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Five Groups in the Genus Allovahlkampfia and the Description of the New Species Vahlkampfia bulbosis n.sp. 异球镰孢属五个类群及新种球镰孢的记述。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125870

Zhilei Gao , Alexandre Jousset , George A. Kowalchuk , Stefan Geisen

{"title":"Five Groups in the Genus Allovahlkampfia and the Description of the New Species Vahlkampfia bulbosis n.sp.","authors":"Zhilei Gao , Alexandre Jousset , George A. Kowalchuk , Stefan Geisen","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125870","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Heterolobosea is one of the major protist groups in soils. While an increasing number of soil heterolobosean species has been described, we have likely only scratched the surface of heterolobosean diversity in soils. Here, we expand this knowledge by morphologically and molecularly classifying four novel strains. One was identified as Naegleria clarki, while the remaining three strains had no identical Blast hit against GenBank and could only be reliably identified to the genus level: two strains as Allovahlkampfia spp. and one strain as Vahlkampfia sp. One Allovahlkampfia strain was most closely affiliated with Allovahlkampfia sp. Nl64 and the other strain was affiliated with ‘Solumitrus’ palustris, which is now named Allovahlkampfia palustris comb.nov. As there are only two valid species described within Allovahlkampfia, we combined all published sequences related to Allovahlkampfia and propose five new groups within this genus. The last strain was most closely related, but clearly distinct from, Vahlkampfia orchilla, based on DNA barcoding. As such, we propose this amoeba as a new species named Vahlkampfia bulbosis n.sp. Together, our study extends the described diversity of soil heteroloboseans through the description of a new Vahlkampfia species and by revising the morphologically and phylogenetically diverse genus Allovahlkampfia.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 3","pages":"Article 125870"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1434461022000153/pdfft?md5=97c1c04a96e1c960ab2253e0546ca41b&pid=1-s2.0-S1434461022000153-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44390164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Re-visiting the ridiculed rival of Leeuwenhoek: Louis Joblot (1645–1723) 再次拜访被嘲笑的列文虎克的对手：路易·乔布罗特（1645-1723）。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125882

John R. Dolan

引用次数: 0

Morphology, Morphogenesis and Molecular Phylogeny of a New Soil Ciliate, Holostichides eastensis nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia) 一种新的土壤纤毛虫，Holostichides eastensis 11 . spec.(纤毛虫目，下毛目)的形态、形态发生和分子系统发育。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125881

Yurui Wang , Jingbao Li , Jingyi Wang , Chen Shao

{"title":"Morphology, Morphogenesis and Molecular Phylogeny of a New Soil Ciliate, Holostichides eastensis nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)","authors":"Yurui Wang , Jingbao Li , Jingyi Wang , Chen Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125881","url":null,"abstract":"<div>A new bakuellid ciliate, Holostichides eastensis nov. spec. isolated from China, is investigated in terms of its morphology, ontogenesis, and molecular phylogenesis. It is characterized by size 150–180 µm × 45–60 µm in vivo; 27–46 macronuclear nodules; cortical granules dark brown, spherical, about 0.5 µm across, clustered in groups and then arranged longitudinally; three frontal cirri with one to four smaller cirri below the middle one, a buccal cirrus, nine to 15 frontoterminal cirri, and midventral complex composed of five to eight cirral pairs and two long midventral rows. The main events during binary fission are as follows: (1) in the proter, the undulating membrane anlage is formed from both the dedifferentiation of old undulating membranes and the basal bodies developing de novo, and the proximal part of the parental adoral zone of membranelles is renewed by a field of basal bodies that originates de novo; (2) in the opisthe, the oral primordium is formed intrakinetally; (3) besides the middle frontal cirrus and buccal cirrus, the FVT-anlagen II produces the extra one to four cirri. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA sequence data suggest a close relationship between Holostichides eastensis nov. spec. and its congeners, indicating that the genus Holostichides is monophyletic.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 3","pages":"Article 125881"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45807420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rimoportula Distribution, Heterovalvy and Heteropolarity in Hyalosira (Bacillariophyta: Rhabdonematales), with Revision of H. hesperia and Two New Species Hyalosira中轮扇的分布、异瓣和异极性（硅藻门：Rhabdonematales），附H.hesperia的修订和两个新种。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125869

