Psychoneuroendocrinology最新文献

{"title":"The role of prenatal perceived stress and hair cortisol as they relate to toddler socioemotional outcomes over the first three years.","authors":"Jennifer E Khoury, Lauren Giles, Leslie Atkinson, Andrea Gonzalez","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prenatal maternal psychological distress and physiological stress (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal [HPA] activity) can negative impact early child development. Research rarely examines the combined or interactive role of prenatal perceived stress and HPA activity on child outcomes. The current longitudinal study examined how prenatal distress and HPA activity impacted child socioemotional functioning from age 1-3. This sample (n=148) was followed from pregnancy, 15-, 24- and 35-months postpartum. During pregnancy, mothers reported their levels of perceived stress and hair samples were collected, reflecting cortisol secretion in the past 3 months. At each postpartum timepoint, mothers reported toddler socioemotional functioning using the Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment. Multivariate regression results indicated that higher maternal perceived stress interacted with higher hair cortisol levels in association with greater socioemotional problems at 15 and 24 months. In addition, there was a main effect of higher prenatal perceived stress in relation to greater socioemotional problems at 36 months. Exploratory sex-specific moderation analyses indicated that sex interacted with hair cortisol, such that higher levels of prenatal cortisol were associated greater behaviour problems and lower socioemotional competence for females compared to males at 24-months. Findings indicated the importance of examining both physiological stress and psychological stress in pregnancy, as they interact to impact child socioemotional development. Findings also highlight sex-specific prenatal effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"172 ","pages":"107251"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142780758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability in perinatal sleep quality is associated with an atypical cortisol awakening response and increased mood symptoms.","authors":"Michele L Okun, Suzanne Segerstrom, Susan Jackman, Kharah Ross, Christine Dunkel Schetter, Mary Coussons-Read","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pregnancy is often typified with a decrease in sleep quality, which for many women, progressively worsens across gestation and into the postpartum. A mechanism linking poor sleep with certain adverse pregnancy outcomes is dysregulation of the HPA axis resulting in atypically elevated cortisol production. While total cortisol output normally increases across pregnancy, the cortisol awakening response (CAR), a response to waking up, is influenced by factors such as stress and mood. It attenuates as pregnancy progresses, with normalization in the first weeks after delivery. The goals of the present study were to (1) assess the temporal relationship between sleep quality and cortisol indices across the perinatal period; (2) evaluate whether sleep quality was associated with postpartum mood; and (3) assess whether cortisol mediated these associations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were collected as part of the Healthy Babies Before Birth (HB3) study. Sleep quality, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and cortisol from four time-points (8-16 weeks gestation, 30-36 weeks gestation, 6 months postpartum, and 1-year postpartum) were assessed. Participants (N = 223) who had sleep quality (PSQI) and cortisol data from at least 1 of 4 time-points were included in analyses. Three salivary cortisol indices were calculated: cortisol awakening response (CAR), diurnal slope, and area under the curve (AUC). Multi-level models were run to predict cortisol parameters based on deviations and typical maternal sleep quality at each wave as well as mood outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multilevel (time, wave, and person) modeling indicated that sleep quality was not associated with any of the cortisol indices, and none significantly varied across time. However, when PSQI scores were higher than the woman's own mean sleep quality, the CAR slope was steeper (+1 point in PSQI, γ=0.18), and when PSQI scores were lower than mean, the CAR slope was flatter (-1 point, γ=0.11). Poorer sleep quality was associated with greater depression severity (γ = 0.367) and anxiety symptoms (γ = 0.120). Cortisol did not mediate the relationship between sleep quality and depression symptoms.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Increases in PSQI scores, but not higher mean PSQI scores, were associated with a larger CAR. There was no association between sleep quality and the diurnal slope or AUC. These data suggest that variability in sleep quality is significantly associated with the amount of cortisol secreted upon awakening.