Radiation research最新文献

{"title":"Hatsumi Nagasawa (1935-2025).","authors":"Edouard Azzam, Takamitsu Kato, Susan Bailey, Joel Bedford, David Chen, Eric Chuang, Paul Wilson, Tom Hei","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-000HN.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-000HN.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":"205 2","pages":"206-208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146157833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroptosis is a Pivotal Player in Radiation-induced Cell Death of Colorectal Cancer Cells.","authors":"Lisa Kerkhove, Febe Geirnaert, Jana Coppens, Adrián Gutiérrez, Hugo Vandenplas, Thierry Gevaert, Inès Dufait, Mark De Ridder","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00251.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00251.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent type of regulated cell death (RCD), has recently been associated with radiation efficacy. However, the impact of ferroptosis inducers (FINs) on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines varies tremendously. This study aims to elucidate the importance of ferroptosis in radiation-induced RCD, comparing it with apoptosis and necroptosis. Human CRC cell lines (DLD-1, HT29, HCT116), and a murine CRC cell line (CT26) were included in this study. radiation-induced RCD was assessed by flow cytometric analysis. To determine the precise percentage of cells undergoing RCD, a colony formation assay (CFA) was employed following treatment with the cell death inhibitors ferrostatin-1, Z-VAD-FMK or necrostatin-1. The impact of hypoxia (1% O2) and fractionation on RCD percentages was analysed using a CFA. In vitro results were confirmed in 3D spheroid models and validated in a CT26 tumor model. Radiation significantly elevated the levels of apoptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis, irrespective of oxygen concentration. Inhibition of ferroptosis reduced cell death similarly to the inhibition of apoptosis and necroptosis. These findings were confirmed in 3D models. Hypoxia and fractionation decreased overall RCD. In vivo experiments confirmed the pivotal role of ferroptosis, showing it to be similarly involved as necroptosis and greater than apoptosis. Ferroptosis is equally involved in radiation-induced RCD in CRC cells compared to apoptosis and necroptosis. However, its importance decreases under hypoxic conditions and after fractionation. Nonetheless, the reduction was less pronounced than for necroptosis, suggesting that ferroptosis is an ideal type of RCD to trigger in a clinical setting. Overall, this study highlights the potential of FINs as effective clinical radiosensitizers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"140-151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145513845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the Effectiveness of Low-Energy Ions, an Extension of the Local Effect Model.","authors":"K Sennhenn, M Scholz, T Friedrich","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00008.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-00008.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the field of radiation physics, understanding the impact of low-energy ions with high linear energy transfer (LET) is crucial for assessing both radiation protection and particle therapy risks. However, predicting their biological effectiveness is challenging, because commonly assumed track-segment conditions, where ions maintain a constant LET and energy, no longer hold at low energies. Additionally, as ion track sizes shrink to the scale of chromatin structures, inhomogeneities within the cell nucleus can be resolved and the assumption of a uniformly sensitive nucleus becomes inadequate. To address these challenges, we present a low-energy adaption (LEA) of the local effect model (LEM IV), which introduces three key modifications: 1. modeling ion deceleration within the cell nucleus by dividing it into discrete slices to account for energy and LET gradients; 2. incorporating a heterogeneous target structure by distinguishing between radiation-sensitive and insensitive chromatin domains; 3. a more accurate prediction of the linear-quadratic parameter βion by introducing a saturation correction for very high LET. Our results demonstrate that the LEA LEM IV notably improves predictive accuracy at low ion energies. With these adaptions, the LEA successfully reflects the reduced inactivation cross sections observed experimentally, which remain below the geometric cross section of the nucleus. The model shows good agreement with three sets of experimental data, including inactivation cross sections for carbon, argon, and uranium ions, as well as αion values for alpha particles. While computationally more intensive, the LEA provides a crucial tool for precise modeling in low-energy scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"152-163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NIAID Biodosimetry Strategic Plan.","authors":"","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00178.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-00178.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the face of emerging threats from natural disasters, nuclear accidents, and potential malicious use of radiation, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH) has created the \"2024 NIH Strategic Plan and Research Agenda for Development of Radiation Biodosimetry Approaches Against Radiological and Nuclear Threats.