Christopher S. Lobban , Nihayet Bizsel , Saúl Blanco

{"title":"Rimoportula Distribution, Heterovalvy and Heteropolarity in Hyalosira (Bacillariophyta: Rhabdonematales), with Revision of H. hesperia and Two New Species","authors":"Christopher S. Lobban , Nihayet Bizsel , Saúl Blanco","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125869","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The genus Hyalosira Kützing was recently split and emended based on morphology and molecular phylogeny but many uniseriate taxa could not be resolved. All populations examined in that study had one rimoportula on each valve (i.e., 1 + 1 in the cell). Recent collections from Turkey, Australia, and Micronesia had uniseriate taxa with different numbers of rimoportulae and other new features distinguishing them from all other uniseriate taxa. Two species had two rimoportulae per valve (i.e., 2 + 2) and deep septa, of which one is shown to be Hyalosira hesperia Álvarez-Blanco & S.Blanco, for which we provide a revised description, and the other, from Melbourne and Yap, is proposed as H. pacifica, sp. nov. They are separated by stria density and copula areola density. A third species, from the Great Barrier Reef, H. flexa, sp. nov., is the first Hyalosira found with heterovalvy—including a rimoportula on only one valve (i.e., 1 + 0)—and heteropolarity, including three variously reduced pore fields and the fourth, with the rimoportula, always involved in attachment, essentially a basal pole. A corrected diagnosis of the genus is provided and implications for exploring the functions of rimoportulae are discussed.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 3","pages":"Article 125869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48327402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Description of an Enigmatic Alveolate, Platyproteum noduliferae n. sp., and Reconstruction of its Flagellar Apparatus 一个谜状肺泡的描述，结节扁虫，及其鞭毛器的重建。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125878

Koh Yokouchi , Davis Iritani , Kay Hian Lim , Yong Heng Phua , Takeo Horiguchi , Kevin C. Wakeman

{"title":"Description of an Enigmatic Alveolate, Platyproteum noduliferae n. sp., and Reconstruction of its Flagellar Apparatus","authors":"Koh Yokouchi , Davis Iritani , Kay Hian Lim , Yong Heng Phua , Takeo Horiguchi , Kevin C. Wakeman","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125878","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Platyproteum is an enigmatic, monotypic genus formerly assigned to the Apicomplexa, until a recent phylogenomic study demonstrated that it diverged from the base of the chromerid/colpodellid (chrompodellid) taxa and apicomplexan clade. In the present study, a new species, P. noduliferae n. sp., is described using a combination of morphological and molecular data. Moreover, a reconstruction of the flagellar apparatus is presented to characterize the presence of flagella which was, until this study, an unknown trait for this genus. Phylogenetic analyses using rDNA sequences suggested that P. noduliferae n. sp. is a sister species of P. vivax, diverging from the base of chrompodellids and apicomplexans. This study provides new morphological data that corroborates the position of Platyproteum amongst other biflagellate species, contributing to an improved understanding of Platyproteum and the evolutionary changes undergone by some marine alveolates as they transitioned into obligate parasitic life styles.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 3","pages":"Article 125878"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45496842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

When you Like Other Algae: Adglutina synurophila gen. et sp. nov. (Moewusinia, Chlorophyceae), a Clingy Green Microalga Associated with Synura Colonies 当你喜欢其他藻类时:嗜尿Adglutina synurophila gen. et sp. 11 . (moewussinia，绿藻科)，一种与藻群相关的粘性绿色微藻

