Reaktor Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.155-159

M. Muhaimin, Beta Wulan Febriana, Septian Arfan

引用次数: 2

The Influence of Foaming Agent and Cake Thickness on the Drying Process Tomatoes Using a Tray Dryer 发泡剂和蛋糕厚度对托盘式干燥机干燥过程番茄的影响

Reaktor Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.143-148

Tri Hariyadi, H. Santoso, Judy Retti Witono

{"title":"The Influence of Foaming Agent and Cake Thickness on the Drying Process Tomatoes Using a Tray Dryer","authors":"Tri Hariyadi, H. Santoso, Judy Retti Witono","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.143-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.143-148","url":null,"abstract":"Moisture content of tomato (Licopersicon esculentum Mill.) is very high, so easily damaged due to physical impact, enzyme and microbes activity. Further processing is necessary in order to improve shelf life, one way is drying method. This work studied the effect of foaming agent and cake thickness in tomato drying using tray dryer at various temperatures. Foaming agent is used to convert the material into foam, so that the drying temperature can be set relatively low to preserves color, aroma and nutrient composition of the material. The tray dryer is used, because it is simple and the operation cost is relatively cheap. In this work, tomatoes were sliced, crushed for 10 minutes using blender, separated from the seeds and residues with a 60 mesh sieve, and then mixed with dextrin and foaming agent Tween 80 each by 5% weight respectively. Each mixture was blended for 10 minutes. The tray dryer was filled with hot air at 2.0 m/sec with temperature variation of 40, 50, 60 and 70ºC and cake thickness variation of 2 and 4 mm. The results obtained, drying at 50° C is faster than 40º C, while 50 to 70º C is relatively the same. The thicker the cake, the slower the drying time. Performance of foaming agent Tween 80 compared to chemical foaming agent is a natural egg white powder. Drying with a foaming agent Tween 80 faster than egg white powder. Keywords: cake thickness; foaming agent; tomato; tray dryer","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79429972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Purified with Activated Charcoal of Salak Peel 用沙枣皮活性炭纯化废食用油制备生物柴油

Reaktor Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.149-154

L. Buchori, Dinda Labibah Ubay, K. Syahidah

引用次数: 4

Back Matter 回到问题

Reaktor Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.18.03.xxx-xxx

W. Widayat

引用次数: 0

Kinetic Study and Optimization of the Most Influential Factor on Batch-Extraction of Gingerol from Fresh Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Rhizomes by Using n-Hexane as a Solvent 以正己烷为溶剂分批提取鲜姜根茎中姜辣素的动力学研究及影响因素优化

Reaktor Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.136-142

Margaretha Praba Aulia, F. Pradhita, A. C. Kumoro, M. Christwardana, H. Hargono

{"title":"Kinetic Study and Optimization of the Most Influential Factor on Batch-Extraction of Gingerol from Fresh Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Rhizomes by Using n-Hexane as a Solvent","authors":"Margaretha Praba Aulia, F. Pradhita, A. C. Kumoro, M. Christwardana, H. Hargono","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.136-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.136-142","url":null,"abstract":"A solvent extraction of 6- gingerol from fresh ginger rhizome chips using n-hexane has been successfully carried out. This study aimed to investigate the effects of temperature, feed size, and feed mass on the yield of gingerol, to observe the kinetics of gingerol extraction process using n-hexane as a solvent, to find the most influential parameters in the gingerol extraction process and to determine the optimum conditions of the gingerol extraction process. The experiment was carried out for 60 minutes using two feed mass ( 50 and 75 g), two temperature (60 and 70 oC) and two chips sizes (100 and 25 mm3) using 350 mL n-hexane. The second-order kinetics model was used to study the extraction kinetic parameters. The quick method was used to evaluate the most influential extraction parameters with respect to the yield of gingerol. Feed mass was found to be the most influential parameter in the gingerol extraction process. The optimum extraction conditions were found to be at 60 °C, ginger rhizome chips with 25 mm size3, feed mass was 109.7g and 350 mL n-hexane, which resulted in crude extract with gingerol content of 517.11 ppm. ","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86180423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

EFFECT OF VARIATION OF MIXTURE LEACHATE WITH FLUID IN CATTLE RUMEN FORMATION OF BIOGAS 混合渗滤液变化对牛瘤胃形成沼气的影响

Reaktor Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.171-175

E. Sarwono, Rika Endata, Budi Nining Widarti

{"title":"EFFECT OF VARIATION OF MIXTURE LEACHATE WITH FLUID IN CATTLE RUMEN FORMATION OF BIOGAS","authors":"E. Sarwono, Rika Endata, Budi Nining Widarti","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.171-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.171-175","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Composting in addition to producing fertilizers also produce leachate containing organic material, the leachate can pollute the environment if not managed properly. This study uses leachate as the main substance of biogas, mixed with cattle rumen fluid as the biostarter. This study aims to determine the optimal composition of biogas and to determine the effect of variations in the raw material mixture to the volume of biogas, volatile solid, temperature, pH, and flame. The study was conducted over 43 days using three types of batch digester with a capacity of 27 L. Comparison of a mixture consisting of leachate composting organic waste with cattle rumen fluid in each digester with variations in material composition of the mixture of 70%: 30%, 50%: 50%, 100%: 0%. During the study was observed it the volume of biogas daily, daily pH, temperature daily, weekly flame test and volatile solid test every 10 days. The volume of biogas using the principle of cylinder volume and volatile solid test using USEPA 1684 method. The results show the variation of 70%:30%, which resulted in a final volume of 2.78 L of gas, as well as a decrease in the volatile solid 23.29%, 12.82% increase in the pH. In a variation of 50%:50% produces a final volume of gas that is 0.537 L, as well as a decrease in volatile solid 42.35%, 12.82% increase in the pH. Variations 100%:0% produces a final volume of gas that is 1,247 L, a decrease in volatile solid 21.83%, 5.19% increase in the pH. All three digesters are at mesophilic temperatures and produce blue flame. Based on the results of this study concluded that the composition of the mixture that are in the most optimal is composition of 70%:30%. Keywords : biogas, rumen fluid beef, lindi organic waste composting","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73543281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Removal of COD & NH3 from Produced Water using Modified Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands (HSCW) 改良水平潜流人工湿地去除采出水中COD和NH3的研究

