Progress in Oceanography最新文献

{"title":"Does the oceanographic response to wind farm wind-wakes affect the spring phytoplankton bloom?","authors":"Arianna Zampollo ,&nbsp;Rory O’Hara Murray ,&nbsp;Alejandro Gallego ,&nbsp;Beth Scott","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large offshore wind farms (OWFs) will be deployed in the North Sea, potentially causing multiple effects on marine ecosystems some of which may be synergistic with climate change. This study modelled the oceanographic bio-physical response to anticipated atmospheric wind farm wakes in the north-west North Sea. The wind wake was included as a reduction of the wind speed into the atmospheric forcing of the Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) coupled with the European Regional Sea Model (ERSEM) from three OWFs using a year with available <em>in situ</em> data for model validation. The spatial distribution of physical variables and chlorophyll <em>a</em> (Chl-a) was compared between model runs with and without OWFs during three temporal subdivisions (pre-bloom, bloom and post-bloom) of the spring-summer period. Overall, across the entire period there was a 7 % decrease in Chl-a concentration, with the decrease being more pronounced during the bloom period. However, there was a slight increase in Chl-a in the post-bloom period. At higher temporal (12 h) and spatial (&gt; 1 km) scales, significant changes in Chl-a were identified throughout the vertical water column and during the prevailing south-west and north-west winds, which generated a persistent upwelling/downwelling dipole across the simulated time series. The spatial variations of potential energy anomaly (PEA) and Chl-a were the most informative variables as they displayed distinct values and spatial distributions linked to the upwelling/downwelling dipoles. The downwelling cell was characterised by fresher and warmer waters, especially at the surface, with areas displaying an increase in stratification with a resulting decrease of Chl-a in seasonally stratified waters. On the other hand, upwelling regions were characterised by saltier and cooler waters with increasing PEA in permanently mixed and intermittently stratified waters showing consistently increased Chl-a production. The changes to levels of stratification are ecologically important as they change the vertical characteristics of the water column differently over a seasonal cycle. The analyses confirmed that it is critical to identify the temporal and spatial scales at which important changes to the physics and Chl-a production occur as they will play a role in assessing the range of impacts of OWFs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocean circulation drives zonation of deep-water coral communities and their traits in the Northwest Atlantic","authors":"Maria Rakka ,&nbsp;Anna Metaxas ,&nbsp;Martha Nizinski ,&nbsp;David Packer ,&nbsp;Marlene Wall","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the main objectives of community ecology is to unravel the mechanisms that influence the composition of species assemblages, a process known as community assembly. While research in terrestrial and coastal marine ecosystems has provided extensive knowledge on community assembly, little is known about the processes that shape ecological communities in the deep sea. In this study, we focus on deep-water coral communities in the NW Atlantic to assess the importance of environmental variables and coral traits for community assembly, by using joint species distribution modelling and trait-based approaches. We found that oceanographic variables, such as bottom temperature and salinity, influence the composition and trait characteristics of deep-water coral communities. Model predictions revealed a bathymetric zonation of coral communities driven by the predominant water masses in the region. Coral skeletal material emerged as an important trait: increased bottom salinity associated with subtropical water masses promoted the occurrence of corals with aragonite-based skeletons, while low salinity associated with subarctic water masses promoted the occurrence of corals that use calcite. Coral communities located at sites influenced by subtropical water masses showed higher species and trait diversity, while communities within the Gulf of Maine showed signs of strong environmental filtering and disturbance. These results emphasize the importance of ocean circulation for the assembly of deep-water coral communities. Our findings advance our understanding of the mechanisms that influence community assembly in the deep sea and improve our ability to predict potential consequences of future shifts in ocean circulation caused by climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 103509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meiofauna assemblages in and around the Aleutian Trench, with focus on Harpacticoida (Copepoda)","authors":"Frederic Bonk ,&nbsp;Franziska Iwan ,&nbsp;Angelika Brandt ,&nbsp;Pedro Martínez Arbizu","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the composition of meiofaunal organisms in and around the Aleutian Trench, with a detailed focus on Harpacticoida. Overall, Nematoda were the most abundant Taxon (88.5 – 86.6%) followed by Copepoda (4.8 – 3.8%). The highest concentrations of these two taxa were observed in the northern rim of the trench and the Bering Sea, while Loricifera demonstrated higher abundances in the southern rim. Furthermore, a greater number of harpacticoid families were identified in samples from the northern rim and the Bering Sea compared to the other