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Nivicolous myxomycetes in the French Pyrenees – A biodiversity study aided by two molecular markers 法国比利牛斯山脉的乳头状黏菌——两种分子标记辅助下的生物多样性研究

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126130

Pauline Hampe , Ángela López-Villalba , Maho Inoue , Oleg N. Shchepin , Jan Woyzichovski , Flavius Popa , Martin Schnittler

{"title":"Nivicolous myxomycetes in the French Pyrenees – A biodiversity study aided by two molecular markers","authors":"Pauline Hampe , Ángela López-Villalba , Maho Inoue , Oleg N. Shchepin , Jan Woyzichovski , Flavius Popa , Martin Schnittler","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a systematic survey for nivicolous myxomycetes (Amoebozoa, Myxomycetes) carried out between April 30 and May 6 in the French Pyrenees (Hautes-Pyrénées, 900–2000 m). The 738 specimens were barcoded for the nuclear small subunit ribosomal gene (nucSSU, 652, 88.3 % successful). Trichia alpina, the only bright-spored species found, was not sequenced. Additionally, a section of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (EF1A) was successfully sequenced for 496 specimens (67.2 %). The nucSSU phylogeny showed 31 dark-spored species as genetically distinct, yet not always monophyletic lineages. Two species, Polyschismium fallax and P. peyerimhoffii, were grouped in one clade, although differing in barcode sequences. These separations were confirmed by EF1A in all cases except Didymium pseudodecipiens, where EF1A sequences could not be obtained. The resolution for the species pair P. fallax and P. peyerimhoffii increased, and for Polyschismium chailletii two distinct clades were found, indicating a cryptic species complex. Based on the molecular clades, we describe in detail the corresponding morphological differences in four taxa (Didymium dubium and Didymium pseudodecipiens; Polyschismium chailletii groups a and C). The study confirms the reliability of barcoding via nucSSU with an independent second marker and delivers a barcoded, quality-checked comprehensive data set for the Pyrenees</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 126130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Taxonomy and phylogeny of Phialina shanghaiensis sp. nov. and Lacrymaria filiformis (Maskell, 1886) Foissner, 1983 (Ciliophora, Litostomatea, Haptoria) from Changjiang Estuary, China 长江口海燕（philalina shanghaiensis sp. 11 .）和泪maria filiformis （Maskell, 1886）的分类和系统发育。Foissner, 1983 （Ciliophora, Litostomatea, Haptoria）

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126131

Wei Xu , Jin Tang , Yu Zhao , Jiamei Jiang , Hongbo Pan

{"title":"Taxonomy and phylogeny of Phialina shanghaiensis sp. nov. and Lacrymaria filiformis (Maskell, 1886) Foissner, 1983 (Ciliophora, Litostomatea, Haptoria) from Changjiang Estuary, China","authors":"Wei Xu , Jin Tang , Yu Zhao , Jiamei Jiang , Hongbo Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lacrymaria and Phialina are two closely related genera within Haptoria, yet the morphology and taxonomic affiliations of most species remain enigmatic. In the present study, we isolated two lacrymariid species, Phialina shanghaiensis sp. nov. and Lacrymaria filiformis (Maskell, 1886) Foissner, 1983 from the Nanhui Wetland, Shanghai, China. Their morphology and phylogeny were investigated using live observation, protargol staining, and SSU rRNA gene sequencing. P. shanghaiensis sp. nov., is primarily distinguished from its congeners by its body size (100–125 × 20–30 μm in vivo), and possessing 12–15 somatic kineties, one macronucleus, and single terminally located contractile vacuole. The Chinese population of L. filiformis is also described in detail, which is characterized by 11–15 somatic kineties, one macronucleus, and a terminally located contractile vacuole. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA sequences show that neither Phialina nor Lacrymaria is monophyletic, and the sequences of P. salinarum deposited in GenBank are likely from different salinarum-like species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 126131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145245096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The end of a winding path: The anaerobic ciliate Spirorhynchus is a member of the class Muranotrichea 蜿蜒路径的尽头：厌氧纤毛虫螺舌龙是Muranotrichea纲的一员。

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126129

William Bourland , Ondřej Pomahač , Daniel Méndez-Sánchez , Roxanne A. Beinart , Joan M. Bernhard , Ivan Čepička , Johana Rotterová

