Julia Rabin, Catherine Garcia-Goetting, Tareq Yaqub, Marina Teruel, John Lavigne, John Parkhurst
{"title":"Comparative analysis of pediatric depression measures in clinical sample: evaluation of the PROMIS pediatric depression short form.","authors":"Julia Rabin, Catherine Garcia-Goetting, Tareq Yaqub, Marina Teruel, John Lavigne, John Parkhurst","doi":"10.1007/s11136-025-04062-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-025-04062-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Examine the psychometric properties of the PROMIS Depression Short From 2.0 (PROMIS-D-SF), Caregiver and Youth Report in comparison with a legacy measure of depression, the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire, using a clinical sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 233 youth and caregivers referred to a behavioral health clinic by their pediatrician. Participants and their caregivers completed PROMIS-D-SF (youth and caregiver proxy), Short Mood and Feelings (SMFQ) (youth and caregiver proxy), and Semi-structured Interview. Descriptive, correlational, psychometric, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and exploratory factor analysis were conducted for both measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PROMISD-SF youth and caregiver correlations with the youth and caregiver SMFQ were 0.73 and 0.68 and had Area Under the Curve (AUCs) values ranging from 0.7 to 0.77 for the detection of a depression diagnosis. The PROMIS-D-SF youth measure had favorable test re-test reliability and the factor structure of the PROMIS measure correlated with each factor of the legacy SMFQ measure.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The PROMIS-D-SF demonstrated strong psychometric properties, correlated significantly with the SMFQ, and showed acceptable diagnostic accuracy for depression. This measure appears to be favorable for use in evidence-based assessment, including depression screening and progress monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":20748,"journal":{"name":"Quality of Life Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vikram Mohan, Chandrasekar Rathinam, Derick Yates, Andra Voicu, Charanjet Malotra, Isabelle Riley, Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi, Prasad Nagakumar
{"title":"Measurement properties of outcome measurement instruments for pediatric dysfunctional breathing: a systematic review.","authors":"Vikram Mohan, Chandrasekar Rathinam, Derick Yates, Andra Voicu, Charanjet Malotra, Isabelle Riley, Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi, Prasad Nagakumar","doi":"10.1007/s11136-025-04078-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-025-04078-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Clinicians commonly use various outcome measurement instruments (OMIs) to assess dysfunctional breathing (DB) in children. However, no review has examined their psychometric properties. This article systematically reviewed the psychometric properties of OMIs in pediatric DB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Articles that developed or evaluated measurement properties of OMIs for pediatric DB were included. EbscoHost CINAHL Ultimate, Cochrane Library, Ovid Embase, EMCare, and Medline were searched from inception to October 10, 2024. Methodological quality and psychometric properties were assessed and synthesised using the COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments) methodology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After screening 14,240 references, three articles met the inclusion criteria, identifying two OMIs: the Hyperventilation Syndrome Ambroise-Paré (SHAPE) in French and the Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ). SHAPE showed 'doubtful' OMI development and content validity with an 'indeterminate' rating for the results. One study reported 'inadequate' methodological quality for structural validity, though the property itself was rated 'sufficient'. Another study had 'very good' methodological quality, with 'sufficient' ratings for the criterion and discriminative validity. The NQ was evaluated for convergent validity; the methodological quality was 'inadequate', but the property was rated 'sufficient'. GRADE quality of evidence for SHAPE's development and content validity was not graded due to indeterminate results. For the remaining measurement properties, evidence quality ranged from low to very low across studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SHAPE questionnaire has preliminary support from OMI development and shows promise in some psychometric domains. The NQ lacks pediatric validation. Development of age-appropriate, clinically relevant OMIs is essential for accurate DB assessment in children. PROSPERO No: CRD42024530540.</p>","PeriodicalId":20748,"journal":{"name":"Quality of Life Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Felix Butt, Jan-Philipp Klein, Cora Schefft, Stephan Köhler