sampling sites. A total of 16 different harpacticoid families were identified, with Ectinosomatidae being the most abundant. Samples from the Aleutian trench exhibited low diversity and the lowest number of encountered families. The distribution and composition of meiofaunal organisms were found to be influenced by water depth, silt and clay content, and TOC. For the harpacticoid families, the most influential factors were water depth and Chl-<em>a</em>. The families Ectinosomatidae and Pseudotachidiidae contribute the most to Bray-Curtis dissimilarities. Out of seven selected harpacticoid genera, no genera showed a significant high abundance in the Aleutian trench, while <em>Pseudotachidius</em> showed a higher abundance in the Bering Sea compared to the northern rim of the trench and within the trench, and <em>Zosime</em> showed a higher abundance in the Bering Sea and in the northern rim compared to the southern rim of the trench.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 103510"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abyssal and hadal macroinbenthic assemblages in the eastern Aleutian Trench (NE Pacific)","authors":"Mathis Preikschardt ,&nbsp;Davide Di Franco ,&nbsp;Andreas Kelch ,&nbsp;Karin Meißner ,&nbsp;Angelika Brandt ,&nbsp;Stefanie Kaiser","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Aleutian Trench area is characterized by topographic and hydrographic discontinuities that may act as dispersal barriers, as well as strong environmental gradients that are likely to limit species distribution and promote diversification. The western part of the Aleutian Trench is comparably well studied, but there has been a paucity of benthic samples from its eastern part. This study aims to shed light on the benthic fauna of the eastern Aleutian Trench by analysing patterns in density and community structure of macrobenthic infauna, particularly isopod crustaceans and polychaetes, in relation to various environmental variables. The samples for this study were collected during the Aleutian Trench Biodiversity Studies (AleutBio) expedition (SO293) in 2022, which involved transects from north to south (abyssal North, hadal, abyssal South) along the Aleutian Trench and two sampling areas in the adjacent Bering Sea. In total, 14 stations at depths of 3,511–7,287 m were sampled using a box corer. Our findings indicated polychaetes to dominate macrofaunal communities followed by peracarids and molluscs. We observed a significant decrease in the densities of total macrofauna, polychaetes, and isopods with depth. There were no significant differences in macrofaunal composition at higher taxonomic levels, nor in the family-level composition of polychaetes and isopods between regions. Yet, at higher taxonomic resolution, i.e. genus and species level of Isopoda, the composition of isopods exhibited significant differences between the north and south abyssal as well as hadal region of the Aleutian Trench. Most isopod species identified (∼77%) were new to science and only a few were shared between regions or depth zonation. Additionally, the abyssal north Aleutian Trench showed a higher species diversity than the hadal and abyssal south. Overall, depth and sediment characteristics appeared to be the main drivers of differences in macrofaunal densities, community composition and isopod diversity. The study of deep-sea organisms, particularly isopods — one of the most abundant and diverse groups of macrofauna in the abyssal and hadal zones — is crucial for understanding, monitoring, and assessing the integrity of deep-sea benthic ecosystems. This includes assessing their biodiversity, distribution patterns, and the potential impacts of global change on species with limited dispersal capacity. However, more samples, higher taxonomic resolution and genetic analyses would help to elucidate ecological and environmental drivers of macrofaunal and especially isopod composition and connectivity across the trench.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103508"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dispersion characteristics in the East Australian Current system: Insights from 20 years of Lagrangian drifter data","authors":"Luke Matisons ,&nbsp;Moninya Roughan ,&nbsp;Amandine Schaeffer","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dispersion is a fundamental physical mechanism that shapes marine ecosystems through transporting and mixing heat, salt, and nutrients, as well as affecting the distribution and connectivity of organisms. Western Boundary Currents (WBC) are key to driving regional heat circulation, have immense economic and social value, and also have a significant impact on dispersion. Despite its importance, the understanding of dispersion in the East Australian Current (EAC) system, a dynamic WBC that is experiencing rapid changes, remains limited. Using 20 years of data collected as part of the Global Drifter Program, we conduct an in-depth analysis of dispersion characteristics in the EAC system. We show that both single (absolute) and pairwise (relative) dispersion metrics closely align with theoretical quasi- or surface quasi-geostrophic regimes based on both surface (undrogued drifter) and near surface (<span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn>15</mn></mrow></math></span> m; drogued drifter) observations, but absolute dispersion can be super-diffusive after the integral time scale, especially at the surface where wind and wave energy may play a role. Diffusivity is spatially heterogeneous, generally being higher where the current has a strong influence, but