Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society最新文献_第6页

Effect of the 17beta-aminoestrogen pentolame on bone mineral levels in ovariectomized rats. 17 -氨基雌激素对去卵巢大鼠骨矿物质水平的影响。

Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society Pub Date : 2009-01-01

María Estela Avila, Sonia Angeles Garcia, Margarita Reyes Salas, Silvia Antuna, Cristina Lemini

{"title":"Effect of the 17beta-aminoestrogen pentolame on bone mineral levels in ovariectomized rats.","authors":"María Estela Avila, Sonia Angeles Garcia, Margarita Reyes Salas, Silvia Antuna, Cristina Lemini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Estrogens are fundamental to maintaining bone mineral balance. 17beta-aminoestrogens produce low estrogenic effects through ERalpha and ERbeta receptors, however their effects on bone tissue are unknown. This work evaluates the effects of the 17beta-aminoestrogen pentolame (AEP) and estradiol (E2) on the mineral profile of rat femur. Six months after ovariectomy (Ovx) adult Wistar rats (200-250g) were treated every third day for 30 days with subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of E2 (1, 10, 100 microg/kg), AEP (1, 10, 100, 500 microg/kg) or vehicle (propylenglycol; 1 ml/kg). After treatment, femur samples were prepared and Ca, P, Mg, Si, Fe, S, Na, K, and Cl concentration profiles were estimated using an X-ray analysis system coupled to an scanning electron microscope. Ovariectomy significantly decreased Ca, P, Mg and Si and increased Fe and S. Treatment with E2 restored Ca, P, Mg, and Si to the control values and decreased Fe and S in a dose dependent manner. AEP restored the levels of Ca, P, Mg and Si at all doses administered. AEP increased the levels of Fe and restored S to the basal level. The other minerals showed great variability and no significant differences were detected. Our results indicate differential action of AEP related to E2 in the restitution of bone mineral content.","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30293309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute toxicity of guaiacol administered subcutaneously in the mouse. 小鼠皮下注射愈创木酚的急性毒性。

Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society Pub Date : 2009-01-01

Maria Elena Martínez Enriquez, Andrea Del Villar, David Chauvet, Alfredo Lopez Valle, Macario Susano Pompeyo, Alfonso Efraín Campos Sepúlveda

{"title":"Acute toxicity of guaiacol administered subcutaneously in the mouse.","authors":"Maria Elena Martínez Enriquez, Andrea Del Villar, David Chauvet, Alfredo Lopez Valle, Macario Susano Pompeyo, Alfonso Efraín Campos Sepúlveda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Guaiacol is a compound used as expectorant. In Mexico City, this product is being illegally used for aesthetic treatment with fatal results. The aim of this study is to confirm the lethal toxicity documented in humans. Male Swiss Webster mice (CFW) 30-45g were employed. Dose-response curves to guaiacol were performed by subcutaneous administration (6.25-400 microl/40g). Basal temperature was recorded 30-120 min following administration of guaiacol. Animals were continuously observed for 120 min after guaiacol administration, lethality and toxicity manifestations were recorded. Depending of the dose, high toxicity was observed; sub lethal doses (6.25-12.5 microl/40 g) produced tachycardia and hyperactivity, follow by sedation, hypnosis, high hypothermic effect (loss of 6 degrees C) dyspnea, myoclonus, hematuria, blindness, abdominal distension and in higher doses (25-400 microl/40 g) lethal effect. Necropsy showed hepatic and renal necrosis, pulmonary edema, hemorrhages and bladder clotting. We concluded that guaiacol is an extremely toxic product (toxic rating class 5) whose use should be restricted or banned.","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30291090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge about local anesthetics in odontology students. 齿科学生局部麻醉学知识的调查。

Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society Pub Date : 2009-01-01

Rodrigo Guzmán Alvarez, Alfonso Efraín Campos Sepúlveda, Adrian Alejandro Martínez González

引用次数: 0

Medicalization of pharmacology teaching: an urgent need in the medical curriculum. 药理学教学医学化:医学课程教学的迫切需要。

Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society Pub Date : 2009-01-01

Rodolfo Rodriguez, Horacio Vidrio, Efrain Campos-Sepulveda

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of postoperative continuous wound infiltration with local anesthetic after major abdominal surgery. 局麻对腹部大手术术后持续创面浸润的影响。

Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society Pub Date : 2009-01-01

