Progress in Plant Protection最新文献_第5页

Phytopathogenic species of fungi and fungal-like organisms identified in plant samples delivered to the Plant Disease Clinic in 2018–2020 2018-2020年植物疾病诊所收到的植物样品中鉴定的真菌和真菌样生物的植物病原物种

Progress in Plant Protection Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.14199/ppp-2021-019

K. Sadowska, S. Stępniewska-Jarosz, Natalia Łukaszewska-Skrzypniak, Weronika Zenelt, N. Borodynko-Filas

{"title":"Phytopathogenic species of fungi and fungal-like organisms identified in plant samples delivered to the Plant Disease Clinic in 2018–2020","authors":"K. Sadowska, S. Stępniewska-Jarosz, Natalia Łukaszewska-Skrzypniak, Weronika Zenelt, N. Borodynko-Filas","doi":"10.14199/ppp-2021-019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/ppp-2021-019","url":null,"abstract":"One of the conditions for effective management of farm is an access to quick diagnostics of plant pathogens in order to reduce the occurrence of plant diseases. The Plant Diseases Clinic receives samples of infected plants supplied by growers and gardeners from all over Poland. In the years 2018–2020, a total of 274 samples were tested at the Clinic for the presence of fungi and fungal-like organisms pathogenic for plants. The tests were carried out using the microscopic method, and in case of doubt, the result was confirmed by molecular tests. The most frequently studied plant was tomato (26%), followed by strawberry (9%), cucumber (5%) and tobacco, sugar beet, onion, blueberry, raspberry, lettuce, cauliflower and potato. Conifers were also a large group, such as: thujas, cypresses and pines; a total of 17 host plants. Single species of ornamental plants were very numerous, e.g. gerbera, anthurium, aster, geranium, phlox, chrysanthemum and others. The fungi of the genus Fusarium spp. constituted about 38% of infections. This was followed by Alternaria spp. (26%), Botrytis cinerea (11%) and Cladosporium sp. (10%). The remaining diseases were caused by Pythium sp., Rhizoctonia sp., Colletotrichum sp., Ulocladium sp., Pestalotia sp. and Phytophthora sp. In recent years, the greatest threat to tomatoes and strawberries has been the fungi of the Fusarium genus, and the pathogens of the Pythium genus to cucumbers.","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66712721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of the germination capacity of soybeans depending on the pH of the substrate 基质pH值对大豆发芽能力的影响

Progress in Plant Protection Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.14199/ppp-2021-022

K. Rymuza, E. Radzka

引用次数: 0

Influence of herbicide and herbicide with biostimulators on infection of selected potato cultivars by Rhizoctonia solani 除草剂和除草剂加生物刺激剂对选定马铃薯品种茄枯丝核菌侵染的影响

Progress in Plant Protection Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.14199/ppp-2021-028

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The effect of weed management method on weeds infestation, yield, storage ability and nutritional value of leek (Allium porrum L.) 杂草管理方式对韭菜杂草侵染、产量、贮藏能力和营养价值的影响

Progress in Plant Protection Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.14199/ppp-2021-032

{"title":"The effect of weed management method on weeds infestation, yield, storage ability and nutritional value of leek (Allium porrum L.)","authors":"","doi":"10.14199/ppp-2021-032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/ppp-2021-032","url":null,"abstract":"In the years 2012–2014, at The National Institute of Horticultural Research in Skierniewice, research was carried out on determining the impact of various methods of weeding on leek yield, its storage stability and nutritional value after harvest and storage. In the field experiments the following methods were compared: mechanical treatments, mechanical treatments + growth stimulator, soil mulching with polypropylene and black foil and hand weeding. After harvest the leek were storage at the temperature 0°C for 124–150 days depending on the year and after the storage it was sorted as: marketable leeks and plants with diseases symptoms and rotten plants, and also leek’s natural weight loss was determined. After harvest and after storage, the content of dry matter, total sugars and soluble phenols in leeks was determined. The highest marketable yield immediately after harvest was obtained from plants mulched with black materials. After storage, the most marketable leeks were obtained from the control and hand weeded during cultivation. Chemical composition of leek was analysed after harvest and after the storage period. After harvest the highest yield from leek grown in black mulch were obtained and after the storage from control and hand weeding. Chemical analyses showed that the highest dry matter and total sugars contents were found in leek weeded by hand, and after storage mulched with black and polypropylene foil. After harvest, the highest content of soluble phenols was recorded in leek weeded mechanically and treated additionally with a growth stimulator, and after the storage – in mechanically weeded leeks.","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66713351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Identification and molecular characterization of onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) in Allium cepa crops in Poland 波兰洋葱黄矮病毒(洋葱黄矮病毒)鉴定及分子特征分析

Progress in Plant Protection Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.14199/ppp-2021-024

Agnieszka Taberska, J. Minicka, N. Borodynko-Filas, B. Hasiów‐Jaroszewska

引用次数: 0

Application of reverse transcription and droplet digital PCR (RT-ddPCR) for detection of tomato torrado virus (ToTV) in greenhouse whitefly 反转录和数字PCR (RT-ddPCR)在温室粉虱中检测番茄torrado病毒(ToTV)的应用

Progress in Plant Protection Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.14199/ppp-2021-039

