IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125885

Artem O. Belyaev , Dmitriy G. Zagumyonnyi , Alexander P. Mylnikov , Denis V. Tikhonenkov

{"title":"The Morphology, Ultrastructure and Molecular Phylogeny of a New Soil-Dwelling Kinetoplastid Avlakibodo gracilis gen. et sp. nov. (Neobodonida; Kinetoplastea)","authors":"Artem O. Belyaev , Dmitriy G. Zagumyonnyi , Alexander P. Mylnikov , Denis V. Tikhonenkov","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125885","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Kinetoplastids represent a stockpile of undiscovered protist diversity. Free-living members of this group have been studied less intensively compared to their important parasitic relatives. We have isolated a new soil-dwelling bacteriotrophic kinetoplastid, which is described here as a new genus and new species, Avlakibodo gracilis gen. et sp. nov. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA genes showed highly supported sister relationship of this protist with the clade uniting Neobodo borokensis, Neobodo curvifilus, Neobodo saliens, Actuariola framvarensis, some Neobodo designis isolates and several environmental sequences, with high statistical support. We have reconstructed the organization of the microtubular cytoskeleton of A. gracilis and determined the origins of the main bands of microtubules. Characteristic ultrastructural features include cytostome associated microtubules (FAS), cytopharynx associated additional microtubules (CMT), microtubular prism (nemadesm) and three microtubular roots (R1, R2 and R3).</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42916265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A Model of F-actin Organization in Granuloreticulopodia in Foraminifera: Morphogenetic and Evolutionary Implications from Novel Fluorescent and Polarised Light Observations 有孔虫颗粒网足动物f -肌动蛋白组织模型:来自新型荧光和偏振光观察的形态发生和进化意义

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125886

Jan Goleń , Jarosław Tyszka , Karolina Godos , Max Janse

{"title":"A Model of F-actin Organization in Granuloreticulopodia in Foraminifera: Morphogenetic and Evolutionary Implications from Novel Fluorescent and Polarised Light Observations","authors":"Jan Goleń , Jarosław Tyszka , Karolina Godos , Max Janse","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125886","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Foraminifera are a group of mostly marine protists that form highly dynamic granular pseudopodia. Recent live experiments on foraminifera labelled with SiR-actin show that F-actin structures are involved in the morphogenesis of granuloreticulopodia and that pseudopodia contain small, motile granules referred to as SiR-actin-labelled granules (ALGs). They may either represent staining artifacts or an unusual form of organisation of actin filaments. To address this problem, we performed double staining of F-actin in fixed specimens of foraminifera using two fluorescent probes (SiR-actin and Phalloidin Atto 488) and analysed the level of co-localisation of their fluorescent signals. Additionally, we performed observations in polarised light to identify birefringence. The images obtained demonstrate similar staining patterns with both probes and birefringence in areas showing intensive fluorescence, thus, ALGs can no longer be considered as staining artifacts. They represent naturally occurring granular structures that contain F-actin and/or are actin-coated. ALGs likely contain F-actin that may play a role in endo-/exocytosis, pseudopodial movement, and/or in intracellular transport. We present a model, explaining their formation and possible functions in relation to other subcellular components. ALGs most likely consist of the adaptation involved in the morphogenesis of granular pseudopodia that predates in phylogeny the occurrence of the shell in foraminifera.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42604685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First Molecular Characterization of the Elusive Marine Protist Meteora sporadica 难以捉摸的海洋原生生物散斑流星的首次分子表征

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125896

Luis Javier Galindo, Purificación López-García, David Moreira

{"title":"First Molecular Characterization of the Elusive Marine Protist Meteora sporadica","authors":"Luis Javier Galindo, Purificación López-García, David Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125896","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Meteora sporadica is a protist species first described by Hausmann et al. (2002) in deep-sea sediments from the Sporades Basin, Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Due to its unusual morphology and locomotion, very different from those of other high-rank eukaryotic taxa, it was classified as an incertae sedis species. Unfortunately, its morphological characterization was not accompanied by the generation of molecular data, preventing its placement in molecular phylogenetic trees including other protist lineages. Here, we report the observation of protist cells in sediments from a shallow marine lagoon in the Mediterranean Sea with morphological characteristics indistinguishable from those of Meteora sporadica. Given this similarity and the geographical proximity to the type location, we consider that the organism that we observed likely corresponded to the type species, M. sporadica, which seems to be a benthic predator spanning from shallow to deep-sea habitats. We determined the 18S rRNA gene sequence of M. sporadica from micromanipulated cells. Searches in sequence databases did not yield closely related hits, suggesting that Meteora is a rare organism. Phylogenetic analyses did not show any close affinity with other eukaryotic groups, supporting its initial incertae sedis status and suggesting that it may define a new high-rank level eukaryotic lineage.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40597885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Diversity and Phylogenetic Position of Bothrostoma Stokes, 1887 (Ciliophora: Metopida), with Description of Four New Species 文章标题Bothrostoma Stokes, 1887的多样性和系统发育位置(纤毛目:Metopida)，附四新种描述

