on early society in monsoon regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 109617"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Holocene hydroclimate variability and human–environment interactions in the Cuenca Oriental, Mexico: multiproxy evidence from Lake Alchichica","authors":"Reza Safaierad ,&nbsp;Isabel Israde-Alcántara ,&nbsp;Marttiina Rantala ,&nbsp;Gabriela Domínguez-Vázquez ,&nbsp;Mahyar Mohtadi ,&nbsp;Enno Schefuß ,&nbsp;Wojciech Tylmann ,&nbsp;Pierre Francus ,&nbsp;Nadine Mattielli ,&nbsp;Sarah Metcalfe ,&nbsp;Nathalie Fagel","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Cuenca Oriental, a semi-arid region in east-central Mexico, has long supported complex societies, yet its hydroclimatic variability and human–environment interactions—particularly during the Classic, Postclassic, and Colonial periods—remain poorly understood. Here, we present high-resolution proxy records from Lake Alchichica, a crater lake located 18 km from the ancient city of Cantona (600–1050 CE), to reconstruct environmental conditions in the Cuenca Oriental over the past five millennia. Isotope records reveal three major dry periods: (I) ca. 500–1300 CE, encompassing and extending beyond the Late Classic Drought (770–1100 CE); (II) the 17th century CE, corresponding to a colder phase of the Little Ice Age; and (III) post-1970 CE, coinciding with the peak of ongoing global warming. Anthropogenic indicators—including maize and other anthropogenic pollen, as well as <em>Glomus</em> spores and titanium (Ti) intensity (proxies for soil erosion)—demonstrate sustained human–environment interactions. Maize cultivation began by the mid-first millennium BCE and peaked during the Postclassic period (ca. 1000–1500 CE), followed by a sharp and prolonged decline after the Spanish Conquest, most likely due to demographic collapse driven by the introduction of Old World diseases. Agricultural activity never returned to Postclassic maxima, marking a lasting transformation in land use and food production. Notably, the entire urban lifespan of Cantona was encompassed by the extended drought period (500–1300 CE), and its collapse occurred under climatic conditions comparable to those during its peak. Furthermore, the concurrent intensification of agriculture near Lake Alchichica and the abandonment of Cantona suggest that climate alone does not fully explain the decline of the city, instead pointing to additional factors such as warfare, socio-political instability, and economic disruption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 109618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New chronological constraints for the Plio-Pleistocene section of Dhar Iroumyane (Morocco) and the associated fossil locality of Guefaït-4","authors":"M. Duval ,&nbsp;T. Fujioka ,&nbsp;H. Haddoumi ,&nbsp;J.M. Parés ,&nbsp;H. Aouraghe ,&nbsp;A. Churruca Clemente ,&nbsp;J. Lachner ,&nbsp;G. Rugel ,&nbsp;K. Stübner ,&nbsp;M. del Val ,&nbsp;S. Pla-Pueyo ,&nbsp;H. Mhamdi ,&nbsp;M. Souhir ,&nbsp;M. Farkouch ,&nbsp;J. Van der Made ,&nbsp;P. Piñero ,&nbsp;J. Agustí ,&nbsp;A. Rodríguez-Hidalgo ,&nbsp;M.G. Chacón ,&nbsp;R. Sala-Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We provide new numerical age constraints to the Plio-Pleistocene section of Dhar Iroumyane (Morocco) and the associated fossil locality of Guefaït-4, which has yielded an exceptionally rich and diverse faunal assemblage, through a combination of Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and Terrestrial Cosmogenic Nuclides (TCN) dating of quartz. While challenging in many aspects, the application of these dating methods to the same deposits located about 5 m below the fossiliferous horizon returns consistent numerical dating results within respective uncertainties. More specifically, the age overlap enables to propose a combined ESR-TCN age of 2.87 ± 0.11 Ma (1σ), which may be regarded a maximum age constraint for Guefaït-4 from a chronostratigraphic point of view. These results allow us to narrow down the options of chronological interpretation proposed in a previous study by Parés et al. (2023), by supporting a correlation of the magnetic reversal initially identified a few meters above the site to the Gauss-Matuyama transition (2.61 Ma). A final age estimate of ∼2.7 Ma may be inferred for the fossil horizon through a series of sensitivity tests based on sedimentation rates. With this approach, the normal polarity interval identified in the upper part of the sequence is most likely correlated to the Olduvai Subchron (1.93–1.78 Ma), and the two short reversals in the lowermost deposits with dominantly normal polarity may be reasonably associated to the intra-Gauss Mammoth (3.33–3.21 Ma) and Kaena (3.12–3.03 Ma) Subchrons. Consequently, the present work help position Guefaït-4 as a key Late Pliocene fossil locality in N Africa for the establishment of a robust regional Plio-Pleistocene biochronology, although further work is required in the future to increase the chronological resolution along the sedimentary sequence. While we do acknowledge the intrinsic uncertainty associated with the ESR and TCN dating results (including the limited number of samples processed in the present study), these encouraging results nevertheless illustrate the interest of using a multi-technique approach to constrain Plio-Pleistocene deposits, and the importance of combining numerical dating with magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy/biochronology in non-volcanic sedimentary context. Such approach also contributes to a better understanding of the potential and limitations of each dating method, and helps providing critical insights into the avenues worth exploring in the future from a