Process Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Towards a circular economy: Harnessing bacteria for sustainable plastic waste degradation","authors":"Wenjuan Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Wang ,&nbsp;Mostafa Habibi","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing prevalence of plastic pollution poses a significant environmental challenge, necessitating innovative and sustainable approaches to waste management. In this research the biodegradation potential of two prominent bacterial genera, <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Bacillus</em>. These have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in degrading various plastic polymers, including LDPE, HDPE, PP, PET, and PLA. Both genera exhibit a broad substrate range and employ diverse enzymatic mechanisms, such as lipases, hydrolases, and laccases, to facilitate plastic breakdown. While strain specificity is crucial in degradation efficiency, studies indicate synergistic interactions in mixed-culture consortia can enhance overall degradation rates. Despite the promising advancements in bacterial plastic degradation, challenges remain, including variability in degradation rates and the need for standardized testing protocols. Future research should focus on identifying high-performing strains, characterizing their enzymatic profiles, and optimizing environmental conditions to improve biodegradation outcomes. By harnessing the natural capabilities of bacteria, this work highlights the potential for developing effective bioremediation strategies that contribute to a circular economy and address the pressing issue of plastic waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"159 ","pages":"Pages 82-101"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of marine macroalgae: A comprehensive review of bioactives, extraction techniques, and biorefinery pathways","authors":"Obie Farobie ,&nbsp;Nur Izyan Wan Azelee ,&nbsp;Sehrish Javaid ,&nbsp;Muhammad Irfan Bakhsi ,&nbsp;Widya Fatriasari ,&nbsp;Subramaniyasharma Sivaraman ,&nbsp;Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine macroalgae are versatile third-generation biomass with significant potential to produce high-value bioactive compounds such as pigments, rare sugars, sulfated polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides, which are increasingly relevant for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic applications. This review hypothesizes that a comprehensive understanding of both well-established and emerging bioactive compounds, along with improvements in extraction methodologies, is essential for realizing the full potential of macroalgae-based biorefineries. Unlike previous studies, this review uniquely consolidates underexplored bioactives and emerging extraction strategies, thereby offering a roadmap for biorefinery development. The contribution of this work lies in identifying critical bottlenecks in macroalgal valorization and presenting integrated biorefinery strategies tailored for sustainable adoption. With the global demand for marine-derived ingredients projected to reach approximately USD 16 billion by 2030, this review highlights commercially viable compounds, eco-efficient extraction routes, and future directions such as the integration of omics technologies, bioprocess intensification, and valorization of underutilized species. The significance of this review lies in highlighting that eco-efficient extraction methods, particularly those using green solvents and process intensification, are the most promising for scalability. Moreover, rare sugars, pigments, and sulfated oligosaccharides remain commercially underexploited yet hold high potential. Addressing biomass variability and economic constraints requires integrated biorefinery strategies. By offering a holistic and forward-looking perspective, this review bridges existing knowledge gaps and provides strategic insights into the future development of sustainable marine macroalgal utilization for high-value industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 54-80"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From citrus waste to value-added products: Exploring biochemical routes for sustainable valorization","authors":"Samandeep Kaur ,&nbsp;Vikrant Singh ,&nbsp;Priyanka Vern ,&nbsp;Parmjit S. Panesar","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Citrus processing generates significant by-products, presenting both challenges and opportunities for their valorization through biotechnological methods. In alignment with circular economy principles, this review specifically examines the potential of citrus by-products as a sustainable feedstock for the recovery of bioactive compounds using fermentation, enzyme saccharification, and novel extraction techniques. The study highlights their application in functional