Postępy Nauk Medycznych最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of the level of non-specific and specific immunity parameters in saliva of children with osteogenesis imperfecta and study of relationships between selected proteins, disease symptoms and sociodemographic factors","authors":"A. Kozubska, J. Grzegorczyk, M. Konieczka, J. Szczepanska","doi":"10.25121/newmed.2020.24.2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25121/newmed.2020.24.2.67","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Osteogenesis imperfecta is characterized by dental symptoms, including dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI). Carious process can be modified by factors such as patient’s hygiene habits, diet, saliva and its components. Saliva’s elements of non-specific immunity with antibacterial and immunomodulatory action are hBD1, hBD2 defensins, cathelicidin LL-37, lysozyme and specific immunity – secretory immunoglobulin A. Aim. Analysis of levels of hBD1 and hBD2 defensins, cathelicidin LL-37, lysozyme and sIgA in saliva of children with osteogenesis imperfecta and in a comparative group of healthy children. Material and methods. In the years 2015-2018, 62 individuals with brittle bone disease were examined, samples of non-stimulated saliva were collected from 30 patients and from 30 subjects of the comparative group. Levels of the examined parameters were measured using ELISA immunoassays tests. Statistical analysis of laboratory test results was carried out. Statistically significant differences/relationships were established at the significance level of p < 0.05. Results. The concentration of the studied proteins in saliva did not differ significantly between the groups. There were statistically significant positive correlations between: age and sIgA concentration in saliva of the examined patients; age and concentration of hBD1 and hBD2 in saliva of children from the comparative group; age and sIgA concentration in saliva of patients from the study and comparative groups. For the comparative group, statistically significant differences in sIgA concentrations in saliva between girls and boys were observed. Conclusions. Laboratory test results of hBD1 and hBD2 defensins, cathelicidin LL-37, lysozyme and sIgA levels in saliva indicate that there is a need for further laboratory tests, which could explain the low levels of caries index in children with osteogenesis imperfecta. The increased levels of sIgA in saliva with growing age of the patients (with OI and healthy children) may indicate that specific immunity system matures with age or may reflect the impact of external environment on this parameter.","PeriodicalId":206045,"journal":{"name":"Postępy Nauk Medycznych","volume":"39 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120868812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do adhesive molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 affect the development and course of gastrointestinal tumors?","authors":"Paweł Zarębski, Anna Zubkiewicz, Agnieszka Zubkiewicz-Kucharska","doi":"10.25121/pnm.2020.33.4.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25121/pnm.2020.33.4.105","url":null,"abstract":"Solid tumors are composed of two compartments: cancerous cells constituting the essential mass of tumor and stromal tumor cells. Cell-cell and extracellular matrix-cell interactions are mediated by adhesive molecules (CAMs, cell adhesion molecules) and affect the growth, differentiation and migration of tumor cells. Abnormal ICAM expression may underlie in morphological disturbances, loss of cell-to-cell junctions, cytoskeleton disorganization, allowing cancer cells to detach from tumor mass and metastase. The aim of this work is to present the current state of knowledge and results of new research on the expression of selected adhesion molecules: ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in patients with esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer. Recently, the research of adhesion molecules in numerous cancers has been observed. It has been demonstrated that ICAM-1 participates in all stages of oncogenesis. The interaction of the host ICAM-1 with a ligand on a tumor cell and host cell during subsequent metastatic stages may become an attractive target for anticancer treatment. Studies have shown that VCAM-1 plays an important role in the process of tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cells and in the neovascularization process. The concentration of soluble VCAM-1 in serum correlates with the expression of VCAM-1 in tumor tissue, and is significantly reduced after surgical removal of the tumor. In this aspect sVCAM-1 can be treated as a sensitive diagnostic and prognostic marker.","PeriodicalId":206045,"journal":{"name":"Postępy Nauk Medycznych","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132724252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the effectiveness of noninvasive ventilation techniques in patients with COVID-19","authors":"A. Jakubowski, S. Jabłońska, Grzegorz Lopienski, A. Szymańska, M. Wojewódzka-Żeleźniakowicz, Robert J. Klimkowski, K. Nadolny, J. R. Ladny","doi":"10.25121/PNM.2020.33.4.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25121/PNM.2020.33.4.95","url":null,"abstract":"Health care system from the end of 2019 faced a huge challenge worldwide which was the emergence of a new species of coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China. Within a short time, the pathogen revealed a pandemic nature. On January 30, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The greatest threat to human health and life is the damage to the lungs that accompanies a virus infection and the development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). As the epidemic proceeded, a significant amount of the hospital bed facilities was occupied by patients requiring passive oxygen therapy and, in large part, respiratory support using high flow oxygen therapy (HFNC) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices. A variety of techniques for applying passive oxygen therapy allow the use of different oxygen flows, with a proportional increase in FiO2 in the breathing mixture.","PeriodicalId":206045,"journal":{"name":"Postępy Nauk Medycznych","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130357290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction pockets of the tympanic membrane – introduction to the development of cholesteatoma","authors":"M. Godlewska, Jolanta Biszewska, J. Luczaj, Emilia Duchnowska, B. Kosztyła-Hojna, J. R. Ladny","doi":"10.25121/pnm.2020.33.4.