Adel R Abadir, Fred Nicolas, Ramiz Gharabawy, Trusha Shah, Rafik Michael

{"title":"Efficacy of postoperative continuous wound infiltration with local anesthetic after major abdominal surgery.","authors":"Adel R Abadir, Fred Nicolas, Ramiz Gharabawy, Trusha Shah, Rafik Michael","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy, safety, opioid sparing effects and improvement of respiratory function when using 0.2% ropivacaine continuous wound infiltration after major intra-abdominal surgery. Forty patients undergoing major intra-abdominal surgery requiring a midline incision of > or = 20 cm were enrolled into this IRB-approved, randomized, prospective controlled study. Group 1: 20 patients, parenteral analgesia (control group). Group II: 20 patients, with local anesthetic wound infiltration (pain pump group). At the end of the procedure, in the pain pump group of patients, a multi hole, 20-gauge catheter was inserted percutaneously, above the fascia. An initial dose of 10 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine was injected in the wound through the catheter. A device provided continuous delivery of 0.2% ropivacaine; the infusion was initiated at 6 ml/h for the following two days. The total \"rescue\" morphine and oxycodone/acetaminophen tablets administered were significantly lower in the pain pump group. At all time intervals, resting pain scores were significantly lower in the pain pump group when compared with the control group. However, at the 4-48 and 12-48 hours pain scores generated after leg raise and coughing, respectively, were significantly lower in group II. The patient vital capacities were insignificantly higher in group II. We conclude that after major abdominal surgery, infiltration and continuous wound instillation with 0.2% ropivacaine decreases postoperative pain, opioid requirements and oral analgesia. Early patient rehabilitation, hastening convalescence, and preventing respiratory complications are expected outcomes of this approach.","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30293307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fibrinolysis treatment for loculated parapneumonic pleural effusion secondary to right lower lobe pneumonia. 右下肺叶肺炎继发的局限性肺旁胸腔积液的纤溶治疗。

Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society Pub Date : 2009-01-01

Lourdes G Merlo, Saba Ansari, Bhupinder Singh, Fikerte F Teferedgin, Kelly L Cervellione, Jonas Gintautas, Mohammad A Babury

引用次数: 0

Comparison between types of cancer chemotherapies used in a private and a government-based hospital in Mexico. 墨西哥私立医院和公立医院使用的癌症化疗类型的比较。

Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society Pub Date : 2009-01-01

David Calderón Guzmán, Hugo Juarez Olguín, Angeles Guevara Zempoalteca, Arturo Juárez Jacobo, Lourdes Segura Abarca, Gerardo Barragán Mejía, Ernestina Hernández García

{"title":"Comparison between types of cancer chemotherapies used in a private and a government-based hospital in Mexico.","authors":"David Calderón Guzmán, Hugo Juarez Olguín, Angeles Guevara Zempoalteca, Arturo Juárez Jacobo, Lourdes Segura Abarca, Gerardo Barragán Mejía, Ernestina Hernández García","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We have compared the frequency and types of cancer chemotherapies used in a private hospital and in a government-based hospital in Mexico City. A retrospective study was conducted from January 2005 to December 2007, and therapeutic management determined in 415 cases reviewed by the attending physicians of the oncology service. In the government-based hospital, 60 different types of cancer were found among 273 patients diagnosed. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) had the greatest incidence (30%), followed by Hodgkin's lymphoma (9%), retinoblastoma (7%), neuroblastoma (6%), and osteosarcoma (6%). The entire number of chemotherapy sessions was 7575. Drugs most frequently employed included etoposide (577), followed by methotrexate (575), vincristine (483), cyclophosphamide (312), and cytarabine (277). The economic status among these patients was mainly of limited resources and represented 80% of the total number of patients. The types of cancer found in the private hospital were similar, however the drugs used were predominantly cyclophosphamide (416), doxorubicin (382), 5-fluorouracil (368), paclitaxel (237) and cisplatin (128). The types of cancer were similar in both hospitals and reflected the incidence among the entire population in Mexico, since acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma and retinoblastoma, were the types most represented. However, the treatment schemes differed; the chemotherapeutic agents used in the private hospital were rather more specific but significantly more expensive than those employed in the government hospital.","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30147750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differential effect of clozapine and haloperidol on rats treated with methylphenidate in the open field test. 氯氮平与氟哌啶醇对哌甲酯治疗大鼠的差异作用。

Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society Pub Date : 2009-01-01