{"title":"The end of a winding path: The anaerobic ciliate Spirorhynchus is a member of the class Muranotrichea","authors":"William Bourland , Ondřej Pomahač , Daniel Méndez-Sánchez , Roxanne A. Beinart , Joan M. Bernhard , Ivan Čepička , Johana Rotterová","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ciliated protists (Ciliophora) are important members of freshwater, brackish, marine, and hypersaline benthic microbial communities. As part of our broader studies of anaerobic protists, we encountered a ciliate in hypoxic sediment samples from three geographically distant saline habitats and identified it as Spirorhynchus verrucosus Cunha, 1915. This highly unusual ciliate has a complicated nomenclatural and taxonomic history and has been assigned to the armophorean family Metopidae. The distinctive cell shape and unique arrangement of ectosymbionts allows identification of this species by in vivo observation. Two populations of another ciliate, found in deep-sea sediments, were recognized as a morphologically and genetically distinct but not yet formally described Spirorhynchus species. Muranotrichea Rotterová et al., 2020 is a recently established class of obligately anaerobic marine ciliates that bear prokaryotic ectosymbionts, and includes one family with two genera and three species. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the first 18S rRNA gene sequences from the genus, place Spirorhynchus in Class Muranotrichea. In single-gene trees, Spirorhynchus is monophyletic, branching as the closest relative of a marine environmental sequence and the muranotrichean genus Thigmothrix, with which Spirorhynchus also shares some morphologic similarities. Here, we also provide the first protargol impregnations and scanning electron microscopy images from Spirorhynchus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 126129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First report of Thraustochytrium caudivorum isolated from the undulated surf clam (Paratapes undulatus): Morphological, molecular, and ecological insights under climate change 从波浪蛤（Paratapes undulatus）中分离的盘尾蛤：气候变化下形态学、分子和生态学的见解

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126128

Yu Chen , Seung-Hyeon Kim , Jinxia Long , S.D.N.K. Bathige , Hyoun Joong Kim , Sen-Lin Tang , Kyung-Il Park

{"title":"First report of Thraustochytrium caudivorum isolated from the undulated surf clam (Paratapes undulatus): Morphological, molecular, and ecological insights under climate change","authors":"Yu Chen , Seung-Hyeon Kim , Jinxia Long , S.D.N.K. Bathige , Hyoun Joong Kim , Sen-Lin Tang , Kyung-Il Park","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thraustochytrium caudivorum is a marine protist of the class Labyrinthulea with limited information on its ecology and host associations. Here, we report its first isolation from the gill tissue of the undulated surf clam (Paratapes undulatus) collected from subtropical coastal waters in the western Pacific. Sequencing of an 18S rDNA fragment (1225 bp) showed 99.8 % identity to known T. caudivorum strains, with three nucleotide differences suggesting intraspecific variation. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed its placement within the T. caudivorum clade, contributing to Labyrinthulea taxonomy. Morphological and ultrastructural observations revealed typical thraustochytrid traits, including lipid-rich spherical cells, multilayered cell walls, globose sporangia, and filamentous ectoplasmic network structures. Growth assays indicated optimal in vitro proliferation at 35 °C and 40 psu, suggesting strong tolerance to elevated temperature and salinity. To evaluate potential ecological interactions, Ruditapes philippinarum (Manila clam) was experimentally exposed as a surrogate host. Mortality was observed under higher temperatures, indicating possible opportunistic behavior, although no lesions or mortality were detected in the original P. undulatus specimens. These findings expand current knowledge of T. caudivorum biology and suggest its potential relevance in aquaculture and marine ecosystems, particularly under warming and salinity fluctuations associated with climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 126128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Morphology and ultrastructure of marine bacterivorous bicosoecid Hirugamonas aperieos gen. et sp. nov.” [Protist 178 (2025) 126104] 海洋嗜菌生物群落Hirugamonas aperieos gen. et sp. 11 .的形态和超微结构勘误表[原生生物178(2025)126104]。

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126113

Tatsuya Kishikami, Marina Ota, Kasumi Ishida, Kazumasa Yamada, Takafumi Kataoka

引用次数: 0

Diversity of Kryptoperidinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae): Morphological description and molecular phylogenetics of Kryptoperidinium secundum sp. nov. 潜甲的多样性：潜甲科潜甲科潜甲的形态描述和分子系统发育。

