Dispersion evaluation of hydrogen sulfide inclusion in a cryogenic distillation pilot plant

IF 1 4区工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI:10.1002/prs.12597

Mohd Syazwan Mohd Shukor, Rozita Omar, Mohamad Rezi Abdul Hamid, Mohd Razif Harun, Mohamad Syazarudin Md Said

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A risk analysis simulation was completed for a cryogenic distillation (Cryo‐D) pilot operation processing a natural gas feed stream containing H2S. This study placed significant H2S concentration inside the Cryo‐D and evaluated its dispersion after a simulated leak within the pilot plant. Sensitivity analysis using an in‐house process simulation identified the operating conditions that caused the highest surroundings H2S concentration. A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) dispersion simulation assessed H2S leakage at the bottom column section and its effects on operators. A case with 60 bar column pressure, −30°C inlet temperature and 10% H2S input gas had the highest mass flow rate of 4.74 kg/h H2S through a leak. Leaked H2S covers 50% of the building within 60 s. Within 120 s, H2S accumulates toward the column bottom. At 120 s, most operators are exposed to above 1000 ppm H2S, which may cause fatalities instantly. Recommendations include enhancing the ventilation of the building by installing ventilation near the base of the cryogenic column in order to lessen the exposure concentration. In conclusion, H2S leakage from an indoor Cryo‐D pilot plant can cause catastrophic consequences due to its rapid dispersion and accumulation throughout the building.

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低温蒸馏试验设备中硫化氢夹杂物的分散评估

对处理含有 H2S 的天然气原料流的低温蒸馏（Cryo-D）试验操作进行了风险分析模拟。这项研究将大量 H2S 浓度置于 Cryo-D 内部，并评估了模拟泄漏后 H2S 在试验工厂内的扩散情况。利用内部工艺模拟进行的敏感性分析确定了导致周围 H2S 浓度最高的运行条件。计算流体动力学（CFD）扩散模拟评估了底部塔段的 H2S 泄漏及其对操作人员的影响。在塔压为 60 巴、入口温度为 -30°C 和输入气体为 10% H2S 的情况下，通过泄漏产生的 H2S 质量流量最高，达到 4.74 kg/h。泄漏的 H2S 在 60 秒内覆盖了建筑物的 50%。在 120 秒内，大多数操作人员暴露在 1000 ppm 以上的 H2S 中，可能会当场死亡。建议包括加强建筑物的通风，在靠近低温柱底部的地方安装通风设备，以降低接触浓度。总之，室内低温分解中试设备的 H2S 泄漏可导致灾难性后果，因为它在整个建筑物内迅速扩散和积累。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Process Safety Progress 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

2.20

自引率

10.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Process Safety Progress covers process safety for engineering professionals. It addresses such topics as incident investigations/case histories, hazardous chemicals management, hazardous leaks prevention, risk assessment, process hazards evaluation, industrial hygiene, fire and explosion analysis, preventive maintenance, vapor cloud dispersion, and regulatory compliance, training, education, and other areas in process safety and loss prevention, including emerging concerns like plant and/or process security. Papers from the annual Loss Prevention Symposium and other AIChE safety conferences are automatically considered for publication, but unsolicited papers, particularly those addressing process safety issues in emerging technologies and industries are encouraged and evaluated equally.