{"title":"Effectiveness of unguided web-based interventions for the treatment of depressive symptoms in improving the quality of life: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Felix Butt, Jan-Philipp Klein, Cora Schefft, Stephan Köhler","doi":"10.1007/s11136-025-04057-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-025-04057-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Unguided internet-based interventions (IBIs) have proven to be effective in reducing depressive symptoms. The primary objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of unguided IBIs on quality of life (QoL).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We searched eligible databases via PubMed and OVID for articles published between the inception of the databases and the 1st of October 2024. For quality assessment, the RoB-2 tool was used. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined unguided IBIs, specifically designed to reduce depressive symptoms for patients between the age of 18-65 years. A three-level random effects model was employed for analysing global QoL as well as mental and physical health related QoL and depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 15 studies on 20 unique IBIs were included, comprising a total sample size of 3623 participants. Unguided IBIs significantly improved users' global QoL at the end of the intervention compared to control groups (g = 0.29, 95% CI [0.04, 0.55], p = 0.03). Mental and physical health QoL measurements did not significantly differ post intervention or 6-months follow-up. Furthermore, unguided IBIs had a small effect on depressive symptoms post intervention (g = - 0.37 (95% CI -0.62 to - 0.12, p = 0.01) but not at 6-months follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate that unguided IBIs are effective in enhancing users' global QoL by the end of the intervention and in reducing depressive symptoms. The main limitations of this study are the small sample size and concerns regarding most bias domains. Further research is needed to investigate the effect of unguided IBIs on different QoL domains. Nonetheless, this meta-analysis provides valuable insights into the potential of unguided IBIs to enhance quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":20748,"journal":{"name":"Quality of Life Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Shelley Wang, Mariela Blum Murphy, Shu-En Shen, Elizabeth Letona, Laila Noor, Charles S Cleeland
{"title":"Defining critical symptom parameters for an ePRO-based management pathway during systemic treatment for advanced upper gastrointestinal cancer: a longitudinal study.","authors":"Xin Shelley Wang, Mariela Blum Murphy, Shu-En Shen, Elizabeth Letona, Laila Noor, Charles S Cleeland","doi":"10.1007/s11136-025-04075-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-025-04075-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Establishing a care pathway based on electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) is necessary to effectively assess and manage outpatients undergoing active treatment. This study investigated symptom burden in patients with advanced upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer and the characteristics needed for implementing an ePRO system to monitor these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients undergoing systemic therapy for metastatic UGI cancer rated symptom severity and functional impairment by completing the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory for Gastrointestinal Cancer (MDASI-GI) repeatedly for 12 months. Group-based trajectory analysis classified patients into a high-severity symptom group if their symptoms were consistently rated higher than other patients' symptoms over time. A composite score of the most-severe symptoms was calculated and evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 111 enrollees, 92 patients (esophageal, 35%; gastroesophageal junction, 25%; gastric, 40%) provided PRO data at baseline plus at least the first 2 weeks of treatment. More than 55% of patients were in the high-severity group for fatigue, lack of appetite, numbness/tingling, and drowsiness, and more than 33% were in the high-severity symptom for inability to eat, nausea, pain, and disturbed sleep. A composite score of these 8 symptoms (45% in the high-severity symptom group; mean 4.5, median 4.4) was associated with poorer quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this real-world longitudinal study, 45% of patients with advanced UGI reported 8 disease- or treatment-specific symptoms that were persistently more severe over time. This provides a rationale for implementing ePRO-based routine assessment and management of this patient cohort during systemic therapy, especially during the first 12 weeks of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20748,"journal":{"name":"Quality of Life Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yiyin Cao, Ye Zhou, Paul Schneider, Will King, Xu Jin, Haofei Li, Runhong Li, Hongjuan Yu, Chunzi Gao, Weidong Huang, Nan Luo
