New Mexico Geological Society, 2023 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume, Theme: "Geological responses to wildfires"最新文献

{"title":"From the Laramide to Now: Mapping the Tectonic Evolution of Central New Mexico in the Northern Fra Cristobal Range","authors":"K. Gallant, V. Prush","doi":"10.56577/sm-2023.2949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56577/sm-2023.2949","url":null,"abstract":"The Fra Cristobal range is a north-south oriented horst block situated between the San Marcial and Engle basins to the west and the Jornada del Muerto basin to the east. Towards the southern part of the range, Precambrian basement rocks (~1.5 Ga granites; Condie, 1981) are overlain by the Phanerozoic section of central New Mexico, including syn-Laramide Love Ranch basin fill (Seager et al., 1997). Within our study region at the northernmost point of the range, the Phanerozoic section has been stripped and the Precambrian basement is in contact with the Cretaceous McRae formation, resulting in 7000 ft (~2100 m) of eroded stratigraphy. Previous authors have interpreted this contact relationship as either depositional or due to normal fault offset (McCleary, 1960; Nelson, 1986). We use high-resolution (1:5000) geologic mapping to reexamine this contact relationship. Mapping efforts reveal: i) volcanic tuffs and previously unrecognized limestones, ii) a silicate geothermal system that has hydrothermally altered much of the lithology, and iii) a stratigraphic relationship that implies thick-skinned thrusting of Precambrian basement over Paleozoic(?) sedimentary rocks. Our results suggest that previous models for the development of the northern Fra Cristobal range may not capture its true structural complexity. We hypothesize that the thick-skinned thrust fault formed during the Laramide orogeny (~75 Ma; Seager et al., 1997). The volcanic tuff was emplaced after cessation of thrust faulting, followed by deposition of syn-Laramide McRae formation. Hydrothermal alteration followed McRae deposition. Regional thermochronological constraints (e.g. Gavel et al., 2021) and a close association with local mineralized fault planes suggest that hydrothermal alteration occurred during Rio Grande rift extension.","PeriodicalId":208607,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geological Society, 2023 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume, Theme: \"Geological responses to wildfires\"","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131244977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking REE formation with fluid inclusions from the Gallinas Mountains, NM","authors":"Teagan Skinner, N. Hurtig, A. Gysi, V. McLemore","doi":"10.56577/sm-2023.2940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56577/sm-2023.2940","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":208607,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geological Society, 2023 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume, Theme: \"Geological responses to wildfires\"","volume":"414 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116522475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plagioclase Mineral Chemistry of Basalt Rocks from the Black Mountain-Santo Thomas Chain in the Potrillo Volcanic Field","authors":"T. Domínguez, J. Thines","doi":"10.56577/sm-2023.2929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56577/sm-2023.2929","url":null,"abstract":"In his 1971 study, Hoffer offered two hypotheses (1) the magma which erupted from the Black Mountain-Santo Thomas chain originated from the same source, and (2) after crystallization, olivine and plagioclase crystals had enough time to sit in the melt and separate with olivine settling and plagioclase floating before eruption. The Black Mountain-Santo Thomas Chain is a series of cinder cones and flows in the Potrillo Volcanic Field which includes Black Mountain, Little Black Mountain, San Miguel, and Santo Thomas. These cinder cones and flows are isolated from the rest of the Potrillo Volcanic Field, at about 13 km away from the nearest Potrillo Volcanic Field vents and other closely spaced cones. Minimal research has been conducted on this suite of cinder cones and flows, thus their relationship to each other and to the rest of the Potrillo Volcanic Field is poorly constrained. We collected samples from Black Mountain, Little Black Mountain, and Santo Thomas to analyze the plagioclase mineral chemistry and assess the mineral-melt equilibria. This strategy is two-fold: (1) analyzing the mineral chemistry of these two minerals provides information about the magma source, and (2) this new data will be compared to existing mineral data from the rest of the Potrillo Volcanic Field. Feldspar crystals separated from two samples at each location were analyzed using an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) from the University of Iowa. The anorthite contents of the plagioclase minerals range from An 56 to An 76 . While the existing feldspar mineral chemistry dataset is very sparse for the Potrillo Volcanic Field, these anorthite contents are very different from the existing range of An 27 to An 48 . Occasional reversed zonation observed in the plagioclase reflects a changing composition as the magma cooled before eruption and could suggest a recharge event or the incorporation of xenocrysts prior to eruption. The data was plotted against a feldspar equilibrium curve on a Rhodes Diagram. The diagram shows most of the plagioclase","PeriodicalId":208607,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geological Society, 2023 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume, Theme: \"Geological responses to wildfires\"","volume":"08 