Radiation research最新文献

{"title":"A Call for Curriculum Development to Prepare Medical Students and Residents to Assist with Mass Casualties after a Catastrophic Radiological or Nuclear Incident.","authors":"Joseph R Dynlacht, Paul M Wallach, Thomas Chenworth, Daniel J Blumenthal","doi":"10.1667/RADE-23-000259.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-23-000259.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":"202 3","pages":"599-604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selecting the Most Relevant Mouse Strains for Evaluating Radiation-Induced Multiple Tissue Injury after Leg-Shielded Partial-Body Gamma Irradiation.","authors":"Julian D Down, Milton R Cornwall-Brady, Wei Huang, Martina Hurwitz, Scott R Floyd, Omer H Yilmaz","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00058.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00058.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal studies are needed that best simulate a large-scale, inhomogeneous body exposure after a radiological or nuclear incident and that provides a platform for future development of medical countermeasures. A partial-body irradiation (PBI) model using 137Cs gamma rays with hind limb (tibia) shielding was developed and assessed for the sequalae of radiation injuries to gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow (BM) and lung and among different genetic mouse strains (C57BL/6J, C57L/J, CBA/J and FVB/NJ). In this case, a marginal level of BM shielding (∼2%) provided adequate protection against lethality from infection and hemorrhage and enabled escalation of radiation doses with evaluation of both acute and delayed radiation syndromes. A steep radiation dose-dependent body weight loss was observed over the first 5 days attributed to enteritis with C57BL/6J mice appearing to be the most sensitive strain. Peripheral blood cell analysis revealed significant depression and recovery of leukocytes and platelets over the first month after PBI and were comparable among the four different mouse strains. Latent pulmonary injury was observed on micro-CT imaging at 4 months in C57L/J mice and confirmed histologically as severe pneumonitis that was lethal at 12 Gy. The lethality and radiological densitometry (HUs) dose responses were comparable to previous studies on C57L/J mice after total-body irradiation (TBI) and BM transplant rescue as well as after localized whole-thorax irradiation (WTI). Indeed, the lethal radiation doses and latency appeared similar for pneumonitis appearing in rhesus macaques after WTI or PBI as well as predicted for patients given systemic radiotherapy. In contrast, PBI treatment of C57BL/6 mice at a higher dose of 14 Gy had far longer survival times and developed extreme and debilitating pIeural effusions; an anomaly as similarly reported in previous thorax irradiation studies on this mouse strain. In summary, a radiation exposure model that delivers PBI to unanesthetized mice in a device that provides consistent shielding of the hind limb BM was developed for 137Cs gamma rays with physical characteristics and relevance to relatively high photon energies expected from the detonation of a nuclear device or accidental release of ionizing radiation. Standard strains such as C57BL/6J mice may be used reliably for early GI or hematological radiation syndromes while the C57L/J mouse strain stands out as the most appropriate for evaluating the delayed pulmonary effects of acute radiation exposure and recapitulating this disease in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"510-522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141767150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers for Radiation Biodosimetry and Correlation with Hematopoietic Injury in a Humanized Mouse Model.","authors":"Qi Wang, Bezalel A Bacon, Maria Taveras, Michelle A Phillippi, Xuefeng Wu, Constantinos G Broustas, Igor Shuryak, Helen C Turner","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00049.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00049.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After a large-scale radiological or nuclear event, hundreds of thousands of people may be exposed to ionizing radiation and require subsequent medical management. Acute exposure to moderate doses (2-6 Gy) of radiation can lead to the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome, in which the bone marrow (BM) is severely compromised, and severe hemorrhage and infection are common. Previously, we have developed a panel of intracellular protein markers (FDXR, ACTN1, DDB2, BAX, p53 and TSPYL2), designed to reconstruct absorbed radiation dose from human peripheral blood (PB) leukocyte samples in humanized mice up to 3 days after exposure. The objective of this work was to continue to use the humanized mouse model to evaluate biomarker dose-/time- kinetics in human PB leukocytes in vivo, at an earlier (day 2) and later (day 7) time point, after exposure to total-body irradiation (TBI) doses of 0 to 2 Gy of X rays. In addition, to assess hematological sensitivity and radiation-induced injury, PB leukocyte cell counts, human BM hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) and progenitor cell [multipotent progenitor (MPP), common myeloid progenitor (CMP), granulocyte myeloid progenitor (GMP), megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitor (MEP) and multi-lymphoid progenitor (MLP)] levels were measured, and their correlation was also examined as the BM damages are difficult to assess by routine tests. Peripheral blood B-cells were significantly lower after TBI doses of 0.5 Gy on day 2 and 2 Gy on days 2 and 7; T-cells were significantly reduced only on day 2 after 2 Gy TBI. Bone marrow HSCs and MPP cells showed a dose-dependent depletion after irradiation with 0.5 Gy and 2 Gy on day 2, and after 1 Gy and 2 Gy on day 7. Circulating B cells correlated with HSCs, MPP and MLP cells on day 2, whereas T cells correlated with MPP, and myeloid cells correlated with MLP cells. On day 7, B cells correlated with MPP, CMP, GMP and MEP, while myeloid cells correlated with CMP, GMP and MEP. The intracellular leukocyte biomarkers were able to discriminate unirradiated and irradiated samples at