Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the spatial scale of synchrony in forest tree population dynamics.","authors":"Ryan A Chisholm, Tak Fung, Kristina J Anderson-Teixeira, Norman A Bourg, Warren Y Brockelman, Sarayudh Bunyavejchewin, Chia-Hao Chang-Yang, Yu-Yun Chen, George B Chuyong, Richard Condit, Handanakere S Dattaraja, Stuart J Davies, Sisira Ediriweera, Corneille E N Ewango, Edwino S Fernando, I A U Nimal Gunatilleke, C V Savitri Gunatilleke, Zhanqing Hao, Robert W Howe, David Kenfack, Tze Leong Yao, Jean-Remy Makana, Sean M McMahon, Xiangcheng Mi, Mohizah Bt Mohamad, Jonathan A Myers, Anuttara Nathalang, Álvaro J Pérez, Sangsan Phumsathan, Nantachai Pongpattananurak, Haibao Ren, Lillian J V Rodriguez, Raman Sukumar, I-Fang Sun, Hebbalalu S Suresh, Duncan W Thomas, Jill Thompson, Maria Uriarte, Renato Valencia, Xugao Wang, Amy T Wolf, Jess K Zimmerman","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.0486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.0486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Populations of forest trees exhibit large temporal fluctuations, but little is known about the synchrony of these fluctuations across space, including their sign, magnitude, causes and characteristic scales. These have important implications for metapopulation persistence and theoretical community ecology. Using data from permanent forest plots spanning local, regional and global spatial scales, we measured spatial synchrony in tree population growth rates over sub-decadal and decadal timescales and explored the relationship of synchrony to geographical distance. Synchrony was high at local scales of less than 1 km, with estimated Pearson correlations of approximately 0.6-0.8 between species' population growth rates across pairs of quadrats. Synchrony decayed by approximately 17-44% with each order of magnitude increase in distance but was still detectably positive at distances of 100 km and beyond. Dispersal cannot explain observed large-scale synchrony because typical seed dispersal distances (<100 m) are far too short to couple the dynamics of distant forests on decadal timescales. We attribute the observed synchrony in forest dynamics primarily to the effect of spatially synchronous environmental drivers (the Moran effect), in particular climate, although pests, pathogens and anthropogenic drivers may play a role for some species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20589,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","volume":"291 2035","pages":"20240486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolution of post-infection mortality.","authors":"Chadi M Saad-Roy, Andy White, Mike Boots","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.1854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.1854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19 infections have underlined that there can be substantial impacts on health after recovery, including elevated mortality. While such post-infection mortality (PIM) is clearly widespread, we do not yet have any understanding of its evolutionary dynamics. To address this gap, we use an eco-evolutionary model to determine conditions where PIM is evolutionarily favoured. Importantly, from a pathogen perspective, there are two potential 'resources': never-infected susceptibles and previously infected susceptibles (provided some reinfection is possible), and PIM only occurs in the latter. A key insight is that unlike classic virulence (i.e. during-infection mortality, DIM) PIM is neutral and not selected against in the absence of other trade-offs. However, PIM modulates characteristics of endemicity, and may also vary with other pathogen-specific components. If PIM is only correlated with transmission, recovery or DIM, it simply acts to modulate their impacts on the evolutionary outcome. On the other hand, if PIM trades off with the relative susceptibility to reinfection, there are important evolutionary implications that contrast with DIM. We find settings where a susceptibility-mortality trade-off (i.e. an increase in mortality leads to higher relative susceptibility to reinfection) can select against DIM but favour PIM. This provides a potential explanation for the ubiquity of PIM. Overall, our work illustrates that PIM can readily evolve in certain settings and highlights the importance of considering different sources of mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":20589,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","volume":"291 2035","pages":"20241854"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-tuning the evolutionary stability of recombinant herpesviral transmissible vaccines.","authors":"Baca Chan, Scott L Nuismer, Hujaz Alqirbi, Jenna Nichols, Christopher H Remien, Andrew J Davison, Michael A Jarvis, Alec J Redwood","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.1827","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rspb.2024.1827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spillover of infectious diseases from wild animal populations constitutes a long-standing threat to human health for which few globally viable solutions have been developed. The use of oral baits laden with conventional vaccines distributed <i>en masse</i> represents one success story but is costly and practicable primarily for rabies risk reduction in North American and European carnivores. Efforts to expand vaccination to control pathogens within less accessible wildlife populations have raised interest in a new kind of vaccine capable of spreading pathogen-specific immunity through autonomous spread. However, such 'transmissible' vaccines raise concerns about the irrevocable release of genetically modified viruses into the environment. Herein, we explore the feasibility of an intrinsic strategy for transgene control within these vaccines based on the genetic destabilizing effect of <i>cis</i>-acting sequences flanking the heterologous transgene of interest. While suitable for the control of transgene stability within all types of DNA-viral vectored vaccines, this strategy has particular applicability to transmissible vaccines. Using a combination of experiments, mathematical modelling and whole-genome sequencing, we show that the rate of transgene loss can be controlled by varying the lengths of the direct repeat sequences. This opens a way for fine-tuning the lifespan of a transmissible vaccine in the wild.