Protein & CellPub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwae013
Hao Wang, Junbo Yang, Yihong Cai, Yang Zhao
{"title":"Macrophages suppress cardiac reprogramming of fibroblasts in vivo via IFN-mediated intercellular self-stimulating circuit.","authors":"Hao Wang, Junbo Yang, Yihong Cai, Yang Zhao","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwae013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/procel/pwae013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Direct conversion of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) to cardiomyocytes (CMs) in vivo to regenerate heart tissue is an attractive approach. After myocardial infarction (MI), heart repair proceeds with an inflammation stage initiated by monocytes infiltration of the infarct zone establishing an immune microenvironment. However, whether and how the MI microenvironment influences the reprogramming of CFs remains unclear. Here, we found that in comparison with cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) cultured in vitro, CFs that transplanted into infarct region of MI mouse models resisted to cardiac reprogramming. RNA-seq analysis revealed upregulation of interferon (IFN) response genes in transplanted CFs, and subsequent inhibition of the IFN receptors increased reprogramming efficiency in vivo. Macrophage-secreted IFN-β was identified as the dominant upstream signaling factor after MI. CFs treated with macrophage-conditioned medium containing IFN-β displayed reduced reprogramming efficiency, while macrophage depletion or blocking the IFN signaling pathway after MI increased reprogramming efficiency in vivo. Co-IP, BiFC and Cut-tag assays showed that phosphorylated STAT1 downstream of IFN signaling in CFs could interact with the reprogramming factor GATA4 and inhibit the GATA4 chromatin occupancy in cardiac genes. Furthermore, upregulation of IFN-IFNAR-p-STAT1 signaling could stimulate CFs secretion of CCL2/7/12 chemokines, subsequently recruiting IFN-β-secreting macrophages. Together, these immune cells further activate STAT1 phosphorylation, enhancing CCL2/7/12 secretion and immune cell recruitment, ultimately forming a self-reinforcing positive feedback loop between CFs and macrophages via IFN-IFNAR-p-STAT1 that inhibits cardiac reprogramming in vivo. Cumulatively, our findings uncover an intercellular self-stimulating inflammatory circuit as a microenvironmental molecular barrier of in situ cardiac reprogramming that needs to be overcome for regenerative medicine applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":" ","pages":"906-929"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Protein & CellPub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwae038
{"title":"Correction to: Macrophages suppress cardiac reprogramming of fibroblasts in vivo via IFN-mediated intercellular self-stimulating circuit.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwae038","DOIUrl":"10.1093/procel/pwae038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":" ","pages":"938"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Protein & CellPub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwae020
Mengxue Zeng, Kun Wang, Qingcui Wu, Jingjin Ding, Dan Xie, Xiangbing Qi, Feng Shao
{"title":"Dissecting caspase-2-mediated cell death: from intrinsic PIDDosome activation to chemical modulation.","authors":"Mengxue Zeng, Kun Wang, Qingcui Wu, Jingjin Ding, Dan Xie, Xiangbing Qi, Feng Shao","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwae020","DOIUrl":"10.1093/procel/pwae020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caspase-2, a highly conserved member of the caspase family, is considered an initiator caspase that triggers apoptosis in response to some cellular stresses. Previous studies suggest that an intracellular multi-protein complex PIDDosome, induced by genotoxic stress, serves as a platform for caspase-2 activation. Due to caspase-2's inability to process effector caspases, however, the mechanism underlying caspase-2-mediated cell death upon PIDDosome activation remains unclear. Here, we conducted an unbiased genome-wide genetic screen and identified that the Bcl2 family protein BID is required for PIDDosome-induced, caspase-2-mediated apoptosis. PIDDosome-activated caspase-2 directly and functionally processes BID to signal the mitochondrial pathway for apoptosis induction. In addition, a designed chemical screen identified a compound, HUHS015, which specifically activates caspase-2-mediated apoptosis. HUHS015-stimulated apoptosis also requires BID but is independent of the PIDDosome. Through extensive structure-activity relationship efforts, we identified a derivative with a potency of ~60 nmol/L in activating caspase-2-mediated apoptosis. The HUHS015-series of compounds act as efficient agonists that directly target the interdomain linker in caspase-2, representing a new mode of initiator caspase activation. Human and mouse caspase-2 differ in two crucial residues in the linker, rendering a selectivity of the agonists for human caspase-2. The