different time points calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Using machine learning algorithm methods, combining ACTN1, p53, TSPYL2 and PB-T cell and PB-B cell counts served as a strong predictor (area under the ROC >0.8) to distinguish unirradiated and irradiated samples independent of the days after TBI. The results further validated our biomarker-based triage assay and additionally evaluated the radiation sensitivity of the hematopoietic system after TBI exposures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"541-551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative Biological Effectiveness of Carbon Ion Beams for Induction of Medulloblastoma with Radiation-specific Chromosome 13 Deletion in Ptch1+/- Mice.","authors":"Chizuru Tsuruoka, Mayumi Shinagawa, Yi Shang, Yoshiko Amasaki, Masaaki Sunaoshi, Tatsuhiko Imaoka, Takamitsu Morioka, Yoshiya Shimada, Shizuko Kakinuma","doi":"10.1667/RADE-23-00229.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-23-00229.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for pediatric cancer is currently limited because of the unknown risk of induction of secondary cancers. Medulloblastoma of Ptch1+/- mice offers a unique experimental system for radiation-induced carcinogenesis, in which tumors are classified into spontaneous and radiation-induced subtypes based on their features of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) that affect the wild-type Ptch1 allele. The present study aims to investigate in young Ptch1+/- mice the carcinogenic effect, and its age dependence, of the low-linear energy transfer (LET, ∼13 keV/µm) carbon ions, to which normal tissues in front of the tumor are exposed during therapy. We irradiated Ptch1+/- mice at postnatal day (P) 1, 4, or 10 with 290 MeV/u carbon ions (0.05-0.5 Gy; LET, 13 keV/µm) and monitored them for medulloblastoma development. Loss of heterozygosity of seven genetic markers on chromosome 13 (where Ptch1 resides) was studied to classify the tumors. Carbon ion exposure induced medulloblastoma most effectively at P1. The LOH patterns of tumors were either telomeric or interstitial, the latter occurring almost exclusively in the irradiated groups, allowing the use of interstitial LOH as a biomarker of radiation-induced tumors. Radiation-induced tumors developed during a narrow age window (most strongly at P1 and only moderately at P4, with suppressed tumorigenesis at P10). Calculated using previous results using 137Cs gamma rays, the values for relative biological effectiveness (RBE) regarding radiation-induced tumors were 4.1 (3.4, 4.8) and 4.3 (3.3, 5.2) (mean and 95% confidence interval) for exposure at P1 and 4, respectively. Thus, the RBE of carbon ions for medulloblastoma induction in Ptch1+/- mice was higher than the generally recognized RBE of 1-2 for cell killing, chromosome aberrations, and skin reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"503-509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating Impacts of p16 Status on Tumor Radiosensitivity in Head and Neck Cancer using Predictive Models.","authors":"Atsushi Kaida, Hitomi Nojima, Masahiko Miura","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00066.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00066.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intrinsic radiosensitivity index (RSI) and genomic-adjusted radiation dose (GARD) were reported to be able to predict the surviving fraction at 2 Gy and therapeutic effect when delivering actual treatment doses using the gene expression profiles of clinical cases. Given the impact of p16 status, a surrogate marker of the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, on radiosensitivity, we attempted to apply the RSI and GARD to estimate p16-associated radiosensitivity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). For this purpose, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was employed. In the GARD calculation, we assumed that p16-positive patients received 60 Gy in 30 fractions, while p16-negative patients received 70 Gy in 35 fractions. p16 positivity was associated with favorable characteristics compared to negative patients. The RSI and GARD analyses demonstrated increased radiosensitivity and high therapeutic effect in p16-positive patients, compared to p16-negative patients. Additionally, tumor microenvironmental conditions predicted by other models were also significantly affected by p16 status. Collectively, the models used in this study could be a promising tool for estimating p16-associated radiosensitivity in HNSC.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"605-609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EGO to ECO: Tracing the History of Radioecology from the 1950's to the Present Day.","authors":"Bruno F E Matarèse, Rhea Desai, Deborah H Oughton, Carmel Mothersill","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00035.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00035.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper starts with a brief history of the birth of the field of radioecology during the Cold War with a focus on US activity. We review the establishment of the international system for radiation protection and the science underlying the guidelines. We then discuss the famous ICRP 60 statement that if \"Man\" is protected, so is everything else and show how this led to a focus in radioecology on pathways to \"Man\" rather than concern about impacts on environments or ecosystems. We then review the contributions of Radiation Research Society members and papers published in Radiation Research which contributed to the knowledge base about effects on non-human species. These fed into international databases and computer-based tools such as ERICA and ResRad Biota to guide regulators. We then examine the origins of the concern that ICRP 60 is not sufficient to protect ecosystems and discuss the establishment of ICRP Committee 5 and its recommendations to establish reference animals and plants. The review finishes with current concerns that reference animals and plants (RAPs) are not sufficient to protect ecosystems, given the complexity of interacting factors such as the climate emergency and discusses the efforts of ICRP, the International Union of Radioecologists and other bodies to capture the concepts of ecosystem services and ecosystem complexity modelling in radioecology.