Reaktor Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.166-170

A. Effendi, Regi Risman Sandi

{"title":"Removal of COD & NH3 from Produced Water using Modified Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands (HSCW)","authors":"A. Effendi, Regi Risman Sandi","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.166-170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.166-170","url":null,"abstract":"It is very common that COD and NH3 are found in Produced Water with elevated concentration. One proven technology that is capable in removing organic substances and nutrients, is Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland (HSCW). Based on characterization of produced water from one oil field in Indonesia, it was shown that COD and NH3 were found to exceed the threshold limit stated in Ministry of Environmental Decree no. 19 Year 2010. Modified HSCWs were developed in order to treat produced water containing high concentration of COD and NH3 and allowing anaerobic process to occur in the reactor. The HSCWs were planted by three different species; they were Sagittaria palaefolia (Jasmine Water), Scirpus grossus (Mensiang), and Typha latifolia (Walingi). Organic loading rates (OLRs) to the HSCWs reactor were varied from 7.2 to 72 gr COD/m2.day. It was found that HSCW planted with Typha latifolia had the highest removal efficiency for both COD and NH3 when the OLR was set at 14.4 gr COD/m2.day. Anaerobic bacteria were found in high number indicating that these bacteria involved actively in removing pollutants containing in produced water. However, further microbiology study should be performed in order to determine the role of anaerobic bacteria.","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74758773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IMPROVEMENT OF BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION BY USING Saccharomyces cerevisiae [Meyen ex E.C. Hansen] IMMOBILIZED ON PRETREATED SUGARCANE BAGASSE 固定化酿酒酵母在预处理甘蔗渣上生产生物乙醇的研究[j]

Reaktor Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.18.2.108-112

S. Anita, W. Mangunwardoyo, Yopi Yopi

引用次数: 1

Hydrogen Sulfide Removal from Biogas Using Digester Effluent Absorbent in a Continuous Vertical Column 利用连续垂直塔式沼液吸收剂去除沼气中的硫化氢

Reaktor Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.18.03.160-165

S. H. Pranolo, P. Paryanto, Margono Margono, Bachtiar Rizaldy, Hendrix Yansah

引用次数: 1

DEALUMINATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZSM - 5 AS CATALYST FOR GLYCEROL CONVERSION TO GLYCEROL MONOLAURATE ZSM - 5作为甘油转化为单月桂酸甘油催化剂的脱铝及表征

Reaktor Pub Date : 2018-08-24 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.18.2.110-116

D. Anggoro, Riko Rikardo Putra, Herawati Oktaviani, Lutfi Af’idatul Kamilah, F. Chamdani

{"title":"DEALUMINATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZSM - 5 AS CATALYST FOR GLYCEROL CONVERSION TO GLYCEROL MONOLAURATE","authors":"D. Anggoro, Riko Rikardo Putra, Herawati Oktaviani, Lutfi Af’idatul Kamilah, F. Chamdani","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.18.2.110-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.18.2.110-116","url":null,"abstract":"Glycerol Monolaurate (GML) is a naturally occurring fatty acid widely utilized in food, cosmetics, andhomeopathic supplements. Glycerol is a compound glycerides, a byproduct of biodiesel production from the transesterification process. Glycerol is converted to glycerol derivative product that has more value as Glycerol Monolaurate (GML).GML is a naturally occurring fatty acid widely utilized in food, cosmetics, andhomeopathic supplements.One of the catalyst that had beenused is ZSM-5. Dealumination is used to change the acidity of the zeolite. This study consists of several stages, there are dealumination of zeolite ZSM-5 using H2SO4, drying at 110 ° C for 1 hour, Then calcination at a temperature of 550 ° C for 4 hours. Characterization catalyst to testing the acidity of the catalyst by absorption of ammonia and pyridine. Acidity of Zeolite is expressed in the mmol of ammonia or pyridine per gram of catalyst. Synthesis of monolaurate with dealuminated result are performed by GC-MS analysis, it’s to determine the molecular weight and to show a purity of Glycerol Monolaurate. Testing results obtained in the optimum conditions at dealumination temperature and dealumination time respectively are 40-60 0C and 2-5 hours. The dealumination variables are acid concentration, temperature and time of dealumination affecting ZSM-5 acidity and % yield of GML. The acidity affecting the yield% of Glycerol monolaurate produced Keywords :Glycerol, Glycerol Monolaurate, dealumination, ZSM - 5.","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74765270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

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