</p>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"172 ","pages":"107248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142780763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific differences in the relationship between thyroid hormones and neurocognition in schizophrenia: A large-scale cross-sectional study","authors":"Junhao Chen ,&nbsp;Hongmin Ge ,&nbsp;Nannan Liu ,&nbsp;Yanzhe Li ,&nbsp;Yeqing Dong ,&nbsp;Xinxu Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Xun ,&nbsp;Shen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sex differences in thyroid hormones, cognitive function, and psychiatric symptoms in schizophrenia remain underexplored. The study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional relationships between thyroid hormone levels, cognitive impairments, and clinical symptoms in people with chronic schizophrenia, with a focus on sex differences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 1007 people with schizophrenia (602 males and 405 females), and 326 healthy controls (193 males and 133 females). Cognitive function and psychiatric symptoms were assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), respectively. Blood samples were collected to measure serum total thyroxine (TT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and two-way ANOVA were used to compare clinical characteristics and sex differences. Pearson correlation and hierarchical linear regression were conducted to assess the relationships between thyroid hormone levels, cognitive impairments, and clinical symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>People with schizophrenia exhibited lower levels of thyroid hormones compared to the healthy control group (both <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Male patients had higher TT3 and FT3 levels than female patients (both <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The cognitive scores of the healthy controls were generally higher than those of people with schizophrenia (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Additionally, there were significant sex differences in visuospatial/constructive abilities and language (both <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) among people with schizophrenia, with males scoring higher than females. The linear regression found that in the cognitive domain, TT4 was negatively associated with Visuospatial/Constructive abilities and RBANS total scores in male patients (both P &lt; 0.05), whereas TT4 was positively associated with these abilities and attention in female patients (all P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, in male patients, TT3 was negatively associated with most of PANSS scale (all P &lt; 0.05). In female, TT3 was only negatively associated with the PANSS Negative scale (P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sex differences exist in thyroid hormone T3 levels in people with schizophrenia. The association between thyroid hormones and cognitive performance varies by sex in chronic schizophrenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 107249"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The transition to parenthood: Linking hormones, brain, and behavior","authors":"Susana Carmona,&nbsp;Oscar Vilarroya","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This Special Issue brings together pioneering research that explores the neurobiological and hormonal underpinnings of parenting, with an important emphasis on translational perspectives that bridge laboratory findings with real-world applications. By integrating evidence from both human and animal studies, this collection sheds light on the biological flexibility that supports adaptive caregiving behaviors, offering insights into the hormonal shifts, neural adaptations, and stress responses that characterize the perinatal and postpartum periods</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 107247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memory under pressure: The impact of acute stress across different memory tasks.","authors":"Selen Soylu, Robert Miller, Maximilian Pilhatsch, Tanja Endrass, Lisa Weckesser","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, we aimed to investigate how acute stress exerts its heterogeneous effects. Based on biophysical network models, we hypothesized that acute stress would improve occipital-mediated ultra-short-term and to a lesser degree affect occipital- and frontal-mediated short-term and working, and impairs hippocampal-mediated long-term memory processes and their respective behavioral measures. To test this, 111 healthy individuals (57 female) underwent both the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and a control test. Immediately afterward, participants' performance was measured in four memory tasks (Rapid Serial Visual Presentation, RSVP, Match-to-Sample, MTS, N-Back, NB and Free-Recall, FR tasks). TSST exposure seems to impair long-term memory (AC_FR; β = -1.50 ± 0.62; when free recall was tested approx. 