Studia graeco-arabica最新文献

{"title":"The Avicennian Tradition in the Making: A Correspondence on the Role of Expressions and Meanings in Logic in Context","authors":"Silvia Di Vincenzo","doi":"10.12871/978883339614912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12871/978883339614912","url":null,"abstract":"The definition of the relation between expressions ( alfāẓ ) and meanings ( maʿānī ) has played a pivotal role in determining the subject matter of logic all along the so-called “classical period” of Arabic philosophy. This paper focuses on Avicenna’s (d. 427H/1037) view on this fundamental topic taking into account his hitherto neglected correspondence with an anonymous disciple ( Mubāḥaṯāt 579-585 in Bīdārfar’s edition). The aim is to frame this correspondence in its original context by analyzing both its direct and indirect tradition. The correspondence, which appears to be quoted in Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s (d. 606H/1210) Šarḥ al-Išārāt wa-l-Tanbīhāt , may be one of the earliest – not to say the earliest – signs of an exegetical activity surrounding Avicenna’s Išārāt and Šifāʾ still in its embryonic stage.","PeriodicalId":208121,"journal":{"name":"Studia graeco-arabica","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132153256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Henri Dominique Saffrey: Philology and History of Neoplatonism","authors":"Concetta Luna","doi":"10.12871/97888333961491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12871/97888333961491","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":208121,"journal":{"name":"Studia graeco-arabica","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131296522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Néoplatonisme et gnose šīʿite imamite: l’Intellect premier et l’Âme universelle chez Sayyid Ḥaydar Āmulī (VIIIe /XIVe siècle)","authors":"M. Terrier","doi":"10.12871/978883339747410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12871/978883339747410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":208121,"journal":{"name":"Studia graeco-arabica","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126415049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Teach Things with Words: Al-Fārābī, Māyin’s Doubt, and the Transmission of Knowledge","authors":"Nadja Germann","doi":"10.12871/978883339614910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12871/978883339614910","url":null,"abstract":"In one way or another, every student of philosophy has probably at least once hit upon the so-called “Meno paradox”, a puzzle originally raised in Plato’s Meno , which is usually considered as the latter’s attempt to question the possibility of inquiry. Like many philosophers before and after him, Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī (d. 950) engaged with this paradox. Among other places, he explicitly addresses it in his Kitāb al-burhān ( On Demonstration ), his paraphrase of Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics . Given this context, it comes as no surprise that references to Plato are absent, since the general lines of his approach are obviously determined by his reference text. Yet, if one examines “Māyin’s doubt”, as he dubs the dilemma, more closely, several peculiarities come to the fore. For one, the terse allusions to teaching and learning, which Aristotle makes at the beginning of his book, turn into a fully-fledged conceptual framework within which Fārābī discusses the puzzle. Moreover, the entire section of the Burhān dedicated to this problem is distinguished by the strong emphasis Fārābī puts on the use of language within the context of teaching and learning – an emphasis that lacks a parallel in the Posterior Analytics . Thus, it soon becomes clear that Māyin’s doubt is not simply a summary of Meno’s puzzle as it appears in Aristotle’s work. Rather it is an engagement with the latter designed to answer contemporary questions. But what are the questions Fārābī’s discussion of the paradox is meant to answer? And what answers does he give to them?","PeriodicalId":208121,"journal":{"name":"Studia graeco-arabica","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130188868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plato and Aristotle Holding Scrolls: An Arabic Ekphrasis of a Christian Painting?","authors":"A. Treiger","doi":"10.12871/97888333961498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12871/97888333961498","url":null,"abstract":"The present contribution analyzes an intriguing tradition that appears in al-Rāġib al-Iṣfahānī’s (d. 422/1031) Kitāb al-Ḏarīʿa ilā makārim al-šarīʿa and Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī’s (d. 505/1111) Mīzān al-ʿamal and Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn . This tradition discusses a painting of two philosophers holding scrolls with pithy sayings. An analysis (based on a wide array of related texts: from al-ʿĀmirī, al-Muṭahhar ibn Ṭāhir al-Maqdisī","PeriodicalId":208121,"journal":{"name":"Studia graeco-arabica","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134072843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delineating Dialectic: The Perfect Philosopher in al-Fārābī’s Commentary on Topics VIII 1","authors":"Alexander Lamprakis, D. Davies","doi":"10.12871/978883339614911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12871/978883339614911","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents and discusses two previously unpublished fragments from al-Fārābī’s (d. 950/1) literal commentary on Topics VIII. This text survives only in a Hebrew translation of the provençal intellectual Ṭodros ben Mešullam ben David Ṭodrosi (born 1313) and is part of an anthology of philosophical texts that he produced around the year 1333 in Trinquetaille, Arles. In these two fragments, al-Fārābī assesses Aristotle’s claim in Top. VIII 1, 155b7-10 that the philosopher and the dialectician differ insofar as the philosopher does not need the ability to address others in his speech, while the dialectician necessarily does. Through a close reading of these fragments, the article aims to show that al-Fārābī’s commentary is more than mere textual exegesis: Al-Fārābī juxtaposes Aristotle’s claim with the concept of ‘philosopher’ that he himself develops, both in his political writings and in his abridgements of Aristotle’s Organon . In discussing whether or not a philosopher needs to have command over teaching others, as well as refuting and testing their opinions, al-Fārābī gives a straightforward account of the natures and definitions of both the philosopher and the dialectician, which leads him to distinguish two ways in which a philosopher can be called ‘perfect’. It will be argued that al-Fārābī’s commentary on Topics VIII is therefore an important source text for discussing the way in which he navigates between the different definitions of ‘philosopher’ inherited from the ancient and late ancient philosophical tradition.","PeriodicalId":208121,"journal":{"name":"Studia graeco-arabica","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117010232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ǧālīnūs Quwā l-nafs Revisited","authors":"Hans Hinrich Biesterfeldt","doi":"10.12871/97888333961497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12871/97888333961497","url":null,"abstract":"Galenʼs treatise Quod animi mores… has fascinated generations of scholars investigating the ancient history and theory of Greek medicine. The Arabic version of the treatise, Quwā l-nafs (ed. Biesterfeldt 1973), has considerably extended the ground for establishing a proper Greek text. In addition to the then unique ms. Ayasofya 3725, which served as a basis for my edition, a second manuscript of the text recently emerged, Meshhed Riḍā ṭibb 5223. It contributes valuable readings to the Arabic, and indirectly to the Greek, text and documents the work of a member of the group of translators from Greek into Arabic around Ḥunayn b. Isḥāq, namely Iṣṭifan b. Basīl. His readings and his copious marginal remarks show his excellent knowledge of Greek and of Greek culture and give us an idea of what the readers of this kind of scholarly heritage might have been interested in.","PeriodicalId":208121,"journal":{"name":"Studia graeco-arabica","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122173864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pléthon et la destinée harmonique de l’homme","authors":"Brigitte Tambrun","doi":"10.12871/97888333974749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12871/97888333974749","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":208121,"journal":{"name":"Studia graeco-arabica","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130806721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Les couleurs de l’Âme: d’Abū Yaʿqūb al-Siǧistānī aux Iḫwān al-Ṣafāʾ en passant par le Plotin arabe","authors":"Daniel De Smet","doi":"10.12871/97888333974744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12871/97888333974744","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":208121,"journal":{"name":"Studia graeco-arabica","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114671855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Debate by the Book, about the Book, in a Book: Shem Tob Falaquera’s Epistle of the Debate, Al-Fārābī’s Book of Dialectic, and Aristotle’s Topics on Philosophy and the Holy Writ","authors":"Yehuda Halper","doi":"10.12871/978883339614916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12871/978883339614916","url":null,"abstract":"Shem Tov Falaquera’s Epistle of the Debate describes a debate between a Pietist who is knowledgeable only in Jewish law and religious texts and a Scholar who is well versed in both Jewish and philosophical works about whether according to Scripture studying philosophy is forbidden, permitted, or necessary for the perfection of human beings. I argue that to a large extent the form, style, and much of the content of the arguments in the debate are based on Al-Fārābī’s Book of Dialectic. Falaquera thus provides an example of a debate by the book (Al-Fārābī’s Dialectic), about the Book (Scripture), and in a book (The Epistle of the Debate). Moreover, by examining the arguments of the Epistle in light of Al-Fārābī’s Dialectic, we can see how dialectic can provide both training in adversarial debates and an introduction to philosophy and science. At the end of the first day of the debate between a scientist Scholar and a Pietist well-versed in religious Law recounted in Epistle of the Debate by Shem Tov Falaquera (c. 1225-c. 1290), the Scholar chastises the Pietist for being unfamiliar with the difficulties raised by dialectic (ha-niṣuaḥ) and accordingly being unable to defend his beliefs properly. As an example of a dialectical argument that might not be recognized as such by those untrained in dialectic, Falaquera’s Scholar mentions “proof for the refutation of motion even though it is a thing perceived by the senses (this is the problem known as the problem of halves)”. This argument is dialectical and its fallaciousness can only be countered by one knowledgeable in demonstration (ha-mofet). If one unfamiliar with dialectic can be led astray about things apparent to his senses, asks the Scholar, “How much more so is this the case concerning tradition (qabbalah)?”.1 Had the Pietist studied dialectic through Al-Fārābī’s Book of Dialectic, he would indeed have been familiar with the dialectical character of Zeno’s paradox and its ramifications for accepting tradition. Al-Fārābī speaks of using dialectic “to test (نحتيم) traditionally received opinions (ةلوبقلما ءارلآا), which are those that one encounters first, in which one is educated, and to which one is habituated”.2 Rather than bring an example of such a test of traditionally * Research on this paper was supported by an Israel Science Foundation grant for the project, “Hebrew Traditions of Aristotelian Dialectics” no. 2181/19. I am also grateful to Steven Harvey, Charles Manekin, Yoav Meyrav, and Gadi Weber for looking over early drafts of this paper. 1 Falaquera’s Epistle of the Debate: An Introduction to Jewish Philosophy, ed. and trans. S. Harvey, Harvard U.P., Cambridge MA 1987, p. 61-2 (Hebrew edition) / p. 24-5 (English translation). All references to Epistle of the Debate are to this edition and will include the page number for the Hebrew text followed by the page numbers for the English translation. 2 D. Mallet, “La Dialectique dans la philosophie d’Abū Naṣr Al-Fārābī”, Ph.D. Dissertation,","PeriodicalId":208121,"journal":{"name":"Studia graeco-arabica","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121519173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}