methodological and sampling point of view in order to ensure future successful ESR and TCN dating applications beyond 2 Ma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 109610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wetter or drier? Paleohydrological evidence from a 30-year resolution Holocene biomarker δD record from Moossee, Switzerland","authors":"Maximilian Prochnow ,&nbsp;Lisa Danius ,&nbsp;Paul Strobel ,&nbsp;Fabian Rey ,&nbsp;Line Rittmeier ,&nbsp;Michael Zech ,&nbsp;Willy Tinner ,&nbsp;Roland Zech","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydrological cycle intensifies under global warming, causing humid areas to become wetter. However, rising temperatures also amplify seasonal ecosystem dryness, complicating the link between temperature and hydroclimate. Such divergent mechanisms challenge generalizations like 'warm and wet' in paleoclimatology on a global scale. On a regional scale, knowledge about evapotranspiration in response to past warming and cooling is still limited, but highly relevant to understand future hydroclimate. Here, we analyse the hydrogen isotope composition (δD) of aquatic and terrestrial biomarkers in varved sediments from Moossee, Switzerland, covering the past 7300 years at a temporal resolution of 30 years. Based on a dual biomarker approach, we reconstruct evapotranspiration at Moossee. Our data suggests that cool and wet conditions repeatedly favored rising lake levels and advancing glaciers in the Alps but lowered treelines, e.g. at the onset of the Neoglacial, dated to ∼5.5 cal ka BP. In contrast, warmer periods like the Mid Holocene or the Roman Warm Period were associated with dryness. Short-term hydrological fluctuations are partly explained by volcanic and solar forcings. Aside from an increased risk of strong convective rainfall and floods, paleohydrology provides robust evidence that an intensified hydrological cycle under global warming will substantially favor summer drought in Central Europe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 109602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palaeoliquefaction features in Baltic Ice Lake sediments: A case study from Western Latvia","authors":"Małgorzata Pisarska-Jamroży ,&nbsp;Szymon Belzyt ,&nbsp;Māris Nartišs ,&nbsp;Albertas Bitinas ,&nbsp;Barbara Woronko ,&nbsp;Alar Rosentau ,&nbsp;Szymon Świątek","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies of liquefaction features in sedimentary archives offer valuable insights into past deformation processes. This study investigates palaeoliquefaction-induced soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS) preserved within Late Pleistocene nearshore deposits at the Sārnate site in western Latvia, formed during the Baltic Ice Lake. Sedimentological, microstructural, and geochronological analyses were employed to reconstruct depositional conditions and constrain the timing of deformation events. Changes in depositional environments associated with the Baltic Ice Lake, specifically the transition from deeper to shallower water at the study site, were likely driven by the drainage of the Baltic Ice Lake. This may have created conditions conducive to liquefaction and fluidisation, leading to sediment destabilisation and the formation of SSDS, like injection structures, load structures (load casts, pseudonodules) and flame structures. These environmental shifts likely increased pore water pressure within the heterolithic deposits, composed of alternating coarse and fine sediments, rendering them more prone to liquefaction. Liquefaction and the resulting SSDS in these water-saturated nearshore deposits were primarily triggered by overloading, which exerted additional, uneven pressure on the underlying layers, thereby enhancing their liquefaction potential. This process was likely intensified by storm and wave activity. Our findings highlight the critical role of site-specific sedimentological characteristics in influencing liquefaction susceptibility and deformation styles. The spatial distribution, morphology, and textural features of the observed SSDS, indicate past episodes of sediment deformation driven by water level changes in the Baltic Ice Lake. These insights contribute to a broader understanding of non-seismic SSDS formation in nearshore settings and offer a valuable reference for similar features in formerly glaciated regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 109622"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harbor geoarchaeology and urban change in the ancient Knidia (SW Türkiye)","authors":"H. Delile ,&nbsp;J. Leidwanger ,&nbsp;J.-P. Goiran ,&nbsp;J. Blichert-Toft ,&nbsp;F. Stock ,&nbsp;G. Brocard ,&nbsp;L. Radloff ,&nbsp;E.S. Greene ,&nbsp;N. Tuna","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between the two major centers on the Datça Peninsula at Burgaz and Knidos—and the potential shift in population and centrality from one to the other around the 4^th c. BCE—casts a long shadow over the history of the region known in antiquity as the Knidia. What prompted the shift remains unclear in the historical records, but it must have represented a strategic collective decision and major civic investment. Underwater archaeological excavations revealed a 3-m stratigraphic section in the earliest harbor basin of Burgaz, offering a window into the environmental context in which Burgaz flourished and gave way to Knidos at the tip of the peninsula. This study investigates whether socio-environmental systems contributed to this shift, focusing on changes in natural conditions and lead contamination. Anthropogenic lead excesses reveal a first isotopic fingerprint of exogenous lead, linked to central Greece and the Cyclades