Prostate Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Second-Line Treatment for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer following the Administration of Upfront Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitors.","authors":"Kazuro Kikkawa, Masahiro Tamaki, Kouhei Maruno, Tatsuya Hazama, Toshifumi Takahashi, Yuya Yamada, Masakazu Nakashima, Noriyuki Ito","doi":"10.1155/2024/9303603","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/9303603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effects of docetaxel and androgen receptor signaling inhibitors as second-line treatments in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer after androgen receptor signaling inhibitors as first-line treatment. This study retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of second-line treatment with docetaxel or androgen receptor signaling inhibitor in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer who received first-line treatment with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors. Clinical backgrounds and outcomes were compared between docetaxel and androgen receptor signaling inhibitors as second-line treatment. Of 59 patients, 21 (35.6%) and 38 (64.4%) received docetaxel and androgen receptor signaling inhibitors as second-line treatment after first-line treatment with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors, respectively. In the second-line setting, the median progression-free survival was longer with androgen receptor signaling inhibitor than with docetaxel (17 versus 6 months, <i>P</i>=0.014). In the first-line setting, the median progression-free survival was longer with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors than with docetaxel (32 versus 25 months, <i>P</i>=0.014); however, no significant difference was found in the overall survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that there was no significant association between second-line treatment and survival, and first-line treatment with abiraterone was identified as a prognostic factor for progression-free survival. Subgroup analysis showed that the abiraterone-enzalutamide sequence was more effective than the other three sequences for progression-free survival and overall survival. This study suggests that second-line treatment with an androgen receptor signaling inhibitor for castration-resistant prostate cancer after androgen receptor signaling inhibitors as first-line treatment may be more beneficial, particularly with abiraterone as the upfront treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11319047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostate Cancer Detection from MRI Using Efficient Feature Extraction with Transfer Learning","authors":"Rafiqul Islam, Al Imran, Md. Fazle Rabbi","doi":"10.1155/2024/1588891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1588891","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer is a common cancer with significant implications for global health. Prompt and precise identification is crucial for efficient treatment strategizing and enhanced patient results. This research study investigates the utilization of machine learning techniques to diagnose prostate cancer. It emphasizes utilizing deep learning models, namely VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, and ResNet50V2, to extract relevant features. The random forest approach then uses these features for classification. The study begins by doing a thorough comparison examination of the deep learning architectures outlined above to evaluate their effectiveness in extracting significant characteristics from prostate cancer imaging data. Key metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy are used to assess the models’ efficacy. With an accuracy of 99.64%, ResNet50 outperformed other tested models when it came to identifying important features in images of prostate cancer. Furthermore, the analysis of understanding factors aims to offer valuable insights into the decision-making process, thereby addressing a critical problem for clinical practice acceptance. The random forest classifier, a powerful ensemble learning method renowned for its adaptability and ability to handle intricate datasets, then uses the collected characteristics as input. The random forest model seeks to identify patterns in the feature space and produce precise predictions on the presence or absence of prostate cancer. In addition, the study tackles the restricted availability of datasets by utilizing transfer learning methods to refine the deep learning models using a small amount of annotated prostate cancer data. The objective of this method is to improve the ability of the models to generalize across different patient populations and clinical situations. This study’s results are useful because they show how well VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, and ResNet50V2 work for extracting features in the field of diagnosing prostate cancer, when used with random forest’s classification abilities. The results of this work provide a basis for creating reliable and easily understandable machine learning-based diagnostic tools for detecting prostate cancer. This will enhance the possibility of an early and precise diagnosis in clinical settings such as index terms deep learning, machine learning, prostate cancer, cancer identification, and cancer classification.","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of Sexual and Erectile Functions after Brachytherapy for Prostate Cancer Based on Patient-Reported Questionnaires","authors":"L. Gesztesi, Z. Kocsis, K. Jorgo, G. Fröhlich, C. Polgár, P. Ágoston","doi":"10.1155/2024/5729185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5729185","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to compare the side effects of high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRBT) and low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDRBT), with a particular focus on the effects on sexual functions and sexual