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125858

Dovilė Barcytė , Martin Pusztai , Pavel Škaloud , Marek Eliáš

{"title":"When you Like Other Algae: Adglutina synurophila gen. et sp. nov. (Moewusinia, Chlorophyceae), a Clingy Green Microalga Associated with Synura Colonies","authors":"Dovilė Barcytė , Martin Pusztai , Pavel Škaloud , Marek Eliáš","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125858","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Unicellular green biflagellates of the order Volvocales (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) are common inhabitants of various types of habitats, and can also form peculiar interspecific relationships. Most of their morphological diversity has historically been assigned to the two prominent genera Chlamydomonas and Chloromonas. Ongoing reclassification of these algae, aided by molecular phylogenetics, has resulted in numerous newly proposed genera, but there are certainly brand-new taxa awaiting recognition. In this study, based on morphological and ultrastructural observations together with sequence data of the nuclear 18S and ITS2 rDNA and the plastid rbcL gene, we describe Adglutina synurophila gen. et sp. nov., a volvocalean biflagellate isolated from colonies of the golden-brown alga Synura petersenii (Chrysophyceae). Phylogenetic analyses placed Adglutina in the phylogroup Moewusinia as a sister lineage to the acidophilic “Chlamydomonas” species. It is characterised by having oval to broadly ellipsoidal cells with a low keel-shaped papilla and a cup-shaped chloroplast lacking a pyrenoid, but possessing a lateral eyespot of a variable position. The unique set of features, together with its Synura-loving nature, anchor Adglutina as a well distinguishable phylogenetic lineage within the Moewusinia. The novel alga has a widespread distribution; it has been found in three European countries to date.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 2","pages":"Article 125858"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43658148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Ultrastructure of Apocolpodidium etoschense (Ciliophora) and its Systematics Enlightenment for the Class Nassophorea 毛缕草的超微结构及其对毛缕草纲的系统学启示

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125867

Xiaoxi Zhang , Cuimin Sun , Zhiwei Gong , Rui Ma , Bing Ni , Xinpeng Fan

{"title":"Ultrastructure of Apocolpodidium etoschense (Ciliophora) and its Systematics Enlightenment for the Class Nassophorea","authors":"Xiaoxi Zhang , Cuimin Sun , Zhiwei Gong , Rui Ma , Bing Ni , Xinpeng Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125867","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The Class Nassophorea is not monophyletic with unsolved relationship of four orders, which calls for discussion to combine morphological features and molecular phylogeny. In the present study, the ultrastructure of Apocolpodidium etoschense in the order Colpodidiida is first studied. Comparisons between orders of Nassophorea were conducted and a discussion of systematics was performed based on a SSU rRNA gene-based phylogeny. The order Colpodidiida and Nassulida shared the following features: Two pairs of alveolocysts in the cortex, the presence of a ‘‘B-cartwheel’’ in the distal region of the kinetosome, the presence of cytostomal lamellae and subcytostomal lamellae in the cytopharyngeal basket, and spindle trichocysts with a simple tip. These similarities shape a core group of Nassophorea, which are morphologically and genetically different from the order Microthoracida. Consequently, Microthoracida should be regarded as an independent taxon rather than a member of Nassophorea. Within the core group of Nassophorea, Colpodidiida as an independent order is further validated by its delicate cytopharyngeal basket which lacks nematodesmal lamellae; while the non-monophyly of the order Nassulida might be explained by differentiation of the cartwheels in kinetosomes and the arrangement of kinetosomes with postciliary microtubules in the nassulid organelle 3 within its members.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 2","pages":"Article 125867"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40320270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

External pH Variations Modify Proliferation, Erythrophagocytosis, Cytoskeleton Remodeling, and Cell Morphology of Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoites 外部pH值变化改变了溶组织内阿米巴滋养体的增殖、红细胞吞噬、细胞骨架重塑和细胞形态

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125857

Sonia Cynthia Vanegas-Villa , Diana Milena Torres-Cifuentes , Lidia Baylon-Pacheco , Patricia Espíritu-Gordillo , Ángel Durán-Díaz , José Luis Rosales-Encina , Maritza Omaña-Molina