</p>","PeriodicalId":20589,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","volume":"291 2034","pages":"20241827"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11557244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the hemiretinal asymmetry in emotion processing as a function of spatial frequency.","authors":"Eleanor Moses, Zhou Yu, Jessica Taubert, Alan J Pegna","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.1909","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rspb.2024.1909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The subcortical visual pathway to the amygdala has long been considered a rapid and crude stream for processing emotionally salient information that is reliant on low spatial frequency (LSF) information. Recently, research has called this LSF dependency into question. To resolve this debate, we take advantage of an anatomical hemiretinal asymmetry, whereby the nasal hemiretina sends a higher proportion of information through the subcortical pathway than the temporal hemiretina. We recorded brain activity using electroencephalography (EEG) in human participants (<i>N</i> = 40) while they completed a monocular viewing paradigm. Pairs of faces (one fearful and one neutral, or both neutral) were projected simultaneously to the nasal and temporal hemiretina in three contrast-equated blocks; faces filtered to display only (i) LSF, (ii) high spatial frequency (HSF), or (iii) unfiltered information (broadband spatial frequency; BSF). BSF fearful faces were found to produce a greater naso-temporal asymmetry, with greater N170 amplitudes evoked by BSF faces in the nasal field, compared to HSF faces. Conversely, the naso-temporal asymmetry for LSF fearful faces did not differ between BSF and HSF. Collectively, these findings provide crucial evidence that the subcortical pathway carries combined spatial frequency visual signals, with a potential bias against HSF content.</p>","PeriodicalId":20589,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","volume":"291 2034","pages":"20241909"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11537754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiome transfer from native to invasive species may increase invasion risk.","authors":"Maria M Martignoni, Oren Kolodny","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.1318","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rspb.2024.1318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a fast-changing world, understanding how organisms adapt to their environment is a pressing necessity. Research has focused on genetic adaptation, while our understanding of non-genetic modes is still in its infancy. The host-associated microbiome can be considered a non-genetic mode of adaptation, which can strongly influence an organism's ability to cope with its environment. However, the role of the microbiome in host ecological dynamics is largely unexplored, particularly in animal communities. Here, we discuss the following hypothesis: invasive species may rapidly adapt to local conditions by adopting beneficial microbes from similar co-occurring native species. This occurs when the invader's fitness is influenced by adaptation to local conditions that is facilitated by microbes acquired from native microbiomes. We present a minimal mathematical model to explore this hypothesis and show that a delayed acquisition of native microbes may explain the occurrence of an invasion lag. Overall, our results contribute to broadening the conceptualization of rapid adaptation via microbiome transfer and offer insights towards designing early intervention strategies for invasive species management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20589,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","volume":"291 2034","pages":"20241318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11537765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The nature of label-induced categories: preverbal infants represent surface features and category symbols.","authors":"Barbara Pomiechowska, Szilvia Takács, Ágnes Volein, Eugenio Parise","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.1433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.1433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humans categorize objects not only based on perceptual features (e.g. red, rounded), but also function (e.g. used to transport people). Category membership can be communicated via labelling (e.g. 'apple', 'vehicle'). While it is well established that even preverbal infants rely on labels to learn categories, it remains unclear what is the nature of those categories: whether they simply contain sets of visual features diagnostic of category membership, or whether they additionally contain abstract category markers or symbols (e.g. linguistic in the form of category labels or non-linguistic). To address this question, we first used labelling to teach two novel object categories, each composed of unfamiliar visually unrelated objects, to adults and nine-month-olds. Then, we assessed categorization in an electroencephalography category-oddball task. Both adults and infants displayed stronger neural responses to the infrequent category, which, in the absence of visual features shared by all category members, indicates that the categories they set up contained feature-independent category markers. Well before language production starts, labels help infants to discover categories without relying on perceptual similarities across objects and build category representations with summary elements that may be critical for the development of abstract thought.</p>","PeriodicalId":20589,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","volume":"291 2035","pages":"20241433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive trade-offs between vertebrate defence and insect predation drive Amazonian ant venom evolution.","authors":"Axel Touchard, Samuel D Robinson, Hadrien Lalagüe, Steven Ascoët, Arnaud Billet, Alain Dejean, Nathan J Téné, Frédéric Petitclerc, Valérie Troispoux, Michel Treilhou, Elsa Bonnafé, Irina Vetter, Joel Vizueta, Corrie S Moreau, Jérôme Orivel, Niklas Tysklind","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.2184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.2184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stinging ants have diversified into various ecological niches, and selective pressures may have contributed to shape the composition of their venom. To explore the drivers underlying venom variation in ants, we sampled 15 South American rainforest species and recorded a range of traits, including ecology, morphology and venom bioactivities. Principal component analysis of both morphological and venom bioactivity traits reveals that stinging ants display two functional strategies where species have evolved towards either an exclusively offensive venom or a multi-functional venom. Additionally, phylogenetic comparative analysis indicates that venom function (predatory, defensive or both) and mandible morphology correlate with venom bioactivity and volume. Further analysis of the venom biochemistry of the 15 species revealed switches between cytotoxic and neurotoxic venom compositions among species. Our study supports an evolutionary trade-off between the ability of venom to deter vertebrate predators and to paralyse insect prey which are correlated with different venom compositions and life-history strategies among Formicidae.