{"title":"Developing a patient-based utility value set for the EORTC QLU-C10D using the OPUF method in Chinese cancer patients.","authors":"Yiyin Cao, Ye Zhou, Paul Schneider, Will King, Xu Jin, Haofei Li, Runhong Li, Hongjuan Yu, Chunzi Gao, Weidong Huang, Nan Luo","doi":"10.1007/s11136-025-04073-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-025-04073-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20748,"journal":{"name":"Quality of Life Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lissi Hansen, Michael F Chang, Shirin O Hiatt, Susan J Rosenkranz, Nathan F Dieckmann, Christopher S Lee
{"title":"Longitudinal changes in physical and psychological outcomes in spousal vs. non-spousal caregivers for patients with end-stage liver disease.","authors":"Lissi Hansen, Michael F Chang, Shirin O Hiatt, Susan J Rosenkranz, Nathan F Dieckmann, Christopher S Lee","doi":"10.1007/s11136-025-04064-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-025-04064-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although caregivers for patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) experience adverse physical and psychological outcomes, little is known about how these experiences change over time. The aim of this study was to identify trajectories in physical and psychological outcomes in caregivers for adults with ESLD over the course of 12 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Informal caregivers (age ≥ 18 years) were recruited from liver clinics within two medical centers. Survey data were collected at baseline and every 3 months for 12 months. Caregivers completed the Multidimensional Caregiver Strain Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Patient Health Questionnaire, Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale for Family Members, Short Form Health Survey, and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample (N = 186, age 56.7 ± 13.2 years) were predominantly female (75.3%) and White (89.2%). Caregiver sleep quality and depressive symptoms did not change, whereas care-related strain (p = 0.001) and uncertainty (p = 0.001) improved significantly over time. Spousal caregivers had significantly worse mental quality of life (QOL) at baseline (p = 0.006) compared to non-spousal caregivers. Spousal caregiver mental QOL improved over time, whereas there was no change in mental QOL of non-spousal caregivers (p = 0.025). Relationship quality and female gender were associated with worsening physical QOL over time (p = 0.011 and p = 0.012, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To maintain or improve caregivers' abilities to provide care, healthcare professionals should provide resources to caregivers. Future research should include longitudinal, dyadic studies and focus on interventions for improving caregiver physical and mental QOL.</p>","PeriodicalId":20748,"journal":{"name":"Quality of Life Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guangjie Zhang, Yifan Ding, Zhuxin Mao, Zhihao Yang, Nan Luo, Jan Busschbach
{"title":"Developing a quality of life framework from the perspective of laypeople: a qualitative comparison with the EQ-HWB framework.","authors":"Guangjie Zhang, Yifan Ding, Zhuxin Mao, Zhihao Yang, Nan Luo, Jan Busschbach","doi":"10.1007/s11136-025-04038-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-025-04038-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The EuroQol health and well-being instrument (EQ-HWB™) measures quality of life (QoL) outcomes in health, public health, and social care settings. Its conceptual framework is rooted in QoL theory, a multidimensional concept encompassing social, psychological, and physical aspects influenced by cultural factors. The content validity of the EQ-HWB remains unexplored in China. This study addressed this gap through qualitative interviews with Chinese laypeople, uncovering their QoL conceptual framework and comparing it with the EQ-HWB's to evaluate how well it captures its intended outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Quota sampling recruited respondents from two regions in China, ensuring diversity in age, gender, education, health conditions, and caregiving experience. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed by two coders using a thematic framework approach. The coders refined codes through consensus, removed irrelevant ones based on set criteria, and organized the remaining codes into sub-themes and themes to develop a Chinese QoL conceptual framework. Lastly, this Chinese QoL framework was compared with the EQ-HWB conceptual framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty respondents were recruited and interviewed, achieving data saturation in the last three interviews. From 221 initial codes, 187 were retained to develop a conceptual framework comprising eight themes: feeling and emotion, cognition, self-identity, coping, physical sensation, relationship, activity, and mindset. This framework largely aligned with the EQ-HWB conceptual framework, except for the absence of the 'mindset' theme.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The conceptual framework of the EQ-HWB is well-represented within the QoL framework. The findings support the content validity of the EQ-HWB among laypeople in the Chinese context.</p>","PeriodicalId":20748,"journal":{"name":"Quality of Life Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ling Jie Cheng, Justin Guang Jie Lee, Calvin Wei Jie Chern, Jing Ying Cheng, Annushiah Vasan Thakumar, Nan Luo, Gerald Choon Huat Koh, Qin Xiang Ng