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25121/pnm.2020.33.4.100","url":null,"abstract":"The tympanic membrane retraction pocket is a phenomenon that is described as a deformation of the tympanic membrane (most often hollow) caused by long persistent negative pressure inside the tympanic cavity. There are many theories about the pathomechanism of the formation of retraction pockets, but the most probable seems to be the one that which talks about pockets as a natural attempt by the body to heal inflammation in the tympanic cavity. Most untreated retraction pockets can lead to the development of cholesteatoma, which is so important knowing the classification of pockets. Due to it, it is possible to properly assess pathology and apply an appropriate treatment. There is no standardized scheme to the treatment of retraction pockets. Everything depends on the severity of the disease as well as on the co-occurrence of the upper respiratory tract infections or ear effusion.","PeriodicalId":206045,"journal":{"name":"Postępy Nauk Medycznych","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126868451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of prevention of occlusal disorders in dental caries","authors":"K. Oleksyn, M. Rozhko","doi":"10.25121/pnm.2020.33.3.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25121/pnm.2020.33.3.64","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Under the concept of occlusion, we understand the harmony between the dental arches, TMJ and neuromuscular system (masticatory muscles). Occlusal contacts play an important role in ensuring physiological occlusion. Dental caries is one of the main reason of occlusal disorders. In economically developed countries, it affects 95-98% of the population. Carious process causes changes in location of occlusal contact points, which is the reason of atypical mandibular movements. As a consequence, tooth overload and occlusal trauma are observed. Aim. The purpose of our research is a prevention of occlusal disorders by the method of composite restoration of affected occlusal surfaces considering functional anatomy with father checking of occlusal relationships with the help of computerized system T-Scan Novus. Material and methods. For this we have chosen 90 first-/second-/third-year students of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University at the age of 17-20, who were the citizens of the regions with low level of fluoride. Half of them had carious lesion of first molars, another 45 students had first molars, which were restored without principle of occlusion. Treatment was carried out by methods of direct and indirect restoration of occlusal surfaces taking into account the functional anatomy. Results. The article contains the results of redistribution of occlusal contact in first molar with carious lesion (decrease in the occlusal load on the affected tooth, occurrence of overload on the tooth with larger area of chewing (occlusal surface) and restoration of first molar without taking into account the principles of functional anatomy (occurrence of occlusal interferences directly on it). Further restorations of chewing surfaces of first molars considering the occlusal determinants led to an even distribution of the occlusal force on the molars. Conclusions. The obtained results of our study demonstrate the effectiveness of created treatment and prevention complex.","PeriodicalId":206045,"journal":{"name":"Postępy Nauk Medycznych","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115504821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noise and hearing disorders","authors":"E. Markowska, Anna Lobaczuk-Sitnik, Małgorzata Różańska, Emilia Duchnowska, B. Kosztyła-Hojna, Maksim Wieliczko, J. R. Ladny","doi":"10.25121/pnm.2020.33.3.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25121/pnm.2020.33.3.75","url":null,"abstract":"Hearing is one of the most important human senses. It is highly sensitive to any acoustic stimuli – some of them may be harmful. Hearing damage caused by noise is becoming more common these days. It affects not only adults, but also adolescents and children. It is often irreversible and may arise as a result of a single exposure to noise or during long-term occupational exposure. Noise has a strong impact on the hearing organ. It is a dangerous stimulus that damages external hair cells. Its effect may be caused by both long-term and short-term exposure. To prevent noise-induced hearing impairment, it is necessary to avoid loud acoustic stimuli. Noise is ubiquitous and sometimes we do not realize how harmful it is to our hearing. People of all ages are exposed to hearing loss caused by noise. In order to avoid or reduce the effects of noise, one should follow preventive recommendations. Noise has a huge impact on the quality of our hearing.","PeriodicalId":206045,"journal":{"name":"Postępy Nauk Medycznych","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116913779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auditory training in auditory processing disorders (APD)","authors":"Magdalena Dunaj, Anna Lobaczuk-Sitnik, Małgorzata Różańska, Emilia Duchnowska, B. Kosztyła-Hojna, K. Nadolny, Maksim Wieliczko, J. R. Ladny","doi":"10.25121/pnm.2020.33.3.