Process Safety Progress最新文献_第3页

Application and challenges of layers of protection analysis (LOPA) in mining processes: Insights into benefits and limitations 采矿过程中保护层分析（LOPA）的应用和挑战：洞察效益和局限性

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12615

Laura Anato, Luis Carrero, Guy Brouillard, Catherine Morar

{"title":"Application and challenges of layers of protection analysis (LOPA) in mining processes: Insights into benefits and limitations","authors":"Laura Anato, Luis Carrero, Guy Brouillard, Catherine Morar","doi":"10.1002/prs.12615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12615","url":null,"abstract":"Layers of protection analysis (LOPA) is a semiquantitative technique widely used in process industries for assessing hazardous scenarios and supporting risk‐informed decision making. It provides a balance between the simplicity of qualitative analysis and the detail of quantitative analysis. This paper discusses the authors' experiences with the application of LOPA in the mining and metals (M&M) industry, combined with traditional methods like HAZOP and HAZID, to identify risks. Several of LOPA's limitations became evident, and scenarios involving human factors, natural events, and asset integrity were excluded from analysis. Certain M&M processes, often complex and heavily reliant on manual operations, pose unique challenges to LOPA's effectiveness due to difficulties in isolating independent protection layers: for example, those involving induction furnaces where overheat scenarios can lead to explosive phase transitions upon contact with water and molten metal. Despite these challenges, the advantages of LOPA, such as enhanced understanding of protection layers and fostering effective safety improvements, are significant. The paper anticipates continued use of LOPA within the company, complemented by safety critical task analysis to manage human errors and enhance safety controls in critical situations.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140974031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on the thermal runaway characteristics and risks of square soft lithium‐ion batteries nail penetration 方形软锂离子电池热失控特性及风险研究钉子的穿透力

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12613

Jun Wang, Le Wang, Renming Pan, Xia Zhou

{"title":"Research on the thermal runaway characteristics and risks of square soft lithium‐ion batteries nail penetration","authors":"Jun Wang, Le Wang, Renming Pan, Xia Zhou","doi":"10.1002/prs.12613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12613","url":null,"abstract":"To conduct a comprehensive investigation into the nail penetration thermal runaway (TR) characteristics of 16 Ah/5 Ah lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and their modules. The study aims to analyze the burst characteristics and examine the variations in TR behavior under specific conditions, with the goal of improving early warning and protection against LIB TR incidents. The research findings demonstrate that mechanical nail penetration can rapidly trigger TR, resulting in the highest temperature 522.3°C within 51.9 s, and the fastest is 20 s. In the case of LIB modules, a secondary temperature rise occurs, exhibiting an increased rate of up to 77%. Notably, when the battery bulges, there is a release of high‐temperature two‐phase heat flow accompanied by a significant discharge of combustible gases. This escalation increases the risk of further explosions. Moreover, the study observes repeated spray fires and the generation of a considerable amount of smoke. Additionally, the study highlights the role of sudden rise in temperature and the release of H2 as early indicators of TR. These findings provide valuable theoretical insights into the characteristics and risks of square soft LIBs, enhance safety measures, and contribute to the development of early warning systems for LIBs.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140942473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety considerations for hydrometallurgical metal recovery from lithium‐ion batteries 从锂离子电池中进行湿法冶金金属回收的安全考虑因素

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12618

Sakshi Jain, Seyed Mojtaba Hoseyni, Joan Cordiner

引用次数: 0

Retrospective on the risk matrix, part II: Mathematics 风险矩阵回顾，第二部分：数学

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12614

James A. Moseman

引用次数: 0

Optimal hybrid layout of point and open‐path gas detectors in process facilities of natural gas stations 天然气站工艺设备中点式和开路式气体探测器的最佳混合布局

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12607

Fei Xiao, Hao Qian, Lisheng Liu, Lingling Shao

{"title":"Optimal hybrid layout of point and open‐path gas detectors in process facilities of natural gas stations","authors":"Fei Xiao, Hao Qian, Lisheng Liu, Lingling Shao","doi":"10.1002/prs.12607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12607","url":null,"abstract":"Because open‐path gas detectors offer superior technical performance, leakage monitoring systems tend to use a hybrid layout of point and open‐path gas detectors. However, most research on the optimized layout of leakage monitoring has focused only on point gas detectors. In this paper, an optimization model for a hybrid layout of point and open‐path gas detectors was proposed considering the cost–benefit ratio and detection time. As the measured value of an open‐path gas detector is an integral concentration, a monitor line in the simulation was calculated via the approximate rectangle method. The results showed that the use of a multiobjective gas detector layout considering the cost–benefit ratio and an improved non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA‐II) could optimize the layout of hybrid detectors. The hybrid layout was analyzed in a case study of process facilities at a natural gas station. As the number of detectors increased (safety investment), the proportion of open‐path gas detectors increased, improving both leakage monitoring performance and the cost–benefit ratio. Additionally, the layout of the point gas detectors was analyzed. A comparison of objective function values for detection time showed the superiority of the hybrid layout in our research.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Special Issue: The 4th International Symposium on Urban and Industrial Safety 特刊：第四届城市与工业安全国际研讨会

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12616

Xin Zhang, Yong Pan

引用次数: 0

AI‐PSM: Where are we now? AI-PSM：我们现在在哪里？

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12610

Rainer Hoff

引用次数: 0

Introductions from the new editors of Process Safety Progress 工艺安全进展》新编辑的介绍