\" This document represents a collaborative effort among leading experts in radiation biology, biomarkers, biodosimetry, and emergency response to address critical challenges in assessing radiation exposure and its potential health effects. Radiation biodosimetry, the science of determining radiation doses absorbed by individuals or using biological markers to predict health outcomes, is a cornerstone of effective medical management of patients following a radiological or nuclear incident. Accurate and timely biodosimetry is essential for identifying individuals in need of medical intervention, optimizing treatment strategies, and allocating resources efficiently. Building on and expanding the scope of the research originally envisioned for the overall program (as outlined in the original 2005 NIH Strategic Plan which was updated in a 2012 Progress Report), this 2024 document is devoted specifically to radiation biodosimetry. This Strategic Plan endeavors to outline a comprehensive framework to advance the field of radiation biodosimetry, encompassing basic and translational research, technology development, operational strategies, and implementation of cutting-edge artificial intelligence and machine learning modalities. Key components of this Strategic Plan include enhancing understanding of radiation-induced biological effects, developing novel biodosimetry methods, and fostering collaborations to enhance the translation of research findings into practical applications. By investing in basic through translational research, NIAID aims to accelerate the development of biodosimetry tools that are reliable, rapid, and accessible to a broad range of stakeholders, including emergency responders, healthcare providers, and the general public. The 2024 NIAID Strategic Plan and Research Agenda for Radiation Biodosimetry reflects a commitment to promoting public health preparedness and resilience in the face of radiological emergencies. The strategies outlined in this document will facilitate significant progress in radiation biodosimetry, ultimately improving our ability to protect and care for individuals affected by radiation exposure by enhancing our nation's preparedness for nuclear and radiological emergencies and reducing the impact of these incidents on public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"199-205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Spatiotemporal Model Simulating 53BP1 Foci Dynamics during DNA Repair.","authors":"Junyi Chen, Wenzong Ma, Yuqi Ma, Yugang Wang, Gen Yang","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00139.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-00139.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) exhibits liquid-liquid phase separation properties and forms DNA repair foci at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). While the dynamics of 53BP1 foci are essential for DSB signaling and repair, no current model can accurately simulate these processes. In this study, we developed a multi-scale computational framework that uses Monte Carlo methods to simulate the radiation-induced DSB distribution across the entire nucleus and 53BP1 foci dynamics, including foci formation, fission, and fusion. Our model incorporated the DSB clustering model to predict the formation of 53BP1 foci under various irradiation conditions, including fractionated irradiation. Additionally, our model can predict the temporal and spatial dynamics of 53BP1 foci, including their fission and fusion, as well as the repair dynamics of the foci. Validated against experimental dynamics under diverse conditions, this study established a unified model for 53BP1 foci dynamics, from formation to repair, providing a quantitative tool to investigate the spatiotemporal regulation of DNA damage repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"175-186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proline Intake Dampens Radiosensitivity in Prostate Cancer Cells by Targeting PRODH/MAPK Pathway.","authors":"M Sproull, Y Fan, Q Chen, D Meerzaman, K Camphausen","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00171.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-00171.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiotherapy remains a standard treatment for prostate cancer (PCa), inducing tumor cell death and apoptosis. However, its efficacy depends on various factors, including tumor cell metabolism. In this study, we investigated whether alterations in proline metabolism influence the response of prostate cancer cells to radiation. The radiosensitivity of LNCaP and C4-2 cells after X-ray irradiation was assessed using colony formation and tumor-sphere assays, while Matrigel invasion assays evaluated in vitro cell invasion. We then examined the effect of radiation on proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) expression and MAPK/p-MAPK signaling via Western blotting. To further explore the role of proline metabolism in radiation response, we tested the impact of exogenous proline supplementation and PRODH knockdown on radiation efficacy in LNCaP and C4-2 cells using the same assays. Finally, in vivo validation was performed using xenograft tumor models in nude mice to determine how proline and PRODH modulation influences radiation outcomes. Our results demonstrated that X-ray irradiation significantly inhibited prostate cancer cell growth and invasion. However, this effect was attenuated by exogenous proline supplementation. Following irradiation, proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) expression was upregulated, while phosphorylated MAPK (p-MAPK) levels were downregulated. Notably, the suppressive effect of proline on radiation efficacy was abolished upon PRODH knockdown, suggesting a key role for proline metabolism in radiation response. In vivo studies further supported these findings: X-ray irradiation effectively suppressed tumor growth in xenograft mouse models, but this therapeutic effect was diminished when mice were treated with proline solution. These observations align with our in vitro data, reinforcing the modulatory role of proline metabolism in radiosensitivity. While radiotherapy demonstrates robust antitumor effects in prostate cancer, our findings reveal that proline metabolism significantly impairs radiation efficacy in both cellular and animal models.