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"273-288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141634331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Central Role of Cytogenetics in Radiation Biology.","authors":"Susan M Bailey, Stephen R Kunkel, Joel S Bedford, Michael N Cornforth","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00038.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00038.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation cytogenetics has a rich history seldom appreciated by those outside the field. Early radiobiology was dominated by physics and biophysical concepts that borrowed heavily from the study of radiation-induced chromosome aberrations. From such studies, quantitative relationships between biological effect and changes in absorbed dose, dose rate and ionization density were codified into key concepts of radiobiological theory that have persisted for nearly a century. This review aims to provide a historical perspective of some of these concepts, including evidence supporting the contention that chromosome aberrations underlie development of many, if not most, of the biological effects of concern for humans exposed to ionizing radiations including cancer induction, on the one hand, and tumor eradication on the other. The significance of discoveries originating from these studies has widened and extended far beyond their original scope. Chromosome structural rearrangements viewed in mitotic cells were first attributed to the production of breaks by the radiations during interphase, followed by the rejoining or mis-rejoining among ends of other nearby breaks. These relatively modest beginnings eventually led to the discovery and characterization of DNA repair of double-strand breaks by non-homologous end joining, whose importance to various biological processes is now widely appreciated. Two examples, among many, are V(D)J recombination and speciation. Rapid technological advancements in cytogenetics, the burgeoning fields of molecular radiobiology and third-generation sequencing served as a point of confluence between the old and new. As a result, the emergent field of \"cytogenomics\" now becomes uniquely positioned for the purpose of more fully understanding mechanisms underlying the biological effects of ionizing radiation exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"227-259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Radiation Genetics, Mutagenesis, Gap Junctions, Epigenetics, Stem Cells and an Integration of Radiation and Chemical Carcinogenesis.","authors":"James E Trosko","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00009.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00009.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"408-419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141284634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preface to Platinum Issue of Radiation Research.","authors":"Carmel Mothersill, Eleanor A Blakely","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-PLATI.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-PLATI.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Trends in the Study of the Relative Biological Effectiveness: A Bibliometric Study.","authors":"L Marignol, S J McMahon","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00023.1.S1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00023.1.S1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relative biological effectiveness is a mathematical quantity first defined in the 1950s. This has resulted in more than 4,000 scientific papers published to date. Yet defining the correct value of the RBE to use in clinical practice remains a challenge. A scientific analysis in the radiation research literature can provide an understanding of how this mathematical quantity has evolved. The purpose of this study is to investigate documents published since 1950 using bibliometric indicators and network visualization. This analysis seeks to provide an assessment of global research activities, key themes, and RBE research within the radiation-related field. It strives to highlight top-performing authors, organizations, and nations that have made major contributions to this research domain, as well as their interactions. The Scopus Collection was searched for articles and reviews pertaining to RBE in radiation research from 1950 through 2023. Scopus and Bibiometrix analytic tools were used to investigate the most productive countries, researchers, collaboration networks, journals, along with the citation analysis of references and keywords. A total of 4,632 documents were retrieved produced by authors originating from 71 countries. Publication trends could be separated in 20-year groupings beginning with slow accrual from 1950 to 1970, an early rise from 1970-1990, followed by a sharp increase in the years 1990s-2010s that matches the development of charged particle therapy in clinics worldwide and opened discussion on the true value of the RBE in proton beam therapy. Since the 2010s, a steady 200 papers, on average, have been published per year. The United States produced the most publications overall (N = 1,378) and Radiation Research was the most likely journal to have published articles related to the RBE (606 publications during this period). J. Debus was the most prolific author (112 contributions, with 2,900 citations). The RBE has captured the research interest of over 7,000 authors in the past decade alone. This study supports that notion that the growth of the body of evidence surrounding the RBE, which started 75 years ago, is far from reaching its end. Applications to medicine have continuously dominated the field, with physics competing with Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology for second place over the decades. Future research can be predicted to continue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"177-184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141451375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}