Psychopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Telmisartan mitigates behavioral and cytokine level alterations but impairs spatial working memory in a phencyclidine-induced mouse model of schizophrenia.","authors":"Ana Carolina Dutra-Tavares, Julyana Gomes Maia, Thainá Pereira de Souza, Claudio Carneiro Filgueiras, Anderson Ribeiro-Carvalho, Alex Christian Manhães, Yael Abreu-Villaça","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06805-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06805-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>The central renin-angiotensin system (cRAS) is a neuromodulator system that has been associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Mainly through angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor activation, cRAS increases dopamine release in striatum, and modulates glutamate release and brain cytokine levels.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Considering that schizophrenia pathophysiology involves both neurotransmission and cytokine unbalance, we verified whether AT1 receptor blockade would have beneficial effects on a mouse model of schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Phencyclidine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, was used to model schizophrenia in C57BL/6 male and female mice, while AT1 receptor antagonism was achieved by telmisartan administration. From postnatal day (PN) 60 to 70, mice received daily injections of telmisartan (0.25 or 1 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline, followed by phencyclidine (2.5 mg/kg, PN60-69; 10 mg/kg on PN70, s.c.) or saline. Mice were submitted to behavioral tests (PN63-70) and the frontal cerebral cortex and hippocampus were harvested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Telmisartan lower dose reversed phencyclidine-evoked reduced levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10, as well as AT1 receptor downregulation in the frontal cortex. Its higher dose mitigated hyperactivity (schizophrenia-like positive symptomatology). Deleterious effects were also identified. Both telmisartan doses, when combined with phencyclidine, impaired spatial working memory, and caused prepulse inhibition deficits (an endophenotype of schizophrenia) at one prepulse intensity used, being most unfavorable at the lower dose.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite evidence of beneficial effects, the telmisartan-mediated impairments observed in the phencyclidine model bring concerns as to the use of this AT1 receptor antagonist as a potential therapeutic agent in schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-extending placebo effect in a rat model of buprenorphine maintenance treatment.","authors":"Kayla M Pitts, Emma M Pilz, Luana Colloca, Yavin Shaham, Jonathan J Chow","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06815-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06815-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale and objective: </strong>Clinical studies have shown that exposure to placebos or combining placebos with a lower medication dose can mimic the effect of a higher effective medication dose. This \"dose-extending placebo effect\" has been demonstrated in treatment for pain and other medical conditions but not in addiction. Here, we tested if a \"dose-extending placebo effect\" occurs in a rat model of opioid (buprenorphine) maintenance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We trained 27 rats to self-administer remifentanil (5 µg/kg/infusion, 1-h per day). Next, we implanted some rats with buprenorphine minipumps (3 mg/kg/day, Exp. 1) or pretreated others with daily intravenous buprenorphine (0.3 mg/kg, Exp. 2), and introduced a discriminative cue (houselight + tone) during the self-administration sessions (the buprenorphine-maintenance cue). After discontinuing buprenorphine treatment, we retrained the rats for remifentanil self-administration without the cue. Next, we tested the effect of low and high buprenorphine doses (0.15 and 0.3 mg/kg), the buprenorphine-maintenance cue, and the combination of the low-dose with the cue on remifentanil self-administration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rats learned to self-administer remifentanil, and buprenorphine maintenance suppressed drug self-administration. The low buprenorphine dose modestly decreased self-administration, while the high dose caused a strong inhibition. Tests for the \"dose-extending placebo effect\" showed that discriminative buprenorphine cue alone had no effect, while the low dose plus the buprenorphine cue mimicked the inhibitory effect of the high dose.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This proof-of-concept study suggests that a \"dose-extending placebo effect\" can be modeled in rats undergoing opioid maintenance. This approach could support dose-reduction strategies in humans undergoing opioid maintenance therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xanthouhumol relieves stress-induced depressive-like behaviors through the Sirt1/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.","authors":"Gangqiang Lin, Yi Zhang, Jing Qin, Yong He, Li Fan, Qing Tan, Peng Xie","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06819-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06819-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Depression is a complicated neuropsychiatric disorder with multifactorial etiology, involving alterations in behavior, neuroinflammatory processes, and oxidative