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"348-354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145410005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Cell Size Changes after Irradiation on Reliability of an Impedance Measurement-based Hematology Analyzer.","authors":"Timo Orben, Taro Matsui, Kazushi Suzuki, Manabu Kinoshita, Cornelius Hermann, Andreas Lamkowski, Nikolai Schmid, Matthias Port, Tanja Popp","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00212.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-00212.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiological nuclear scenarios remain a persistent threat due to civil use and military possession of radiation sources. Therefore, it is crucial to be prepared for events involving a large number of patients exposed to radiation. In such cases, it is important to quickly and simply predict whether potential patients will develop severe, mild, or no Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS). To address this challenge, the Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology developed the H-module, a prediction module that estimates the severity of ARS based on peripheral blood cell counts in the context of an exposure event. For accurate predictions, correct blood counts, especially lymphocyte and granulocyte counts, are essential. Mobile hematology analyzers (HA) are a possible portable and easy-to-learn solution for assessing patient blood counts. These analyzers use impedance measurements to identify cell populations, with cell volume primarily responsible for providing differential blood cell counts. We investigated the influence of alterations in leukocyte size after irradiation on the performance of this method. Whole blood samples from healthy donors were irradiated with different doses (0, 1, and 5 Gy). The samples were analyzed after 0, 1, 6, and 24 h post-irradiation. At each time point, a blood count was performed using impedance measurements via HA, and in parallel, a differential blood count of white blood cells (WBC) was performed using imaging-based flow cytometry. Lymphocytes and granulocytes were differentiated using CD15, CD3, and CD19 markers, by their different side scatter, and by their size in brightfield mode. In addition, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were monitored using a live-cell imaging system equipped with image acquisition and cell size measurement. The HA indicated a discrete increase in the lymphocyte fraction when blood counts were performed 24 h after irradiation, whereas at earlier time points, all WBC fractions remained comparable between both methods. These findings demonstrate that morphological changes in WBC do not impair the ability of the device to distinguish granulocytes from lymphocytes, provided that measurements are performed promptly. However, after 24 h, a reduction in cell size, due to delayed handling of the samples, resulted in an artificial increase in the lymphocyte fraction, potentially masking the lymphocyte depletion characteristic of H-ARS. Thus, timely sample processing when using a HA is essential to ensure diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"406-413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146133088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Cell Size Changes after Irradiation on Reliability of an Impedance Measurement-based Hematology Analyzer.","authors":"Timo Orben, Taro Matsui, Kazushi Suzuki, Manabu Kinoshita, Cornelius Hermann, Andreas Lamkowski, Nikolai Schmid, Matthias Port, Tanja Popp","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00212.1.R","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-00212.1.R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiological nuclear scenarios remain a persistent threat due to civil use and military possession of radiation sources. Therefore, it is crucial to be prepared for events involving a large number of patients exposed to radiation. In such cases, it is important to quickly and simply predict whether potential patients will develop severe, mild, or no Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS). To address this challenge, the Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology developed the H-module, a prediction module that estimates the severity of ARS based on peripheral blood cell counts in the context of an exposure event. For accurate predictions, correct blood counts, especially lymphocyte and granulocyte counts, are essential. Mobile hematology analyzers (HA) are a possible portable and easy-to-learn solution for assessing patient blood counts. These analyzers use impedance measurements to identify cell populations, with cell volume primarily responsible for providing differential blood cell counts. We investigated the influence of alterations in leukocyte size after irradiation on the performance of this method. Whole blood samples from healthy donors were irradiated with different doses (0, 1, and 5 Gy). The samples were analyzed after 0, 1, 6, and 24 h post-irradiation. At each time point, a blood count was performed using impedance measurements via HA, and in parallel, a differential blood count of white blood cells (WBC) was performed using imaging-based flow cytometry. Lymphocytes and granulocytes were differentiated using CD15, CD3, and CD19 markers, by their different side scatter, and by their size in brightfield mode. In addition, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were monitored using a live-cell imaging system equipped with image acquisition and cell size measurement. The HA indicated a discrete increase in the lymphocyte fraction when blood counts were performed 24 h after irradiation, whereas at earlier time points, all WBC fractions remained comparable between both methods. These findings demonstrate that morphological changes in WBC do not impair the ability of the device to distinguish granulocytes from lymphocytes, provided that measurements are performed