Protein & Cell最新文献

Correction: Postnatal state transition of cardiomyocyte as a primary step in heart maturation. 更正：出生后心肌细胞的状态转变是心脏成熟的首要步骤。

IF 18.2 1区生物学

Protein & Cell Pub Date : 2026-10-10 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwag068

引用次数: 0

Patient‑specific profiling of TCR‑T cell efficacy enabled by a rapid and standardized reporter system. 通过快速和标准化的报告系统实现TCR - T细胞疗效的患者特异性分析。

IF 18.2 1区生物学

Protein & Cell Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwag027

Li Lu, Mengmeng Wei, Xiangxing Kong, Chenggang Hong, Wenhui Wei, Yulu Chen, Yuxin Zhu, Minghui He, Yushen Lin, Chaoqun Pan, Shuangshuang Liu, Jianqing Yu, Bo Yang, Zhan Zhou, Ji Cao, Wenbin Zhao

引用次数: 0

Structural basis of Arpin homodimerization reveals cooperative inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex through dual-site engagement. arpin同型二聚化的结构基础揭示了通过双位点接合来协同抑制Arp2/3复合物。

IF 18.2 1区生物学

Protein & Cell Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwag021

Liru Liu, Xuejiao Zhang, Yun Zhu, Mengchen Pu, Yuru Geng, Min Wang, Rongguang Zhang, Shen Ge, Sheng Ye

引用次数: 0

Molecular basis of high-torque transmission of the Vibrio polar flagellar motor. 极性鞭毛弧菌马达高扭矩传递的分子基础。

IF 18.2 1区生物学

Protein & Cell Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwag025

Ling Zhang, Jiaxing Tan, Xuemin Duan, Xiaofei Wang, Ting Wang, Keke Yuan, Michio Homma, Seiji Kojima, Yan Zhou, Yongqun Zhu

{"title":"Molecular basis of high-torque transmission of the Vibrio polar flagellar motor.","authors":"Ling Zhang, Jiaxing Tan, Xuemin Duan, Xiaofei Wang, Ting Wang, Keke Yuan, Michio Homma, Seiji Kojima, Yan Zhou, Yongqun Zhu","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwag025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/procel/pwag025","url":null,"abstract":"The bacterial flagellar motor is a protein nanomachine that rotates the flagellum to facilitate bacterial motility. These motors exhibit structural diversity among species, enabling the transmission of varying torques to flagellar filaments to grant bacteria diverse swimming capabilities. Compared to peritrichous flagellar motors, polar flagellar motors are faster machines that transmit higher torque to drive high-speed motility in liquids and empower swimming in viscous environments. However, structural basis of high-torque transmission of the polar flagellar motors is still unclear. Here we present a cryo-electron microscopy structure of the polar flagellar motor in complex with the hook from Vibrio alginolyticus, comprising 295 subunits from 18 proteins. Compared to the peritrichous flagellar rod, this structure reveals an increased number of inter-subunit interactions in the rod of the polar flagellar motor. Nine phospholipid molecules insert into the interface between the export apparatus and the proximal rod. The LP ring contains more electrostatic charges on the inner surface and has fewer physical contacts with the rod, while the HT ring tightly binds to the outer surface of the LP ring. FlrP, a protein of previously unknown function, is identified as a new component of the polar flagellar motor, and extensively participates in the interactions of 15 FliF peptides of the MS ring with the rod. In contrast to that in the peritrichous flagellum, the hook in the polar flagellum has two different conformational states, L- and R-types. These findings provide unprecedented insights into structural adaptations of the bacterial polar flagellar motors for high-torque transmission.","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":" ","pages":"954-966"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13626733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A yolk sac-derived hepatic γδ T cell subpopulation develops in a hematopoietic stem cell- and thymus-independent manner. 卵黄囊来源的肝脏γδ T细胞亚群以造血干细胞和胸腺独立的方式发育。