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126120

Urban Tillmann , Marc Gottschling , Stephan Wietkamp , Ilka Peeken , Jennifer Wolny , Norico Yamada

{"title":"Diversity of Kryptoperidinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae): Morphological description and molecular phylogenetics of Kryptoperidinium secundum sp. nov.","authors":"Urban Tillmann , Marc Gottschling , Stephan Wietkamp , Ilka Peeken , Jennifer Wolny , Norico Yamada","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kryptoperidinium belongs to a group of dinophytes hosting a diatom as an endosymbiont and is currently considered to comprise a single, putatively bloom-forming and harmful species only. Molecular phylogenetics indicate the existence of a second distinct lineage and therefore species new to science, which we here formally describe as Kryptoperidinium secundum sp. nov. We studied living and fixed material of unialgal strains in detail using light and electron microscopy and gained DNA sequences of the rRNA complex (hosts and endosymbionts, from which also psbA and rbcL sequence data were obtained). In a molecular phylogeny of the Bacillariophyceae, the endosymbionts of K. secundum have a divergent position from those of Kryptoperidinium triquetrum (=K. foliaceum) and show (once more) a close relationship to free-living diatoms. The cells of K. secundum were strongly dorso-ventrally compressed and exhibited the thecal plate formula po, X, 4′, 2a, 7′′, 5C, 6(?)S, 5′′′, 2′′′′. The distalmost precingular plate was consistently rectangular in shape and relatively broad, and this is the key diagnostic trait to distinguish K. secundum from the known K. triquetrum, which has a characteristically L-shaped plate with a thin and elongated base. The two species are clearly divergent in molecular phylogenetics (exhibiting long branches) and constitute a monophyletic group together with Dinothrix sharing the same thecal plate formula. The diatom phylogeny favours an evolutionary scenario of repeated plastid capture rather than strict co-divergence between dinophyte hosts and their endosymbionts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 126120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Taxonomy, geographic distribution and molecular phylogeny of two freshwater Frontonia (Ciliophora, Peniculida), including a new cryptic species Frontonia paraleucas sp. nov. 两种淡水Frontonia （Ciliophora, Peniculida）的分类、地理分布和分子系统发育，包括一种新隐种Frontonia pareucas sp. nov。

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126119

Runzhi Shi , Tao Li , Yong Chi , Mingjian Liu , Saleh A. Al-Farraj , Blanca Pérez-Uz , Weibo Song

{"title":"Taxonomy, geographic distribution and molecular phylogeny of two freshwater Frontonia (Ciliophora, Peniculida), including a new cryptic species Frontonia paraleucas sp. nov.","authors":"Runzhi Shi , Tao Li , Yong Chi , Mingjian Liu , Saleh A. Al-Farraj , Blanca Pérez-Uz , Weibo Song","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ciliate genus Frontonia, one of the most species-rich groups of the order Peniculida, is widely distributed across a variety of habitats. However, the definition and identification of isolates are challenging, as there are few reliable characters, and these may overlap among congeners. In the present study, we describe two easily confused species, including a new form F. paraleucas sp. nov. and F. paramagna Chen et al., 2014. Both species exhibit morphological characteristics similar to those observed in F. leucas (Ehrenberg, 1833) Ehrenberg, 1838, the type species of the genus. Furthermore, the substantial divergence of sequences among different isolates under the name of F. leucas, indicates the existence of cryptic or misidentified material and that such sequences represent a complex group rather than a single species. A meticulous examination was conducted to ascertain the reliability of the SSU rRNA gene sequences of isolates designated as F. leucas and F. paramagna in GenBank, and it was confirmed that the sequence (AM072622) represented the authentic F. leucas. The newly described species, F. paraleucas sp. nov., along with F. leucas and F. cf. leucas, constitute the F. leucas species complex. Analysis of the geographic distribution of these taxa, combined with historical records, reveals an uneven global pattern. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating molecular and morphological data to accurately identify species, and provides new insights into cryptic diversity and classification within the genus Frontonia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 126119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel thraustochytrid in vitro isolate from the abalone Haliotis roei in Western Australia 一种从西澳大利亚黑鲍鱼中分离出的新型喉腺细胞