promptly. However, after 24 h, a reduction in cell size, due to delayed handling of the samples, resulted in an artificial increase in the lymphocyte fraction, potentially masking the lymphocyte depletion characteristic of H-ARS. Thus, timely sample processing when using a HA is essential to ensure diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":"206 2","pages":"106-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148760018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of LET on Low-dose Radiation Responses: Signatures of Hyper-radiosensitivity after High-LET Irradiation.","authors":"K Sennhenn, S Polgár, A Loewer, B Madas, T Friedrich","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00194","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-00194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyper-radiosensitivity refers to increased cellular sensitivity at low doses of ionizing radiation and is not accurately captured by classical radiobiological models. While predominantly studied in the context of low-LET radiation, such as photons, its behavior under high-LET conditions remains less well characterized. In this work, we introduce an analytical formulation of the minimum mutation load (MML) model. This model explains hyper-radiosensitivity and induced radioresistance as a self-protective tissue strategy that minimizes long-term mutational burden by selectively eliminating heavily damaged cells. Overall cell survival can then be modeled as the product of two independent mechanisms: conventional radiation-induced cell killing, described by the linear-quadratic (LQ) model, and programmed cell death, governed by mutation load minimization, as captured by the MML framework. To extend the model to high-LET radiation, we integrate the local effect model (LEM), which predicts the LET dependence of both cell survival and mutation induction. This combined approach is applied to a curated dataset of 93 experimental survival curves and validated against ion irradiation data for helium and carbon ions. A key result is the progressive compression of hyper-radiosensitivity and induced radioresistance with increasing LET, where the characteristic transition from increased to decreased cell survival at low doses shifts to an initial steeper decline in survival without recovery. Because low-dose ion irradiation data remain scarce, we discuss the model assumptions considering corresponding biological evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"472-483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality among U.S. Industrial Radiographers Exposed to Ionizing Radiation, 1969-2019.","authors":"John D Boice, Sarah S Cohen, Michael T Mumma, Linda Walsh, Derek A Hagemeyer, Robert C Yoder, Lawrence T Dauer","doi":"10.1667/RADE-23-00112.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-23-00112.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A cohort mortality study was conducted of 123,401 industrial radiographers in the United States to estimate risks following protracted radiation exposures. The cohort was constructed from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Radiation Exposure Information Reporting System and the Landauer, Inc. dosimetry databases. Workers were monitored between 1939 and 2011 and were exposed mainly to external gamma radiation from 192Ir and 60Co. Causes of death were obtained from the National Death Index and state mortality files with follow-up through 2019. The mean duration of follow-up was 27.7 years. Nearly 19% of workers were monitored for more than 10 years. There were 30,617 (24.8%) who worked at shipyards and 5,071 (4.1%) at nuclear power plants with the potential for asbestos exposure. The mean radiation dose to the red bone marrow (RBM) was 15.2 mGy (maximum 1.24 Gy; percent >100 mGy was 3.6%), 17.2 mGy to lung, 18.1 mGy to colon, 11.9 mGy to brain, and 18.1 mGy to heart. Overall, 30,560 deaths occurred; the Standardized Mortality Ratio and 95% confidence interval for all-cause mortality was 0.92 95% CI (0.91, 0.93); for all solid cancers 1.01 (0.99, 1.03; n = 7,734); for ischemic heart disease (IHD) 0.83 (0.81, 0.85; n = 5,820); for cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) 0.88 (0.83, 0.93; n = 1,257); for mesothelioma 6.08 (5.35, 6.89; n = 248); and for asbestosis 13.4 (11.2, 15.9; n = 134). The Cox linear excess relative risk (ERR) per 100 mGy (95% CI) for leukemia (excluding CLL) was 0.45 (0.05, 0.85) and for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) was 0.33 (0.04, 0.62). For all solid cancers it was 0.06 (0.02, 0.10); lung cancer 0.11 (0.04, 0.19); all solid cancers excluding lung cancer and mesothelioma 0.02 (-0.03, 0.07); Parkinson's disease 0.24 (-0.13, 0.61); IHD -0.03 (-0.06, 0.01); and CeVD 0.05 (-0.08, 0.17). The ERR per 100 mGy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was 0.19 (0.08, 0.30) and was similar in magnitude to that for lung cancer. This finding suggests that residual confounding by smoking may have influenced the results, warranting cautious interpretations. No significant association was found between cumulative radiation exposure and all solid cancers after excluding lung cancer and mesothelioma, nor for IHD or CeVD. The marginally non-significant increased risk of Parkinson's disease, also seen in other Million Person Study cohorts, requires further investigation. Early workers monitored entirely before 1979 had the same linear ERR per 100 mGy for solid cancers [0.06 (0.00, 0.12) n = 3,587] as for all other more contemporary workers monitored after 1978 [0.07 (0.01,0.13) n = 4,150]. This report provides convincing evidence that low-dose and low-dose-rate exposures over time significantly increases the risk of leukemia (excluding CLL) following cumulative doses up to 200 mGy while also providing information on early versus contemporary workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"336-365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}