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127217307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ammonites of the Upper Cretaceous Twowells Member of the Dakota Sandstone, Ojito Wilderness Area, Sandoval County, New Mexico","authors":"P. T. May, S. Lucas","doi":"10.56577/sm-2023.2883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56577/sm-2023.2883","url":null,"abstract":"The BLM Ojito Wilderness Area in southern Sandoval County, New Mexico, is located in the southeastern San Juan Basin. Most of the strata exposed in the Ojito are of Jurassic age, but its western third exposes outcrops of the intertongued Dakota-Mancos succession of early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) age. At the top of this succession is the Twowells Member of the Dakota Sandstone, a thin (1-4 m thick) unit of laminar or bioturbated sandstone that yields ammonites of the upper Cenomanian Calycoceras canitaurinum Zone. Since W.A. Cobban’s 1977 work on the Dakota-Mancos molluscan fauna of west-central New Mexico, no new taxa of mollusks have been reported from the Twowells Member. A recent survey of the Cretaceous strata of the BLM Ojito Wilderness Area produced an impressive molluscan assemblage from the middle Cenomanian, most of it from the Paguate Member of the Dakota Sandstone and the Clay Mesa Member of the Mancos Shale. It also yielded ammonites and other fossils (bivalves, shark teeth) from 16 localities in the Twowells Member over a 5 km outcrop belt along the western boundary of the Ojito Wilderness Area (NMMNH [New Mexico Museum of Natural History] localities 12749-12752, 12755-12760, 12762, 12786-12788, 12790, and 12820). Here, the Twowells Member is a persistent, yellowish-gray glauconitic sandstone bed that overlies a narrow band of the Whitewater Arroyo Member of the Mancos Shale. Within the crossbedded, fossiliferous coarse-grained sandstone are lenses of lag with coquina, shark teeth, pebbles, and occasional bone fragments. The Twowells Member assemblage of ammonites recovered consists of","PeriodicalId":208607,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geological Society, 2023 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume, Theme: \"Geological responses to wildfires\"","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114776807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying U-Pb Detrital Zircon Geochronology to Constrain Oligocene-Miocene closed-basin Rio Grande Rift sedimentation in the Palomas and Jornada del Muerto Basins, Southern New Mexico","authors":"E. Schneider, B. Hampton","doi":"10.56577/sm-2023.2950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56577/sm-2023.2950","url":null,"abstract":"Latest Oligocene–Miocene synorogenic strata of the Hayner Ranch and Rincon Valley formations preserve the early rift history of closed-basin sedimentation in southern New Mexico and crop out along the modern Rio Grande rift (RGR) margin in the Palomas and Jornada del Muerto basins. The RGR preserves a near-continuous record of volcanism and sedimentation from late Eocene–Present, and although a considerable amount of previous work has focused on documenting the onset, extent, and geochemistry of Eocene–Oligocene volcanism during the early stages of the RGR, very little is known about provenance, drainage development, and sediment dispersal during the latest Oligocene–Miocene. Given the unique distribution of bedrock source areas that have been exposed as a result of rift deformation (e.g., Cenozoic volcanic fields, recycled Paleozoic–Mesozoic stratigraphy of the Colorado plateau, and Precambrian basement sources), southern New Mexico is an excellent natural laboratory to carry out this project. Presented here are N=7 new detrital zircon samples representing 972 new U-Pb ages from the Hayner Ranch Formation and 604 new U-Pb ages from the Rincon Valley Formations (1576 new U-Pb ages total from both units). The basal Hayner Ranch Formation contains one primary peak age at 28 Ma and secondary peak ages at 47 and 36 Ma with isolated ages occurring between 225-150, and 95-55 Ma. In addition to these Phanerozoic ages, the Hayner Ranch also has rare, isolated Precambrian grains that fall between 1500-1400 Ma. The overlying Rincon Valley Formation has one primary peak age at 36 Ma and secondary peak ages at 167, 97, and 49 Ma with isolated age occurrences at 550, 400, and 225 Ma. Precambrian age occurrences","PeriodicalId":208607,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geological Society, 2023 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume, Theme: \"Geological responses to wildfires\"","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133601740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Permian tetrapod fossils reworked into the Eocene Baca Formation northeast of Socorro, New Mexico: resolving a forgotten discrepancy in the work of N. H. Darton","authors":"A. Hunt, S. Harris, P. T. May, S. Lucas","doi":"10.56577/sm-2023.2881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56577/sm-2023.2881","url":null,"abstract":"In 1928, N. H. Darton reported tetrapod fossils collected by E. C. Case in the bank of the Arroyo de la Parida east of Socorro in central New Mexico. Although Case had earlier, in 1916, identified these bones as representing taxa of “Permo-Carboniferous” age, Darton concluded that they came from Triassic strata and thus must be reworked. Here, we resolve the evident contradiction—Permian bones in supposed Triassic strata—by demonstrating that Darton erred in his stratigraphy but was correct that the bones were reworked. Darton (1928) provided three kinds of information about the fossil locality that made relocating it possible: (1) he stated that “the bones were mainly in a conglomerate of dark red