homeostasis. Chronic stress disrupts synaptic plasticity and promotes neuroinflammation and redox imbalance, with pronounced effects in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated flavonoid, has demonstrated neuroprotective properties; however, its therapeutic potential in the context of stress-induced depression has not been fully exploited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to examine whether XN alleviates depressive-like behaviors in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model, as well as to delve into the underlying mechanisms involving neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, synaptic function, and the Sirt1/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to a 3-week CUMS protocol and administered XN at a dose of 20 mg/kg via intragastric gavage. Behavioral evaluations included the sucrose preference test, tail suspension test, and forced swim test to assess anhedonia and behavioral despair. mPFC tissues were collected for analysis of neuroinflammatory cytokines, Nissl staining, immunofluorescence, oxidative stress biomarkers, and synaptic protein expression. In addition, protein levels of Sirt1, phosphorylated NF-κB (phospho-NF-κB), total NF-κB, and NLRP3 in the mPFC were quantified via western blotting analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>XN treatment significantly ameliorated depressive-like behaviors and enhanced synaptic protein expression within the mPFC. XN markedly diminished the pro-inflammatory cytokines expression and attenuated oxidative stress via the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, thereby boosting the brain's antioxidant capacity. Additionally, XN upregulated the expression of Sirt1 and suppressed the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway activation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>XN exerts antidepressant-like impact through the Sirt1/NF-κB/NLRP3 and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways, highlighting XN as a potentially effective therapeutic alternative for stress-induced depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preconceptual paternal ethanol drinking induces sexually dimorphic behavioural changes across 2 generations.","authors":"Sahir Hussain, Darren Day, Bart A Ellenbroek","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06807-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06807-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess both the inter and transgenerational impacts of preconceptual paternal ethanol Exposure (PPEE) using a rat model. Sprague Dawley male rats (F0) underwent chronic voluntary ethanol intake and at the end of the drinking paradigm were kept for one spermatogenesis cycle before being mated with ethanol naïve females. The litters and matched controls were behaviourally assessed, and a cohort of F1 males mated to observe a F2 generation. PPEE caused behavioural changes in both the F1 and F2 generations, including altering litter sizes and delaying development. The F1 also show a reduction in sensitivity to the motor impairing effects of ethanol compared to controls. Sexually dimorphic effects were seen with female offspring having a reduced preference to ethanol in both the F1 and F2, while tolerance to ethanol induced motor coordination was seen in the F2 females but not F2 males. Likewise, F1 males presented reductions in locomotor activity but these effects did not persist in the F2. The findings show PPEE induces transgenerational changes in development, drinking behaviour and ethanol sensitivity in a sexually dimorphic manner. These changes may be protective to the female offspring of PPEE to modify their ethanol intake. The alterations demonstrate potential far-reaching consequences for the metabolism of xenotoxic substances extending beyond ethanol and provides evidence to support developmental and behavioural changes across generations due to paternal alcohol consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early maternal separation potentiates the impact of later social isolation in inducing depressive-like behavior via oxidative stress in adult rats.","authors":"Yating Chen, Jingjing Du, Mengzhu Lei, Na Ji, Wei Zhang, Chuanyu Li, Bo Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06811-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06811-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Individuals who have experienced early life stress (ELS) are more vulnerable to later life stress induced depression, which might attribute to ELS potentiated impact of later life stress. The presumption and neurobiological mechanisms involved require further validation and elucidation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate impact of pre-weaning maternal separation (MS) on post-weaning social isolation (SI) in inducing depressive-like behavior, and involvement of central oxidative stress, glutamatergic and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) signaling in the process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male offspring were exposed to MS, SI or maternal separation and social isolation (MSSI) stress, respectively. Subjects were treated with saline, antioxidant diallyl disulfide (DADS) (30 mg/kg, i.g.) or antidepressant fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p.), for two weeks before behavioral tests in adolescents or adults. Depressive-like behavior was assessed with sucrose preference, forced swim and tail suspension tests. Concentrations of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), glutathione