</p>","PeriodicalId":20589,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","volume":"291 2035","pages":"20242184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colouration of the uropygial secretion in starling nestlings: a possible role of bacteria in parent-offspring communication.","authors":"Ester Martínez-Renau, Antonio M Martín-Platero, María Dolores Barón, Antonio José García-Núñez, Manuel Martínez-Bueno, Cristina Ruiz-Castellano, Gustavo Tomás, Juan José Soler","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.1857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.1857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of cosmetic substances in communication is widespread in animals. Birds, for instance, use their uropygial secretion as a cosmetic in scenarios of sexual selection and parent-offspring communication. This secretion harbours symbiotic bacteria that could mediate the synthesis of pigments for cosmetic colouration. Here, we investigate the association between bacteria and the conspicuous yellow secretion used by spotless starling (<i>Sturnus unicolor</i>) nestlings to stain their mouths, and hypothesize a possible role of bacteria in the colour production. We also experimentally explore how nestling oxidizing condition influences the microbiota, suggesting that the possible bacterial-mediated coloured secretion acts as a reliable honest signal. An antioxidant supplementation experiment, previously known to affect secretion and mouth colouration, was conducted to assess its impact on the microbial community of secretions from control and experimental siblings. Antioxidant supplementation increased richness and phylogenetic diversity of the secretion's microbiota. Moreover, the microbiota's alpha and beta diversity, and the abundance of two bacterial genera (<i>Parabacteroides</i> and <i>Pseudogracilibacillus</i>), correlated with secretion colour. These findings demonstrate that antioxidant condition influences the gland microbiota of starling nestlings, and suggest a link between bacteria and the colouration of their cosmetic secretion. Alternative explanations for the detected links between bacteria and colouration are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20589,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","volume":"291 2035","pages":"20241857"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of black spot syndrome in Caribbean reefs: a century of fish collections reveal long-term increases in <i>Scaphanocephalus</i> infection.","authors":"Pieter T J Johnson, Rémon J Malawauw, Julia Piaskowy, Dana M Calhoun, Zachary Kohl, Lars J V Ter Horst, Derek A Zelmer","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.2065","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rspb.2024.2065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite evidence that certain diseases of marine wildlife are increasing, long-term infection data are often lacking. Archived samples of hosts from natural history collections offer a powerful tool for evaluating temporal changes in parasitism. Using vouchered fish collections from the Southern Caribbean, we investigated long-term (1905-2022) shifts in infections by the trematode <i>Scaphanocephalus</i> spp., which causes black spot syndrome (BSS) in reef fishes. Examination of 190 museum-preserved fishes from Curaçao and Bonaire revealed that <i>Scaphanocephalus</i> infections are not new, with histologically confirmed detections from as early as 1948. However, <i>Scaphanocephalus</i> was rare among archival surgeonfish and parrotfishes, with an infection prevalence of <10% and an average abundance of 0.25 metacercariae per fish. Contemporary collections of 258 ocean surgeonfish and parrotfishes (7 species) supported a 7-fold higher prevalence (71%) and a 49-fold higher abundance (12.1). These findings offer evidence that infections by <i>Scaphanocephalus</i> spp. have increased substantially over the past century and underscore the value of biological repositories in the study of emerging parasites within marine ecosystems. We emphasize the need for additional research to evaluate the geographical extent of BSS emergence, test proposed hypotheses related to shifts in host density or environmental characteristics and assess the consequences for affected species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20589,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","volume":"291 2034","pages":"20242065"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11557228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global analysis of acoustic frequency characteristics in birds.","authors":"H S Sathya Chandra Sagar, Akash Anand, Maia E Persche, Anna M Pidgeon, Benjamin Zuckerberg, Çağan H Şekercioğlu, Zuzana Buřivalová","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2024.1908","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rspb.2024.1908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal communication plays a crucial role in biology, yet the wide variability in vocalizations is not fully understood. Previous studies in birds have been limited in taxonomic and analytical breadth. Here, we analyse an extensive dataset of >140 000 recordings of vocalizations from 8450 bird species, representing nearly every avian order and family, under a structural causal model framework, to explore the influence of eco-evolutionary traits on acoustic frequency characteristics. We find that body mass, beak size, habitat associations and geography influence acoustic frequency characteristics, with varying degrees of interaction with song acquisition type. We find no evidence for the influence of vegetation density, sexual dimorphism, range size and competition on our measures of acoustic frequency characteristics. Our results, built on decades of researchers' empirical observations collected across the globe, provide a new breadth of evidence about how eco-evolutionary processes shape bird communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":20589,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","volume":"291 2034","pages":"20241908"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}