Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)最新文献

{"title":"THE UNDERWATER TRAJECTORY BEHAVIOUR OF HEAVY OIL JET IN CROSS-FLOW FROM A BROKEN SURFACE PIPELINE","authors":"Portia Felix","doi":"10.47412/klee9837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/klee9837","url":null,"abstract":"Oil spill occurrences continue to raise varying questions and concerns about their impact on and behaviour in the marine environment as they have the potential to cause unfavourable environmental, economic and social impacts. Understanding the behaviour of oil interactions with the ocean and nearby coastal environments is crucial in maintaining a reasonable relationship between relevant stakeholders. For this purpose, oil spill numerical models are useful for predicting the movement and distribution of oil in any receiving marine environment. As a first attempt, this paper presents a very crude oil plume model to simulate the underwater behaviour of a heavy crude oil which originates from an injection point source protruding the water surface discharging heavy oil into a receiving water body of shallow water depth. Most of the existing surface oil spill models do not cater for spills that initially behave as a jet at the water surface which is an essential feature of this hypothetical oil spill scenario. The study sets a specific focus on simulating the underwater suspension and horizontal movement of an oil plume originating from a spill initially behaving as a positively buoyant jet. The model is based on a two-dimensional modified form of the classical Navier-Stokes equations and discretized using the Projection method. The model is applied in a rectangular domain with suitable boundary conditions and parameterizations to observe the underwater oil trajectory behaviour. The model is verified using a benchmark fluid flow problem and its results show reasonable relationship of specific gravity with depth. The ultimate contribution of the study can provide insights necessary for oil spill cleanup decisions as oil behaviour of this nature may pollute the underlying water.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134639221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE ANALYSIS OF SHEAR DAMAGE IN FOAMED BITUMEN STABILISED MATERIALS","authors":"Laurence Bridgemohan","doi":"10.47412/ueuq1154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/ueuq1154","url":null,"abstract":": The road building and rehabilitation industry worldwide utilises quality virgin natural aggregate materials, for the construction and maintenance of critical road infrastructure. Depleting natural deposits and limited supplies of high quality aggregates have prompted global emphasis on material selection. The foamed bitumen stabilisation technique offers the industry a sustainable and economical pavement engineering solution. Increased applications involving the enhancement of reclaimed pavement materials and wide range of locally available aggregate materials require pavement practitioners to possess adequate knowledge of its properties, behaviour and performance. Its shear characteristics and damage response have been identified as significant influential factors in determining long term performance. Notwithstanding these, an analysis of existing guidelines and mix design methodologies establish emphasis on stiffness and strength properties, for material characterisation and classification, highlighting the need for further research in modelling performance characteristics. The conceptual framework includes the use of dissipated energy in determining the effect of varying binder and active filler contents on Foamed bitumen stabilised materials (FBSMs) behaviour and performance. This paper highlights significant factors of the study which contribute to the understanding of FBSMs and determination of optimal FBSMs mix formulations.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115813213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A TIME STUDY OF THE PASTELLE MAKING PROCESS: AN INVESTIGATION AIMED AT REDUCING LABOUR AND TIME","authors":"Jeselle Gajadhar, Aneil Ramkhalawan, Jorrel Bisnath","doi":"10.47412/yxfh8312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/yxfh8312","url":null,"abstract":"Pastelles are a seasonal staple enjoyed primarily at Christmas time by Trinidadians. At present, pastelle production is limited to home cooks for personal consumption and/or low volume sales (output of 6 to 20 dozens based on demand) as well as established catering companies whose output goes up to the hundreds of dozens. Regardless of the production scale, pastelle making has been a manual process involving long hours and laborious repetitive tasks to achieve the output. The ultimate goal is to design, build and test a prototype to assist pastelle producers with their output. For this project, a time study of the processes involved was conducted by timing a few different pastelle makers to identify the average time taken for the various processes involved. From this study, it was determined that a powered press would assist the pastelle maker by reducing their effort and increase their consistency of the pressed dough. The mechanized pastelle press was created with a folding plate. User testing showed that the production time of pastelles increased, but there was a decrease in the energy input on pastelle makers. Hence, they could have made more pastelles by using the mechanism by reducing their energy input to manually press the dough. The folding plate also increased the folding time required to seal the pastelle. The results also showed that the production time reduced for two users, as their user time increased with the mechanized pastelle press. Hence, as their learning curve increased with the machine their production time reduced.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123214908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SMART FARMING: ORGANIC COMMUNICATION CHANNELS (OCCS)","authors":"Aaron Roopnarine, Sean Rocke","doi":"10.47412/fuap1192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/fuap1192","url":null,"abstract":"Organic Communication Channels (OCCs) are any hydrocarbon-based media which can be used to communicate data. This has great potential when applied to cyber-physical systems such as with smart farming. This paper establishes the relevance (though a literature survey and consideration of possible use cases for this technology), feasibility (through channel characterisation experiments) and proposes the infrastructure for OCC systems. The results show feasible communication of voice, video and text is possible with the proposed infrastructure for OCC communication. Finally, the approach of the proposal is evaluated through considerations for future work.