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25121/pnm.2020.33.3.69","url":null,"abstract":"Auditory processing disorders (APD) are characterized by a reduction in the efficiency of auditory processing, which results in a deficit in identifying and interpreting sounds by the brain. In 2017, auditory processing disorders were awarded an individual diagnostic code. Symptoms that indicate the presence of auditory processing disorders are numerous and non-specific. The primary symptom of impaired auditory processing is difficulty understanding speech in noise. This disorder affects about 5-7% of children. Most often, the result of at least two tests included in the set is considered to be the determinant which constitutes the basis for the diagnosis of disorders. In the diagnostic and therapeutic process of children with auditory processing disorders, the correct diagnosis is of key importance, thanks to which it will be possible to conduct an appropriate treatment. All therapeutic methods, tasks activating auditory perception and language skills should be selected reliably, individually for each participant of the therapy. The use of the so-called auditory training during corrective-compensatory and speech therapy classes in children with central auditory processing disorders should be the standard. It is the main method of treating children with central hearing impairment. Auditory training includes auditory education based on stimulating child’s auditory predispositions and on developing the ability to use them in order to gain better orientation in the environment. At present, therapists in Poland may use various types of therapeutic interactions that have a positive impact on the development of a child’s hearing skills. The aim of the work is to discuss auditory training and to present speech therapy exercises helpful in the therapeutic process of children with auditory processing disorders.","PeriodicalId":206045,"journal":{"name":"Postępy Nauk Medycznych","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133065346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal aspects of national healthcare service in Cuba","authors":"Malgorzata Cyrych","doi":"10.25121/PNM.2019.33.2.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25121/PNM.2019.33.2.48","url":null,"abstract":"In the Republic of Cuba, the last remaining socialist state in the world, medical care was always considered a human right for all citizens. Cuba’s health policy underlines primary health care along prevention, and the participation of citizens and services in the community, and such policies lead tow working fairly well health system. The Cuban experience demonstrates properly working policymaking on the provision of medical care. Although there is large body of literature on health care in Cuba, still the topic of constitutional patient’s rights to medical care is not fully explored. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to show how Cuba’s medical care system has been developed by focusing on human well-being versus financial gains.","PeriodicalId":206045,"journal":{"name":"Postępy Nauk Medycznych","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115855444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jehovah’s Witnesses, blood transfusions and judicial decision","authors":"Malgorzata Cyrych","doi":"10.25121/PNM.2019.33.2.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25121/PNM.2019.33.2.44","url":null,"abstract":"Every patient has the right and capacity to decide on accepting medical treatment, even if a refusal might risk permanent injury to his/her health or even lead to premature death, and regardless of whether the reasons for the refusal were rational or irrational, unknown or even non-existent, if a patient’s capacity to make a decision had been overborne by the undue influence of others, it is the duty of the doctors to treat her/him in whatever way they considered, in the exercise of their clinical judgement, to be in his best interests. The dangerous practice of denial of therapy for various religious reasons affects almost all religious sects and, to a small extent, other religious groups. Jehovah’s Witnesses believe that accepting foreign blood blocks the way to salvation. They only agree to provide a medical service with the use of non-blood products. Therefore, treatment of such a patient can be extremely difficult for doctors. In other words, the arise is whether the rights of a mother refusing to have treatment can prevail against those of her unborn child, whereas potential limit to the absolute right of a competent adult to accept or reject treatment was recognized by English and American courts.","PeriodicalId":206045,"journal":{"name":"Postępy Nauk Medycznych","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124611630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient abusing amphetamine and its derivatives in terms of emergency medicine – assessment of differential diagnosis and treatment","authors":"Przemysław Żuratyński, Dawid Pietrzak, Sylwia Jałtuszewska, K. Krzyżanowski, R. Szczepański, M. Robakowska, D. Ślęzak","doi":"10.25121/pnm.2019.32.4.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25121/pnm.2019.32.4.144","url":null,"abstract":"There are many dangerous chemicals on the drug market that are very dangerous to the health and even life of the users. New products, often in blends and reinforced concentrations, encourage people to try them. One such substance is amphetamine and its derivatives. Amphetamine as a therapeutic agent – benzidine – was introduced in 1932 by Smith, Kline and French. It was used to treat inflammation of the nasal mucosa and bronchial asthma, in addition to treating narcolepsy. During World War II its properties were used as a stimulant by American soldiers. In the sixties of the twentieth century amphetamine was used as an aid to weight loss. According to sources, more than 30 million tablets were sold on the European market in 2000.","PeriodicalId":206045,"journal":{"name":"Postępy Nauk Medycznych","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115182394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}