well-being (PROMOBRA study, NCT02258087). Localized low-risk and low-intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients were treated with mono LDR (N = 123, 145 Gy dose) or mono HDR brachytherapy (N = 117, 19/21 Gy). Prior to the treatment and during follow-up (at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months after treatment, and then annually after two years), patients completed patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM) questionnaires EORTC QLQ-PR-25, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), and IIEF-5 (SHIM). We compared the patients in different group breakdowns (HDR vs. LDR, hormone naïve and hormone-receiving HDR vs. LDR, hormone naïve and hormone-receiving patients in general, and 19 Gy HDR vs. 21 Gy HDR). In the hormone-naive LDR group, erectile function, orgasm function, sexual desire, satisfaction with intercourse, and overall satisfaction functions significantly decreased compared to baseline throughout the whole follow-up period. However, there were significant decreases in function at a maximum of three time points after HDR therapy without hormone therapy. In hormone-receiving patients, the orgasm function was significantly better in the HDR group at multiple time points compared to the baseline, and sexual desire improved at four time points. According to our results, both LDRBT and HDRBT can be safely administered to patients with localized prostate cancer. In hormone-naive patients, the HDR group showed only recovering decreases in sexual functions, while the LDR group showed a lasting decline in multiple areas. Thus, HDR appears to be more advantageous to hormone-naive patients.","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139598463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-Related and Psychosocial Factors Associated with Prostate Cancer Stage at Diagnosis among Males Participating in Alberta’s Tomorrow Project","authors":"Michelle L. Aktary, Brittany Shewchuk, Qinggang Wang, Eric Hyndman, Lorraine Shack, Paula J. Robson, Karen A. Kopciuk","doi":"10.1155/2023/4426167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4426167","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer (PCa) stage at diagnosis is an important predictor of cancer prognosis. In Canada, over one-quarter of males are diagnosed with advanced-stage PCa. Studies have identified several factors associated with PCa stage at diagnosis; however, evidence from Canada is limited. This study aimed to examine associations between sociodemographic characteristics, health history, health practices, and psychosocial factors and PCa stage at diagnosis among males participating in Alberta’s Tomorrow Project (ATP), a prospective cohort in Alberta, Canada. The study included males aged 35–69 years who developed PCa until January 2018. Factors associated with PCa stage at diagnosis were examined using partial proportional odds (PPO) ordinal regression models. A total of 410 males were diagnosed with PCa over the study period. A higher number of lifetime prostate-specific antigen tests were associated with earlier-stage PCa (OR 0.91, <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M1\"> <mi>p</mi> </math> = 0.02, 95% CI 0.83–0.99), while higher abdominal circumference (OR 1.02, <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M2\"> <mi>p</mi> </math> = 0.05, 95% CI 1.00–1.03), lower social support (OR 2.34, <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M3\"> <mi>p</mi> </math> < 0.01, 95% CI 1.31–4.17), and having children (OR 2.67, <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M4\"> <mi>p</mi> </math> < 0.01, 95% CI 1.38–5.16) were associated with later-stage disease. This study identified factors previously found in the literature as well as novel factors associated with PCa stage at diagnosis, which can help inform targets for cancer prevention programs to improve PCa prognosis.","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135093089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients Treated with Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Multimodality Functional Imaging Study to Evaluate Neuroinflammation.","authors":"Azeem Saleem,&nbsp;Syed Imran Ali Shah,&nbsp;Stephen A Mangar,&nbsp;Christopher Coello,&nbsp;Matthew B Wall,&nbsp;Gaia Rizzo,&nbsp;Terry Jones,&nbsp;Patricia M Price","doi":"10.1155/2023/6641707","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/6641707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer is implicated as a possible cause of cognitive impairment (CI). CI in dementia and Alzheimer's disease is associated with neuroinflammation. In this study, we investigated a potential role of neuroinflammation in ADT-related CI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with prostate cancer on ADT for ≥3 months were categorized as having ADT-emergent CI or normal cognition (NC) based on self-report at interview. Neuroinflammation was evaluated using positron emission tomography (PET) with the translocator protein (TSPO) radioligand [¹¹C]-PBR28. [¹¹C]-PBR28 uptake in various brain regions was quantified as standardized uptake value (SUVR, normalized to cerebellum) and related to blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) choice-reaction time task (CRT) activation maps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven patients underwent PET: four with reported CI (rCI), six with reported NC (rNC), and one status unrecorded. PET did not reveal any between-group differences in SUVR regionally or globally. There was no difference between groups on brain activation to the CRT. Regardless of the reported cognitive status, there was strong correlation between PET-TSPO signal and CRT activation in the hippocampus, amygdala, and medial cortex.