IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4152857

B. Leadbeater, M. Carr

{"title":"Significance of the Nudiform and Tectiform Modes of Silica Deposition, Lorica Assembly and Cell Division in Choanoflagellates as Exemplified by Stephanoeca diplocostata and Enibas spp.","authors":"B. Leadbeater, M. Carr","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4152857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4152857","url":null,"abstract":"The deposition of silicified costal strips and lorica assembly in choanoflagellates is precisely linked to the cell cycle. A minority of species undergo nudiform division whereby a loricate cell divides to produce a naked daughter cell that deposits a set of costal strips and then assembles a lorica. Most species undergo tectiform division whereby a parent loricate cell produces a set of costal strips, divides and passes on the stored strips to a daughter cell that immediately assembles a lorica. Many phylogenetic analyses recover nudiform and tectiform species as sister-clades giving the impression that they are distinct evolutionary lineages. However, the tectiform species Stephanoeca diplocostata is capable of undergoing nudiform division and depositing costal strips and assembling a lorica with certain modifications in a nudiform manner. The recent discovery of a new genus, Enibas, comprising species with Stephanoeca-like loricae that undergo nudiform cell division and on phylogenetic analysis occur as a sister group to other nudiform species has drawn attention to whether there are also unique features in lorica construction. A range of Enibas loricae is illustrated and it appears that there are unique features which might be interpreted as being derived from a Stephanoeca-like ancestor.","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 6 1","pages":"125923"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47877328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Unravelling the Phylogeny of a Common Intestinal Protist: Intrageneric Diversity of Endolimax 揭示一种常见肠道原生生物的系统发育:Endolimax的属内多样性

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125908

Emma Filtenborg Hocke , Mahwash Jamy , Fabien Burki , C. Graham Clark , Christen Rune Stensvold

{"title":"Unravelling the Phylogeny of a Common Intestinal Protist: Intrageneric Diversity of Endolimax","authors":"Emma Filtenborg Hocke , Mahwash Jamy , Fabien Burki , C. Graham Clark , Christen Rune Stensvold","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125908","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Endolimax nana is a common endobiont of the human intestine, but members of the genus have also been reported in non-human hosts and in non-intestinal organs. Limited information is available regarding the genetic diversity of Endolimax, which is necessary to delineate species, host specificity and potential differences in clinical impact on the host. Here, we used cloning of PCR products followed by Sanger sequencing and next-generation PacBio Sequencing to obtain Endolimax-related nuclear ribosomal gene sequences and undertook a phylogenetic analysis to gain additional insight into the taxonomy of Endolimax and related organisms. The new sequences confirmed that E. nana forms a discrete clade within the Archamoebae and is related to Endolimax piscium and Iodamoeba. However, we identified substantial sequence divergence within E. nana and evidence for two distinct clades, which we propose to name E. nana ribosomal lineage 1 and E. nana ribosomal lineage 2. Both of the sequencing approaches applied in the study helped us to improve our understanding of genetic diversity across Endolimax, and it is likely that wider application of next-generation sequencing technologies will facilitate the generation of Endolimax-related DNA sequence data and help complete our understanding of its phylogenetic position and intrageneric diversity.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 5","pages":"Article 125908"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10813211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Integrative Studies on Three Epibiotic Epistylis Species (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Peritrichia) in Lake Weishan Wetland, Northern China, Including the Establishment of a New Species 微山湖湿地3种附着生物Epistylis (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Peritrichia)的综合研究及一个新种的建立

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125909

Tong Wu , Yujie Liu , Yan Liu , Borong Lu , Xiao Cao , Shuang Hao , Saleh A. AL-Farraj , Alan Warren , Tengteng Zhang , Zhe Wang

{"title":"Integrative Studies on Three Epibiotic Epistylis Species (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Peritrichia) in Lake Weishan Wetland, Northern China, Including the Establishment of a New Species","authors":"Tong Wu , Yujie Liu , Yan Liu , Borong Lu , Xiao Cao , Shuang Hao , Saleh A. AL-Farraj , Alan Warren , Tengteng Zhang , Zhe Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125909","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Three epibiotic Epistylis species, i.e., Epistylis weishanensis sp. nov., Epistylis daphniae Fauré-Fremiet, 1905, and Epistylis pygmaeum (Ehrenberg, 1838) Foissner et al., 1999, were investigated based on their living morphology, infraciliature, and small subunit (SSU) rDNA sequence data. Epistylis weishanensis sp. nov. is characterized by its double-layered peristomial lip, contractile vacuole located on the dorsal wall of the infundibulum, infundibular polykinety 3 (P3) composed of three equal-length rows that terminate above infundibular polykinety 1 (P1), 50–62 silverlines between the peristome and the trochal band, and about 30 silverlines between the trochal band and the scopula. Based on previous and newly obtained data for E. daphniae and E. pygmaeum, improved diagnoses and redescriptions are provided including, for the first time, data on their infraciliature. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that all three species do not group within the major clade of Epistylis, supporting the assertion that the genus Epistylis should be an assemblage of morphospecies and therefore needs to be revised.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 5","pages":"Article 125909"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10813654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Illustrating the Invisible: The Role of Drawing in the Career of Bland J. Finlay 阐释无形:绘画在布兰德·j·芬利职业生涯中的作用