caspase-2 agonists are valuable tools to explore the physiological roles of caspase-2-mediated cell death and a base for developing small-molecule drugs for relevant diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":" ","pages":"889-905"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"p21/Zbtb18 repress the expression of cKit to regulate the self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells.","authors":"Nini Wang, Shangda Yang, Yu Li, Fanglin Gou, Yanling Lv, Xiangnan Zhao, Yifei Wang, Chang Xu, Bin Zhou, Fang Dong, Zhenyu Ju, Tao Cheng, Hui Cheng","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwae022","DOIUrl":"10.1093/procel/pwae022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is a complex process involving numerous cell-extrinsic and -intrinsic regulators. The first member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family of inhibitors to be identified, p21, has been reported to perform a wide range of critical biological functions, including cell cycle regulation, transcription, differentiation, and so on. Given the previous inconsistent results regarding the functions of p21 in HSCs in a p21-knockout mouse model, we employed p21-tdTomato (tdT) mice to further elucidate its role in HSCs during homeostasis. The results showed that p21-tdT+ HSCs exhibited increased self-renewal capacity compared to p21-tdT- HSCs. Zbtb18, a transcriptional repressor, was upregulated in p21-tdT+ HSCs, and its knockdown significantly impaired the reconstitution capability of HSCs. Furthermore, p21 interacted with ZBTB18 to co-repress the expression of cKit in HSCs and thus regulated the self-renewal of HSCs. Our data provide novel insights into the physiological role and mechanisms of p21 in HSCs during homeostasis independent of its conventional role as a cell cycle inhibitor.</p>","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":" ","pages":"840-857"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Protein & CellPub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad062
{"title":"Correction to: Oncogenic miR-19a and miR-19b co-regulate tumor suppressor MTUS1 to promote cell proliferation and migration in lung cancer.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwad062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/procel/pwad062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":" ","pages":"866"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139465601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Protein & CellPub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwae032
Junpeng Gao, Mengya Liu, Minjie Lu, Yuxuan Zheng, Yan Wang, Jingwei Yang, Xiaohui Xue, Yun Liu, Fuchou Tang, Shuiyun Wang, Lei Song, Lu Wen, Jizheng Wang
{"title":"Integrative analysis of transcriptome, DNA methylome, and chromatin accessibility reveals candidate therapeutic targets in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Junpeng Gao, Mengya Liu, Minjie Lu, Yuxuan Zheng, Yan Wang, Jingwei Yang, Xiaohui Xue, Yun Liu, Fuchou Tang, Shuiyun Wang, Lei Song, Lu Wen, Jizheng Wang","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwae032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/procel/pwae032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited heart disease and is characterized by primary left ventricular hypertrophy usually caused by mutations in sarcomere genes. The mechanism underlying cardiac remodeling in HCM remains incompletely understood. An investigation of HCM through integrative analysis at multi-omics levels will be helpful for treating HCM. DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility, as well as gene expression, were assessed by nucleosome occupancy and methylome sequencing (NOMe-seq) and RNA-seq, respectively, using the cardiac tissues of HCM patients. Compared with those of the controls, the transcriptome, DNA methylome, and chromatin accessibility of the HCM myocardium showed multifaceted differences. At the transcriptome level, HCM hearts returned to the fetal gene program through decreased sarcomeric and metabolic gene expression and increased extracellular matrix gene expression. In the DNA methylome, hypermethylated and hypomethylated differentially methylated regions were identified in HCM. At the chromatin accessibility level, HCM hearts showed changes in different genome elements. Several transcription factors, including SP1 and EGR1, exhibited a fetal-like pattern of binding motifs in nucleosome-depleted regions in HCM. In particular, the inhibition of SP1 or EGR1 in an HCM mouse model harboring sarcomere mutations markedly alleviated the HCM phenotype of the mutant mice and reversed fetal gene reprogramming. Overall, this study not only provides a high-precision multi-omics map of HCM heart tissue but also sheds light on the therapeutic strategy by intervening in the fetal gene reprogramming in HCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":" ","pages":"796-817"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141082074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}