IF 18.2 1区生物学

Protein & Cell Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwag037

Yuzhe Chen, Chaojie Wang, Kangyu Huang, Guoju You, Bing Liu, Yu Lan

{"title":"A yolk sac-derived hepatic γδ T cell subpopulation develops in a hematopoietic stem cell- and thymus-independent manner.","authors":"Yuzhe Chen, Chaojie Wang, Kangyu Huang, Guoju You, Bing Liu, Yu Lan","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwag037","DOIUrl":"10.1093/procel/pwag037","url":null,"abstract":"γδ T cells are a highly heterogeneous T cell lineage with diverse immunological functions; however, the developmental origins underlying this heterogeneity, particularly the existence and physiological relevance of extrathymic pathways, remain incompletely defined. Our previously generated transcriptomic datasets indicate that Stab2 is specifically expressed in the yolk sac but not the aortic endothelial cells. Leveraging this spatially restricted expression pattern, we generated a Stab2-CrexERT2 inducible genetic lineage tracing mouse model and demonstrated its ability to label yolk sac-derived hematopoietic cells in vivo. Importantly, we detected the contribution of the yolk sac endothelial cells labeled at embryonic day 9.5 to a subset of Vγ1 γδ T cells in the adult liver but hardly to any hematopoietic progenitors in the thymus and bone marrow. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling combined with functional evaluation revealed that the Stab2-labeled yolk sac endothelial cell-derived hepatic γδ T cells preferentially enrich IFN-γ-producing γδ T1 cells and overrepresent characteristics associated with tissue homeostasis and repair. Collectively, our findings provide direct in vivo evidence for the existence of a bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell-independent and thymus-independent developmental pathway of liver γδ T cells originating from yolk sac endothelial cells, and suggest that different origins and developmental paths may confer distinct functional properties to γδ T cells.","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":" ","pages":"922-933"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13626739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148157822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Organelle-anchored translation factories: the roles of neuronal RNA-binding protein condensates in organizing local protein synthesis in neurological diseases. 细胞器锚定的翻译工厂：神经系统疾病中神经元RBP凝聚物在组织局部蛋白质合成中的作用

IF 18.2 1区生物学

Protein & Cell Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwag026

Semin Park, Hari Lim, Jin-A Lee

{"title":"Organelle-anchored translation factories: the roles of neuronal RNA-binding protein condensates in organizing local protein synthesis in neurological diseases.","authors":"Semin Park, Hari Lim, Jin-A Lee","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwag026","DOIUrl":"10.1093/procel/pwag026","url":null,"abstract":"Neurons face a fundamental proteostasis challenge: synapses and axons located far from the soma must rapidly remodel their proteome during activity, stress, and development. While local protein synthesis has long been recognized as essential for meeting these demands, classical models largely focused on ribonucleoprotein granules as autonomous carriers of translationally silent mRNAs, treating membranous organelles as parallel logistics or metabolic systems. Recent work overturns this view, revealing that endosomes, lysosomes, axonal endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and their contact sites actively function as mobile translation platforms. In this review, we propose an RBP-centered framework in which phase-separated condensates physically tether specific mRNA cohorts to organelle surfaces, coupling mRNA transport, translational control, and organelle dynamics into a unified network. By organizing recent discoveries into functional modules-long-range transport, localized translation, and stress buffering-this neuron-focused framework identifies organelle-anchored translation factories as a unifying principle of synaptic proteostasis and a broadly applicable design paradigm for highly polarized cells. Keywords RNA-binding proteins, ribonucleoprotein granules, neuronal local translation, organelle-anchored translation.","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":" ","pages":"908-921"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13626737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epigenetic dynamics of human spermatogenesis and their dysregulation in non-obstructive azoospermia. 人类精子发生的表观遗传动力学及其在非阻塞性无精子症中的失调。

IF 18.2 1区生物学

Protein & Cell Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwag033

Haoling Xie, Jingyi Li, Li Zhang, Xueqiang Xu, Zhenhuan Jiang, Youran Cao, Lu Wen, Jie Qiao, Fuchou Tang