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125907

Carlos F. Finlay

引用次数: 0

Some Personal Memories of Bland J. Finlay and Work on Protists in "Priest Pot". 布兰德·J·芬莱的一些个人回忆和《牧师壶》中的主人公作品。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4208046

U. Berninger

引用次数: 0

The Extraordinarily Rare Ciliate Legendrea loyezae Fauré-Fremiet, 1908 (Haptoria, Ciliophora). 特别罕见的Ciliate Legendarea loyezae Fauré-Fremiet，1908年（Haptoria，Ciliophora）。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4163417

James Weiss, D. Andreou, G. Esteban

{"title":"The Extraordinarily Rare Ciliate Legendrea loyezae Fauré-Fremiet, 1908 (Haptoria, Ciliophora).","authors":"James Weiss, D. Andreou, G. Esteban","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4163417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4163417","url":null,"abstract":"Diverse and dynamic communities of ciliates and other microbes thrive in the natural environment, driving the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. Many microbes are present in very low numbers or are dormant in the 'seedbank', escaping detection in environmental surveys and, consequently, remaining underexplored. Here, we report an extraordinarily rare ciliate that was discovered after persistent exploration of freshwater anoxic sediments - Legendrea loyezae Fauré-Fremiet, 1908, a member of the Family Spathidiidae, Order Haptorida. In this study, we present the sixth account of the ciliate since 1908 and reveal its phylogenetic position with the first 18S rRNA data for the genus. We explain the key morphological features of the species, describing a remarkable behaviour in which the ciliate \"shapeshifts'' due to its ability of controlled full extension and retraction of its tube-like tentacles. Our results shed light on the similarity of L. loyezae to another ciliate that was first described as Legendrea bellerophon, later moved under a new genus and named Thysanomorpha bellerophon. We question the validity of this taxonomic decision and, based on morphological characters and tentacle movement, we propose moving T. bellerophon back under Legendrea. This study demonstrates how continued and persistent exploration of natural habitats lead to the discovery of microbial communities and species.","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"16 4","pages":"125912"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41255970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Morphology, Ultrastructure and Molecular Phylogeny of a New Soil-Dwelling Kinetoplastid Avlakibodo gracilis gen. et sp. nov. (Neobodonida; Kinetoplastea) 一种新的土栖动质体Avlakibodo gracilis gen. et sp. nov. (Neobodonida)的形态、超微结构和分子系统发育Kinetoplastea)

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125885

Artem O. Belyaev , Dmitriy G. Zagumyonnyi , Alexander P. Mylnikov , Denis V. Tikhonenkov

{"title":"The Morphology, Ultrastructure and Molecular Phylogeny of a New Soil-Dwelling Kinetoplastid Avlakibodo gracilis gen. et sp. nov. (Neobodonida; Kinetoplastea)","authors":"Artem O. Belyaev , Dmitriy G. Zagumyonnyi , Alexander P. Mylnikov , Denis V. Tikhonenkov","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125885","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Kinetoplastids represent a stockpile of undiscovered protist diversity. Free-living members of this group have been studied less intensively compared to their important parasitic relatives. We have isolated a new soil-dwelling bacteriotrophic kinetoplastid, which is described here as a new genus and new species, Avlakibodo gracilis gen. et sp. nov. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA genes showed highly supported sister relationship of this protist with the clade uniting Neobodo borokensis, Neobodo curvifilus, Neobodo saliens, Actuariola framvarensis, some Neobodo designis isolates and several environmental sequences, with high statistical support. We have reconstructed the organization of the microtubular cytoskeleton of A. gracilis and determined the origins of the main bands of microtubules. Characteristic ultrastructural features include cytostome associated microtubules (FAS), cytopharynx associated additional microtubules (CMT), microtubular prism (nemadesm) and three microtubular roots (R1, R2 and R3).</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 4","pages":"Article 125885"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42916265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

First Molecular Characterization of the Elusive Marine Protist Meteora sporadica 难以捉摸的海洋原生生物散斑流星的首次分子表征

