Prostate Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Association of Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Insertion/287 bp Deletion Polymorphisms and Proliferative Prostatic Diseases among Lebanese Men.","authors":"Asmahan A El Ezzi, Jordan M Clawson, Mohammed A El-Saidi, Wissam R Zaidan, Abigail Kovash, Jeremy Orellana, AnnaKarina Thornock, Ruhul H Kuddus","doi":"10.1155/2020/5959134","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/5959134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) insertion (I) and 287 bp Alu repeat DNA fragment deletion (D) polymorphisms have been indicated in various cancers. Here, we investigated I/D polymorphisms in prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) among Lebanese men.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood DNA extracted from 69 control subjects, 69 subjects with clinically confirmed PCa, and 69 subjects with clinical BPH, all the subjects were aged 50 years or older, was subjected to the polymerase chain reaction. The PCR products were resolved in polyacrylamide gels to determine II, ID, and DD genotypes. The odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and <i>p</i> values of the allele frequencies and genotype ratios were calculated for establishing possible association of the alleles and/or genotypes and PCa and/or BPH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportions of II, ID, and DD genotypes were significantly different from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for BPH and PCa groups (but not the control group), mostly due to overabundance of the ID genotypes. There was no significant difference in the I and D allele frequencies between the control groups and the affected groups. The ratio of (DD + ID)/II is significantly lower among the control group compared to the BPH group (RR = 8.92, <i>p</i> values of the allele frequencies and genotype ratios were calculated for establishing possible association of the alleles and/or genotypes and PCa and/or BPH. <i>p</i> values of the allele frequencies and genotype ratios were calculated for establishing possible association of the alleles and/or genotypes and PCa and/or BPH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data indicate that the D allele of the I/D polymorphisms of the ACE gene is associated with increased risk of BPH, and the ID genotype is a risk factor for both BPH and PCa among Lebanese males.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7029258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37670311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 and Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Candidate in Non-DRE Urine Improves Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer in Chinese Population.","authors":"Lie-Fu Ye,&nbsp;Sha He,&nbsp;Xiaopei Wu,&nbsp;Shengying Jiang,&nbsp;Ruo-Chen Zhang,&nbsp;Ze-Song Yang,&nbsp;Fa-Wen Chen,&nbsp;Dan-Ling Pan,&nbsp;Dong Li,&nbsp;Gang Li","doi":"10.1155/2020/3964615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3964615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although prostate biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, it also leads to high incidence of negative biopsies and the diagnosis of clinically low-risk prostate cancer and the subsequent overtreatment. It remains an unmet need to discover new biomarkers in order to defer the unnecessary biopsies in clinical practice. In this study, we described a new method, LBXexo score, to measure the urine exosomal PCA3/PRAC expression from non-DRE urine as a noninvasive diagnosis to improve the detection rate in Chinese population with a low serum PSA level. First-voided urine samples were collected to isolate exosomes, and exosomal RNAs of PCA3 and PRAC were measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. A significant increase in exoPCA3/PRAC was observed in both any-grade and high-grade prostate cancer groups when compared with the biopsy-negative group. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses showed that the LBXexo score significantly improved diagnostic performance in predicting biopsy results, with AUCs of 0.723 (<i>p</i>=0.017) and 0.736 (<i>p</i>=0.038) for any-grade and high-grade (GS ≥ 7) prostate cancer, respectively. For high-grade cancer, LBXexo had the negative and positive predictive values of 100% and 27.59%, respectively, and could potentially avoid unnecessary biopsy. This is the first report in Chinese population that demonstrates the predictive value of the exosomal expression of PCA3 and PRAC derived from non-DRE urine in predicting prostate biopsy outcomes. It could be used in clinical practice to make a better informed biopsy decision and avoid unnecessary biopsies in Chinese population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/3964615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37677197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in Prostate Cancer Patients and Their Spouses: An Unaddressed Reality.","authors":"Ernesto Sánchez Sánchez,&nbsp;Antonio Carlos González Baena,&nbsp;Carlos González Cáliz,&nbsp;Fernando Caballero Paredes,&nbsp;José Luis Moyano Calvo,&nbsp;Jesús Castiñeiras Fernández","doi":"10.1155/2020/4393175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4393175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of