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125887

Daniel Méndez-Sánchez, Ondřej Pomahač, Johana Rotterová , William Bourland, Ivan Čepička

{"title":"Diversity and Phylogenetic Position of Bothrostoma Stokes, 1887 (Ciliophora: Metopida), with Description of Four New Species","authors":"Daniel Méndez-Sánchez, Ondřej Pomahač, Johana Rotterová , William Bourland, Ivan Čepička","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125887","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Bothrostoma is a genus of anaerobic ciliates in family Metopidae comprising four species, all described based solely on the morphology of living and fixed cells. Unlike other metopids, cells of Bothrostoma are not twisted anteriorly, have a flattened preoral dome, a very prominent sail-like paroral membrane, and an adoral zone of distinctive, very narrow, curved membranelles confined to a wide, non-spiraling peristome on the ventral side. We examined 20 populations of Bothrostoma from hypoxic freshwater sediments. We provide morphological characterization and 18S rRNA gene sequences of four new species, namely B. bimicronucleatum sp. nov., B. boreale sp. nov., B. kovalyovi sp. nov., and B. robustum sp. nov., as well as B. undulans (type species), B. nasutum, and B. ovale comb. nov. (original combination Metopus undulans var. ovalis Kahl, 1932). Except for B. nasutum, Bothrostoma species show low genetic variability among geographically distant populations. Intraspecific phenotypic variability might be driven by environmental conditions. In phylogenetic analyses, Bothrostoma is not closely related to Metopus sensu stricto and forms a moderately supported clade with Planometopus, here referred to as BoPl clade. The anterior axial torsion of the body, typical of other Metopidae, appears to have been lost in the last common ancestor of the BoPl clade.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43833919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Haemogregarines of the Genera Haemogregarina, Hemolivia, and Hepatozoon Infecting Vietnamese Freshwater Turtles, with Additional Notes on Primer Specificity and Primer-template Mismatches Affecting Diagnostic Success 越南淡水龟感染的血斑痣属，血斑痣属和肝斑痣属的血斑痣，对引物特异性和引物模板不匹配影响诊断成功的附加说明

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125884

Kristína Zechmeisterová , Michal Přibyl , Hung Manh Nguyen , Eva Nosková , Pavel Široký

{"title":"Haemogregarines of the Genera Haemogregarina, Hemolivia, and Hepatozoon Infecting Vietnamese Freshwater Turtles, with Additional Notes on Primer Specificity and Primer-template Mismatches Affecting Diagnostic Success","authors":"Kristína Zechmeisterová , Michal Přibyl , Hung Manh Nguyen , Eva Nosková , Pavel Široký","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125884","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The 18S rRNA gene is a widely used molecular marker for haemogregarines. In recent decades, many primers more or less specific to various haemogregarine genera have been designed. This study applied five commonly used primers targeting the 18S rRNA gene of haemogregarines to blood samples from 168 individuals of nine turtle species captured in Northern Vietnam. Three haemogregarine genera, Haemogregarina, Hemolivia, and Hepatozoon, were detected. Selective specificity of primers EF/ER, HemoFN/HemoRN, and Hemo1/Hemo2 to haemogregarine genera was observed and elucidated by primer-template mismatches. In total, 13 out of 168 turtles (prevalence 7.7%) were both microscopically and PCR positive for haemogregarines. Additionally, a single Heosemys grandis turtle was PCR positive but microscopically negative. Numerous turtles carried mixed infections by various haemogregarines; a single turtle was even coinfected by haemogregarines of all three studied genera: Haemogregarina, Hemolivia, and Hepatozoon. Among the detected haemogregarines, some provided sufficient molecular and morphological data for completing their species diagnosis. Two were described as new species: Haemogregarina cyclemydis sp. nov. from Cyclemys pulchristriata and Hemolivia cruciata sp. nov. from Cuora galbinifrons, so far the first Hemolivia from Southeast Asia. Haemogregarina cuorae Chai and Chen, 1990, required a redescription with reassignment to the genus Hepatozoon Miller, 1908.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40511088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Illustrating the Invisible: The Role of Drawing in the Career of Bland J. Finlay. 阐释无形:绘画在布兰德·j·芬利职业生涯中的作用。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4175942

Carlos Finlay

引用次数: 0

Free-living Trichomonads are Unexpectedly Diverse 自由生活的滴虫出乎意料地多样化

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125883

Vít Céza , Michael Kotyk , Aneta Kubánková , Naoji Yubuki , František Šťáhlavský , Jeffrey D. Silberman , Ivan Čepička