and superoxide dismutase in hippocampus and serum, and hippocampal protein expressions of glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1), BDNF and TrkB were assessed by western blotting analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MSSI, rather than MS or SI, induced significant depressive-like behavior, in adults but not adolescents. Consistently, only MSSI significantly elevated 4-HNE, whereas inhibited GLT-1, BDNF and TrkB in adult hippocampus. MSSI induced behavioral and biochemical abnormalities in adults were reversed by DADS or fluoxetine treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early MS age-dependently potentiates later SI impact in inducing depressive-like behavior in male rats, through elevating oxidative stress and interrupting glutamatergic and BDNF/TrkB signaling in the brain. Results further suggest antioxidant treatment as a promising anti-depressant avenue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xylazine potentiates the interoceptive effects of fentanyl in male and female rats.","authors":"Brooke N Bender, Joseph M Carew, Madigan L Bedard, Zoe A McElligott, Joyce Besheer","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06804-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-025-06804-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Xylazine, a sedative typically used in veterinary medicine, has been increasingly detected as an adulterant in the unregulated opioid supply and present in opioid overdose deaths. Therefore, xylazine-adulterated fentanyl is a growing public health concern. People who use drugs have reported that xylazine changes and prolongs the effects of fentanyl.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We used standard operant drug discrimination procedures to better understand how xylazine impacts the discriminative stimulus/interoceptive effects of fentanyl.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male and female Long-Evans rats (n = 23) were trained to discriminate fentanyl (0.032 mg/kg intraperitoneal) such that one lever was reinforced with sucrose on days when fentanyl was administered, and the other lever was reinforced when vehicle was administered. Once rats met testing criteria, we tested a dose range of fentanyl to confirm discriminative stimulus control, then we tested if xylazine alone produced fentanyl-like effects and if the addition of xylazine to fentanyl impacted fentanyl interoceptive effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stimulus control was confirmed, as rats showed increased percent responses on the fentanyl-appropriate lever as well as decreased response rates for increasing doses of fentanyl. Xylazine alone did not substitute for the stimulus effects of fentanyl but produced similar response rate reductions as fentanyl alone. Xylazine co-administered with fentanyl potentiated the stimulus effects of lower doses of fentanyl in both males and females and potentiated response rate reductions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that xylazine enhances the interoceptive effects of fentanyl, which may inform clinical research about xylazine-adulterated fentanyl.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sildenafil promotes dual memory effects in young rats: involvement of dopamine reuptake.","authors":"Maria Florencia Constantin, Emilce Artur de la Villarmois, José Leonardo Bravo, Aida Marcotti, Marisa Ghersi, Facundo Castro, Gastón Diego Calfa, María Dolores Rubianes, Mariela Fernanda Pérez","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06806-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06806-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, crosses the blood-brain barrier, enhancing cGMP signaling, dopamine neurotransmission, and hippocampal plasticity-key mechanisms for learning and memory.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to (1) determine whether sildenafil influences hippocampal dopamine levels by modulating dopamine transporter (DAT) function in naïve young rats; (2) assess sildenafil-induced dopamine increases by evaluating its impact on hippocampal-dependent memories in non-aversive and aversive tasks; and (3) examine the effects of acute sildenafil administration on hippocampal synaptic plasticity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DAT function was assessed through ex-vivo dopamine reuptake analysis in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens of rats sacrificed 2 h post-administration. Memory effects were evaluated by administering sildenafil 2 h before training in non-aversive (novel object recognition-NOR, Y-maze, Barnes maze) and aversive (step-down inhibitory avoidance, fear conditioning) tasks. To examine D3 receptor (D3R) involvement, a subset of animals received the selective D3R antagonist FAUC-365 before NOR training. Synaptic plasticity was analyzed via electrophysiology and dendritic spine density.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sildenafil reduced dopamine reuptake, likely by inhibiting DAT. It impaired NOR performance, an effect prevented by D3R antagonism, while leaving working and long-term spatial memory unaffected. Additionally, sildenafil enhanced aversive memory expression, facilitated hippocampal long-term potentiation, and increased dendritic spine density.