{"title":"External pH Variations Modify Proliferation, Erythrophagocytosis, Cytoskeleton Remodeling, and Cell Morphology of Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoites","authors":"Sonia Cynthia Vanegas-Villa , Diana Milena Torres-Cifuentes , Lidia Baylon-Pacheco , Patricia Espíritu-Gordillo , Ángel Durán-Díaz , José Luis Rosales-Encina , Maritza Omaña-Molina","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125857","url":null,"abstract":"<div>To infect the human host, Entamoeba histolytica carries out processes requiring cytoskeleton remodeling, which involves reorganizing the actin fibers. However, little is known about the external influence factors, e.g., the pH, on the parasite's cytoskeleton remodeling or cell morphology. Such influence becomes relevant given the pH gradient that the amoeba cope with when going through the human colonic mucus during infection. Therefore, we analyzed the proliferation, the reorganization of the actin fibers, and other actin structures and cell shape during adhesion to fibronectin and erythrophagocytosis in trophozoites at different external pH conditions (6.0, 6.5, 6.8, 7.5, 8.0). We found that the best condition of external pH to perform such functions was 6.8. At acid pH, the trophozoites presented better-defined actin fibers that formed a more compact network, while at alkaline pH, the fibers reorganized, forming a looser and less defined network. Similarly, the number of actin dots also changed from acid to alkaline pH. In conclusion, the external pH alters the proliferation of the amoebas and promotes the dynamic restructuration of their cytoskeleton, allowing them to carry out their functions.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 2","pages":"Article 125857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39943692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Diplonemids – A Review on "New" Flagellates on the Oceanic Block 双鞭毛虫——大洋板块“新”鞭毛虫综述

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125868

Daria Tashyreva , Alastair G.B. Simpson , Galina Prokopchuk , Ingrid Škodová-Sveráková , Anzhelika Butenko , Michael Hammond , Emma E. George , Olga Flegontova , Kristína Záhonová , Drahomíra Faktorová , Akinori Yabuki , Aleš Horák , Patrick J. Keeling , Julius Lukeš

{"title":"Diplonemids – A Review on \"New\" Flagellates on the Oceanic Block","authors":"Daria Tashyreva , Alastair G.B. Simpson , Galina Prokopchuk , Ingrid Škodová-Sveráková , Anzhelika Butenko , Michael Hammond , Emma E. George , Olga Flegontova , Kristína Záhonová , Drahomíra Faktorová , Akinori Yabuki , Aleš Horák , Patrick J. Keeling , Julius Lukeš","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2022.125868","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Diplonemids are a group of flagellate protists, that belong to the phylum Euglenozoa alongside euglenids, symbiontids and kinetoplastids. They primarily inhabit marine environments, though are also found in freshwater lakes. Diplonemids have been considered as rare and unimportant eukaryotes for over a century, with only a handful of species described until recently. However, thanks to their unprecedented diversity and abundance in the world oceans, diplonemids now attract increased attention. Recent improvements in isolation and cultivation have enabled characterization of several new genera, warranting a re-examination of all available knowledge gathered so far. Here we summarize available data on diplonemids, focusing on the recent advances in the fields of diversity, ecology, genomics, metabolism, and endosymbionts. We illustrate the life stages of cultivated genera, and summarise all reported interspecies associations, which in turn suggest lifestyles of predation and parasitism. This review also includes the latest classification of diplonemids, with a taxonomic revision of the genus Diplonema. Ongoing efforts to sequence various diplonemids suggest the presence of large and complex genomes, which correlate with the metabolic versatility observed in the model species Paradiplonema papillatum. Finally, we highlight its successful transformation into one of few genetically tractable marine protists.</div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"173 2","pages":"Article 125868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41600982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

25 Years of Protist 25年的原生动物

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125856

Michael Melkonian

引用次数: 0