{"title":"Free-living Trichomonads are Unexpectedly Diverse","authors":"Vít Céza , Michael Kotyk , Aneta Kubánková , Naoji Yubuki , František Šťáhlavský , Jeffrey D. Silberman , Ivan Čepička","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125883","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The vast majority of the more than 450 described species of Parabasalia are intestinal symbionts or parasites of animals. This endobiotic life-history is presumably ancestral although the root of Parabasalia still needs to be robustly established. The half-dozen putatively free-living species thus far described are likely independently derived from endobiotic ancestors and represent the most neglected ecological group of parabasalids. Thus, we isolated and cultivated 45 free-living strains of Parabasalia obtained from a wide variety of anoxic sediments to conduct detailed morphological and SSU rRNA gene phylogenetic analyses. Sixteen species of trichomonads were recovered. Among them, we described seven new species, three new genera, two new families, and one new order. Most of the newly described species were more or less closely related to members of already described genera. However, we uncovered a new deep-branching lineage without affinity to any currently known group of Parabasalia. The newly discovered free-living parabasalids will be key taxa in comparative analyses aimed at rooting the entire lineage and deciphering the evolutionary innovations involved in transitioning between endobiotic and free-living habitats.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43984862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

On the Biology, Diversity and Evolution of Nucleariid Amoebae (Amorphea, Obazoa, Opisthokonta1 核变形虫(Amorphea, Obazoa, Opisthokonta1)的生物学、多样性和进化

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125895

Toni Gabaldón , Eckhard Völcker , Guifré Torruella

{"title":"On the Biology, Diversity and Evolution of Nucleariid Amoebae (Amorphea, Obazoa, Opisthokonta1","authors":"Toni Gabaldón , Eckhard Völcker , Guifré Torruella","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125895","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Nucleariids are a small group of free-living heterotrophic amoebae. Although these organisms present a variety of cell sizes and cell coverings, they are mostly spherical cells with radiating filopodia, sometimes with several nuclei. Nuclearia, the genus that gives the name to the group, contains species that are opportunistic consumers of detritus, bacteria, and algae. The beautiful Pompholyxophrys is covered with endogenous siliceous pearls. Lithocolla covers itself with sand particles, or otherwise diatom frustules. The tiny Parvularia exclusively feeds on bacteria, and Fonticula is adapted to solid substrates and presents aggregative multicellular stages. Nucleariids belong to the Opisthokonta, which comprise animals, fungi, and their protist relatives, and form the earliest branch in the holomycotan clade (fungi and closest relatives). Hence, they are key for understanding the origin and diversification of Opisthokonta, an eukaryotic supergroup that contains organisms with different feeding modes, life-styles, and cell organizations. In this review, the reader will find an introduction to nucleariids, from their discovery in the 19th century until the most recent studies. It summarizes available information on their morphology, life history, cell organisation, ecology, diversity, systematics and evolution.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1434461022000402/pdfft?md5=838cb2e60ed321ed12456962015a3659&pid=1-s2.0-S1434461022000402-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40597887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Meeting Report: Euglenids in the Age of Symbiogenesis: Origins, Innovations, and Prospects, November 8–11, 2021 会议报告:共生时代的Euglenids:起源、创新与展望，2021年11月8-11日

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125894

Emma Kaszecki , Victoria Kennedy , Mahfuzur Shah , Kacper Maciszewski , Anna Karnkowska , Eric Linton , Michael L. Ginger , Scott Farrow , ThankGod Echezona Ebenezer

引用次数: 1

Five Groups in the Genus Allovahlkampfia and the Description of the New Species Vahlkampfia bulbosis n.sp. 异球镰孢属五个类群及新种球镰孢的记述。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125870

Zhilei Gao , Alexandre Jousset , George A. Kowalchuk , Stefan Geisen

{"title":"Five Groups in the Genus Allovahlkampfia and the Description of the New Species Vahlkampfia bulbosis n.sp.","authors":"Zhilei Gao , Alexandre Jousset , George A. Kowalchuk , Stefan Geisen","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125870","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Heterolobosea is one of the major protist groups in soils. While an increasing number of soil heterolobosean species has been described, we have likely only scratched the surface of heterolobosean diversity in soils. Here, we expand this knowledge by morphologically and molecularly classifying four novel strains. One was identified as Naegleria clarki, while the remaining three strains had no identical Blast hit against GenBank and could only be reliably identified to the genus level: two strains as Allovahlkampfia spp. and one strain as Vahlkampfia sp. One Allovahlkampfia strain was most closely affiliated with Allovahlkampfia sp. Nl64 and the other strain was affiliated with ‘Solumitrus’ palustris, which is now named Allovahlkampfia palustris comb.nov. As there are only two valid species described within Allovahlkampfia, we combined all published sequences related to Allovahlkampfia and propose five new groups within this genus. The last strain was most closely related, but clearly distinct from, Vahlkampfia orchilla, based on DNA barcoding. As such, we propose this amoeba as a new species named Vahlkampfia bulbosis n.sp. Together, our study extends the described diversity of soil heteroloboseans through the description of a new Vahlkampfia species and by revising the morphologically and phylogenetically diverse genus Allovahlkampfia.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1434461022000153/pdfft?md5=97c1c04a96e1c960ab2253e0546ca41b&pid=1-s2.0-S1434461022000153-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44390164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

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