pebbles, lying on green, blue, and drab shales in the bank of the Arroyo de la Parida at a point not far below the mouth of Canyoncito Colorado….” (2) Darton published a photograph of the fossil site, and, though a century of erosion has modified the landscape, the location can still be recognized; and (3) Darton published a reconnaissance geologic map of part of central New Mexico that shows a Triassic outcrop along the Arroyo de la Parida that encompasses the location described and photographed. The vertebrate fossils from the site are in the collection of the University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, where Case was a professor. They include the proximal end of a rib of a diadectid; a complete femur pertaining to the temnospondyl Eryops ; and various specimens either pertaining to the eupelycosaur Sphenacodon (a femur; a fragment of jaw), or possibly pertaining to the genus (the distal end of a scapula; the distal","PeriodicalId":208607,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geological Society, 2023 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume, Theme: \"Geological responses to wildfires\"","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131379492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cryptic Miocene Occurrence of an Ultramafic Dike in the Interior of the San Juan Basin: Composition, Age, and Tectonic Interpretations","authors":"Jon M. Krupnick, K. Hobbs, Luke Martin","doi":"10.56577/sm-2023.2912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56577/sm-2023.2912","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":208607,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geological Society, 2023 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume, Theme: \"Geological responses to wildfires\"","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130093181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microtextural relationships of Arsenide Five-Element Veins in the Black Hawk District, Grant County, New Mexico","authors":"Zohreh Kazemi Motlagh, William X. Ch�vez, V. McLemore, Evan J. Owen, Jakob Newcomer","doi":"10.56577/sm-2023.2943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56577/sm-2023.2943","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":208607,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geological Society, 2023 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume, Theme: \"Geological responses to wildfires\"","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127046355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Calm Before the Volcanic Storm","authors":"M. Zimmerer, P. Lipman, N. Meszaros","doi":"10.56577/sm-2023.2937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56577/sm-2023.2937","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":208607,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geological Society, 2023 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume, Theme: \"Geological responses to wildfires\"","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115664872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restore: Addressing decade-long water issues in the Navajo Nation","authors":"Darlene Wilson, A. RoyChowdhury, B. Frey, Jianjia Yu","doi":"10.56577/sm-2023.2956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56577/sm-2023.2956","url":null,"abstract":"A significant shortage of fresh water is a big challenge throughout the Navajo Nation. Currently, more than 30% of homes lack access to safe and drinkable water. Livestock in the Navajo Nation mainly rely on windmill-pumped groundwater in which naturally elevated arsenic and uranium pose a serious threat to the animals’ well-being. The possibility of residual arsenic and uranium in the animal meat and dairy products is an additional risk to humans. To address these challenges, we developed an innovative desalination technology for water remediation using cross-linked polyvinylidene fluoride (CPVDF) hollow-fiber membranes. Laboratory results show salt rejection of >99.9% and > 30 kg/(m 2 ·h) water flux in desalination of brine and groundwater samples from the Navajo Nation. Further, there was no arsenic or uranium detected in the recovered product water. The high specific surface area (>1,000 m 2 /m 3 ) of the hollow fiber membrane reduces the footprint of the technology and allows the technology to be easily integrated within a portable skid-mounted system that can be installed at any windmill wellhead for the production of high-quality (TDS<150 mg/L) water free of toxic metals. A team from Navajo Technical University (NTU) and New Mexico Tech (NMT) proposes the NTU-NMT Navajo Nation Water Purification Project (N 4 WPP) to install these units at remote locations within the Navajo Nation in partnership with Navajo Nation chapter houses. The research involved the collection of water quality samples from local water wells within the Navajo Nation. The wells of interest are those that have the lowest quality water, to effectively test the filtration system. Once wells of interest are identified, the filtration system will be put into place and will be tested for water quality by the students at NTU. The regular data collection will help determine if the filtration system is effective and producing clean water. The overall goal of this project is to reach water quality healthy enough for livestock consumption, as well as human consumption","PeriodicalId":208607,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geological Society, 2023 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume, Theme: \"Geological responses to wildfires\"","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125606796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}