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125896

Luis Javier Galindo, Purificación López-García, David Moreira

{"title":"First Molecular Characterization of the Elusive Marine Protist Meteora sporadica","authors":"Luis Javier Galindo, Purificación López-García, David Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125896","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Meteora sporadica is a protist species first described by Hausmann et al. (2002) in deep-sea sediments from the Sporades Basin, Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Due to its unusual morphology and locomotion, very different from those of other high-rank eukaryotic taxa, it was classified as an incertae sedis species. Unfortunately, its morphological characterization was not accompanied by the generation of molecular data, preventing its placement in molecular phylogenetic trees including other protist lineages. Here, we report the observation of protist cells in sediments from a shallow marine lagoon in the Mediterranean Sea with morphological characteristics indistinguishable from those of Meteora sporadica. Given this similarity and the geographical proximity to the type location, we consider that the organism that we observed likely corresponded to the type species, M. sporadica, which seems to be a benthic predator spanning from shallow to deep-sea habitats. We determined the 18S rRNA gene sequence of M. sporadica from micromanipulated cells. Searches in sequence databases did not yield closely related hits, suggesting that Meteora is a rare organism. Phylogenetic analyses did not show any close affinity with other eukaryotic groups, supporting its initial incertae sedis status and suggesting that it may define a new high-rank level eukaryotic lineage.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 4","pages":"Article 125896"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40597885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A Model of F-actin Organization in Granuloreticulopodia in Foraminifera: Morphogenetic and Evolutionary Implications from Novel Fluorescent and Polarised Light Observations 有孔虫颗粒网足动物f -肌动蛋白组织模型:来自新型荧光和偏振光观察的形态发生和进化意义

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125886

Jan Goleń , Jarosław Tyszka , Karolina Godos , Max Janse

{"title":"A Model of F-actin Organization in Granuloreticulopodia in Foraminifera: Morphogenetic and Evolutionary Implications from Novel Fluorescent and Polarised Light Observations","authors":"Jan Goleń , Jarosław Tyszka , Karolina Godos , Max Janse","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125886","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Foraminifera are a group of mostly marine protists that form highly dynamic granular pseudopodia. Recent live experiments on foraminifera labelled with SiR-actin show that F-actin structures are involved in the morphogenesis of granuloreticulopodia and that pseudopodia contain small, motile granules referred to as SiR-actin-labelled granules (ALGs). They may either represent staining artifacts or an unusual form of organisation of actin filaments. To address this problem, we performed double staining of F-actin in fixed specimens of foraminifera using two fluorescent probes (SiR-actin and Phalloidin Atto 488) and analysed the level of co-localisation of their fluorescent signals. Additionally, we performed observations in polarised light to identify birefringence. The images obtained demonstrate similar staining patterns with both probes and birefringence in areas showing intensive fluorescence, thus, ALGs can no longer be considered as staining artifacts. They represent naturally occurring granular structures that contain F-actin and/or are actin-coated. ALGs likely contain F-actin that may play a role in endo-/exocytosis, pseudopodial movement, and/or in intracellular transport. We present a model, explaining their formation and possible functions in relation to other subcellular components. ALGs most likely consist of the adaptation involved in the morphogenesis of granular pseudopodia that predates in phylogeny the occurrence of the shell in foraminifera.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 4","pages":"Article 125886"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42604685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Haemogregarines of the Genera Haemogregarina, Hemolivia, and Hepatozoon Infecting Vietnamese Freshwater Turtles, with Additional Notes on Primer Specificity and Primer-template Mismatches Affecting Diagnostic Success 越南淡水龟感染的血斑痣属，血斑痣属和肝斑痣属的血斑痣，对引物特异性和引物模板不匹配影响诊断成功的附加说明

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125884

Kristína Zechmeisterová , Michal Přibyl , Hung Manh Nguyen , Eva Nosková , Pavel Široký

{"title":"Haemogregarines of the Genera Haemogregarina, Hemolivia, and Hepatozoon Infecting Vietnamese Freshwater Turtles, with Additional Notes on Primer Specificity and Primer-template Mismatches Affecting Diagnostic Success","authors":"Kristína Zechmeisterová , Michal Přibyl , Hung Manh Nguyen , Eva Nosková , Pavel Široký","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125884","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The 18S rRNA gene is a widely used molecular marker for haemogregarines. In recent decades, many primers more or less specific to various haemogregarine genera have been designed. This study applied five commonly used primers targeting the 18S rRNA gene of haemogregarines to blood samples from 168 individuals of nine turtle species captured in Northern Vietnam. Three haemogregarine genera, Haemogregarina, Hemolivia, and Hepatozoon, were detected. Selective specificity of primers EF/ER, HemoFN/HemoRN, and Hemo1/Hemo2 to haemogregarine genera was observed and elucidated by primer-template mismatches. In total, 13 out of 168 turtles (prevalence 7.7%) were both microscopically and PCR positive for haemogregarines. Additionally, a single Heosemys grandis turtle was PCR positive but microscopically negative. Numerous turtles carried mixed infections by various haemogregarines; a single turtle was even coinfected by haemogregarines of all three studied genera: Haemogregarina, Hemolivia, and Hepatozoon. Among the detected haemogregarines, some provided sufficient molecular and morphological data for completing their species diagnosis. Two were described as new species: Haemogregarina cyclemydis sp. nov. from Cyclemys pulchristriata and Hemolivia cruciata sp. nov. from Cuora galbinifrons, so far the first Hemolivia from Southeast Asia. Haemogregarina cuorae Chai and Chen, 1990, required a redescription with reassignment to the genus Hepatozoon Miller, 1908.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 4","pages":"Article 125884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40511088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

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