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found no difference in neuroinflammation measured by PET-TSPO between patients with rCI and rNC. However, we speculate that the strong correlation between TSPO uptake and BOLD-fMRI activation in brain regions involved in memory and known to have high androgen-receptor expression mediating plasticity (hippocampus and amygdala) might reflect inflammatory effects of ADT with compensatory upregulated/increased synaptic functions. Further studies of this imaging readout are warranted to investigate ADT-related CI.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10599921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54230785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications of Extended Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection in Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Radical Prostatectomy: Analysis and Risk Factors.","authors":"Pedro Castro,&nbsp;Paulo B O Arantes,&nbsp;Yves M R Martins,&nbsp;Matheus N M Reis,&nbsp;Ana Paula Drummond-Lage,&nbsp;Alberto J A Wainstein","doi":"10.1155/2022/7631903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7631903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The knowledge of risk factors and complications related to extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) during radical prostatectomy can help selecting patients who will benefit the most with lymph node dissection concomitant to radical prostatectomy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort evaluating 135 patients with PC, with a high risk for lymph node metastasis, submitted to ePLND by a single surgeon between 2013 and 2019, performed either by the laparoscopic or laparoscopic robot-assisted approach. Data related to complications were properly recorded using the Martin's criteria and were classified by the Satava and Clavien-Dindo-Strasberg methods. Logistic regression was used to determine predictors of complications related to ePLND.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean number of lymph nodes removed was 10.2 ± 4.9, and in 28.2%, they were positive for metastasis. There were five intraoperative complications (4%), all in patients operated by laparoscopic approach. There were nine severe postoperative complications (7.3%), four of which occurred after postoperative day 30. Three patients (2.4%) had thromboembolic complications and five patients (4.0%) had lymphocele that required treatment. There was a correlation between the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification and postoperative complications (<i>p</i>=0.06), but it was not possible to identify statistically significant predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ePLND during radical prostatectomy has a low rate of intraoperative complications and may change prostate cancer staging. Postoperative complications, especially venous thromboembolism and lymphocele, need to be monitored even in the late postoperative period.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9617711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40674364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expansion of Lymphocytes from Prostatic Adenocarcinoma and Adjacent Nonmalignant Tissue.","authors":"Linh T Nguyen,&nbsp;Charlotte S Lo,&nbsp;Michael Fyrsta,&nbsp;Jessica Nie,&nbsp;Jennifer Y Yam,&nbsp;Pei-Hua Yen,&nbsp;Michael X Le,&nbsp;Karen Hersey,&nbsp;Miran Kenk,&nbsp;Megan Crumbaker,&nbsp;Neil Fleshner,&nbsp;Girish Kulkarni,&nbsp;Robert Hamilton,&nbsp;Michael Jewett,&nbsp;Antonio Finelli,&nbsp;Andrew Evans,&nbsp;Joan Sweet,&nbsp;Pamela S Ohashi,&nbsp;Anthony M Joshua","doi":"10.1155/2022/6499344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6499344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The evaluation of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in solid malignancies has yielded insights into immune regulation within the tumour microenvironment and has also led to the development and optimisation of adoptive T cell therapies.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined the <i>in vitro</i> expansion of TILs from prostate adenocarcinoma, as a preliminary step to evaluate the potential of TILs for adoptive T cell therapy. <i>Design, Setting, and Participants</i>. Malignant and adjacent nonmalignant tissues were obtained from fifteen men undergoing radical prostatectomy. <i>Interventions</i>. There were no study interventions. <i>Outcome Measurements and Statistical Analysis</i>. Expanded cells were analysed by flow cytometry, and the data was assessed for associations between cell subpopulations and expansion rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes could be expanded to numbers that would be needed to generate a therapeutic infusion product from nine of 15 malignant specimens (60%). The CD4⁺ T cells predominated over CD8⁺ T cells (median 56.8% CD4⁺, 30.0% CD8⁺), and furthermore, faster TIL expansion was associated with a higher proportion of CD4⁺ T cells (median 69.8% in faster-growing cultures; 36.8% in slower-growing cultures). A higher proportion of CD3^-CD56⁺ cells versus CD3⁺ cells was associated with slower TIL expansion in cultures from malignant specimens (median 13.3% in slower-growing cultures versus 2.05% in faster-growing cultures), but not from nonmalignant specimens.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The expansion of TILs for potential therapeutic use is feasible. Our findings also indicate that further examination of TILs from prostate adenocarcinomas may yield insights into mechanisms of regulation of T cells within the tumour microenvironment. Further research is required to evaluate their therapeutic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9225894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40398433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Predictive Models in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Saatchi, Fatemeh Khatami, Rahil Mashhadi, Akram Mirzaei, Leila Zareian, Zeinab Ahadi, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir","doi":"10.1155/2022/1742789","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/1742789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) has a fundamental role in clinical and patient care. Recent advances in diagnostic