before the 2^nd c. BCE. Knidos, strategically located at the intersection of Aegean and eastern Mediterranean and Levantine maritime routes, served as a pivotal hub in these networks. During the Roman centuries that followed, though, the source of lead reoriented towards the northern Aegean, offering a new window into potential changes in Knidos's function as an intermediary hub in the emerging imperial trade system. Following the foundation of the city, the basin was excavated around 2600 cal BP, after which it experienced a twofold increase in seafloor aggradation due to the creation of new accommodation space and increased terrigenous inputs driven by Burgaz's pivotal role in the region's agricultural economy. Despite the development of other facilities at Burgaz, Knidos, and elsewhere along the coast, the maintenance of this original harbor continued, with a second dredging phase in Late Antiquity. This may reflect a deliberate effort to sustain a multi-scale harbor system across the peninsula.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 109526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diatom and biogeochemical changes during recent centuries in a small boreal lake: deciphering the influence of large volcanic eruptions","authors":"Ethan L. Silvester ,&nbsp;Richard Bindler ,&nbsp;Christian Bigler ,&nbsp;Caroline Björnerås ,&nbsp;Karl Ljung ,&nbsp;Dan Hammarlund","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Volcanic eruptions can have severe societal and environmental impacts as shown by ash dispersal and sulphur emissions from recent Icelandic eruptions. However, ice-core sulphur records demonstrate that these events were minor as compared to eruptions of much larger magnitude in recent centuries, with severe implications for past society documented in historical records. Biological and chemical evidence of these events can be found in highly resolved varved sediment records. Such records can provide insight into the responses and resilience of lake ecosystems and surrounding catchments following widespread atmospheric perturbations brought about by large volcanic eruptions. In this study we analysed varved sediments spanning the period 1641–1931 CE from Lake Kassjön, a small boreal lake in northern Sweden. We aimed at assessing the potential impacts of the Icelandic eruption of Laki 1783–1784 and the Indonesian eruption of Tambora (1815), based on diatom analysis in combination with organic and inorganic geochemical analyses at sub-decadal resolution. To provide site-specific process understanding, we also assessed the impacts of an intensive ditching operation, which is known to have occurred in 1900–1902 CE. While no significant responses to the eruption of Tambora were identified, our findings indicate enhanced weathering of minerals in the catchment following the eruption of Laki and changes in nutrient dynamics reflected by multiple decades of succession in the diatom assemblage. In timing with Laki, we found an immediate and sustained increase in the concentrations of <em>Aulacoseira tenella</em>. Increased delivery of terrestrial organic matter to the lake and altered nutrient dynamics persisted for around half a century following the eruption of Laki, coinciding with elevated diatom productivity. With consideration of available land-use records, we identify a series of mechanisms as potentially responsible for the immediate responses of the diatom assemblage as well as the more long-lasting effects on the aquatic environment mediated by catchment processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 109608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden archives in the cave: sediments, bat guano, and prehistoric footprints at the ponte di Veja complex (Verona, Italy)","authors":"Dario Battistel ,&nbsp;Mara Bortolini ,&nbsp;Anna De Rossi ,&nbsp;Michele Bassetti ,&nbsp;Pietro Riello ,&nbsp;Marta Radaelli ,&nbsp;Andrea Pereswiet-Soltan ,&nbsp;Leonardo Latella ,&nbsp;Mauro Buonincontri ,&nbsp;Francesco Sauro ,&nbsp;Paola Salzani ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Cilli ,&nbsp;Marco Peresani ,&nbsp;Elena Ghezzo","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cave A at Ponte di Veja (Verona, Italy) preserves a stratified record that links sediment dynamics, chemical alteration and Late-Pleistocene hunter-gatherer activity on the southern Alpine foreland. Integrated sedimentological, micromorphological, mineralogical and geochemical analyses show that the lowermost unit is an allochthonous loess- and soil-derived deposit emplaced at the Last Glacial Maximum by slow percolation from the karst plateau and later modified under hydromorphic conditions. It is overlain by a paleosol, whose abundant charcoal, organic matter and faunal signals indicate repeated human and large-mammal presence in addition to bat guano input. Uneven guano accumulation drives strong in-situ acidification, leaching of alkaline-earth elements and precipitation of taranakite in the wetter, more acidic cave sector, while carbonate buffering keeps isolated spots near neutral. The data support a four-stage depositional model. Quiet loess infill before the Bølling–Allerød interstadial, post-glacial runoff erosion, re-occupation by humans and bats during the Bølling–Allerød and Holocene, and mid-20th-century removal of much guano-charcoal sediment for fertiliser. Radiocarbon and anthracological evidence reveal Epigravettian exploitation that intensified with interstadial warming, contracted, but likely did not cease, during the Younger Dryas, and resumed under Holocene thermophilous woodland.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 109619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}