Psychopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Behavioural effects of oral cannabidiol (CBD) treatment in the superoxide dismutase 1 G93 A (SOD1^{G93 A}) mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.","authors":"Sandip Ghimire, Fabian Kreilaus, Rossana Rosa Porto, Lyndsey L Anderson, Justin J Yerbury, Jonathon C Arnold, Tim Karl","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06785-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06785-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting voluntary muscle movement as well as cognitive and other behavioural domains at later disease stages. No effective treatment for ALS is currently available. Elevated neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and alterations to the endocannabinoid system are evident in ALS. The phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Thus, we evaluated the remedial effects of chronic oral cannabidiol (CBD) treatment on ALS-relevant behavioural domains in the copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) mouse model of ALS that carries a G93A mutation (SOD1^G93A).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male and female SOD1^G93A and wild type-like (WT) littermates were fed either a control (CHOW) or CBD-enriched chow diet (equivalent to a dose of 36 mg/kg per day) beginning from 10 weeks of age. Bodyweight and motor performance were recorded weekly from 11 to 19 weeks and open field behaviours at 12 and 18 weeks. Mice were also tested for prepulse inhibition (PPI), social behaviours, as well as fear-associated memory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CBD treatment ameliorated the bodyweight loss in female SOD1^G93A mice, tended to reinstate sociability in SOD1^G93A males, strengthened social recognition memory in SOD1^G93A females, and improved the PPI response in younger SOD1^G93A females at higher prepulse intensities. CBD had no effect on motor impairments but instead reversed the anxiolytic-like phenotype of 12-week-old male SOD1^G93A mice and decreased the acoustic startle response and strengthened cue freezing in male mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, the current remedial oral dose of CBD delayed disease progression (inferred by bodyweight) in both male and female mice and improve specific cognitive deficits of SOD1^G93A mice in a sex specific manner without altering the motor phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of strategic status signaling: oxytocin changes men's fluctuations of status products preferences in their female partners' menstrual cycle.","authors":"Honghong Tang, Hongyu Fu, Song Su, Luqiong Tong, Yina Ma, Chao Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06783-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06783-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Women exhibit subtle fluctuations in mating-related behaviors throughout their menstrual cycle, and men are capable of detecting these ovulatory cues. This ability may impact male mating behavior, prompting adjustments in their preferences for consumer products based on these signals. Nonetheless, the potential influence of oxytocin on men's preferences for status products, particularly in the context of their female partners' menstrual cycles, is not yet known.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to explore how oxytocin regulates men's responses to their female partners' ovulation in heterosexual romantic relationships by specifically examining changes in their preferences for status consumption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Through a pilot study (N = 110) and two main studies (N₁ = 789, N₂ = 120), we analyzed how oxytocin influences fluctuations in men's preferences for status products throughout their female partners' menstrual cycles. In Study 1, we examined the impact of the female menstrual cycle on men's preferences for status products. In Study 2, we employed intranasal oxytocin to investigate its modulatory effect on the menstrual cycle's influence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings revealed that men demonstrated a lower preference for status products during their partners' ovulation compared to non-ovulatory phases. Furthermore, intranasal oxytocin significantly reduced men's liking for status products during the ovulatory phase, but not during the menstrual phase, with a stronger effect observed among men with a heightened intuitive inclination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that men in committed relationships strategically adapt their consumption of status products according to their female partners' menstrual cycles, with oxytocin playing a moderating role in this adaptation and individual differences influencing responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolution of N, N-Dimethyltryptamine: from metabolic pathways to brain connectivity.","authors":"Swanti Gupta, Raj K Bhatnagar, Dinesh Gupta, Maharaj Kumari K, Amla Chopra","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06777-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06777-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a potent serotonergic psychedelic, bridges ancient wisdom and modern science. The mechanisms underlying its powerful psychedelic effects and out-of-body experiences continue to intrigue scientists. The functional role of DMT remains ambiguous. This paper explores the endogenous presence of DMT in the human body and its diverse neuroregulatory functions, which influence hierarchical brain connectivity, and the mechanisms driving its psychedelic effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper aims to analyze DMT-receptor binding, its effects on neuronal modulation, brain oscillations, and connectivity, and its influence on hallucinations, out-of-body experiences, and cognitive functions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DMT administration induces significant changes in brain wave dynamics, including reduced alpha power, increased delta power, and heightened Lempel-Ziv complexity, reflecting enhanced neural signal diversity. Functional neuroimaging studies reveal that DMT enhances global functional connectivity (GFC), particularly in transmodal association cortices such as the salience network, frontoparietal network, and default mode network, correlating with ego dissolution. The receptor density-dependent effects of DMT were mapped to brain regions rich in serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, supporting its role in modulating consciousness and neuroplasticity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This integrated analysis provides insights into the profound effects of DMT on human cognition, and consciousness, and its role in enhancing natural well-being. As we uncover the endogenous functions of DMT, it becomes clear that the study of its biology reveals a complex interplay between brain chemistry and consciousness.