foods, nutraceuticals, and industrial sectors by focusing on their polyphenols, flavonoids, essential oils, and pectin content. Furthermore, we assess the effectiveness of these biotechnological approaches in enhancing compound bioavailability, improving waste utilization, and supporting sustainable food production. Additionally, the review explores emerging non-food applications, including biofuel production, biodegradable packaging, and adsorbents. By providing a comparative analysis of various bioprocessing methods, this work offers insights into the most efficient and sustainable strategies for maximizing citrus waste valorization, contributing to waste reduction, food security, and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 81-98"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The AraC/XylS family transcriptional regulator NdpR2 positively regulates nicotine catabolism in Sphingomonas melonis TY","authors":"Haixia Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Tang ,&nbsp;Ziliang He ,&nbsp;Tong Hu ,&nbsp;Pei Qiao ,&nbsp;Zhenmei Lu ,&nbsp;Weihong Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Sphingomonas melonis</em> TY is a nicotine-degrading bacterium isolated from tobacco waste. Previous studies have elucidated the molecular mechanism of nicotine degradation in strain TY, including the identification of a TetR-family transcriptional regulator involved in nicotine catabolism regulation. In this study, we characterized another regulator gene (<em>BJP26_RS19705</em>, designated <em>ndpR2</em>) encoding an AraC/XylS family transcriptional regulator that participates in nicotine catabolism regulation in strain TY. The expression of <em>ndpR2</em> was induced by nicotine. Phenotypic analysis revealed that the <em>ndpR2</em> knockout strain exhibited both a prolonged lag phase during growth with nicotine and significantly reduced nicotine transformation efficiency compared to the wild-type strain. Genetic complementation restored nicotine degradation and transformation capabilities to wild-type levels. Transcriptional analysis using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and the promoter activity assays demonstrated that NdpR2 positively regulates the P_{<em>ndpA</em>}, P_{<em>ndpC</em>}, P_{<em>ndpH</em>}, and P_{<em>ndpT</em>} promoters. Furthermore, NdpR2 displayed positive autoregulation of its own expression. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed direct binding of NdpR2 to promoter regions of <em>ndpA</em>_<em>S</em><em>A</em>_<em>L</em>, <em>ndpC</em>, <em>ndpHFEGD</em>, <em>ndpTB</em>, and its own promoter. Biochemical characterization revealed that NdpR2 functions as an allosteric transcription factor, with 2,5-dihydroxypyridine acting as its specific negative effector. Collectively, our findings establish NdpR2 as a novel AraC/XylS-family regulator governing nicotine catabolism in <em>S. melonis</em> TY.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 44-53"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144920332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermentation of Monascus purpureus biomass as a new protein-rich food ingredient","authors":"Massa A. ,&nbsp;Del Llano R. C ,&nbsp;M. Baiget ,&nbsp;Axpe E. ,&nbsp;Rothschild L.J. ,&nbsp;Sanz M.L. ,&nbsp;Carrero-Carralero C.","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Monascus purpureus</em>, a filamentous fungus known for producing crimson yeast rice, offers not only high protein content but also bioactive compounds, such as alkaloids, phenols, and flavonoids, which provide antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Although traditionally used as a colorant or dietary supplement, it has not been exploited as food biomass. This study optimized growth conditions for <em>M. purpureus</em> using solid state (SSF) and submerged-state fermentation (SmF), achieving biomass yields (dry weight) of 6 g/L in SmF and 4 g/L in SSF, with protein contents of 35 % and 21 %, respectively. Amino acid profiling revealed six essential amino acids, with lysine as the most abundant. The obtained biomass was characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS), identifying 17 compounds in SSF compared to 15 in SmF, including furfural derivatives, and fatty acids. Solid-state and submerged-state fermentation produced biomass with antioxidant levels (3.65 ± 0.14 vs. 3.33 ± 0.10 mmol TE/100 g, respectively). This work highlights the potential of <em>M. purpureus</em> biomass in food formulations, providing emulsifying properties without external additives, although with limitations in gelling and foaming capacities. This research establishes <em>M. purpureus</em> as a viable alternative protein, contributing to a sustainable food system and advancing global food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 118-128"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of recombinant