unsuspected anxiety or depression in prostate cancer patients and their spouses, as well as factors involved in its onset. <i>Materials and Methods</i>. A prospective study of 184 patients and 137 spouses evaluated in our hospital during 2019 using the Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer (MAX-PC), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Patient Health Questionnaire depression module (PHQ-9). This study provides an internal validity assessment of the scales and their correlation (alpha and rho coefficients; index <i>r</i>). The contributions of age, education level, months after diagnosis, pain, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, stage of the disease and treatment performed to the positivity of the questionnaires were studied using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of anxiety was 10.9% (MAX-PC) and 28.3% (MAX-PC-PSA). The HADS-A questionnaire indicated pathology in 14.1% of the patients and 16.05% of the spouses. Depression was detected in 7% (HADS-D) and 9.2% (PHQ-9) of patients as well as in 8.8% (HADS-D) and 16.05% (PHQ-9) of their spouses. The greatest concordance between men and women was with the PHQ-9 (Spearman's rho: 0.78; <i>p</i> = 0.01). Education level is significantly related to the presence of anxiety and depression, regardless of the questionnaire applied. The probability of detecting pathology in the MAX-PC varied from 6% in patients with elementary education to 23.5% in university students (<i>p</i> = 0.04). The greatest differences were detected when applying the PHQ-9 to patients (4% pathological, elementary education vs. 35.3% pathological, university education). Our study confirms the lack of a relationship between rates of anxiety and depression and factors such as PSA level, age of the patient and number of comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a high prevalence of unsuspected anxiety and depression in patients with prostate cancer and their wives. Education level correlates with such prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/4393175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37787777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and Economic Evaluation of a Pilot Prostate Cancer Screening Program.","authors":"Dariga S Smailova, Elisa Fabbro, Serik E Ibrayev, Luca Brusati, Yuliya M Semenova, Umutzhan S Samarova, Farida S Rakhimzhanova, Sabit M Zhussupov, Zaituna A Khismetova, Hengameh Hosseini","doi":"10.1155/2020/6140623","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/6140623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background.</i> Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer, and the sixth most common killer among men worldwide (Aubry et al., 2013). This research was motivated by the fact that PCa screening continues to be a controversial topic in the Kazakh medical community. This study aimed at description of how newly diagnosed PCa patients are managed in Pavlodar region of the Kazakhstan Republic and at presentation of a budget impact analysis (BIA) for PCa screening program. Also, we aimed to provide a comparative analysis of pricing system on medical services applied in both private and public healthcare sectors of the Kazakhstan Republic. <i>Methods</i>. New cases of PCa have been retrospectively analyzed for the period from January 2013 to December 2017 based on the information obtained from information system \"Policlinic\" maintained by the Pavlodar regional branch of the Republican Center for Electronic Health and from Cancer Registry of Pavlodar Regional Oncology Center. All data were analyzed with the help of SPSS 20.0 software. <i>Results.</i> The mean age of PCa patients was 68.34 years (SD = 8.559). The government of Kazakhstan invested 20,437,000 KZT (Kazakhstani tenge) in 2017 equivalently 61,188 USD-to fund a pilot study for examination of 9638 men. From 2013 to 2017, out of 49,334 men residing in Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan 1,248 men were diagnosed with prostate diseases, including 130 PCa cases. The PCa detection rate was equal to two cases per month. Only 22.8% of all PCa cases identified in the region within specified time period were revealed as a result of the government-funded PCa screening program. The average prostate cancer detection rate among the target group of Pavlodar region within the period of 5 years was equal to 0.23%. <i>Conclusion.</i> Based on the fact that the PCa screening program failed to enable adequate detection of new PCa cases, we would not recommend to continue this type of screening unless it is undergone careful revision and replanning.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7204116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37937977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Factors for Overall Survival of Patients with Prostate Cancer in Kyadondo County, Uganda.","authors":"James Joseph Yahaya,&nbsp;Tonny Okecha,&nbsp;Michael Odida,&nbsp;Henry Wabinga","doi":"10.1155/2020/8517130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8517130","url":null,"abstract":"Background Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men globally. A few studies that have been done in Uganda on survival of patients with prostate cancer indicate that, the overall survival of patients with prostate cancer in Uganda is poor. The aim of this study was to determine the 3-year overall survival rate of a cohort of patients with prostate cancer residing in Kyadondo County who were diagnosed from 2012 to 2014. The secondary objective was to correlate the overall survival with the clinicopathological prognostic factors. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective cohort study which involved 136 patients who were diagnosed histologically with prostate cancer at the department of pathology between 2012 and 2014. The cases were registered at the Kampala cancer registry and followed up to 31st December 2017. Data analysis was done using STATA version 12.0. The Kaplan-Meir curves were used for analysis of the 3-year overall survival rate. Hazard ratio (HR) and Log-rank test at 95% confidence interval under Cox-regression model were used to evaluate the effect of the covariates on the 3-year overall survival rate. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results More than half of the cases, 55.9% (n = 76) had Gleason score >8. Most of the patients, 67.7% (n = 92) had advanced disease at diagnosis. The 3-year overall survival rate was 67.6% with median survival of 36.5 months and range of 0–65 months. Clinical stage of the patients (HR = 1.65, p = 0.039), Gleason score (HR = 1.88, p = 0.008), and lymphovascular invasion (HR = 0.37, p = 0.002) were the independent predictors of the 3-year overall survival rate in this study. Conclusion. The 3-year overall survival of prostate cancer patients in Uganda is poor. Most of the patients with are diagnosed with advanced clinical stages (stage III and IV). The Gleason score, clinical stage and lymphovascular invasion can powerfully predict independently the overall survival of patients with prostate cancer. This implies that the Gleason score, clinical stage and lymphovascular invasion may be used to predict the overall survival of patients with prostate cancer even prior prostatectomy.","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/8517130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37937978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact and Outcomes of Pretreatment Total Serum Testosterone on Localized Prostate Cancer Patients.","authors":"Brittni M Usera, Polly Creveling, Jonathan D Tward","doi":"10.1155/2020/8357452","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/8357452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate how pretreatment testosterone levels correlate with progression-free survival, metastasis-free survival, and overall survival in a propensity-adjusted localized prostate cancer population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Men diagnosed with clinical NCCN-risk stratified very-low, low, intermediate, high, and/or very-high risk prostate cancer who had a baseline total serum testosterone level≥100 ng/dl measured within the 100 days preceding the first definitive therapy were identified from our prospectively gathered institutional database. Cohorts below (100-239 ng/dl), within (240-593 ng/dl), or above (594 + ng/dl) one standard deviation from the mean testosterone level (416 ng/dl) were used for comparison. Progression-free, metastasis-free, and overall survival were evaluated. A separate cohort of men not receiving ADT was used to evaluate testosterone recovery after various treatment modalities (surgery, external beam radiation, brachytherapy, or combined EBRT + Brachy).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistically significant difference between the low, average, and high testosterone cohorts for PFS, MFS, or OS. In men not using ADT, there were no statistically significant changes in testosterone levels 1 year after therapy, regardless of therapy type.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In men with serum testosterone levels >=100 ng/dl at diagnosis, baseline testosterone does not impact PFS, MFS, or OS. Recovery of testosterone back to baseline is expected for men undergoing either surgery, external beam or brachytherapy, or combined modality radiation when not using ADT.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7201500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37923348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Perceived Risk and Utilization of Prostate Cancer Screening Services among Men in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.","authors":"Fidelis Charles Bugoye,&nbsp;Germana Henry Leyna,&nbsp;Kåre Moen,&nbsp;Elia John Mmbaga","doi":"10.1155/2019/2463048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2463048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Late diagnosis of prostate cancer is common in low and middle income countries and contributes to high morbidity and mortality of the disease. Utilization of prostate cancer screening services plays a major role in prevention of adverse outcomes. However, there is limited information on the knowledge about, the perceived risk of, and the utilization of prostate cancer screening in Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine knowledge and perceived risk of prostate cancer, and the utilization of prostate cancer screening services, and associated factors, among men in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A population-based cross-sectional study involving men aged 40 years and above living in Dar es Salaam was conducted between May and August, 2018.