80 minutes after initial encoding, immediately after the TSST), and working memory (AC_NB; β= -0.42 ± 0.20 %) but did not affect ultra-short-term (AC_RSVP; β = -0.03 ± 0.31 %) and short-term (AC_MTS; β=-0.18 ± 0.31 %) memory accuracies (ACs). Interestingly, TSST exposure increased the exploratory included measure of response times in MTS (RT_MTS; β =16.42 ± 7.18 msec) and impaired T1 detection in the RSVP (AC_T1; β=-0.48 ± 0.22 %) tasks. Contrary to the hypothesis, TSST exposure did not have the hypothesized effects on the memory processes. Instead, TSST exposure appeared to affect secondary behavioral indicators of motivation or task instruction adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"172 ","pages":"107246"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142780755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory signalling during the perinatal period: Implications for short- and long-term disease risk","authors":"Romina Garcia de leon ,&nbsp;Travis E. Hodges ,&nbsp;Hilary K. Brown ,&nbsp;Tamara S. Bodnar ,&nbsp;Liisa A.M. Galea","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During pregnancy and the postpartum, there are dynamic fluctuations in steroid and peptide hormone levels as well as inflammatory signalling. These changes are required for a healthy pregnancy and can persist well beyond the postpartum. Many of the same hormone and inflammatory signalling changes observed during the perinatal period also play a role in symptoms related to autoimmune disorders, psychiatric disorders, and perhaps neurodegenerative disease later in life. In this review, we outline hormonal and immunological shifts linked to pregnancy and the postpartum and discuss the possible role of these shifts in increasing psychiatric, neurodegenerative disease risk and autoimmune symptoms during and following pregnancy. Furthermore, we discuss how key variables such as the number of births (parity) and sex of the fetus can influence inflammatory signalling, and possibly future disease risk, but are not often studied. We conclude by discussing the importance of studying female experiences such as pregnancy and parenting on physiology and disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 107245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State rumination links major life stressors to acute stressor cortisol response in healthy adults","authors":"Jacqueline Rodriguez-Stanley ,&nbsp;Katherine Knauft ,&nbsp;Samuele Zilioli","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Experiencing major life stressors is associated with negative health outcomes, yet the mechanisms are not fully understood. Major stressors are threatening, discrete events that can have lingering consequences on emotional and cognitive processes. This can lead to maladaptive coping strategies, such as rumination, that compromise the ability to handle subsequent stressors and disrupt the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response. Based on the Perseverative Cognition Hypothesis, it was hypothesized that greater exposure to major stressors would be associated with greater rumination during a laboratory stressor, which, in turn, would predict higher cortisol reactivity and peak and delayed recovery. Participants were 211 healthy adults (<em>M</em>_age = 30.2, <em>SD</em> = 10.9, range = 18 – 55) who underwent the Trier Social Stress Test and self-reported rates of major stressors in the past 12 months and stress-related state rumination. Two-piece growth curve modeling with landmark registration was used to calculate peak salivary cortisol levels along with cortisol reactivity and recovery slopes to capture individual differences in the trajectory of cortisol response. Results showed that state rumination significantly mediated the link between more major stressors and elevated peak cortisol levels as well as steeper reactivity and recovery slopes. Interpersonal stressors and non-interpersonal stressors showed similar associations to cortisol response via state rumination. This study enhances our understanding of how stress contributes to HPA axis dysregulation by connecting major stressors with acute stressors, pointing at stress-induced rumination as a plausible mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 107234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of socio-emotional vulnerability and physiological stress response: Unraveling distress patterns amidst the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Catherine Raymond ,&nbsp;Alexe Bilodeau-Houle ,&nbsp;Maryse Arcand ,&nbsp;Clémence Peyrot ,&nbsp;Marie-France Marin","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased internalizing symptoms (IS) among adults, with notable interindividual differences. Cross-sectional studies suggest that both biological (physiological stress) and psychological (socio-emotional) factors independently contribute to IS. This longitudinal study examined whether physiological stress during the pandemic moderated the relationship between socio-emotional vulnerability and IS. In June 2020, 94 adults (average age 34.16, SD = 8.86) provided a 6 cm hair sample, allowing the quantification of cumulative hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) during the three months preceding the pandemic (Segment A) and the three months of the first wave of the pandemic in Quebec, Canada (Segment B). We calculated HCC reactivity (rHCC) as the percent change between the two segments. A socio-emotional composite score (SECS) was derived using the Anxiety Sensitivity Index, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire. Every three months from June 2020 to March 2021, participants completed the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales and Impact of Event Scale. Analyses revealed an interaction between Time, SECS, and rHCC on stress, and between SECS and rHCC on depressive symptoms. High