testing and marker lead to standardized interpretation and increased prescription by clinicians to improve the detection of clinically significant PCa and select patients who strictly require targeted biopsies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we present a systematic review of the overall diagnostic accuracy of each testing panel regarding the panel details. In this meta-analysis, using a structured search, Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched up to 23 September 2019 with no restrictions and filters. The study's outcome was the AUC and 95% confidence interval of prediction models. This index was reported as an overall and based on the WHO region and models with/without MRI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The thirteen final articles included 25,691 people. The overall AUC and 95% CI in thirteen studies were 0.78 and 95% CI: 0.73-0.82. The weighted average AUC in the countries of the Americas region was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.70-0.75), and in European countries, it was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.72-0.88). In four studies with MRI, the average weighted AUC was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.86-0.90), while in other articles where MRI was not a parameter in the diagnostic model, the mean AUC was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.70-0.76).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study's findings showed that MRI significantly improved the detection accuracy of prostate cancer and had the highest discrimination to distinguish candidates for biopsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9200600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40000305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI-Based Radiotherapy Planning to Reduce Rectal Dose in Excess of Tolerance.","authors":"Daniel R Schmidt,&nbsp;Mandar Bhagwat,&nbsp;Daniel I Glazer,&nbsp;Ming-Hui Chen,&nbsp;Maryam Moteabbed,&nbsp;Elizabeth McMahon,&nbsp;Marian J Loffredo,&nbsp;Clare M Tempany,&nbsp;Anthony V D'Amico","doi":"10.1155/2022/7930744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7930744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective single-arm study enrolled 15 men treated with IG-IMRT for localized prostate cancer. All participants received a dedicated 3 Tesla MRI examination of the prostate in addition to a pelvic CT examination for treatment planning. Two volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans with a prescription dose of 79.2 Gy were designed using identical constraints based on CT- and MRI-defined consensus volumes. The volume of rectum exposed to 70 Gy or more was compared using the Wilcoxon paired signed rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For CT-based treatment plans, the median volume of rectum receiving 70 Gy or more was 9.3 cubic centimeters (cc) (IQR 7.0 to 10.2) compared with 4.9 cc (IQR 4.1 to 7.8) for MRI-based plans. This resulted in a median volume reduction of 2.1 cc (IQR 0.5 to 5.3, <i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using MRI to plan prostate IG-IMRT to a dose of 79.2 Gy reduces the volume of rectum receiving radiation dose in excess of tolerance (70 Gy or more) and should be considered in men who are at high risk for late rectal toxicity and are not good candidates for other rectal sparing techniques such as hydrogel spacer. This trial is registered with NCT02470910.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8831048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39914899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening According to Health Professional Counseling and Age in the United States.","authors":"Ray M Merrill,&nbsp;Seth A Otto,&nbsp;Eliza B Hammond","doi":"10.1155/2022/8646314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8646314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2018, the US Preventive Services Task Force recommended that PSA screening for prostate cancer involve men aged 55-69, based on a personal decision following consultation with a health professional. PSA screening in men aged 70 or older should only occur if symptoms exist. This study identifies the association between having a PSA test in the past two years and whether or not there was consultation with a health professional about the benefits and/or harms of PSA screening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analyses were based on data involving men aged 40 years or older, who responded to PSA related questions in the 2018 BRFSS survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 32.0% (14.6% for ages 40-54, 41.7% for ages 55-69, and 49.8% for ages 70 years and older) of respondents had a PSA test in the past two years. Approximately 81.7% of these men had talked with a health professional about the benefits and/or harms of PSA screening, with 42.4% having discussed the benefits and harms, 54.6% having discussed the benefits only, and 3.0% having discussed the harms only. The odds of a PSA test in the past two years in men having talked with a health professional about the benefits and harms of the test versus no talk are 10.1 (95% CI 9.3-10.8), in men who talked with a health professional about the benefits only versus no talk are 10.8 (95% CI 10.0-11.6), and in men who talked with a health professional about the harms only versus no talk are 3.9 (95% CI 2.9-5.1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PSA screening is most common in men aged 70 or older, which is counter to the US Preventive Task Force recommendation. Most men having a PSA test have talked with a health professional about the test, but the talks tended to focus on just the benefits of screening and not both potential benefits and harms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20907,"journal":{"name":"Prostate Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8758274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39825670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}