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Participants were recruited through multistage random sampling and took part in structured face-to-face interviews. Categorical variables were summarized using proportions while continuous variables were summarized as medians and inter-quarterly range (IQR). Chi square test was used to compare differences between proportions, and logistic regression modelling was used to determine factors associated with utilization of prostate cancer screening. Both crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals, are reported. All analyses were two-tailed and the significance level set at 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 388 men with a median age of 53 years (IQR 44-55) participated. Half (52.1%) had poor knowledge about prostate cancer and prostate cancer screening. A third (32.3%, <i>n</i> = 125) perceived the risk of prostate cancer to be low. Only 30 respondents (7.7%) had ever been screened for prostate cancer. Utilization of prostate cancer screening services was independently associated with age above 60 years [AOR = 21.46, 95% CI: 6.23, 73.93], monthly income above 305 US Dollars [AOR = 15.68, 95% CI: 4.60, 53.48], the perceived risk of prostate cancer [AOR = 16.34, 95% CI: 7.82, 14.92] and knowledge about prostate cancer [AOR = 67.71, 95% CI: 8.20, 559.57].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Knowledge about prostate cancer and prostate cancer screening services was low among men in Dar es Salaam with a third perceiving themselves to be at no risk for the disease. Utilization of screening services was low and associated with low income, younger age, low perceived risk of prostate cancer and low knowledge about the disease. Intervention measures aiming to increase knowledge about prostate cancer and screening services, and affordable provision of services, are urgently called for.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/2463048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37487096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of the Long Prostate Cancer Expressed PDE4D Transcripts to Poor Patient Outcome Depends on the Tumour's TMPRSS2-ERG Fusion Status.","authors":"Dianne van Strijp,&nbsp;Christiane de Witz,&nbsp;Birthe Heitkötter,&nbsp;Sebastian Huss,&nbsp;Martin Bögemann,&nbsp;George S Baillie,&nbsp;Miles D Houslay,&nbsp;Chris Bangma,&nbsp;Axel Semjonow,&nbsp;Ralf Hoffmann","doi":"10.1155/2019/8107807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8107807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the added value of assessing transcripts for the long cAMP phosphodiesterase-4D (PDE4D) isoforms, PDE4D5 and PDE4D9, regarding the prognostic power of the 'CAPRA & PDE4D7' combination risk model to predict longitudinal postsurgical biological outcomes in prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>RNA was extracted from both biopsy punches of resected tumours (606 patients; RP cohort) and diagnostic needle biopsies (168 patients; DB cohort). RT-qPCR was performed in order to determine PDE4D5, PDE4D7, and PDE4D9 transcript scores in both study cohorts. By RNA sequencing, we determined the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion status of each tumour sample in the RP cohort. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were then applied to correlate the PDE4D5, PDE4D7 and PDE4D9 scores with postsurgical patient outcomes. Logistic regression was then used to combine the clinical CAPRA score with PDE4D5, PDE4D7, and PDE4D9 scores in order to build a 'CAPRA & PDE4D5/7/9' regression model. ROC and decision curve analysis was used to estimate the net benefit of the 'CAPRA & PDE4D5/7/9' risk model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, on the RP cohort, revealed a significant association of the PDE4D7 score with postsurgical biochemical recurrence (BCR) in the presence of the TMPRSS2-ERG gene rearrangement (logrank p<0.0001), compared to the absence of this gene fusion event (logrank p=0.08). In contrast, the PDE4D5 score was only significantly associated with BCR in TMPRSS2-ERG fusion negative tumours (logrank p<0.0001 vs. logrank p=0.4 for TMPRSS2-ERG+ tumours). This was similar for the PDE4D9 score although less pronounced compared to that of the PDE4D5 score (TMPRSS2ERG- logrank p<0.0001 vs. TMPRSS2ERG+ logrank p<0.005). In order to predict BCR after primary treatment, we undertook ROC analysis of the logistic regression combination model of the CAPRA score with the PDE4D5, PDE4D7, and PDE4D9 scores. For the DB cohort, this demonstrated significant differences in the AUC between the CAPRA and the PDE4D5/7/9 regression model vs. the CAPRA and PDE4D7 risk model (AUC 0.87 vs. 0.82; p=0.049) vs. the CAPRA score alone (AUC 0.87 vs. 0.77; p=0.005). The CAPRA and PDE4D5/7/9 risk model stratified 19.2% patients of the DB cohort to either 'no risk of biochemical relapse' (NPV 100%) or the 'start of any secondary treatment (NPV 100%)', over a follow-up period of up to 15 years. Decision curve analysis presented a clear, net benefit for the use of