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131663856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESTIMATION OF VALUE OF TRAVEL TIME IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO","authors":"Jevan Stephen, T. Townsend","doi":"10.47412/homx4615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/homx4615","url":null,"abstract":": The value of travel time is a key component in evaluating the potential impacts of projects aimed at improving the transportation system. In particular, the evaluation of the feasibility of projects such as toll roads is often premised on the assumed benefits that drivers perceive from saving travel time and their willingness to pay for such benefits. In Trinidad and Tobago there is no historical information which could inform valuation. This study utilized stated preference methods to determine the local value of travel time. A questionnaire was developed that incorporated a stated preference survey involving binary choices between faster, expensive travel options and slower, cheaper ones and also captured socio – economic data and work trip characteristics of the respondents. It was administered using convenience sampling via the Whatsapp mobile messaging app. To develop the survey, a preliminary estimate of value of travel time was made based on both national Gross Domestic Product and average income data. A binary logistic regression model was developed utilizing the maximum likelihood method to determine the parameters of travel time and travel cost. Based on the analysis, the overall value of travel time estimate obtained was found to be 71% of the income wage rate and 48% of the wage rate calculated using Gross Domestic Product. The GDP base rate is consistent with estimates from other jurisdictions. The findings of this study indicate the estimation of the VOT for commuters locally. This was done using an online stated preference survey of 462 commuters. The wage rate was estimated using average income and GDP data for the country so as to be used as a baseline to develop the stated preference survey questionnaire. The survey was structured such that it enabled the use of a binary logistic regression model which was then developed to represent the data collected. Using least likelihood methods, the parameters and coefficients of the model were determined and used to calculate VOT. The analysis shows that VOT estimation was TT$24.74 which was deemed reasonable given its ratio to the national wage rate.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132385302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RFID TAGS USED IN PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROGRAMME FOR MOTORS AND GENERATORS","authors":"Tracy Aleong, K. Pun","doi":"10.47412/ncpe8453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/ncpe8453","url":null,"abstract":"In modern plant operations, a well-planned preventive maintenance programme is vital to reliable and long-life operation of motors and generators. Many companies lack such a programme due to the high cost and intricacy associated with employing major sensing techniques for monitoring live equipment status. This paper presents the findings of a pilot project that was to design a low cost Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based system paired with the Internet of Things (IoT) communications to create a preventive maintenance programme that could provide real-time updates for installed motors and generators at a particular site. The basic system would incorporate ultra-high frequency RFID sensor tags for monitoring vibration and temperature, fixed RFID readers with antennas, and a based unit (built around a personal computer) with access to the internet. This is an on-line RFID-based monitoring system. The RFID tags would allow the connection of the physical assets to the digital world having a direct effect to a company’s business drivers such as cost savings, greater operational efficiency, and increased productivity. Installing the basic system on a trial basis is recommended. It is anticipated that, the RFID based system could provide a long-term solution to the current problems of complex and expensive data collection","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"293 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126022383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Watercourses and measures to alleviate flooding in the Penal/ Debe Region","authors":"Nadine Sangster, Jorrel Bisnath, Aatma Maharajh, Allen Sammy","doi":"10.47412/chif9112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/chif9112","url":null,"abstract":"Flooding is a major concern for Small Island Developing States, particularly in the Caribbean region due to the tropical climate. The islands of Trinidad and Tobago, frequently experience severe weather conditions and of recent experience perennial flooding. Within the last three years, within Trinidad, the Penal / Debe region (PDR) has been affected by severe flooding, particularly in the year 2017 after Tropical Storm Bret, affecting the South Oropouche River Basin and so this region was chosen for this work. For this study, ten areas within the region were selected and a mix method comprising of both qualitative and quantitative research methods were utilized to gather data. It was found that businesses have incurred losses that amount up to TT$750,000.00 while domestic residents have lost over TT$60,000.00 worth of property during the incidents of flooding. The attributing factors for the flooding were determined as include the increased rainfall during the wet season coupled with the high tides and the sea level rise and watercourses within the area being clogged due to improper dredging and maintenance. The recommendations for alleviation of the flooding included a plan which looked at an education and awareness programme, dredging of the watercourses, the implementation of new water catchments, re-vegetation of damaged areas, the implementation of technology to improve monitoring and response and legislation to encourage best practices. Costings were performed for the various recommendations to allow for the region to make appropriate decisions regarding implementation.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122283816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}