J A Saldívar-González, U E Campos-Rodriguez, M A Cano-Cruz

{"title":"Differential effect of clozapine and haloperidol on rats treated with methylphenidate in the open field test.","authors":"J A Saldívar-González, U E Campos-Rodriguez, M A Cano-Cruz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Development of atypical antipsychotic compounds is an important task in pharmacology in order to improve therapeutic features and avoid side effects shown by classical antipsychotic compounds. The prototype of the second generation compounds, clozapine differs from typical antipsychotics by having a high D4 and 5HT(2A) and low D2 receptor affinity. Clozapine is the prototype agent for screening new atypical antipsychotic compounds. Clozapine was compared to haloperidol in the open field animal model in which crossings, rearings and rearing time were analyzed. Clozapine (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and haloperidol (0.03 mg/kg) were administered by intraperitoneal injection. Five days before experiments, animals were given methylphenidate (12 mg/kg, orally). The experiments were performed 24 hr after the last methylphenidate dose. In the open field test, clozapine blocked the increase in rearing time and rearings elicited by methylphenidate administration in a dose-dependent fashion. No effect was observed in crossings at 1 mg/kg, but there was at 0.5 mg/kg. This could be related to an anxiolytic action at this dose. Haloperidol blocked the increase in rearing time, rearings and crossings. Results are discussed in terms of the putative participation of D4 subtype receptors in the mediation of time and rearing behavior. This approach could be used for the screening of atypical antipsychotic drugs.","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30290576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Angiotensin II pressor response in the L-NAME-induced hypertensive pithed rat: role of the AT1 receptor. l - name诱导的高血压大鼠血管紧张素II升压反应:AT1受体的作用。

Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society Pub Date : 2009-01-01

Edgar Saúl Figueroa-Guillén, Patricia Castro-Moreno, Felipe Francisco Rivera-Jardón, Itzell A Gallardo-Ortiz, Maximiliano Ibarra-Barajas, Daniel Godínez-Hernández

{"title":"Angiotensin II pressor response in the L-NAME-induced hypertensive pithed rat: role of the AT1 receptor.","authors":"Edgar Saúl Figueroa-Guillén, Patricia Castro-Moreno, Felipe Francisco Rivera-Jardón, Itzell A Gallardo-Ortiz, Maximiliano Ibarra-Barajas, Daniel Godínez-Hernández","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The blockade of renin-angiotensin system by pharmacological interventions with angiotensin converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or AT1 receptor antagonists in the juvenile critical age may attenuate or even prevent the development of hypertension. In this work, we determined the Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor role in L-NAME-induced hypertension in pithed rats. Male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were used. Rats were divided into the following groups: Control (tap water) and N(omega)-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 60 mg/kg/day/2 weeks). Dose-response curves to Ang II were constructed in the pithed rat. The results show that Ang II evoked blood pressure increase in pithed rats in a dose-related manner. In L-NAME-treated rats a greater maximal effect was observed, indicating that L-NAME promotes Ang II hypersensitivity. In L-NAME-treated rats, Ang II response was blocked by losartan (1 and 3 mg/kg), a selective AT1 receptor antagonist, indicating that AT1 receptor influence L-NAME hypertensive mechanism. Our results suggest that Ang II hypersensitivity in L-NAME-induced hypertension can be due to increased AT1 receptor expression or sensitivity changes.","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30293312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measurement of human breast tumor cell-secreted shNDPK-B in a murine breast cancer model suggests its role in metastatic progression. 在小鼠乳腺癌模型中测量人类乳腺肿瘤细胞分泌的 shNDPK-B，表明其在转移进展中的作用。

Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society Pub Date : 2009-01-01

Nucharee Yokdang, Noah D Buxton, Iain L O Buxton

{"title":"Measurement of human breast tumor cell-secreted shNDPK-B in a murine breast cancer model suggests its role in metastatic progression.","authors":"Nucharee Yokdang, Noah D Buxton, Iain L O Buxton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Human breast cancers metastasize early in tumorigenesis and distant lesions, though dormant are very likely extant at the time of diagnosis and treatment in the majority of cases. Removal of primary tumors by surgeons as an imperative of the current treatment approach, also removes inhibitory factors secreted by the primary tumor that had maintained the dormancy of the metastases. We have identified a factor secreted by human breast cancer cells that supports the formation of blood vessels and may be a principal early factor supporting the growth and development of metastases in human disease. Here we demonstrate for the first time that this factor, secreted (s) human (h) nucleoside diphosphate kinase type B (shNDPK-B), product of the nm23-h2 gene, can be detected specifically with high sensitivity (50 pg/ml; 2.5 pM) in an ELISA assay of our own design. We further demonstrate that shNDPK-B is released into the circulation in immunocompromized mice carrying the human breast carcinoma cell MDA-MB-231. These data support the hypothesis that shNDPK-B may be responsible for the early events in angiogenesis supporting both primary and metastatic tumor growth and development.","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2935590/pdf/nihms231348.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40059584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0