QJM: An International Journal of Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Extensive sclerotic skin involvement in Erdheim-Chester disease.","authors":"Yi-Jun Xia, Cheng Feng, Zhi Wang, Xin-Xin Cao","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae248","DOIUrl":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae248","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"291-293"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Pseudokidney' and 'donut' signs of colon cancer on point-of-care ultrasound.","authors":"Vui Heng Chong, May Thu Hla Aye, Anand Jalihal","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"303-305"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global and regional burden of cardiovascular diseases attributable to non-optimal temperatures: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021.","authors":"Diptismita Jena, Bijaya Kumar Padhi","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are leading contributors to global morbidity and mortality, significantly influenced by non-optimal temperatures. This study projects the impact of temperature fluctuations on CVD through 2050, considering environmental and climate changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study data, we analysed age-standardized death rates and disability-adjusted life years (ASR DALYs) related to non-optimal temperatures. We applied Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) for trend analysis and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models for forecasting CVD mortality and DALYs from 2022 to 2050.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EAPC analysis revealed a decline in CVD mortality rates, with a decrease of -0.32% for males (95% CI: -0.39 to -0.24%) and -0.42% for females (95% CI: -0.48 to -0.36%), indicating reduced mortality from non-optimal temperatures. Regions with higher Socio-Demographic Index showed more significant declines. ARIMA forecasts predict a substantial increase in CVD burden with deaths projected to rise from 1.2 million in 2022 to 1.9 million by 2050, and DALYs expected to increase from 2.4 million to over 3 million during the same period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The projected rise in CVD due to temperature variability highlights the need for robust health systems integrated with climate action to mitigate risks. This research underscores the importance of advancing SDG 3.4 to reduce non-communicable disease mortality and emphasizes climate considerations in health planning per SDG 13.</p>","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"249-263"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black pleural effusion.","authors":"Shintaro Kakimoto, Yukinori Harada, Taro Shimizu","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae210","DOIUrl":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae210","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"282-283"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An immunological perspective in the treatment strategy of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.","authors":"Oscar M P Jolobe","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf005","DOIUrl":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"309-310"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond metaplasia: unraveling the complex pathogenesis of autoimmune atrophic gastritis and its implications for gastric cancer risk.","authors":"Tai Zhang, Xudong Tang","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf028","DOIUrl":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by immune-mediated destruction of gastric parietal cells, leading to oxyntic atrophy, achlorhydria and hypergastrinemia. While AIG was historically linked to gastric adenocarcinoma and type I neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), recent evidence suggests the risk of adenocarcinoma in AIG is lower than previously believed, particularly in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-negative patients. The increased cancer risk in AIG is mainly attributed to concurrent or past H. pylori infection. The incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma in AIG ranges from 0.12% to 0.5% per year, with cumulative risks over 10 years reported at 1-3%. In contrast, type I NETs are more commonly associated with AIG, with an annual incidence of 0.68-2.8% and cumulative rates as high as 15.3% over 5 years. Adenomatous polyps, which can progress to malignancy, have been reported in 4.6-13.6% of AIG patients. This review examines the immune and molecular mechanisms underlying AIG's pathogenesis, positioning it as a model of immune-mediated epithelial injury with limited carcinogenic potential. AIG is associated with reparative metaplastic phenotypes, such as pseudopyloric and complete intestinal metaplasia, which contrast with the more aggressive incomplete intestinal metaplasia observed in H. pylori-induced gastritis. The reduced risk of adenocarcinoma in AIG is attributed to the absence of H. pylori, a T cell-dominated microenvironment, minimal macrophage infiltration and protective factors such as altered gastric microbiota, epigenetic modifications, increased CD3+ intraepithelial cytotoxic T lymphocytes and reduced interleukin-33/interleukin-13 signaling. Although AIG is linked to preneoplastic changes, its primary neoplastic risks include the development of type I NETs and adenomatous polyps, which carry a potential for malignant transformation, necessitating long-term surveillance in patients with hypergastrinemia, extensive atrophy and associated gastric lesions. Challenges persist in distinguishing AIG from other atrophic gastritis types due to limitations in serological and histological markers, but emerging diagnostic tools, such as lymphocyte profiling and molecular assays, promise improved accuracy. This review underscores the importance of tailored surveillance and management strategies to address the distinct neoplastic risks associated with AIG, while advocating for further research into its immune landscape and molecular pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"203-247"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tourniquet test in dengue fever: how to perform and interpret?","authors":"Akshit Tuli, Ashok Kumar Pannu","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"312"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cat whiskers on the hip: a case of sarcoid myopathy.","authors":"Koki Nakamura, Masatoshi Kanda, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Hiroki Takahashi","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae215","DOIUrl":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"284-285"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex- and age-specific differences in the associations between comorbidity and incident heart failure.","authors":"Weida Qiu, Anping Cai, Shiping Wu, Yanchen Zhu, He Zheng, Yingqing Feng","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaf080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little evidence exists regarding the sex- and age-specific differences in the associations of comorbidities and incident heart failure (HF).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the sex- and age-specific associations of comorbidities and incident HF, and further calculate the population attributable fractions (PAFs) of comorbid diseases for HF by sex and age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were from a sub-cohort of the Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events Million Persons Project from Southern China. Participants were stratified by sex and by age (<60 or ≥ 60). The seven comorbidities were collected at baseline, and the study outcome was HF-related hospitalization identified from the Inpatients Registry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 102,278 participants (mean age: 54.3 years, 60.5% were women) without prevalent HF were included. After a median follow-up of 3.5 years, 1,588 participants had incident HF. Men, older age (≥60 years), and most comorbidities were significantly associated with a higher risk of HF. The associations between several comorbidities with incident HF were more prominent in women and young participants aged <60 than in men and seniors. The seven comorbidities collectively explained a significant proportion of population attributable fraction (PAF) for HF (47.1%, 95% confidence interval: 41.4, 52.2), and several sex- and age-specific differences in PAFs of comorbidities for incident HF were also observed.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>In this large, prospective cohort study, several sex- and age-specific differences in the associations between common comorbidities and incident HF were found among Chinese general adults, highlighting the importance of sex- and age-specific preventive strategies for HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral retinochoroidopathy in malignant hypertension.","authors":"Bangtao Yao, Jianhui Zhao, Bei Wang, Bin Pang","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcaf085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaf085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}