{"title":"Health-related quality of life among multiethnic public polyclinic users in Singapore and associated factors: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ling Jie Cheng, Justin Guang Jie Lee, Calvin Wei Jie Chern, Jing Ying Cheng, Annushiah Vasan Thakumar, Nan Luo, Gerald Choon Huat Koh, Qin Xiang Ng","doi":"10.1007/s11136-025-04069-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-025-04069-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a crucial health outcome, reflecting both clinical status and broader well-being. Singapore faces the dual challenge of rapid population ageing and increasing chronic disease prevalence. Yet, comprehensive data on HRQoL in primary care remain scarce, as most research focuses on hospital-based or disease-specific populations rather than routine public primary care (polyclinic) users. This study aimed to describe HRQoL among public polyclinic users in Singapore and identify sociodemographic, clinical, and patient activation factors associated with HRQoL variations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study among adults attending two large public polyclinics in Singapore. Participants completed the EQ-5D-5L, the Consumer Health Activation Index (CHAI), and surveys on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. We summarised HRQoL and participant characteristics descriptively and used a two-part regression model for the EQ-5D-5L index and linear regression for the EQ VAS scores to identify independent predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 572 participants, the mean EQ index and EQ VAS scores were 0.89 (SD = 0.16) and 77.0 (SD = 12.7), respectively. Pain/Discomfort and Anxiety/Depression were the dimensions with the most reported problems (23.1% and 18.4%, respectively). Higher CHAI scores (EQ index: β = 0.002; VAS: β = 5.0) and better self-rated health (EQ index: β = 0.09; VAS: β = 14.3) predicted better HRQoL. Malay ethnicity and comorbidities were linked to lower EQ index scores, while younger age, male gender, and moderate income were associated with lower EQ VAS scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HRQoL among Singaporean polyclinic users varies by sociodemographic, clinical, and activation factors, underscoring persistent age, ethnic, and gender disparities. Integrating HRQoL assessment and culturally tailored interventions into primary care may help reduce these inequities.</p>","PeriodicalId":20748,"journal":{"name":"Quality of Life Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mrinmayee Joshi, A Simon Pickard, Kibum Kim, Lisa K Sharp, Ben S Gerber, Daniel R Touchette
{"title":"Health-related quality of life in racial and ethnic minority adults with type 2 diabetes: validity and responsiveness of the EQ-5D-3L.","authors":"Mrinmayee Joshi, A Simon Pickard, Kibum Kim, Lisa K Sharp, Ben S Gerber, Daniel R Touchette","doi":"10.1007/s11136-025-04070-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-025-04070-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20748,"journal":{"name":"Quality of Life Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linfei Ding, Yunxun Chen, Yan Zhang, Xin Fu, Qin Liu, Xiaoyu Li
{"title":"Measurement properties of Chinese-version assessment tools of health-related quality of life in patients with stroke: a systematic review.","authors":"Linfei Ding, Yunxun Chen, Yan Zhang, Xin Fu, Qin Liu, Xiaoyu Li","doi":"10.1007/s11136-025-04050-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-025-04050-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To systematically evaluate the measurement properties of Chinese versions of HRQOL scales for stroke and provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical and research use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten databases (e.g., CNKI, VIP, PubMed, Embase) were searched from inception to September 2024. Studies evaluating the measurement properties of Chinese HRQOL scales for stroke patients were included. Two researchers independently screened, extracted data, and assessed measurement properties and methodological quality using COSMIN standards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-seven studies were included, reporting on content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, reliability, hypotheses testing for construct validity, responsiveness, and measurement error. Two tools demonstrated sufficient content validity and at least low-quality evidence of sufficient internal consistency (Category A), while 17 were classified as Category B.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although diverse, the overall quality of Chinese versions of HRQOL scales is suboptimal, and further studies are needed. MHIEC-ST and SAQOL-39 g are recommended, with further measurement properties studies needed to refine and enhance these tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":20748,"journal":{"name":"Quality of Life Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}