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sildenafil differentially affected hippocampal-dependent memory, potentially by increasing dopamine transmission. In young, healthy individuals, sildenafil may impair recognition memory and alter responses to non-threatening stimuli, influencing cognitive and emotional processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychedelic-like effects induced by 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine, lysergic acid diethylamide, and psilocybin in male and female C57BL/6J mice.","authors":"Shelby A McGriff, Jacquelin C Hecker, Alexander D Maitland, John S Partilla, Michael H Baumann, Grant C Glatfelter","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06795-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-025-06795-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>The head twitch response (HTR) is a spontaneously occurring behavior in mice that is increased in frequency by serotonergic psychedelics. The mouse HTR is often used as a proxy for psychedelic-like drug effects, but limited information is available about sex differences in HTRs evoked by various classes of psychedelics (i.e., phenethylamines, lysergamides, tryptamines).</p><p><strong>Objective and methods: </strong>To examine potential sex differences in responsiveness to structurally-distinct psychedelics, acute effects of subcutaneous 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodo-amphetamine (DOI, 0.03-10 mg/kg), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD, 0.003-1 mg/kg), and 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (psilocybin, 0.03-10 mg/kg) on HTRs were compared in male and female C57BL/6J mice. For comparison, effects of the drugs on locomotor activity and body temperature were also determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Drug potencies for inducing HTRs were similar in males and females for all drugs, with only LSD exhibiting detectable differences due to increased maximal counts in females. Importantly, the maximum number of HTRs observed for all drugs was higher in females, with significant differences between sexes for DOI and LSD. Dose x sex interactions for the dose-response data were statistically significant for psilocybin and LSD, with females displaying more HTRs after the highest or peak doses of all drugs. The acute effects of drugs on locomotion and temperature varied by drug, but were similar in both sexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present results overall show no substantial sex differences in the potencies to induce HTRs for DOI, LSD, and psilocybin in C57BL/6J mice. However, females uniformly displayed more HTRs at high doses administered across chemotypes. The results further suggest that commonly used doses of psychedelics induce comparable psychedelic-like effects in male and female C57BL/6J mice, but modest differences may emerge at high doses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the endocannabinoid system in the interplay of adverse childhood experiences and interleukin 6 in individuals with borderline personality disorder.","authors":"Jennifer Spohrs, Valentin Kühnle, Stefan O Reber, David Mikusky, Niklas Sanhüter, Ana Macchia, Sandra Nickel, Birgit Abler","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06809-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06809-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been identified as a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders from childhood to adult life along with the dysregulation of neuroendocrinological processes mediating stress and inflammation. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has been found to play a putative role in the release of inflammatory cytokines.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the role of the ECS in the interplay between ACEs and interleukin 6 (IL-6) as an inflammatory marker.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed ACEs (CTQ, Bernstein et al. 2003), plasma IL-6 and endocannabinoid concentrations (anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in a cohort comprising 48 female individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and 31 matched healthy controls (HCs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found higher IL-6 levels in individuals with BPD compared to HCs and, across all study participants, observed significant positive correlations between AEA, 2-AG and IL-6 levels. CTQ sum scores correlated positively with IL-6 concentrations at a trend level (statistically significant for sexual abuse). Correlations between CTQ sum scores and IL-6 levels were particularly strong in participants with low endocannabinoid levels (lowest three quartiles; n = 57) while in the quartile with the highest endocannabinoid levels (n = 19), no correlations were evident. Furthermore, an exploratory analysis applying a median split for IL-6 levels revealed that the number of individuals with recent suicide attempts (< 1 month ago) was significantly higher in the high IL-6 levels group (OR = 0.22; 95%CI = 0.06-0.86).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings support the bidirectional link between ACEs and immune system alterations and suggest that endocannabinoids may counteract the stress-inflammatory response.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Incremental efficacy systematic review and meta-analysis of psilocybin-for-depression RCTs.","authors":"Nicholas C Borgogna, Tyler Owen, Dan Petrovitch, Jacob Vaughn, David A L Johnson, Louis A Pagano, Stephen L Aita, Benjamin D Hill","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06818-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06818-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}