rHCC was associated with a stronger correlation between SECS and stress symptoms in September and December 2020 (these months were significant transition periods during the pandemic in Quebec). Additionally, individuals with low rHCC exhibited greater depressive symptoms, regardless of time. Our findings suggest that the activation of the physiological stress system at the beginning of the pandemic was associated with increased stress symptoms during subsequent transition periods. Conversely, lower activation of the stress system contributed to greater depressive symptoms over time, particularly in individuals with heightened socio-emotional vulnerability. This highlights the role of physiological responses in modulating emotional outcomes under prolonged stress and adds to the growing literature on vulnerability factors in response to enduring stressors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 107233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal care is associated with neural and behavioral effects of oxytocin administration during empathic accuracy in schizophrenia and controls","authors":"Casey K. Brown ,&nbsp;Lize De Coster ,&nbsp;Junghee Lee ,&nbsp;Lisa Lin ,&nbsp;Daniel H. Mathalon ,&nbsp;Joshua D. Woolley","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Empathic accuracy, the ability to accurately understand other people’s emotions, is a complex social cognitive skill that is often impaired in schizophrenia and this impairment is associated with poor functional outcomes. Intranasally administered oxytocin, a neuropeptide implicated in social behavior, is thought to improve empathic accuracy for individuals with schizophrenia. However, early experiences related to caregiving may shape the oxytocinergic system and influence individual responses to oxytocin administration. Using a cross-over, double-blind, placebo-controlled design coupled with fMRI, the current study investigated whether administration of oxytocin improves empathic accuracy in schizophrenia compared to a matched placebo, and the moderating role of early maternal care. Results revealed that, compared to controls, individuals with schizophrenia had lower empathic accuracy and recruited a sparser pattern of neural activation to achieve empathic accuracy. Oxytocin administration was not associated with improved empathic accuracy for either group. However, in both groups, individuals reporting higher maternal care demonstrated the greatest improvements in empathic accuracy with oxytocin administration, accompanied by decreased activity in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, a region implicated in selective attention to socioemotional stimuli. Findings highlight the importance of examining individual differences in responses to oxytocin administration and suggest that early social experiences influence later responses to oxytocin administration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 107228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated testosterone and prosocial behavior in female patients with borderline personality disorder independent of social exclusion","authors":"Livia Graumann ,&nbsp;Eugenia Kulakova ,&nbsp;An Bin Cho ,&nbsp;Christian Eric Deuter ,&nbsp;Oliver T. Wolf ,&nbsp;Jill Schell ,&nbsp;Julian Hellmann-Regen ,&nbsp;Stefan Roepke ,&nbsp;Christian Otte ,&nbsp;Katja Wingenfeld","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is marked by unstable relationships and fear of abandonment. Earlier studies suggest that patients with BPD are highly sensitive to social exclusion and show deficits in trust and cooperation. The hormone testosterone influences such prosocial behavior and regulates aggressive and caring behavior. Previous studies show elevated testosterone levels in female patients with BPD at baseline and after psychosocial stress, while results after social exclusion are missing.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We investigated the effects of social exclusion on prosocial behavior (sharing and punishment) and salivary testosterone in female patients with BPD. Ninety-eight patients with BPD and 98 healthy females matched for menstrual cycle were randomly assigned to an overinclusion or exclusion condition of the virtual ballgame Cyberball. Afterwards, participants played two games in which they could share money with a fictional player (\"dictator game\") and accept or reject (= punish) offers from a player (\"ultimatum game\").</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Female patients with BPD displayed higher testosterone levels than the control group before and after Cyberball. Social exclusion did not affect testosterone levels. Patients with BPD exhibited more prosocial behavior by sharing more money than controls and punished co-players for unfair offers equally often.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We replicated previous findings of elevated testosterone in female patients with BPD and showed that it is not affected by experimentally induced social exclusion. Regardless of social exclusion, patients with BPD showed more prosocial behavior, which may reflect a status-seeking strategy to secure their social standing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 107232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}