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126114

Eliot Hanrio , Anita Severn-Ellis , Jacqueline Batley , Richmond Loh , Peta Clode , Cécile Dang

引用次数: 0

NGS-based detection and differentiation of Entamoeba in Algerian wildlife and domestic animals 阿尔及利亚野生动物和家畜内阿米巴原虫的ngs检测与分化

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126118

Meriem Ali Zouaoui , Asma Guilane , Lee O'Brien Andersen , Fadila Tazerouti , Amina Boutellis , Christen Rune Stensvold

{"title":"NGS-based detection and differentiation of Entamoeba in Algerian wildlife and domestic animals","authors":"Meriem Ali Zouaoui , Asma Guilane , Lee O'Brien Andersen , Fadila Tazerouti , Amina Boutellis , Christen Rune Stensvold","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the distribution and genetic diversity of Entamoeba in 217 faecal samples from mammals, birds, rodents, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates sampled across Algeria. By next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based metabarcoding of SSU rDNA, an overall positivity rate of 13 % (n = 29/217) was observed, with positive cases limited to five host families: Bovidae, Camelidae, Equidae, Cervidae, and Caviidae, all of which are herbivores. From the 34 established cluster consensus sequences, we identified one species: Entamoeba bovis, two ribosomal lineages (RL1 and RL8), three conditional lineages (CL3, CL4, and CL10), and one already described sequence type, SQT-A, expanding on the known host range of previously identified Entamoeba. Also, nine novel sequences types (SQT-K to SQT-S) were proposed. Massive genetic diversity was observed, with mixed infections detected in all positive samples. Phylogenetic analyses revealed both generalist and host-specific clusters. Significant genetic similarities between the taxa identified in this study and those previously documented in hosts from Greenland were documented. We observed that herbivores are infected by multiple Entamoeba taxa, a pattern also reported in previous studies. This study highlights the power of molecular tools such as NGS and metabarcoding in deciphering complex Entamoeba co-infections, providing valuable insights into host-parasite interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 126118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Allelopathy modulates toxins profiles and high activation of caspase-3/7 in Gymnodinium catenatum 化感作用调节了裸子草毒素谱和caspase-3/7的高激活

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Protist Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126117

Leyberth José Fernández-Herrera , Tania Zenteno-Savín , Ignacio Leyva-Valencia , Claudia Judith Hernández-Guerrero , Francisco Eduardo Hernández-Sandoval , José Jesus Bustillos-Guzmán , Erick Julián Núñez-Vázquez , Christine Johanna Band-Schmidt

{"title":"Allelopathy modulates toxins profiles and high activation of caspase-3/7 in Gymnodinium catenatum","authors":"Leyberth José Fernández-Herrera , Tania Zenteno-Savín , Ignacio Leyva-Valencia , Claudia Judith Hernández-Guerrero , Francisco Eduardo Hernández-Sandoval , José Jesus Bustillos-Guzmán , Erick Julián Núñez-Vázquez , Christine Johanna Band-Schmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.protis.2025.126117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Allelopathy in phytoplankton species can modify the community structure by growth inhibition, organelle damage, cellular stress, metabolic modifications, and by inducing programmed cell death (PCD). In this study, the allelopathic responses of G. catenatum, a paralytic toxin harmful algal bloom (HAB) forming species, towards the raphidophyte C. marina var. marina and the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium impudicum were evaluated. Gymnodinium catenatum was cultivated during 72 h in mixed cultures with and without direct cell contact with C. marina and G. impudicum. Growth, cell morphology, toxin profile, and caspases 3/7 activity were registered. Growth of G. catenatum exposed to C. marina and G. impudicum with and without direct cell contact was significantly reduced, toxin content decreased, and caspases 3/7 activity increased. Changes in the toxin profile were also observed, in general, with a higher content of gonyautoxin-2,3 (GTX2, 3), decarbamoyl gonyautoxin-2,3 (dcGTX2,3) and B1 analogs. In all cases the highest response was observed in direct cell contact with C. marina. These results allow new insights of the allelopathic responses of G. catenatum towards co-occurring HAB species confirming growth limitation and evidencing metabolic changes in the toxin content, as well as the induction of PCD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20781,"journal":{"name":"Protist","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 126117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0