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin ameliorates chronic restraint stress- and LPS-induced anxiety-like behaviors by modulating neuroinflammation in the lateral hypothalamus.","authors":"Xinxin Wang, Guangdong Weng, Yunpei Gao, Yu Wang, Chengxin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06784-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06784-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Quercetin is a natural flavonoid which has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anxiolytic properties. Neuroinflammation has recently been identified as a major cause of anxiety disorders. Both the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) are important brain regions that regulate anxiety. This study aims to explore the effect of quercetin on anxiety-like behaviors, as well as the underlying mechanisms associated with neuroinflammation in the LH and BNST.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The anxiety models were established in male mice by chronic restraint stress (CRS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. The elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field (OF) tests were used to evaluate anxiety level. Immunofluorescent staining and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to examine the expression of microglia and inflammatory cytokines in the LH and BNST of male mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Behavioral data showed that quercetin treatment in male mice significantly alleviated anxiety in the EPM and OF tests. Examination of the inflammation level further revealed that quercetin administration significantly inhibited microglia activation in the LH and BNST of CRS- and LPS-treated male mice, while concurrently reducing the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the LH of CRS-treated male mice, as well as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA expression in the LH of LPS-treated male mice. Furthermore, we found that the expression of NF-κB was downregulated by quercetin in the LH of CRS-treated male mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study indicates the clinical potential of quercetin in neuroinflammation-related anxiety, and begins to show that the underlying mechanism in the chronic restraint stress condition may potentially involve the modulation of NF‑κB signaling pathway in the LH.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex specific effects of ketamine, but not other glutamate receptor modulators, on ethanol self-administration and reinstatement of ethanol seeking in rats.","authors":"Megan L Bertholomey, Camryn Forbes, Bryan D McElroy, Mary M Torregrossa","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06782-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06782-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Alcohol use and major depressive disorder are frequently comorbid, with individuals diagnosed with a substance use disorder being nearly three times as likely to have major depression. Poor treatment responses are found for both disorders and are further complicated when they co-occur, underscoring the need for better therapies. One potential candidate is ketamine, which has been shown to have rapid and long-lasting effects in individuals with treatment-resistant depression and, in some studies, reduces drinking in alcohol use disorder. However, though women are more likely to have this comorbidity, few studies have examined sex-specific effects of ketamine on alcohol drinking, nor have studies assessed the potential for ketamine to reduce reinstatement of alcohol seeking.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The primary goal of the present studies was to determine the effects of ketamine on alcohol-motivated behaviors in male and female rats, including in a model of stress + cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking using yohimbine (YOH).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a selective reduction in alcohol self-administration and YOH + cue-induced reinstatement in females, but not males at a dose of 10 mg/kg ketamine. However, the same dose of ketamine was effective in reducing YOH + cue-induced reinstatement of saccharin seeking in both sexes. In addition, a different NMDAR antagonist, memantine, was effective in reducing alcohol seeking in both sexes, while the ketamine metabolite hydroxynorketamine (HNK) had no effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In summary, these data suggest that antagonism of NMDARs may be effective in reducing stress-related alcohol seeking, but that ketamine has unique properties that lead to female-specific effects on alcohol seeking.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on the study \"the efficacy and safety of zuranolone for treatment of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis\".","authors":"Mohammad Umer, Zaofasha Zaheer, Aiman Naveed","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06776-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06776-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agonism at mGluR2 receptors reduces dysfunctional checking on a rodent analogue of compulsive-like checking in obsessive compulsive disorder.","authors":"Colin McKenzie, Bart Sloot, Felippe Espinelli Amorim, Trevor W Robbins, Amy L Milton","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06774-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06774-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects 1-3% of the population. Current therapies, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, are not universally effective in managing OCD. Recent discoveries indicating hyperactivation of key regions within the corticostriatal thalamic circuitry that supports OCD, and alterations in the ratio of glutamate: GABA in regions such as the anterior cingulate cortex, suggest that drugs targeting glutamatergic signalling may be effective in reducing OCD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study sought to determine whether two drugs targeting metabotropic glutamate receptors could reduce excessive checking behaviour in a rodent analogue of compulsive-like checking in OCD, the Observing Response Task (ORT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats were trained on the ORT and separately classified on a pavlovian autoshaping task to identify the subpopulation of sign-trackers, which show higher levels of excessive checking. Once responding had stabilised, rats received systemic administration of different doses of the mGluR2 positive allosteric modulator AZD-8529 and its vehicle in a Latin square design, and the effects on ORT performance were assessed. Following completion of AZD-8529 dosing, a subset of rats received administration of different doses of the mGluR2/3 agonist LY404039 and its vehicle in a Latin square design, and ORT performance assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both AZD-8529 and LY404039 produced dose-dependent reductions