particularly so where the current separates into a vast eddy field in the Tasman Sea. Strengthening of the EAC jet and the eddy kinetic energy at its separation during austral summer can lead to an approximate doubling of the eddy diffusivity at 33° S and prolonged Richardson pairwise dispersion. This important baseline study demonstrates the influence that EAC dynamics can have on dispersion characteristics, and emphasizes the possible need for better model parameterizations that can account for anisotropic or spatially inhomogeneous dispersion prominent in dynamic WBC regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 103498"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which processes structure global pelagic ecosystems and control their trophic functioning? Insights from the mechanistic model APECOSM","authors":"Laureline Dalaut ,&nbsp;Nicolas Barrier ,&nbsp;Matthieu Lengaigne ,&nbsp;Jonathan Rault ,&nbsp;Alejandro Ariza ,&nbsp;Mokrane Belharet ,&nbsp;Adrien Brunel ,&nbsp;Ralf Schwamborn ,&nbsp;Mariana Travassos-Tolotti ,&nbsp;Olivier Maury","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pelagic ecosystems are distributed throughout the world’s seas and oceans. They are characterised by strong vertical structuring, horizontal heterogeneity and temporal variability, which pose significant challenges for modelling them on a global scale. In this paper, we use the mechanistic high trophic level model APECOSM (Apex Predators ECOSystem Model) to assess how the physical and biogeochemical environment constrains the structure and trophic functioning of pelagic ecosystems worldwide.</div><div>To this end, we configure the model to represent the three-dimensional and size-structured dynamics of six generic pelagic communities: small and medium epipelagics, tropical tunas, mesopelagic feeding tunas, small coastal pelagics, mesopelagic residents and mesopelagic migrants. We analyse their emergent three-dimensional spatial structuring on a global scale.</div><div>We first show that the modelled horizontal and vertical distributions are consistent with the observed data. We then analyse the role of key environmental drivers, such as temperature, light, primary production, currents and oxygen on the response of the communities. Finally, we explore the trophic functioning of pelagic ecosystems, focusing on the emergent diets of communities and their variation with organism size.</div><div>This study demonstrates the ability of a mechanistic ecosystem model to represent the multidimensional structural heterogeneity of marine ecosystems globally (encompassing three-dimensional distribution, size variations, and community composition) from a small set of universal principles and well-defined hypotheses. This approach helps to understand how the various processes at stake act and interact to shape the structure of global pelagic ecosystems, and eventually elucidate the heterogeneity of their trophic functioning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future climate projections in the global coastal ocean","authors":"Jason Holt ,&nbsp;Anna Katavouta ,&nbsp;Joanne Hopkins ,&nbsp;Laurent O. Amoudry ,&nbsp;Christian M. Appendini ,&nbsp;Lars Arneborg ,&nbsp;Alex Arnold ,&nbsp;Yuri Artioli ,&nbsp;Jerome Aucan ,&nbsp;Barbara Berx ,&nbsp;Laura Cagigal ,&nbsp;Michela De Dominicis ,&nbsp;Cléa Denamiel ,&nbsp;Giovanni Galli ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Graham ,&nbsp;Zoe Jacobs ,&nbsp;Svetlana Jevrejeva ,&nbsp;Bahareh Kamranzad ,&nbsp;Clothilde Langlais ,&nbsp;Morten Andreas Dahl Larsen ,&nbsp;Nadia Pinardi","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resilient coastal communities and sustainable marine economies require actionable knowledge to plan for and adapt to emerging and potential future climate change, particularly in relation to ecosystem services and coastal hazards. Such knowledge necessarily draws heavily on coastal ocean modelling of future climate impacts, using a great diversity of both global and regional approaches to explore multiple societal challenges in coastal and shelf seas around the world. In this paper, we explore the challenges, solutions and benefits of developing a better coordinated and global approach to future climate impacts modelling of the coastal ocean, in the context of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development project Future Coastal Ocean Climates (FLAME; part of the CoastPredict programme). Particularly, we address the need for diverse modelling approaches to meet different societal challenges, how regions can be harmonised through clustering and typology approaches, and how coordination of experimental designs can promote a better understanding of uncertainties and regional responses. Improved harmonisation of future climate impact projections in the global coastal ocean would allow sectoral and cross-sectoral global scale risk assessments, improve process understanding and help build capacity in under-represented areas such as the global south and small island developing states. We conclude with a proposed framework for a Global Coastal Ocean Model Intercomparison Project.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jet stream poleward migration leads to marine primary production decrease","authors":"Júlia Crespin ,&nbsp;Jordi Solé ,&nbsp;Miquel Canals","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jet Streams (JS) are powerful upper-tropospheric winds that significantly influence weather and climate. As anthropogenic climate change alters temperature gradients, subtropical JS are expected to shift poleward, which can have unforeseen consequences on midlatitude Earth systems. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, the impact of the steady poleward migration of the Northern Hemisphere subtropical JS on Marine Primary Production (MPP). Using over two decades of data (2000–2023), we establish a direct relationship between the JS latitudinal position and MPP variability in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea. The observed northward migration of approximately 75 km over the study period aligns with a consistent decline in chlorophyll concentrations, representing a 40 % reduction, with rates reaching up to −5% per year. This is attributed to the steady northward seasonal shift of the JS position, which drives changes in northern wind-stress and Ekman pumping, subsequently reducing upwelling occurrence and intensity. While the primary influence of JS position on MPP is seasonal, we demonstrate that its impact extends to non-seasonal components as well. Unlike other studies linking JS shifts to short-term wind stress variations and isolated upwelling events, our findings highlight a long-term impact on MPP. Our findings suggest that JS dynamics is a dominant driver of MPP variability in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea and point to equivalent situations in other marine regions worldwide. The cascading effects of reduced MPP have the potential to significantly impact marine ecosystems and resources, with broader implications for fisheries and the carbon cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103494"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altimeter-Derived poleward Lagrangian pathways in the California Current System: Part 2 – 2-D patterns of parcel transports","authors":"P. Ted Strub,&nbsp;Corinne James","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we analyze two-dimensional distributions of water parcels as they travel poleward from 35°N in the California Current System (CCS). Daily, altimeter-derived velocities are used to carry the parcels, with and without the addition of Ekman transports. Poleward-traveling parcels use the Inshore Countercurrent (ICC) off southern and central California in summer and autumn, connecting to the Davidson Current (DC) off northern California, Oregon and Washington in autumn–winter. Water parcels from southern/central California are more successful in reaching north of 43°N (Cape Blanco) when they travel in the geostrophic flow beneath the Ekman layer. The years when the greatest number of parcels arrive north of 43°N are often (not always) El Niño years. During years with successful poleward transports, local wind forcing is stronger north of 38°, especially around the large capes, 39°-43°N. These winds increase poleward geostrophic currents north of 38°-40°N and increase transports past the large-cape region. Examination of individual years demonstrates that this region is a ‘leaky obstacle’ for the poleward parcel transports, resisting those transports when there are ‘broken’ (discontinuous) patterns of poleward geostrophic velocities in the large-cape region. Distant forcing of signals from the equator along the ‘Oceanic Pathway’ primarily increases the poleward transports during El Niños with dominant eastern Pacific signatures, especially 1997–98 and 2015–16. However, this oceanic distant forcing enhances poleward geostrophic currents south of 40°N and is less effective in moving parcels around the large capes. Local wind forcing farther north is more effective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty acid profiles of two pelagic fish species in the NW Mediterranean: Reproductive and environmental implications","authors":"Mar Vila-Belmonte ,&nbsp;Ricard Bou ,&nbsp;Josep Lloret","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study examines the fatty acid (FA) profiles of the Atlantic chub mackerel (<em>Scomber colias</em>) and the Mediterranean horse mackerel (<em>Trachurus mediterraneus</em>), from the NW Mediterranean, focusing on FA distribution across maturity stages in three lipid fractions: reserve lipids, membrane lipids, and free fatty acids (FFAs). Results show that the reserve FA fraction primarily influences the total FA profile during reproductive stages. PERMANOVA analysis indicated that 82.45 % of the variance was explained by species, lipid fractions, maturity stages and their interaction, with DHA, C18:1n-9, and C16:0 identified as key contributors. In total FA, the predominant FA were polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) (37.19–54.72 %). The highest values for monounsaturated FAs were found in the reserve FA fraction (20.17–38.27 %). PUFAs were predominant in the membrane lipids (&gt;60 % for each species), especially DHA (49.89–56.51 %) and were also substantial (27.68–43.10 %) in the reserve lipids. Saturated FAs were predominant in the FFA fraction (48.84–64.77 %). A comparative analysis with other small pelagic fish in the region addresses the influence of environmental factors, seasonality, and feeding strategies in lipid profiles of pelagic fish in the NW Mediterranean. These findings contribute to our understanding of how environmental stressors, such as rising sea temperatures, affect the health and condition of marine fish, with broader implications for marine food webs and trophic interactions in a changing climate. The results also support that monitoring PUFAs (particularly EPA and DHA) in pelagic fish could serve as indicator of the health of both the stock and the pelagic environment they live.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}