the novel CAPRA & PDE4D5/7/9 risk model compared to the clinical CAPRA score alone or the CAPRA and PDE4D7 model across all decision thresholds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Association of the long PDE4D5, PDE4D7, and PDE4D9 transcript scores to prostate cancer patient outcome, after primary intervention, varies in opposite directions depending on the TMPRSS2-ERG genomic fusion background of the tumour. Adding transcript scores for the long PDE4D isoforms, ","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/8107807","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37391482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of Prostate Cancer Cells by 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid through Cell Cycle Arrest.","authors":"Olivia Lodise,&nbsp;Ketki Patil,&nbsp;Igor Karshenboym,&nbsp;Scott Prombo,&nbsp;Chidinma Chukwueke,&nbsp;S Balakrishna Pai","doi":"10.1155/2019/4520645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4520645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality in men. Even though current therapeutic management has contributed to reducing mortality, additional intervention strategies are warranted to further improve the outcomes. To this end, we have investigated the efficacy of dicaffeoylquinic acids, ingredients in Yerba Mate (<i>Ilex paraguariensis</i>), an evergreen cultivated in South America, the leaves of which are used to prepare a tea/coffee-like drink. Of the various analogs tested, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4,5-diCQA) was the most active molecule against DU-145 prostate cancer cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 5 <i>μ</i>M. 4,5-diCQA was active both under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The effect of 72-hour treatment on DU-145 cells persisted for an extended time period as assessed by clonogenic assay. Mechanistic studies revealed that the toxic effect was not due to induction of programmed cell death but through cell cycle arrest at S phase. Additionally, 4,5-diCQA did not impact PI3K/MAPK signaling pathway nor did it affect the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane. 4,5-diCQA-induced accumulation of cells in the S-phase also seems to negatively impact Bcl-2 expression. 4,5-diCQA also exhibited inhibitory activity on LNCaP and PC-3 prostate cancer cells suggesting that it has therapeutic potential on a broad range of prostate cancers. Taken together, the novel inhibitory activity and mechanism of action of 4,5-diCQA opens up potential therapeutic options for using this molecule as monotherapy as well as in combinatorial therapies for the clinical management of prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/4520645","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37382422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anesthesia for Open Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy: A Comparison between Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia and Combined General Epidural Anesthesia.","authors":"O Kofler,&nbsp;S Prueckner,&nbsp;E Weninger,&nbsp;R Tomasi,&nbsp;A Karl,&nbsp;S Niedermayer,&nbsp;A Jovanovic,&nbsp;H H Müller,&nbsp;C Stief,&nbsp;B Zwissler,&nbsp;V von Dossow","doi":"10.1155/2019/4921620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4921620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several anesthesiologic regimens can be used for open radical retropubic prostatectomy. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to compare the combined general epidural anesthesia and the combined spinal epidural anesthesia with regard to availability, efficacy, side effects, and perioperative time consumption in a high-volume center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was performed by querying the electronic medical records of 1207 consecutive patients from the database of our online documentation software. All patients underwent open radical retropubic prostatectomy from 01/2008 to 08/2011 and met the study criteria. Linear and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify differences in parameters such as time consumption in the operating unit, hemodynamic parameters, volume replacement, and catecholamine therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>698 (57.8%) patients have been undergoing open radical retropubic prostatectomy under combined spinal epidural anesthesia and 509 (42.2%) patients by combined general epidural anesthesia. Operating unit (p <0.0001) and post-anesthesia care unit stay (p <0.0001) as well as total hospital stay (p <0.0001) were significantly shorter in the combined spinal epidural anesthesia group. In addition, this group had reduced intraoperative volume need (p <0.0001) as well as lower need of catecholamines (p <0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This retrospective study suggests that the combined spinal epidural anesthesia seems to be a suitable and efficient anesthesia technique for patients undergoing open radical retropubic prostatectomy. This specific approach reduces time in the operation unit and length of hospital stay.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/4921620","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37085679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}