{"title":"Epigenetic dynamics of human spermatogenesis and their dysregulation in non-obstructive azoospermia.","authors":"Haoling Xie, Jingyi Li, Li Zhang, Xueqiang Xu, Zhenhuan Jiang, Youran Cao, Lu Wen, Jie Qiao, Fuchou Tang","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwag033","DOIUrl":"10.1093/procel/pwag033","url":null,"abstract":"Spermatogenesis is an intricately regulated epigenetic process, yet the exact chromatin dynamics during human meiosis and their systemic failure in non-obstructive azoospermia remain elusive due to the sparsity of single-cell epigenomic data in previous studies. Here, leveraging a high-quality scATAC-seq approach, we mapped over 810,000 cis-regulatory elements across human spermatogenesis. We uncovered a highly synchronized, wave-like activation of master transcription factor networks that precisely orchestrates meiotic progression. Crucially, we traced the dynamic process of opening and closing of chromatin states at meiotic DNA double-strand break hotspot regions at single-cell resolution, defining a transient epigenetic window where thousands of these predefined regions become specifically accessible. In NOA patients, this delicate architecture collapses, leading to severe spermatogenic arrest predominantly at the zygotene stage. We characterize this pathogenesis as the temporal dephasing and decoupling of the activities of master TFs. Furthermore, aberrantly reduced chromatin accessibility at DSB hotspot regions in NOA is potentially associated with defective DSB formation, accompanied by a two- to three-fold increase in sperm aneuploidy. Finally, we establish a functional paradigm for interpreting male infertility by linking non-coding GWAS variants (e.g., the MHC II locus) and rare point mutations to the disruption of cis-regulatory elements. Together, our findings establish a high-resolution epigenetic framework for human spermatogenesis and provide a mechanistic basis for decoding the etiology and heterogeneity of non-obstructive azoospermia.","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":" ","pages":"934-953"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13626738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148006576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier: what we have learned and where we are heading? 基于血红蛋白的氧载体：我们学到了什么，我们将走向何方？

IF 18.2 1区生物学

Protein & Cell Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwag019

Han Xiao, Weiliang Xia

引用次数: 0

Mosaic Loss of the Y Chromosome: Mechanisms and Diseases Y染色体镶嵌缺失：机制和疾病

IF 21.1 1区生物学

Protein & Cell Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwag073

Qi Zhang,Jiang Yu,Xiaoqian Zhai,Luocheng Zhang,Junhui Peng,Cheng Deng,Yu Liu,Qinghua Zhou,Ting Niu,Fengming Luo,Chong Chen

{"title":"Mosaic Loss of the Y Chromosome: Mechanisms and Diseases","authors":"Qi Zhang,Jiang Yu,Xiaoqian Zhai,Luocheng Zhang,Junhui Peng,Cheng Deng,Yu Liu,Qinghua Zhou,Ting Niu,Fengming Luo,Chong Chen","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwag073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/procel/pwag073","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mosaic loss of the Y chromosome (mLOY) is a male‑specific somatic loss of the Y chromosome that is predominantly observed in peripheral blood leukocytes, but can also be found in other tissue types. It represents one of the most common male-specific somatic mutations, particularly prevalent in aging individuals. Accumulating evidence shows that mLOY markedly increases the incidence, progression, and adverse prognosis of multiple diseases, including, but not limited to, myocardial fibrosis, lung and bladder cancers, and Alzheimer’s disease. Mechanistically, for extrinsic effects of mLOY, hematopoietic mLOY affect other cell populations, thereby promoting disease initiation and progression. From an intrinsic effects, mLOY within cells reprograms autosomal gene expression and reshapes interactions with the immune microenvironment, jointly driving malignant evolution. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of both intrinsic and extrinsic mLOY effects on immune regulation and disease pathogenesis, highlighting its multifaceted roles across cancer, cardiovascular disorders, infections, and other mLOY-associated conditions.","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149090230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human intestinal organoid models: Advancing Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research. 人类肠道类器官模型：推进炎症性肠病研究。

IF 18.2 1区生物学

Protein & Cell Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwag071

Haifang Wang, Yandong Chen, Hui Liu, Xiaojuan Liu, Yang Yu

{"title":"Human intestinal organoid models: Advancing Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research.","authors":"Haifang Wang, Yandong Chen, Hui Liu, Xiaojuan Liu, Yang Yu","doi":"10.1093/procel/pwag071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/procel/pwag071","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which affects the health of millions of people worldwide, is increasing. The etiology and pathogenesis of IBD are complex, and well-established in vitro models that closely mimic disease development and progression in humans are currently lacking. This has hindered in-depth analyses of disease mechanisms and the development of effective therapeutic targets. Recently, emerging organoid technology, particularly the establishment of patient-derived intestinal organoid systems, has seemingly invigorated IBD research. This article combines recent research progress to discuss the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis, summarize the strategies of gut organoid construction, provide an overview of the main current applications of intestinal organoid models in IBD research and possible therapies, and discuss the prospects and limitations of organoid technology. It is intended to serve as a foundational resource for both established and emerging scholars in this discipline. Moreover, this work may offer a reference for clinicians in selecting personalized strategies for treating patients with refractory IBD, informing the advancement of precision medicine.","PeriodicalId":20790,"journal":{"name":"Protein & Cell","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149081896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0