in checking behaviour, including at doses that did not impair generalised measures of task performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The similarity in effect of AZD-8529 and LY404039 suggests that the capacity of these drugs to reduce checking is mediated by mGluR2s, which may provide a promising target for future treatment development for OCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the genetic links between substance use disorder and cancer vulnerability.","authors":"Xin Su, Xiaoyan Mo, Jun Kan, Fan Yang, Bei Zhang, Yuanyuan Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06781-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06781-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, imposing a significant public health burden. While cannabis and opioids are widely used in cancer pain management, their potential for abuse and addiction has raised concerns regarding their long-term health effects, including possible associations with cancer risk. However, the relationship between substance use disorders (SUDs) and cancer susceptibility remains controversial. This Mendelian randomization (MR) study aimed to investigate the potential causal effects of cannabis use disorder (CUD) and opioids use disorder (OUD) on cancer vulnerability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a two-sample MR study using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies, including data from FinnGen and UK Biobank. The primary analytical approach was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW), complemented by a range of sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IVW analysis identified a causal association between OUD and bladder cancer (OR = 1.040, 95% CI 1.004-1.078, P = 0.029, adj. P = 0.125), acute myeloid leukemia (OR = 0.931, 95% CI 0.885-0.978, P = 0.005, adj. P = 0.061) and ovarian cancer (OR = 0.937, 95% CI 0.891-0.984, P = 0.010, adj. P = 0.064). Sensitivity analysis yielded directionally consistent results. Reverse MR analysis provided no statistically significant evidence supporting a causal effect of these cancers on OUD (all P > 0.05). Additionally, no evidence of a significant causal relationship was observed between CUD and any cancer type (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests a potential causal link between OUD and increased susceptibility to bladder cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, and ovarian cancer, warranting further investigation in larger, multi-ethnic population studies. These results contribute to the ongoing discourse on the long-term health impacts of substance use disorders and highlight the need for further research to elucidate their potential oncogenic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poly ADP-ribosylation regulates Arc expression and promotes adaptive stress-coping.","authors":"Eliyahu Dahan, Leah Pergamenshik, Tze'ela Taub, Arthur Vovk, Jade Manier, Raphael Avneri, Elad Lax","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06744-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-025-06744-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Rapid adaptation to stressful events is essential for survival and requires acute stress response and stress-coping strategy. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern this coping strategy have yet to be fully discovered.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of poly ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) on stress-coping strategies following acute stress and to identify the target genes influenced by Parp1-induced histone PARylation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mice were subjected to a forced swim test, a well-established acute stress paradigm, to evaluate cortical PARylation and assess the expression of activity-dependent genes. The pharmacological inhibition of Parp1 was conducted using ABT888 (Veliparib) to determine its effects on stress-coping behavior and related molecular changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The forced swim test increased cortical PARylation and upregulated the expression of activity-dependent genes. Systemic inhibition of Parp1 with ABT888 led to impaired stress-coping behavior, evidenced by a reduced immobility response during a subsequent forced swim test done 24 hours later. This impairment was associated with decreased chromatin PARylation and histone H4 acetylation at the Arc promoter and reduced Arc expression observed one hour after Parp1 inhibition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that chromatin PARylation at the Arc promoters regulates histone H4 acetylation and Arc gene expression, and a subsequent impact on successful stress-coping behavior in response to acute stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"741-750"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the effects of adolescent social isolation stress on the serotonin system and ethanol-motivated behaviors.","authors":"Bryan D McElroy, Chen Li, Nicholas S McCloskey, Amber R Alberici, Lynn G Kirby","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06749-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-025-06749-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Alcohol is one of the most frequently used drugs of abuse and has a major impact on human health worldwide. People assigned female at birth and those with adverse childhood experiences are stress-vulnerable and more likely to report drinking as a means of \"self-medication.\" Prior studies in our laboratory showed that adolescent social isolation stress (SIS) increases vulnerability to ethanol (EtOH) intake and consumption despite negative consequences in female rats.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Here, we explored modulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN)-serotonin (5-HT) system, a sexually dimorphic neurotransmitter system involved in stress-reward interactions, to determine its contribution to EtOH-motivated behaviors in rats that have undergone SIS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We employed electrophysiological and functional neuroanatomy strategies to show that both SIS and EtOH exposure induce persistent hypofunction of the DRN 5-HT system, particularly in females. Chemogenetic activation of DRN 5-HT neurons attenuated reward value for both EtOH and sucrose and elevated punished responding for EtOH in a stress-dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results highlight an inverse relationship between EtOH consumption and the 5-HT system, the sex- and stress-dependent nature of this relationship, and a connection between DRN 5-HT signaling and acute responding to rewards and punishment. These data support the DRN 5-HT system as a potential target to treat aberrant alcohol consumption and drinking despite negative consequences in stress-vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"763-781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}