{"title":"Testing and approval standard development of online dissolved gas analysis monitors for oil‐filled transformers—Part I hydrogen monitors","authors":"Paul Su, Rajni Madan, Sujit Purushothaman","doi":"10.1002/prs.12636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12636","url":null,"abstract":"The failure of mineral oil‐filled transformers has been involved in numerous fire and explosion incidents during operations. The power industry has developed online dissolved gas analysis (DGA) monitoring systems capable of diagnosing transformer faults continuously. This study has established new test procedures and pass/fail criteria to evaluate the accuracy of online H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> monitors, resulting in the creation of a new approval standard.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Finding articles in Process Safety Progress back issues","authors":"Albert Ness","doi":"10.1002/prs.12633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141586062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Leading by example: Culture, leadership, and accountability","authors":"Michael P. Broadribb","doi":"10.1002/prs.12634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12634","url":null,"abstract":"Process safety practices and management systems have been in place for many years and have been widely credited for reductions in major accident risk. However, many organizations today are challenged by inadequate management system performance, resource pressures, and stagnant or declining process safety performance. Systems for managing process safety have not been fully successful in some organizations due to a variety of issues; major, frequent contributors include a lack of senior management commitment and poor safety culture. Senior management commitment and safety culture are inextricably linked, as the quality of an organization's leadership and their commitment will drive or limit the culture. Changes to improve management systems are relatively easy to implement, but extremely difficult to sustain without strong leadership commitment and total line management support. It is not just a case of changing the systems, but also changing the safety culture of the organization. Safety culture tends to be the result of everything that happened or failed to happen and represents the organization's shared values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors with respect to safety (occupational safety and process safety). To change the safety culture and sustain the change, leadership must care and <jats:italic>explicitly</jats:italic> show that they care <jats:italic>all of the time</jats:italic>. Only then can an organization begin to improve its culture. The first step for any organization is identifying and understanding their existing culture. This paper will present the essential features of a sound safety culture and a methodology for identifying safety culture weaknesses based upon a culture, leadership, and accountability (CLA) review protocol used at different levels of the organization. Other key steps involved in changing and sustaining an improved safety culture will also be addressed.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141586063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on the thermal runaway characteristics and risks of square soft lithium‐ion batteries nail penetration","authors":"Jun Wang, Le Wang, Renming Pan, Xia Zhou","doi":"10.1002/prs.12613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12613","url":null,"abstract":"To conduct a comprehensive investigation into the nail penetration thermal runaway (TR) characteristics of 16 Ah/5 Ah lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and their modules. The study aims to analyze the burst characteristics and examine the variations in TR behavior under specific conditions, with the goal of improving early warning and protection against LIB TR incidents. The research findings demonstrate that mechanical nail penetration can rapidly trigger TR, resulting in the highest temperature 522.3°C within 51.9 s, and the fastest is 20 s. In the case of LIB modules, a secondary temperature rise occurs, exhibiting an increased rate of up to 77%. Notably, when the battery bulges, there is a release of high‐temperature two‐phase heat flow accompanied by a significant discharge of combustible gases. This escalation increases the risk of further explosions. Moreover, the study observes repeated spray fires and the generation of a considerable amount of smoke. Additionally, the study highlights the role of sudden rise in temperature and the release of H2 as early indicators of TR. These findings provide valuable theoretical insights into the characteristics and risks of square soft LIBs, enhance safety measures, and contribute to the development of early warning systems for LIBs.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":"209 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140942473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Safety considerations for hydrometallurgical metal recovery from lithium‐ion batteries","authors":"Sakshi Jain, Seyed Mojtaba Hoseyni, Joan Cordiner","doi":"10.1002/prs.12618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12618","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the critical process safety considerations inherent in hydrometallurgical metal recovery within the lithium‐ion battery (LiB) recycling process. As hydrometallurgy application in LiB recycling is still in the early stages of development, it is crucial to identify the hazards and provide safety recommendations. Hazards related to hydrometallurgy are identified and categorized in process, toxic, fire, explosion, corrosion, environment, storage, and transport hazards. Risk reduction measures are suggested using the hierarchy of control methodology to eliminate and reduce risks to as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP), based on UK regulatory framework.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Special Issue: The 4th International Symposium on Urban and Industrial Safety","authors":"Xin Zhang, Yong Pan","doi":"10.1002/prs.12616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12616","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AI‐PSM: Where are we now?","authors":"Rainer Hoff","doi":"10.1002/prs.12610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12610","url":null,"abstract":"Since its public debut in late 2022, ChatGPT has sparked growing interest in AI (Artificial Intelligence) within the Process Safety Management (PSM) community, serving as a tool for data capture and industry‐wide knowledge utilization. While machine learning (ML) had previously been explored in process safety, the emergence of large language models with chat‐style interfaces has made AI more accessible to non‐experts. Over the past year, I have managed the “AI‐PSM” LinkedIn group, facilitating discussions among PSM practitioners on the AI applications in PSM. These discussions have been analyzed using Prof. Thomas Malone's “4 Roles of AI” framework. This paper explores prevailing sentiments among AI‐PSM group members using Malone's model, addressing challenges such as mathematical problem‐solving, errors, and benchmarking.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introductions from the new editors of Process Safety Progress","authors":"Albert Ness","doi":"10.1002/prs.12612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12612","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140834555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Procedure excellence: Changing paradigms to enable human reliability","authors":"Elliot Wolf‐Stokes, Rob Fisher","doi":"10.1002/prs.12603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12603","url":null,"abstract":"A multi‐year review of process safety event learning data revealed that procedure usability and human factors were leading the trends of performance deviations by front‐line personnel. These insights prompted an enterprise‐wide Agile project to build capability focused on effective written guidance using science‐based tools and advanced error reduction techniques. Application of the Agile methodology was critical to gaining stakeholder commitment and establishing a comprehensive procedure integrity lifecycle to drive continuous improvement. Chemours partnered with an external consultant to create a holistic framework applicable to vital process safety roles with an orientation toward operational excellence. We share preliminary learnings and best practices leveraged from the nuclear industry, including systemic drivers to procedural deviations, the “top five error drivers” in written guidance, human performance modes (mental models), and key principles to enable human reliability.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140635844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}