{"title":"Application of reverse transcription and droplet digital PCR (RT-ddPCR) for detection of tomato torrado virus (ToTV) in greenhouse whitefly","authors":"","doi":"10.14199/ppp-2021-039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/ppp-2021-039","url":null,"abstract":"The technology of droplet digital PCR is considered to be third-generation technology of nucleic acid amplification recently developed for the diagnostics of phytopathogens, such as bacteria, nematodes, fungi and viruses. Due to its high sensitivity, precision and no need to use standard curves and/or reference genes it is an alternative to a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). This paper presents the possibility of using the reverse transcription technique followed by ddPCR (RT-ddPCR) to detect tomato torrado virus, ToTV in the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), which is a real source of ToTV in tomato cultivation, especially in southern European countries, where it’s increased occurrence has been observed. The analysis of cDNA template evaluation of the virus RNA copies in a single adult greenhouse whitefly showed that it could carry from 220 to even 8600 copies of the virus gene. Due to the lack of effective antiviral agents, innovative and rapid viruses diagnostic assays are the essence of the fight against development of viral diseases. Therfore reported here RT-ddPCR protocol for the detection of ToTV in whiteflies may be an effective tool for monitoring the real threat of the tomato disease described by Spanish farmers as ”torrao”.","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66713196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Perspectives of chemical controlling Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora beticola Sacc.) based on laboratory tests 基于实验室试验的麻孢叶斑病化学防治展望

Progress in Plant Protection Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.14199/PPP-2021-012

Agnieszka Kiniec, K. Pieczul, I. Świerczyńska, D. Górski

引用次数: 0

Optimization and validation of a method for the determination of pesticide residues in green vegetables by LC-MS/MS LC-MS/MS测定青菜中农药残留方法的优化与验证

Progress in Plant Protection Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.14199/ppp-2021-017

Klaudia Pszczolińska, B. Kociołek

引用次数: 0

Natural and synthetic toxic substances occurring in agricultural plants and their products 发生在农业植物及其产品中的天然和合成有毒物质

Progress in Plant Protection Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.14199/PPP-2021-003

M. Jankowska, B. Łozowicka

{"title":"Natural and synthetic toxic substances occurring in agricultural plants and their products","authors":"M. Jankowska, B. Łozowicka","doi":"10.14199/PPP-2021-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/PPP-2021-003","url":null,"abstract":"Rośliny rolnicze i ich produkty stanowią ważny element diety każdego człowieka. Obok niezbędnych i cennych substancji budulcowych i energetycznych mogą zawierać substancje toksyczne powstające podczas uprawy, zbioru, przetwarzania, przechowywania i transportu. W grupie naturalnych toksyn można wyróżnić alkaloidy stanowiące pierwotne metabolity wytwarzane przez rośliny oraz mykotoksyny będące wtórnymi metabolitami grzybów pleśniowych. Do syntetycznych substancji należą zanieczyszczenia pozostałościami środków ochrony roślin. Alkaloidy występują w wielu gatunkach roślin rolniczych m.in. Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Leguminosae i Solanaceae, a najczęściej spotykanymi alkaloidami są atropina i skopolamina m.in. w produktach zbożowych, herbatach ziołowych i warzywach strączkowych. Mykotoksyny są produkowane przez trzy rodzaje grzybów pleśniowych – Aspergillus, Penicillium i Fusarium. Regularnie występują w zbożach i paszach oraz ziołach np. aflatoksyna B1, ochratoksyna A, trichoteceny. Pozostałości substancji czynnych środków ochrony roślin wykrywane z największą częstotliwością to fungicydy np. boskalid, imazalil, fludioksonil oraz insektycydy np. acetamipryd, w głównej mierze w owocach, rzadziej w warzywach. Przedmiotem pracy była meta-analiza publikacji naukowych dotycząca naturalnych i syntetycznych substancji toksycznych w zakresie ich charakterystyki oraz występowania w roślinach rolniczych i produktach rolniczych.","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66712835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Assessment of the PCR technique for identification of Bursaphelenchus mucronatus Mamiya & Enda 1979, B. xylophilus Steiner & Buhrer 1934 (Nickle 1970) and B. fraudulentus Rühm 1956 (Nematoda, Aphelenchoididae) in crude extract of nematodes isolated from wood 木质线虫粗提物中Bursaphelenchus mucronatus Mamiya & Enda 1979、B. xylophilus Steiner & Buhrer 1934 (Nickle 1970)和B. fraudulentus r<e:1> 1956 (nematda, Aphelenchoididae) PCR鉴定技术的评价

Progress in Plant Protection Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.14199/ppp-2021-037

{"title":"Assessment of the PCR technique for identification of Bursaphelenchus mucronatus Mamiya & Enda 1979, B. xylophilus Steiner & Buhrer 1934 (Nickle 1970) and B. fraudulentus Rühm 1956 (Nematoda, Aphelenchoididae) in crude extract of nematodes isolated from wood","authors":"","doi":"10.14199/ppp-2021-037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/ppp-2021-037","url":null,"abstract":"The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Steiner & Buhrer 1934 (Nickle 1970) is the major causative agent of the pine wilt disease which has become devastating to Asian and European coniferous forests. These regions are also naturally occupied by two other native but nonpathogenic species, i.e. B. mucronatus Mamiya & Enda 1979 and B. fraudulentus Rühm 1956 which are closely related to the invasive B. xylophilus. Moreover, all these three species can colonize pine trees, and potentially be extracted from the same wood samples. Due to the cosmopolitan character and wide genetic variation within- and between existing populations the taxonomic distinction of these species based exclusively on their morphology is difficult or, almost impossible. The present quarantine regulations related to B. xylophilus require the most credible and simple methods which could allow for a possibly earliest detection and precise identification of this species in wood shipments and conifer forests stands. The main objectives of the presently reported research were to simplify the presently available procedures for possibly fast and precise detection and identification of B. xylophilus examined in the background of the remaining Bursaphelenchus species of the xylophilus group and other bacterio- and mycetophagous nematodes naturally present in the pine wood samples. The developed method is based on a direct examination of the crude nematode extract from wood samples and subsequent use of PCR technique with earlier designed specific reaction starters amplifying ITS1–28S rDNA regions.","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66713103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0