human insulin using constitutive and non-IPTG inducible promoters in Pseudomonas fluorescens and scale-up study","authors":"Ansuman Sahoo ,&nbsp;Venkata Dasu Veeranki ,&nbsp;Sanjukta Patra","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetes mellitus, a complex metabolic disorder, ranks among the most widespread diseases globally. Recombinant human insulin is crucial for diabetes treatment, although lifestyle modifications are also recommended. Insulin is majorly produced in bacterial host systems as it does not require any complex PTMs to be functionally active. Traditionally, IPTG-inducible promoters drive expression in most of these systems; however, IPTG is both cytotoxic and cost-intensive. This study explored alternative regulatory elements, including constitutive and native inducible promoters, in the <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em> expression platform. The proinsulin fusion protein was expressed at titers up to 54.5 mg/L in a 2 L bioreactor, yielding a ∼29 % increase compared to shake-flask using a constitutive promoter (P_{<em>PsbA</em>})-driven system. Anthranilate (5 mM) and m-toluate (7.5 mM) were identified as optimal inducers for anthranilate (P_<em>Ant</em>) and benzoate (P_<em>Ben</em>) promoter-based expression systems, respectively, with systematic screening and optimization of various inducers and their concentrations. Scaling up to a 2 L bioreactor further enhanced production, with P_<em>Ant</em>-mediated expression achieving a ∼7% titer increase over flask-scale cultures. The fusion protein and insulin produced through these systems were validated by Western blotting, and insulin integrity was confirmed via MALDI-TOF. Both P_<em>Ant</em>- and P_<em>Ben</em>-based expression systems can be used for differential expression of recombinant proteins such as insulin chains, as well as the heavy and light chains of monoclonal antibodies. The present study demonstrates a process for the IPTG-free expression of recombinant human insulin in a <em>P. fluorescens</em>-based host system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144920331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into the response of Clostridium beijerinckii to hexanoic acid stress in bio-butanol fermentation","authors":"Shuang Huang ,&nbsp;Jun-Wei Feng ,&nbsp;Rui-Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun-Yi Fang ,&nbsp;Chun-Hui Wei ,&nbsp;Ying-Jia Zheng ,&nbsp;Jian-Zhong Liu ,&nbsp;Run-Xi Cheng ,&nbsp;Feng-Jiao Cai ,&nbsp;Qi Yu ,&nbsp;Jian Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Distillers’ grain waste (DGW), a primary solid by-product in Baijiu production, holds promise as a feedstock for valuable chemicals such as bio-butanol. However, an excessive amount of hexanoic acid in DGW significantly inhibits solvent-producing clostridia during bio-butanol fermentation. This research delved into the response of <em>Clostridium beijerinckii</em> LY-5 to hexanoic acid stress by combining fermentation performance analysis and transcriptomics. The results indicated that hexanoic acid concentrations above 0.4 g/L could inhibit sugar consumption and butanol production. The intracellular energy status and the NADH/NAD⁺ ratio were affected, and the cell growth was decreased by 13.9 % at 1.1 g/L. Moreover, the transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that hexanoic acid affected the gene expression profiles related to the cell wall and membrane, membrane transporters, central metabolic pathways, the two-component system, and sporulation. The reduced expression of genes responsible for the phosphotransferase system and acetaldehyde-CoA/alcohol dehydrogenase may explain the decreased glucose consumption and solvent biosynthesis. These findings could provide a rational basis for constructing a tolerant strain for efficient bio-butanol production from DGW.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 23-34"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix combined with chemometric modelling for upstream monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein production","authors":"María Celeste Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Javier Villarraza ,&nbsp;Kimey Denise Mendoza ,&nbsp;Agustina Gugliotta ,&nbsp;Ernesto Garay ,&nbsp;Marina Etcheverrigaray ,&nbsp;Claudio Prieto","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biotherapeutic production is inherently complex, requiring multiple unit operations and analytical methods compared to small-molecule drugs. In this context, Quality by Design (QbD) and Process Analytical Technology (PAT) play key roles in ensuring the quality, safety, and efficacy of biotherapeutics. This work presents a fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) combined with PARAFAC (Parallel Factor) model under non-negativity constraint for the off-line quantitative prediction of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike ectodomain glycoprotein (S-ED), a COVID-19 subunit vaccine candidate, in HEK293 perfusion bioreactor cultures. Design of experiments (DoE) approach was applied to optimize the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, whose validation was crucial to assess the accuracy and consistency of the results. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for outlier detection in spectral data, while an appropriate chemical rank estimation strategy was implemented to determine the number of fluorescent responsive components. Subsequently, PARAFAC modelling of the three-way data array enabled the off-line prediction of S-ED in bioreactor samples. This multivariate calibration model, offering simplicity, accuracy, and precision, aligns with PAT guidelines by monitoring critical process parameters (CPPs) such as S-ED concentration in bioreactor samples. It provides an efficient alternative to traditional analytical methods, enhancing process monitoring and improving the overall S-ED production workflow.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 12-22"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical optimization and kinetic modeling of submerged culture medium for exopolysaccharide production by Stropharia rugosoannulata","authors":"Yashi Gong ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Wang ,&nbsp;Anqi Guan ,&nbsp;Song Ming ,&nbsp;Tiantian Huang ,&nbsp;Yuguang Du ,&nbsp;Shuai Zong","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Stropharia rugosoannulata (S. rugosoannulata)</em> is one of the most widely recognized edible mushrooms globally. However, knowledge of the fermentation process remains limited. In this study, a combination of statistical optimization techniques was employed to optimize the culture medium for exopolysaccharide (SREP) production during submerged fermentation. These methods included one-factor-at-a-time experiments, Plackett-Burman design, the steepest ascent method, and the Box-Behnken design. Maltose, pH and inoculum size were identified as the most significant factors affecting SREP production. The optimized conditions were determined to be: potato 150 g/L, maltose 26.8 g/L, yeast paste 1 g/L, KH₂PO₄ 0.5 g/L, MgSO₄ 0.5 g/L, vitamin C 0.02 g/L, temperature 28°C, rotational speed 150 r/min, inoculum size 7 %, liquid volume 200 mL, and initial pH 9. Compared to pre-optimization conditions, the yield of SREP increased from 1.06 g/L to 1.32 g/L following optimization. Additionally, cultivation kinetic models were established to study the relationships between mycelial cell growth, SREP production and substrate consumption throughout the fermentation process. These models provided practical guidance for the production of exopolysaccharides from <em>S. rugosoannulata</em> through liquid submerged fermentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-temperature biochar for improving composting process via regulation of enzymatic stoichiometry and microbial community succession","authors":"Yingjie Su ,&nbsp;Siyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Yu ,&nbsp;Shanshan Tang ,&nbsp;Chunjie Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of low-temperature and high-temperature biochar on carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) conversion and microbial succession during the co-composting of cow manure and corn stover. Enzymatic stoichiometry was examined to effectively estimate the changes in the process of composting. The addition of low-temperature biochar raised the composting temperature. Moreover, the humic acid content in the compost product increased by 10.77 % and 64.49 %, compared to the high-temperature biochar and the control, respectively. In addition, the germination index (GI) and total solids (TS) content in compost also increased by 11.21 %, 6.06 %, and 25.50 %, 5.01 %. Low-temperature biochar application significantly increased the activities of β-D-glucosidase (BG), β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activities. On the other hand, the potential C/P and N/P acquisition activities represented by lnBG/ lnAKP and ln (LAP + NAG)/lnAKP, respectively, decreased significantly. Owing to the unique physicochemical properties, low-temperature biochar altered the abundance of bacterial taxa, such as Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and <em>Luteimonas, Stenotrophomonas,</em> which play specific roles in the composting process. Redundancy analyses showed that low-temperature biochar added during the composting process regulated the microbial community succession, improved enzyme activity, and lifted the limitation of C, N, and P availability during microbial nutrient conversion, thereby improving the compost quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"157 ","pages":"Pages 318-330"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}